2020届北京市航天中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案

2020届北京市航天中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
What to Eat—and What to Skip—When It Comes to Takeout Food
If the burden on your wallet doesn't bother you much, the effect your takeout habit can have on your waistline just might arouse your attention. Here's the best and worst of the lot for your belly.
Steamed Vegetable Dumplings: Order This.
When she orders Chinese, registered dietitian nutritionist Elisa Zied gets an order of steamed vegetable dumplings. "I often pair them with either chicken and broccoli in brown sauce（I ask for a little saucemade without sugar）or steamed shrimp dumplings," she tells us.
Crab Wontons: Not That!
When you deconstruct crab wontons, it's easy to see why they're a "Not That!" The inside is filled with crabmeat and cream cheese（which is just a fancy, spreadable fat）.The wonton is made of refined flour, egg and salt and the crispy（脆的）coating is a result of a deep oil bath.
Peking Duck: Order This.
Most of the fat from the skin flows out of the duck over the course of cooking, making this a healthier choice than most of the stir-fry dishes available. Order a side of steamed vegetables and serve it with a small scoop of brown rice. Done and done!
Sweet and Sour Anything: Not That!
Anything with “sweet and sour” in its title is a powerful cue that something has been deep-fried and covered in a sickly-sweet pink sauce. If you pair your selection with a side of rice, you're looking at a 1,000-calorie meal.
Summer Roll: Order This.
Summer rolls are steamed instead of fried—and typically filled with lean proteins and vegetables, making them a winning appetizer in our book. Pair them with an order of edamame（毛豆）and a broth-based soup for a satisfying, filling meal.
Spring Roll: Not That!
Spring=deep-fried, which is why we say to skip them! They're filled with fat and calories your belly doesn't need.
1.What kind of cooking method should be skipped according to the text?
A.Steaming.
B.Stir-frying.
C.Deep-frying.
D.Boiling.
2.Which of the following suits as a good starter for a meal?
A.Chicken and broccoli.
B.Steamed vegetable dumplings.
C.Peking duck.
D.Summer rolls.
3.Where can the text be found?
A.In a recipe.
B.In a guidebook.
C.In a science fiction.
D.In a health magazine.
B
The Rise of Voice Technology
Voice technology has come a long way. Just a few years ago, it would have been unusable. But now, those who follow the technology know that it has got considerably better.
Writing with your voice raises several interesting questions. How difficult is it actually? Human speech involves a lot more starting and stopping with errors and the need for repairing broken sentences than you may think. Even gifted speakers make mistakes. To turn the spoken word into reasonable writing requires lots of planning. You’ll need some kinds of notes or other organisers to make it work.
Another question turning speech into writing raises is the style. How would writing make the change that people speak their writing rather than type? Chances are that it would come up with many more short sentences and more concrete language, which is good. It would probably also rely on prepared phrases a lot more often, which is not available when you are speaking quickly.
To confirm this, a column was not written, but dictated (听写). It was composed from brief notes written down for structure only, and it was edited for length, with all of the original errors kept in. Here were the results. The first was that the literal accuracy was extremely high. There weren’t many cases wherethe software had heard one word incorrectly and written down another. But the other result was that the readability of this column was rather bad. Obviously, the blame is not with the technology at all, which turns out to be rather good. Speaking into writing relies on a better human brain than the one we currently possess. Writing is hard. There’s a reason it can’t be done at the speed of speech, in real time.
To clarify the matter, this time paragraph breaks were added after the whole writing. Punctuations (标点) had to be spoken aloud, and after a full stop, the first word in the new sentence was capitalized automatically. Some
minor punctuation marks were added to make it clearer. To improve accuracy, people “trained” the software beforehand, reading a prewritten passage aloud. Actually it turns out to be more effective. All of these ensure the satisfactory completion of turning speech into writing.
Language is the most important tool for human interaction, and voice is one beautiful part of language. With the maturity of modern technology, it has given birth to a great change in the human-computer voice interaction.
4. According to the passage, which helps to turn speech into writing in terms of style?
A. There is careful planning in advance.
B. Errors and broken sentences are avoided.
C. People type words as fast as they say them.
D. The writing contains more prepared phrases.
5. To achieve better results, the author mentions some changes for ______.
A. processing errors in a column.
B. adding minor punctuation marks.
C. increasing the number of brief notes.
D. integrating short paragraphs in writing.
6. The author suggests that ______.
A. human brains are responsible for poor dictated writing.
B. writing with voice promises to improve the quality of writing.
C. writing is an unnatural act that can hardly be learned and improved.
D. technology has a long way to go in the human-computer voice interaction.
7. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Why people fully intend to turn speech into writing.
B. What role voice technology plays in improving readability.
C. Where the human-computer voice interaction is at an advantage.
D. How voice technology enables the change from speech into writing.
C
Gerardo Ixcoy is a 27-year-old teacher in Guatemala. He teaches in the area where having electricity is something of a luxury and students have no access to mobile apps or computers, which became a problem when Guatemalan government had to choosedistance education for students at home because of COVID-19 inmid-March.
Gerardo Ixcoy felt that he had to teach those children living far from the digital world. After all, education is a universal right. But what was the solution?
Gerardo bought himself a secondhand tricycle with his savings. Once he had the tricycle, the next step was to change it into a classroom on wheels. He put a roof with a solar panel（太阳能电池板）on it, along with a screen to avoid the spread of COVID-19. He fixed a whiteboard on it so he could explain to the students the basics of primary education：math, the local language and the national language Spanish.
The purpose of the solar panelis to provide constant power for a small loudspeaker so he can teach from a distance. It's a matter of respecting the healthy distance required to be safe from the virus. He, the teacher, stays outside, and the student participates from his or her house.
He tries to visit his students at least twice a week, riding his classroom — cycle. The children he serves say that, although he visits them for only a few hours a week, they look forward to it. They appreciate his visit because they know he has limited time he can devote to them. They must take advantage of it to learn.
8. What happened to Gerardo Ixcoy's students because of COVID-19?
A. They chose to have classes in groups.
B. They had to stop all the classes.
C. They continued to have classes online.
D. They started to learn about computers.
9. Why does the teacher stay from a distance while teaching?
A. Because healthy distance is reqired.
B. Because he doesn't want to see his students.
C. Because he wants to show his authority.
D. Because the local custom reqiries him to.
10. Where did Gerardo Ixcoy teach his students?
A. In his own house.
B. In his student's house.
C. On the school playground.
D. Outside his student's house.
11. What can be the best title of the story?
A. Love breaks down barriers.
B. Hard work pays off.
C. Time is money.
D. Education is the key to success.
D
It was once considered an important status symbol ---but having a home phone is increasingly seen asa
white elephant. New figures show that one in five households no longer bother with a landline（固定电话），and almost a third of those that do never actually use it.
The vast majority of people who still have a home phone ——72 percent ——say they only have it because it is part of their broadband package.But that's not the only reason to desert the home phone - 20 percent of those surveyed said that they were fed up with the number of cold calls and would-be scammers（诈骗者）.
Digital media expert Dr. Elinor Carmi said there was a generational and social divide in phone use. She explained："If you,re young and have the mobility to go outside, you would rely on a mobile phone. But if you are older, disabled and perhaps poorer, our research shows you're more likely to use a landline. If you are richer, you will have access to more smart devices --- a smart TV, smartphone or laptop. But the poorer you are --- or if you are older, your use of these devices is more limited.”
Last year, research from regulator Ofcom found that the amount of time spent on landline calls annually in theUKhad halved over just six years, to 54 billion minutes. The new study also showed that more than a quarter of households have decided to find a broadband provider that does not charge for their unused landline, but only six percent have done so.
12. The underlined part “ a white elephant" in Paragraph 1 probably refers to something that is
A. costly but effective
B. useful and beautiful
C. expensive but useless
D. cheap and necessary
13. What's the main reason why some people still have a home phone?
A. Their broadband package contains it.
B. Their family can only afford to use it.
C. They are used to using a home phone.
D. They consider it an important status symbol.
14. Which of the following is more likely to use a landline?
A. A young adventurer.
B. An old poor gardener.
C. An outdoor photographer.
D. A famous indoor designer.
15. What's the best title of the text?
A. End of the landline?
B. Fed up with cold calls?
C. The history of phones
D. Different choices of phones
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
___16___.They cry when something terrible happens, like a death in the family. They cry when they feel very sad or very angry. They cry when they know they cannot do anything about a problem, and they feel helpless.
People also cry when they feel very good. They cry when they have been worried about something but find out everything is all right.___17___.
In the United States until lately, men were not supposed to cry. Crying was weak and only for women. Men were supposed to be strong.___18___. Men are beginning to realize that it is all right to show their feelings. Women are learning that sometimes they can do something about a problem instead of just crying. They try not to cry in a public place or in front of a frightened child.
___19___. They say the body produces two kinds of tears. One kind cleans out the eye if it gets dirt in it. But when people cry because of their feelings, these tears have poisonous chemicals in them. The body is getting rid of chemicals produced by strong feelings.
___20___. Doctors say heart disease and some other diseases are related to the pressure of living and working in modern society. Perhaps men suffer more from these diseases because they do not cry enough. And it is possible that as more and more women work outside the home, they will also suffer from more pressure. Then everyone will need to cry more.
A. Chemists have been studying why people cry.
B. They cry when something wonderful happens.
C. People cry when they feel very sad.
D. But things are changing.
E. Crying is very common for mankind.
F. In the United Sates, men have heart diseases more often than women do.
G. The pressure of living and working many contribute to some diseases.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
Any dog’s love can feel like a miracle(奇迹). Mason is a strong____21____, and he may be the kind one that can bring happy surprise on Earth. He____22____a storm last spring. His family thought he would be____23____there, but the storm broke the garage door and Mason____24____.
That day a lot of people____25____a lot. Mason’s family was____26____that they were just to be alive,____27____the storm had left their home broken. But they were____28____at the thought that their sweet friend had died. They____29____the neighbourhood, hoping to find him, but Mason didn’t______30______up.
Three weeks after the______31______, Mason’s family stopped by the house to collect some things that once______32______to them. There Mason sat on the front door, so______33______to see his family that his entire body was shaking. Where had Mason stayed during the storm? What did he eat for those long weeks? How did he______34______his way back home without any help from the others? There was no answer to those______35______and no time to think. Mason was thin and couldn’t stand well. The family quickly found the______36______and learned their dog had returned home on broken front legs. “He was______37______badly,” says Doster, who had spent days helping pets with their owners. He also got in touch with Dr. William, who______38______to perform the operation for free.
Mason was hurt so bad that he needed weeks to______39______. By the time he returned home to his family in September, he was jumping around like a______40______dog again. “It is really a miracle!” Doster says.
21. A. cat B. by C. dog D. horse
22. A. went through B. looked for C. died from D. fell into
23. A. safe B. lovely C. lonely D. brave
24. A. woke B. escaped C. disappeared D. starved
25. A. gained B. found C. enjoyed D. suffered
26. A. upset B. calm C. grateful D. dangerous
27. A. so that B. even though C. as if D. now that
28. A. honest B. certain C. special D. sorry
29. A. designed B. searched C. protected D. solved
30. A. get B. turn C. end D. pick
31. A. disaster B. miracle C. festival D. celebration
32. A. belonged B. went C. got D. fell
33. A. tired B. excited C. frightened D. determined
34. A. find B. decide C. prepare D. keep
35. A. stories B. reasons C. experiences D. questions
36. A. rest B. medicine C. result D. help
37. A. beaten B. hurt C. paid D. fixed
38. A. volunteered B. tried C. continued D. struggled
39. A. leave B. count C. recover D. develop
40. A. weak B. healthy C. clever D. hopeful
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
For the third year in a row, two sisters inNorth Carolinaare raising money___41.___(provide) meals for families that can’t afford a Thanksgiving dinner.
Last year Alex, 9, and Caroline, 6,___42.___(raise) enough money to provide Charlotte Rescue Mission (CRM) with 130 Thanksgiving Food Boxes and 50 ___43.___(turkey).
This year they will be able to provide CRM with meals for 200 local families.
“We want to give a huge, heartfelt thank you to everyone___44.___has helped Alex and Caroline and reach their goal of___45.___feed) 50 families in need this Thanksgiving,” mom Lisa Fischer wrote on GoFundMe. "$1,142___46.___(earn) through their hard work from their lemonade stands and bake sales so far, which puts them just shy of $5,000 with your generous donations!"
The Thanksgiving Food Boxes cost___47.___(fair) close to $20 each. They contain green beans, com, sweet yams, cranberry sauce, stuffing, rice, pie crust and filling, a baking pan, and a frozen turkey.
The Fischer family buys all the food from___48.___(they) local grocery store and packs___49.___boxes, too.
"We are hoping to recruit some help from the neighbors to pack the boxes this year, rent out a truck and deliver the food____50.____Nov. 23,” Lisa explained.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last week I notice a spider in my bathtub. I must admit its long legs were a little bit frightened. For the next few day, each time I was entered the bathroom, I would find it still in the bathtub. Then, it sudden occurred to me that the spider might have been trapped and unable to get out of the bathtub. So, I gathered my courage and was able to move them onto a small piece of string attached on my hairbrush. In end, I carried it safely to the window from that it made its way outside. I felt a great sense of joy in rescue the poor little fellow.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你校英文报将征集抗疫英雄事迹的稿件，请你写一篇关于武汉市金银潭医院院长——张定宇的短文，内容包括：
1.患有渐冻症；疫情期间，日夜坚守，果断决策；
2.2020年9月8日，被授予“人民英雄”国家荣誉称号；
3.体现了意志坚强，勇担重任的精神。

参考词汇：ALS渐冻症COVID-19 pandemic新冠疫情the national honorary title国家荣誉称号
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A Hero
Zhang Dingyu is president of the Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. D
5. B
6. A
7. D
8. B 9. A 10. D 11. A
12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A
16. C 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. F
21. C 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A 32.
A 33.
B 34. A 35. D 36. D 37. B 38. A 39.
C 40. B
41. to provide
42. raised 43. turkeys
44. who/that
45. feeding
46. has been earned
47. fairly 48. their 49. the 50. by/on
51.(1).notice→noticed
(2).frightened→ frightening
(3).day→ days
(4). was 去掉
(5). sudden→suddenly
(6). them→it
(7). on→ to
(8).In end 之间加the
(9).that→which
(10). rescue→rescuing
52.略。