2019版一轮复习英语外研版：必修八Module2TheRenaissance.doc

高考话题对接
文学与艺术之（五）一
文艺复兴话题下的语素积累Hua Ti Xia De Yu Su J i Lei 对知识
面的拓展要“广”
［一积词汇见多识广］
［课内单词回扣］
（一）阅读词汇写其义
1・antique adj.占时制造的 2.tentative aclj.不确泄的
3・ substitute n.代替物4,confidential adj.秘密的，机密的
5.squeeze v.榨出；挤出
6.frontier n.新领域
（二）表达词汇写其形
I.flee v.逃跑，逃掉2.appeal v.恳求；呼吁
3.loss n.丢失；丧失
4.circulate v.流传；传播
5. seek v.寻找；寻求
6.fundamental adj.根本的；基本的
7.debt n.债务；人情债8.merely adv.仅仅；只不过
9.passion n.激情，热爱lO.behalf n.方面；利益
II.blame n.（对错事或坏事应付的）责任
（三）拓展词汇灵活用
*1.gifted adj.有天赋的；有才华的〜gift n.天赋；礼物
2.calculate v.计算calculation n.计算（结果）-*calculator n.计算器;计算者
*3.suspect n.（犯罪）嫌疑人；可疑分子e.怀疑-*suspicious adj.可疑的
*4.disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的一disturbs打扰；扰乱-disturbed adjS$i恼的，不安
的
*5.basically °血基本上，本质上，大致说来f basic a/.基本的n.基本，要素f base’s基础VI.基于；以……为基础
".effect/?.效果；作用-* effective adj.有效的；实际的
*7.motivates.激发，激励motivationn.激起；动机；意图
8.inspire v.鼓舞,激励inspiration n.灵感，启示；鼓舞
9.skilled坳.有技巧的，熟练的一skill n,技能，技巧一skillful坳.灵巧的
10.profession n.职业f professional 何/.职业的
用上面标注寺的单词的正确形式填空
1 • The police suspecled that two of the suspects caught yesterday were connected with another case・ They were more suspicious/suspect)
2.Basically, his income only meets basic living expenses. So he only chooses a simple lifestyle based on his limited salary.(basic)
3.The drug has a bad efTecl on humans so the government should take cfTcclive measures to prevent it from spreading.(effect)
4.Most people think a certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation to life and it is generally accepted that people are motivated by success, (motivate)
5 • The disturbing news disturbed the family" s peaceful life and the family all felt disturbed, (disturb)
6.Even if you are a gifted man, you should not take your gift for granted・ Make full use of it and you 11 succeed.(gift)
［话题单词积累］
1.technique/tek'ni : k/川. 技巧
2.production/pra'dAkJ(9)n/ n.作品
3.reflection/iTflekJ(0)n/n.反映
4.background/'baekgraond/ n.背景
5.exhibition/eksFbiJ(g)n/n.展览；展览会
6・ display/dl'splel/n. &ut.展示；陈列
7.reflect/rrnekt/ v.反映
8.admire/od'mals/ v.赞美；钦佩
9.enter/'ents/ v.进入
10.satisfy/'saetlsfal/ v.满足
11.improve/Im^ru ：v/ v.改善；提高
12.appreciate/o'pri ：Beit/vr.鉴赏;感激
13.classic/'klicslk/adj.经典的
14.unique/ju : 'ni : k/ adj.独特的
15.abstract/'aibstreekt/ 必/.抽象的；深奥的
16.artistic/a i 'tlstlk/ adj.艺术的
17.cukural/'kAltJ(9)r(a)l/adj.文化的
18.various/'vearlas/adj.各种各样的
19.extraordinary/Ik'stro : d(9)n(9)ri/ adj.
非凡的
20.vivid/'vlvld/ cidj.生动的
21.visual/'vlsjool/ adj.视觉的
22.valuable/'V3eljo9b（0）l/ adj.有价值的
23.series/'slsri : z/ n.系列
24.studio/'stju i dlso/ n.画室
25.self-portrait/'selfpa: tr（e）it/ n.自画像
26.sketch/sketj/ n.草图；素描
27.painting^pelntlg//?.油画，水彩画
28.gallery/'gael（0）rl/ n.画廊
29.sculplure/'skAlptJs/ n.雕塑，雕刻
30.statue/'staetju : / n.塑像；雕像
31.workshop/'w3 : kfvp/ n.工作间
32.design/dl'zaln/ n. &ut.设计，图案
33.construct/kon'strAkt/vt.建设，建筑
34.construction/ksn'strAkJ（^）n/ 建造
35.magnificent/maeg'nifls（o）nt/ 必/.壮观的
36.splendid/'splendld/ adj.辉煌的；壮丽的
37.skyscraper/'skalskre i po/ n.摩天大楼
38.architect/'a : kltekt/ n.建筑师
［二积短语顿挫抑扬］
I课内短语回扣］
（一）根据汉语写出下列短语
1 .in_history 历史上
*2.depend on依靠，依赖；収决于（条件、情况）
3.leave_for出发去某地
4. ........................ tax on 收..... 的税，向课税
*5.leave slh. behind 把...... 抛在后面
*6.on_behalf_of 代表.....
7.get tired of_ （doing）_sth.厌倦（做）某事；厌烦（做）某事
8.at liberty获得自由的
*9.be thirsty for 渴求，渴望
*10.up to到（某个数量）
*ll」ead to导致，通向，通往
12.take up从事，开始做（某项工作）；占据
（二）用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子
1 • When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weathe匚
2.If you ask the fastest runner to make the pace, then most of them will be lefl behind.
3.On behalf of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.（2016•天津高考书面表达）
4.Long-time exposure to air pollution can lead_to physical changes in the brain・
5 • If you are thirsty for knowledge, then it is a good way to read a lot.
6. He finished the task ahead of time and his income totaled UD to 10.000 dollars this month.
1话题短语积累1
1. works of art 艺术品
2. true to life 逼真
3 ・ on exhibition/display 在展览
4. be open to ・••向.... •开放
5.range from ...to ...范围从...... 到....
6.apply…to…把 ..... 应用于 ....
7.sense of beauty 美感
8.on show 在展出中
9.abstract art 抽象艺术
10.show up 出现
11.be faced with 面对，面临
12.have an influence on … 对.... 有影响
13 • works appreciation 作品欣赏
14.for sale 待售
15.for free 免费
16.widen one* s horizons开阔某人的眼界
17.due to因为...... ；由于....
18.act as 充当
19.in short 总之
20.be acknowledged as 被公认为
21.enrich one，s life 丰富某人的生活
22.make full use of 充分利用
23 • make a living 谋生
［三积句式写作扮靓］
［课内句式仿写］
1・Sb./Sth> is believed to be/do…"某人/事被认为是/做
［例句］It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used・
［仿写］建造这座博物馆是为了纪念被认为发现了这座岛的探险家。

The museum is built in honor of the explorer who is believed to have discovered the island.
2.“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语
［彳列句］Painters discovered how to use perspective and the effects of light
［仿写］不知道下一步做什么，她停下来等着。

Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait.
3.where引导的从句作介词的宾语
H列句］So you can walk along a street for half an hour or so and end up five minutes from where you started・
［仿写］让我们从上次停的地方继续讲故事吧。

Lef s go on with our story from_where_w£_§toppcd last time.
［话题佳句背诵］
1 • Art is much less important than life, but what a poor life without it!
艺术远没有生活重要，但是没有艺术，生活是多么乏味啊！
2.The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their works.
这次展览为当地艺术家提供了展示自己作品的机会。

3.Most people invited to the opening ceremony were famous artists.
被邀请参加开幕式的大多数人是著名的艺术家。

［四背语段语感流畅］
In the past, a lot of art galleries in our country were not made full use of. On the one hand, visitors had to buy tickets to enter. On the other hand, many people were so busy al work to make a living, which left them little time to appreciate works of art.
However, things are quite different now. Since people，s living standards have improved, they，re eager to enrich their cultural life. Since all the art galleries were open to visitors for free at the end of 2012, it is more convenient for the public to enjoy various art works. It not only satisfies people's needs, but also helps them to have a better understanding of art.
在过去，我国的许多艺术画廊没有被充分利用。

一方面，游客不得不购买门票进入。

另一方而，许多人为了谋生忙于工作，这使他们很少有时间欣赏艺术作品。

然而，现在的情况有很大的不同。

既然人们的生活水平提高了，他们就渴望丰富口己的文化生活。

口从2012年底所有的艺术画廊都免费向游客开放以来，公众欣赏各种艺术作品更方便了。

它不仅满足了人们的需要，而且有助于他们更好地了解艺术。

话题下的教iM裏习
Hua Ti Xia De Jiao Cai Fu Xi 对知识点的掌握要“牢”
［笫一板块重点词汇突破］
［师生共研词汇］
1.effect n.效果；作用；影响
［高考佳句］These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since I ve begun using a smartphone.(2016-江苏高考)
口从我开始使用智能手机，互联网的这些影响变得更加惊人。

(1 )have an/no effect on 对 .... 有/ 没有影响
bring/put/carry ...into effect 实行，实施，使 ...... 生效
come/go into effect开始生效；开始实施
take effect 见效，生效，实施
in effect实际上；(规则、法律)有效/在实行中
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj.有效的
(3)affect v.影响
①The new law has _come_into effects surely it will have _an effect— on industry of the country.
这项新的法律已经开始生效了；它肯定会对这个国家的工业有影响。

©Generally speaking, when taken according to the directions, the drug has no side_effect.
一般来说，按照说明书来服药是不会有副作用的。

③Aspirin is a simple but highly cfTcclivc (effect) treatment.
阿司匹林药片治疗方法简便，效杲却非常显著。

2.seek v. (sought, sought)寻求，寻找；追求；探求，探索；试图
［高考佳句］From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.(2015-湖北高考短文写作)
通过这次经历我了解到质疑是帮助我们寻求真理的桥梁。

seek to do sth. (正式)试图做某事
seek one* s fortune 寻找发财(或成功)的机会
seek after/for 追求，寻求
seek out 挑选出；找出
©We seek to_find (find) a way to make us get along well with the people around us.
我们试图找到一种方法使我们和周围的人相处融洽。

②Many young people leave their hometown lo seek ihcir forlunc in big cities. 很多年轻人离
开家乡到大城市寻找成功的机会。

3.blame n.(对错事或坏事应付的)责任；过失。

.责备；谴気把 .......... 归咎于
［高考佳句］Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.(2017-全国卷III)
很多人觉得早上起床很困难并把责任归咎于闹钟。

(DDon，t always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to blame (blame).
不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人，有时该责怪的是你自己。

②The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accident and it was the lorry driver that should take the blame for it.
警方已经查明这起交通事故的起因，是那位卡车司机应为此负责。

4.inspire v.鼓舞，激励，鼓励，激发
［经典例句］He inspired many young people to take up the sport.
他激励了很多年轻人参加这项运动。

(1)inspire sb. to do sth.激励某人做某事
inspire sb. with sth. = inspire sth. in sb.
以……激励某人；激起某人的……
(2)inspired adj.品质优秀的；能力卓越的inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的inspiration n.
灵感
①His encouraging remarks inspired confidence in me.
-*His en couragi ng remarks inspired me with confide nee.
他鼓励的话语激起了我的信心。

②His speech was inspiring and touched everyone? s heart, which inspired all the people
present to work even harder later.(inspire)
他的演讲令人鼓舞，打动人心，鼓舞了在场的每个人今后更努力地工作。

③The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations (inspire) for great in ventions.(2017-北京髙考单选)
我们在日常生活屮遇到的小问题有可能是伟大发明的灵感。

［词汇过关练1
I.单句语法填空
1・ Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one to blame (blame).
2.When seeking (seek) for a job, a college graduate is at a disadvantage in terms of working experience ・
3.The government is appealing to everyone lo snve (save) waler.
4.With inspindion (inspire) from other food cultures, American food culture can take a tum for the bette 匚
5.Social networking is an important factor leading to business success・
6.She counts among the most gifted (gift) of the current generation of composers・
7.The doctor is_skilled (skill) at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good reputation.
8.Second, go outdoors and play team games with your friends as physical exercise, which is an effective (effect) way to get rid of your ange匚
9.He was always in debt when he was young but now he has become a millionaire・
10.(2017-浙江高考语法填空)She suspected (suspect) that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six 一had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn" t.
II.单句改错
1 • They motivated by the lecture so strongly that they were determined to learn well .motivated 前加were
2.As is known, a successful family education has a great effect in children，s growth.in—on
3 • The noise was so disturbed that he could not focus his attention on his studies .disturbedf disturbing
4. A man can fail many times, but he isn't a failure until he begins to put the blame for somebody else.for—on
5.The police suspected him carrying drugs so they went through his bag, but found nothing.him 后加of
III.单句写作(补全句子/ 一句多译/完成片段)
1.当地学校正在试图降低辍学率。

(seek (odo)
Local schools are_seeking_(o_reduce the dropout rate.
2.人应该追求知识和美德，不能像野兽那样活着。

(scekaflci*)
Man should seek after knowledge and virtue, but not just like an animal.
3.她把婚姻的失败归咎于她丈夫。

①She blamed_her_husban(l_for the failure ofLtheir marriage」blame sb. for sth.)
②She blamecL the failure ofLtheir mairizige on her husband.(blame sth. on sb.)
③She put/laid jthc blame for_thc_failure_of thcir_marriage on her husband.(put/lay the blame for sth. on sb.)
4 •演员们以他们的热情鼓舞着孩子们。

①The actors insDi「ed_lhe_kids_wi(hjtheir_enthusiasm.(inspire sb. with sth.)
②The actors insDired_lheir_enthusiasm_in_the_kids.(inspii・e sth. in sb.)
5.用effect短语完成下面语段
The new traffic rules ①came_into_effect (开始实施)on January 1,2015. Now, they are beginning to ②take effect (见成效).③In effect (事实上),they ⑷have an effect on (对....... 有影响)people5 s life in many ways besides people's focus on road safety.
［第二板块短语、句式突破］
1.depend on依靠，依赖；取决于(条件、情况)
［经典彳列句］The limits of a pers on's intelligence, gen erally speaking, are fixed at birth, but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
通常来说，一个人的智力极限出生时就己经决定了，但他是否能够达到极限取决于他的生活环境。

①I know we can depend on her to_deal/dealing (deal) with the tough situation.
我知道我们可以依赖她来应对这种棘手的形势。

②Don't worry・ You can depend on/upon it that he' 11 turn up on time・ He always keeps his promises.
别担心，你可以相信他会進吋ill现的，他总是信守诺言。

［名师指津］rely on, depend on/upon, see to等词后用that从句作宾语时，必须先用it 作形式宾语。

2.leave sth. behind 把 ...... 抛在后面；遗留
［高考佳句］I grew anxious: What if the family had simply left the cat behind ? (2015-重庆
我变得担忧起来：要是家里把猫落下怎么办?
©The editors decided to leave out this chapter to make the book shorte匚
编辑们为了让这本书更精简决定删除这个章节。

②I met Professor Green in the street the other day and he told me he would soon leave for Britain.
儿天前我在街上遇见了格林教授，他告诉我他不久将出发去英国。

3.Painters discovered ho、v_to_use perspective and the effects of light ・・・
画家们发现了如何使用透视法和光线的效果……
句中how to use ...为"特殊疑问词(含从属连词whether) +不定式”结构，在句中作宾语，该句可以转换成—个宾语从句：Painters discovered how they could use perspective and the effects of light...
①I'm wondering who_to_tum_to for help.
我在想该找谁帮忙。

②How_to_ give_advice in_ English is what I am trying to learn.
我正在努力学习如何用英语提建议。

©Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how to survive without friends.
也许最艰难的挑战就是没有刖友应该怎样生存。

©There were so many toys that he didn* t know which_one_to_choose.
有太多的玩具可供选择以至于他不知道该选哪一个了。

［短语、句式过关练］
I •选词填空
Wasn* t it the icy road rather than the drivers that was lo blame for the series of traffic accidents?
2.Deer Elk, suspected of conducting a series of deadly bombings in Algiers last year, was arrested by the police last week・
3.Never get_tired_of doing little things for others. Sometimes those things occupy the biggest part of their hearts・
4.There is only one of the oldest customs that has been kept in this district up_to now・
5.While shopping, you should make your own decision. You cannot simply deDend on what is advertised on TV.
6.The chairman signed the document on_behal［of the company.
7.We' re sure that the measures will lead to a large increase in our production.
8.There are so many books! It is not easy for us to decide which to take and which to leave behind ・
9.When did you take up Spanish as a second foreign language?
10・ The boy was in such an anxious rush when he left for school that he left his key inside the house.
Il .补全句子/句型转换/完成小语段
1.我已长大，可以独自生活了，我将不再依靠我父亲了。

r ve been old enough to live on my own and I’ 11 no longer depend on my father.
2.此外，我们应该学习如何与他人相处。

In addition, we should learn how to get along well with others.
3.何时何地举行下一届城市运动会述没定下来。

When_and_where_lo_holcLthe_next_city_SDorts_meeting has not been decided.
4.You can depend on him to finish the difficult task on time.
— You can deDend_on/uDon_itJhat he，11 finish the difficult task on time.
5.We planned （Dtojeave_for （离开去）the station early so as to catch the first train. So please call me when you leave; don't ②leave_me_behind （把我落下）.Besides, please ③leave the note to （把便条交给）our monitor.
［课堂双线提能］课堂一刻钟演练，实现教材与高考的对接
提能一用课文词汇写高分作文
补全要点句（“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语）
①李明有绘画天赋，最近代表学校参加了绘画比赛。

他渴望获奖。

Li Ming is gifted at drawing・ Recently he participated in a painting competition
on behalf of his school and he was thirsty for a prize.
②他的作品以“和平”为主题，呼吁人们珍爱和平，铭记历史。

The subject of his work is "peace"， which appeals to people to cherish peace and remember history.
③评委们认为他的作品过于沉闷，缺乏激情。

The judges reckoned that his work was too dull and lacked Dassion.
④李明没有获奖，这让他很不安。

Li Ming didn，t win the prize, which disturbed him a lot.
⑤老师不但没有责备他，而是激励他追求艺术的真谛，不要讣这次失败对他产生消极的影响。

His teacher not only did not blame him, but also inspired him to seek after the true meaning of art and not let this failure have “ negative effect on him.
⑥在通往艺术的道路上李明还有很长的路要走。

Li Ming still has a lot to do on the way leading to the art.
2.升级平淡句
把句①改为含定语从句的复合句
Li—Ming, who is_gifted at_d「awing, recently pailicipated in 4 painting comDetition on behalf of his school and 艇was thirsyfor Q prize.
3.衔接成语篇（注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however, so, to one's relief, in effect）
Li Ming, who is gifted at drawing, recently participated in a painting competition on behalf of his school and he was thirsty for a prize・The subject of his work is “peace", which appeals to people to cherish peace and remember history・However，the judges reckoned that his work was too dull and lacked passion. So Li Ming didrf t win the prize, which disturbed him a lot. To his relief, his teacher not only did not blame him, but also inspired him to seek after the true meaning of art and not let this failure have a negative effect on him. In effect, Li Ming still has a lot to do on the way leading to the arl・
提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句［本单元突破点——状语复杂的简单句1
话题下的Hua Ti Xia De Gao Kao Yan Jiu
7对高考的把握要“准”
“文艺复兴”的概念在14〜16世纪时己被意大利的人文主义作家和学者所使用。

文艺复兴着重表明了新文化以古典为师的一面，但它并非单纯的古典复兴，实际上是反封建的新文化的创造。

文艺复兴主要表现在科学、文学和艺术的普遍高涨，但因各国的社会经济和历史条件不同，在各国带有各自的特征。

在历年的高考题中，有关此话题的题目通常出现在听力、阅读理解、完形填空、书面表达题中。

一、话题与语篇
[考题示例] （2015•重庆高考阅读E）
[1]The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism （相对主义）,are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of ail to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries・
[2]History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world・ It is never rare to find that 砂
卫@血嫔TJtois’gqllcrb》Unique works of this kind are different from today1 s popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future・
[3JIn a 1757 essay，the philosopher David Hume argued that because "the general principles of taste are uniform 变白勺）in human nature, ”
He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years
・ Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries・
[41Now researchers are apolyinescienti fic methods to the study of the universality of arl. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by liteniry scholars to explain the long-lasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before・ Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as
permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist・
1 • According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism?
A.It introduces different cultural values.
B.It explains the history of artistic works.
C・ Il relates artistic values to local conditions.
D・ It excites the human mind throughout the world.
2.In Paragraph 2, the artists are mentioned in order to show that _______ ・
A. great works of art can go beyond national boundaries
B・ history gives art works special appeal to set them apart
C・ popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great arts
D・ great artists are skilled at combining various cultures
3.According to Hume, some works of art can exist for centuries because ______
A.they are results of scientific study
B.they establish some general principles of ail
C・ they are created by the world's greatest artists
D・ they appeal to unchanging features of human nature
4.Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?
A. Are Artistic Values Universal?
B • Are Popular Arts Permanent?
C・ Is Human Nature Uniform?
D・ Is Cultural Relativism Scientific?
［策略指导］
（一）这样读文
步：宏观把握文章大意
第
第2步：微观突破理解障碍
In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because "the general principles of taste are uniform （不变的）in human nature, ” the value of some works of art might be essentially pennanent.
［句式分析］句中that引导宾语从句，其中because引导状语从句，the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent 是宾语从句的主句。

［自主翻译］在1757年的一篇论文中，哲学家人卫•休谟认为，因为“在人类本性方面审美的一般原则是不变的”，那么一些艺术作品的价值可能在木质上是永恒的。

（二）这样做题
［名师解题］
1.细节理解题。

选C 题干中的“cultural relativism"是关键词，答案可以锁定在第一段第一句"...simply reflections of local social and economic conditions."文化相对主艾认为，艺术作品的价值在于能够反映当地的社会和经济状况。

换句话说，艺术作品的价值在于它们与当地的情况息息相关。

2.推理判断题。

选A 第二段主要是通过举例说明的手法来说明第一段最后一句观点的真实性。

第一段最后一句说，“然而，这种观点不能解释一些艺术作品能够穿越文化和时间使人的思维兴奋起来。

”第二段所举的例子中提到莎士比亚、莫扎特，还提到日本的画家安籐广重，这些都与A项的“go beyond national boundaries （超越国界）”相匹配。

3.细节理解题。

选D 根据题干中的Hume可将答案锁定在第三段。

本段主要引用哲学家大卫•休谟的话来说明艺术作品的价值所在。

D项的unchanging features与本段最后一句中的"unvarying features"匹配。

4.标题归纳题。

选A 文章的标题往往也是文章主旨大意的概括，或与主旨相关。

本文第一段开篇点题，围绕艺术作品的价值进行讨论，由此可知应该选择A项。

［阅读理解系列技法32］“四步法”巧解I'可接细节理解题
I'可接细节理解题并非对原文内容进行直接提问，而是对原文相关的信息进行语意上的转换。

常见的题干是利用原文情节屮的因果、类比、时间、空间等关系进行设置的。

在实际解题过程屮，常用的解题步骤是：
第一步，找到关键词：从题干和选项中找出能定位原文信息的特征词作为关键词。

第二步，返冋原文：通过关键词定位原文信息。

笫三步，精细阅读：结合题干和选项对原文信息进行精细阅读。

第四步，加工提炼：对原文信息进行加工处理，通过语意转换、归纳总结等手段并与备选项进行匹配对比，确定正确答案。

例如上文第1题为间接细节理解题。

题干屮的“cultural relativi sm^关键词，根据此关键词可以定位
到第一段的第一句"...simply reflections of local social and economic conditions?5 即艺术作品的价值在于能够反映当地的社会和经济状况。

换句话说，艺术作品的价值在于它们与当地的状况联系在了一起。

C项Tt relates artistic values to local conditions^^是第一段第一
句的语意转换。

（三）这样积累
1・ artistic adj.艺术的2.cukural adj.文化的
3.reflection n.反映
4.unique adj.独一无二的
5.admire vt.欣赏
6.feature n.特点
7. works of art 艺术品S.apply ...to ...把.......... 应用于....
二、话题与写作
［考题示例］（2015•北京高考）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。

请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍在“传统文化进校园”活动屮，向面人艺术家学习捏面人的过程，并以U A Day with a Craftsman^^为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件。

注意：词数不少于60。

提示词：一个面团a piece of dough
面人dough figurine
［写作规范］
第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分
1.令人惊奇的amazing
2.热烈的欢迎a warm welcome
3.基本的步骤和技能basic_steDS_ and「skills
4.聚精会神地attentively
5.耐心地patiently
6.活动activity
第二步：列全要点、写对句子保基本分
1.上个星期二，我们班邀请一位老艺人来教我们如何制作而人，那真的是一次令人惊奇的经历。

Last Tuesday, our class invited an old craftsman to teach us_ how io make dough figurines and it was really an amazing experience.
2.当艺人进入教室，我们给予他热烈的欢迎。

When the craftsman came_into the classroom, we gave warm welcome.
3.与此同时，两个男孩紧跟在他后面，主动提供及时的帮助，帮他拿工具箱。

Meanwhile, two boys offered timely help, carrying the tool box after him.
4.我们站在他周围，聚精会神地看着。

We stood around him and watched attentively.
5.看着这些面人，我们都感到非常兴奋。

Looking at the figurines, we were all very excited・
第三步：句式升级、打造亮点得高分
1.用非限制性定语从句升级句1
Last Tuesday, out class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to makq dough *gu rines—which_was_really_an amazing experience・
2.用hardly ... when高级表达升级句2
Hardly_had_the_craftsman_come_-into_the_classroom_when_we_gave_him_a_warm_welco me.
第四步：过渡衔接、润色成文创满分
A Day with a Craftsman
Last Tuesday, our_class invited an_old cniftsman to teach_us_how to make dough_figii rines,—which_was—really an_amazing experience・
Hardly had the craftsman come into the classroom when wc gave him a warm weleo me. Meanwhile、Iwo boys ofTered limely help、carrying lhe lool box afler him. Firsl, he s howed us lhe basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We_ sloocLaround him and watched attentively. Then we started to have @_tiy by ourselves. The old man walked ar oimd_and_helped_us_patiently・_Finally,_we_put_the_figurines_we_made_0n_the_table_and_too
k_pictures_with_thc_old_craftsmaiL_Looking_at_the_Hgurines,_we_were_all_veiy_excited ・We_hope_wc can_have_more_achvities_of_this_kind!
［单元检测•高考提能1
The Blind Side is a compelling （吸引人的）movie that tells the true story of Michael Oher, a homeless young man who is welcomed into a Christian fcimily. Michael, now a
senior in high school, ends up living on the streets with no belongings and no real hope・Leigh Ann® a wealthy mom, discovers Michael and welcomes him into her family. They put Michael in a private high school. At first, the school is reluclanl to take Michael in because of his poor academic record・ However, the coach accepts him.
Michael slowly learns to trust Leigh Anne, and her family accepts him. Michael, who is typically quiet and withdrawn, very slowly begins to open up to them and even starts to smile・When Michaef s grades improve, he joins the football team・ Being a very large and strong young man, Michael is given the job of blocking for the quarterback （四分卫）.At first Michael, who's never played football before, is not aggressive enough. In fact, it turns out that the coach was hoping that a boy from “the streets^ would be violent. However, Leigh Anne understands Michael and remembers that he had scored high on "protectiveness^ on a school test. She helps Michael see that protecting the quarterback is like protecting her or protecting the family. This change in view turns Michael into a star player.
The Blind Side is an encouraging movie with fine storytelling. The directing in The Blind Side is fantastic・ Also, the story carries great emotional depth.
There is a very strong message of faith in The Blind Side・ IF s very clear that Leigh Anne helps Michael because she thinks it，s the right thing to do. All in all, the message of faith and hope in The Blind Side is very clear, and the movie is extremely moving・
语篇解读：本文是一则影评。

文章是对电影《弱点》的评论。

1 • The underlined word "reluctant^ in Paragraph
2 can be replaced by “ _______ 【
A.glad
B. curious
C・ unwilling D. determined
解析：选C 词义猜测题。

由画线词后面的"because of his poor academic record"以及"However"可知，起初学校并不愿意接收迈克尔•奥赫，故reluctant意为“不情愿的"。

2. In the movie The Blind Side, Michael Oher ________ ・
A. is turned down by the school
B・ seems to be a born star football player
C・ is a silent, hopeless and violent young man
D・ has an appearance that doesn" t agree with his character
解析：选D 细节理解题。

由第三段中的''typically quiet and withdrawn^以及第四段中的"Being a very large and strong young marT和the coach was hoping that a boy from 'the streets J would be violent n可知，迈克尔•奥赫的外表与他的性格不符。

3 • It can be inferred from Paragraph
4 that Leigh Anne_______ ・
A.is able to read Michaef s mind
B.is not satisfied with Michaef s coach
C・ knows Michael is in need of protection
D. encourages Michael to be a great quarterback
解析：选A 细节理解题。

由第四段中的"However, Leigh Anne understands Michael…is like protecting her or protecting the family."可知，莉•安妮非常了解迈克尔•奥赫，并帮助他成为一名出色的橄榄球运动员。

4.What，s the author，s attitude towards the film?
A.It is worth seeing・
B.It is fun but unrealistic・
C・ There" s no film worse than it.
D・ There，s room for improvement.
解析：选A 推理判断题。

由最后两段的描述可知，作者认为这是一部非常好的、令人振奋的、感人的电影，值得一看。

B
From fist bumps to air quotes, these moves had to start somewhere・
1.The fist bump
The fist bump received its 15 minutes of fame when the former President Barack Obama knocked fists with his wife Michelle during a televised presidential campaign speech. Some credit the move to Baseball Hall of Famer Stan Musial, who bumped fists instead of shaking hands to avoid catching colds・ But it" s more likely that the gesture took off during the Vietnam War, where it was one of a number of greetings popularized by African American soldiers.
2.The high five
The high five's origin is contested, but it certainly got a boost （宣扬）in 1977 from Glenn Burke, the outfielder for the Los Angeles Dodgers, a professional baseball team. When teammate Dusty Baker hit his 30th home run on the last day of the regular season, Burke couldn" t contain his excitement. As Baker crossed home plate, Burke excitedly threw his arm in the ai匚Not knowing what to do, Baker lifted his arm, too. They slapped palms （击掌），and the move swept the clubhouse ・
3.The wheelie （后轮平衡特技）
Daniel Canaiy bought his first penny-farthing bike （a type of bicycle with a large front wheel and a much smaller rear wheel） while working as a telegraph messenger and quickly became a local celebrity. In 1890, Canary dealt with the bike doing a wheelie at Niagara Falls. As the Chicago。