2016湖北省荆州市荆州区高考英语一轮作文及阅理选练附答案4

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

The question of what children learn, and how they should learn, is continually being debated and redebated. Nobody dares any longer to defend the old system, the learning of lessons
parrot-fashion, the grammar-with-a-whip system, which was good enough for our grandparents. The theories of modem psychology have stepped in to argue that we must understand the need of children. Children are not just small adults; they are children who must be respected as much. Well, you may say, this is as it should be, a good idea. But think further. What happens? "Education" becomes the responsibility not of teachers, but of psychologists (心里学家). What happens then? Teachers worry too much about the psychological implications (暗示) of their lessons, and forget about the subjects themselves. If a child dislikes a lesson, the teacher feels that it is his fault, not the child’s. So teachers worry whether history is "relevant" to modern young children. And do they dare to recount stories about violence? Or will this make the children themselves violent? Can they tell their classes about children of different races, or will this encourage racial hatred? Why teach children to write grammatical sentences? Verbal expression is better. Sums? Arithmetic? No:
Real-life mathematical situations are more understandable.
You see, you can go too far. Influenced by educational theorists, who have nothing better to do than to write books about their ideas, teachers leave their teacher-training colleges filled with grand, psychological ideas about children and their needs. They make elaborate, sophisticated (精致的，复杂的) preparations and try out their "modem methods" on the long-suffering children. Since one "modem method" rapidly replaces another the poor kids will have had a good bellyful by the time they leave school. Frequently the modem methods are so sophisticated that they fail to be understood by the teachers, let alone the children; even more often, the relaxed discipline so essential for the " informal" feelings the class must have, prevents all but a handful of children from learning anything.
1. People do not dare defend the old system mainly because under the old system________.
A. too much grammar was taught to children
B. children were spoiled (宠坏)
C. children were treated as grown-ups
D. children were made to learn passively(被动的)
2. What view do the modem psychologists hold?
A. Children must be understood and respected.
B. Children are small adults and know what they need.
C. Children are better off without learning lessons.
D. Education of children is the responsibility of psychologists.
3. What happens when teachers pay too much attention to the psychology of their lessons?
A. They find that the children dislike the lessons.
B. They tend to blame students for their failure.
C. They do not pay enough attention to the actual lessons.
D. They no longer want to teach children history.
4. Grammatical sentences are regarded as unimportant because ________.
A. it is better to use verbs only
B. words are said out of natural feelings only
C. talking freely and naturally without sentences is a better form of expression
D. it is felt that formal grammar rules might cause unnatural expressions
5. According to the passage, the modern methods are understood by ________.
A. neither teachers nor pupils
B. only a handful of teachers and pupils
C. the more sophisticated teachers
D. everyone who enjoys the relaxed discipline of the informal classes。

【答案与解析】
1. D 推断题。

由第一段第二句“鹦鹉学舌般地课文学习、附带鞭子的语法教学”可知，这种学习孩子非常被动。

2. A 细节题。

由第一段最后一句可知：我们必须懂得孩子们的需要，还要尊重孩子们。

3. C 细节题。

由第二段中“教师过多担心功课的心理暗示，忽略了功课本身”可知。

4. B 推断题。

由第二段中Why teach children to write grammatical sentences? Verbal expression is better可推断出。

5. A 细节题。

由最后一段中Frequently the modem methods…fail to be understo od by the teachers，let alone the children可知。

【2014高考英语广东省华侨中学四模】读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文
In junior high school, one of my classmates, Ethan, was addicted to TV. This boy simply knew everything about such pop shows as Who’s the Boss?
Th en one day Ethan’s mother made him an offer in order to draw him back to his school subjects. She promised that she would give him $200 if he could go a full month without watching any TV. None of us thought Ethan could do it, but he did quit TV. His mom paid him $200. He went out and bought a TV, the biggest he could find.
In recent years, hundreds of schools have carried out experiments with paying kids with cash for showing up or getting good grades. All school kids admire this trend. But it upsets adults. Teachers say that we are rewarding kids for doing what they should be doing of their own will. Psychologists warn that money can actually make kids perform worse by making the act of learning cheap. The debate has become a typical battle over why our kids are not learning at the rate they should be despite decades of reforms and budget increases.
【写作内容】
1. 以约30词概括上文的主要内容。

2. 以约120词对用金钱鼓励孩子学习的现象进行议论，内容包括：
(1) 你对用金钱鼓励孩子学习的看法：
(2) 你的父母（或其他亲人）是如何鼓励你学习的；
(3) 你认为怎样才能更好地鼓励孩子学习
【写作要求】
1. 作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。

【参考范文】读写任务：
Ethan's mom used money for encouraging him to be devoted to learning, but she failed. In fact, kids are happy to be rewarded with money while some teachers and psychologists are upset. (32 words)
Rewarding a child with cash is a common phenomenon in reality, and it does even become a trend. Form where I stand, I am not in favour of encouraging kids with cash. To get kids motivated to learn, we should not treat every child in the same way. To some students, oral praise is essential and adequate. However, this method may not work well with other kids. Maybe what counts more to them is to watch a movie or go on a trip together with their parents. It just depends. My parents used to encourage me by leading me to have more reading. Whenever I made progress in my studies, they bought me my favourite books, which not only motivated me, but also helped me get along well with my studies.
In conclusion, schools and parents should educate their kids by teaching them to study for themselves and the society rather than simply offering them money to do something passively. Only by building up some noble and long-range aims can they study on their own initiative.
高中英语书面表达中的高级词汇替换例举
1．occur 替换think of
It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
2．devote to替换spend
He devotes all his spare time to reading.
3．seek to do 试图，企图干
seek after=seek for 寻求
They sought to hide themselves behind the trees.
4．average 替换ordinary
I’m an average student.
5．but替换very
The film we saw last night was very interesting. →
The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.
6．seat 替换sit
He found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.
7．be supposed to=should
He is supposed to have driven more slowly.
8．appreciate 替换thank you for
I deeply appreciate your kindness in coming so far to meet me.
9．on替换as soon as
As soon as he arrived, he began his research.
→On his arrival, he began his research.
10．due to替换because of
Due to poor management, the factory is deeply in debt.
11．cover替换walk/read
After covering 10 miles, we all felt tired.
12．contribute to 替换write, donate等
He contribute an article to China Daily.
The association has contributed a sum of money to the Red Coss.
Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.
13．round the corner 替换coming soon/ nearby
The summer vacation is round the corner.
Li Ming studies in a school round the corner.
14．come up with替换think of
Jack is very clever. He often comes up with new ideas.
15．set aside替换save
Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. 16．be of + n. 替换adj.
The products are of high quality and are sold everywhere in China.
17．refer to 替换talk about/of, mention
The professor you referred to is very famous.
Let me refer to my notes for the exact figures.
18．can not but do / can not help but do替换have to do
19．more often than not替换usually
More often than not , the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.
20．be absorbed in 全神贯注于be addicted to 沉溺于替换be lost in
Now many kids are addicted to playing net games.
21．more than替换very
If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.
22．do sb a/the favor 替换help
Would you please do me the favor to turn down the radio?
23．the other day替换a few days ago
The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.
24．in the course of替换during
In the course of the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.
25．the majority of替换most
The majority of the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema. 26．consist of替换be made up of
Our class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.
27．be worn out替换be tired / broken
After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).
My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.
28．attend to替换look after
She hanged up hurriedly and attended to the baby. Meanwhile, the meal got burnt. 29．on condition that替换as long as
You can go out on condition that you wear an overcoat.
30．nevertheless替换however
Freda knew that she would not win; nevertheless, she went on trying.
31．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with
They expressed satisfaction with their lives.
32．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do
To be competitive on the world market, we must spare no efforts to improve the quality of our products.
33．many a 替换many
Many a quarrel has come about through a misunderstanding.
34．be occupied in doing 替换be busy in doing
Time spun away when we were occupied in repairing the farm tools.
35．a handful of替换some
He allowed only a handful of his many compositions to be published during his lifetime. 36．(in the) meanwhile替换at the same time
I went to college. Meanwhile, all my friends got well-paid jobs.
37．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while
I like playing football best, but occasionally I play table tennis, too.
38．for instance替换for example
For instance, the two patterns below are considered the same.
39．seldom替换not often
I'm a night owl and seldom will I go to bed until after midnight.
40．wealthy替换rich
A wealthy sponsor came to our rescue with a generous donation.
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