新概念英语第二册Lesson69课堂讲义

新概念英语第二册Lesson69课堂讲义
1.murder
commit a murder
murder sb →assassinate v. 暗杀（政治宗教人物）
murderer n.
murder = spoil
* She murdered the song / the whole work . 她的歌唱得太糟了/她毁了全
部的工作
2.instruct
(1)指导= teach sb a skill ,a school subject etc
instruct sb in driving / swimming
Instructor / instruction
(2)吩咐，指示give orders to sb
instruct sb to do
I instructed them to keep the door locked.
3. acquire
(1) = gain sth by efforts esp. through a long period of time
To acquire knowledge of history / math
To acquire a degree
To acquire a good habit
(2)
An acquired taste = thing that one learns to like gradually * Abstract art is an acquired taste .
4. confidence
Self-confidence
5. examiner
考生Examinee /candidate
6.suppose
(1)= if
Suppose you had a million pound , how would you spend it ?
(2)= think / believe
I suppose you are right .
(3)*be supposed to do = be required to do , be expected to do
We are supposed to be here before dark . 我们应在天黑前赶到那
* (口) be supposed to do = be allowed to do
You are not supposed to smoke here.
7.tap
tap (on) sth
She tapped him on the shoulder.
Tap dance
Turn off / on the tap (=faucet)
8.react
How did he react to the news ? What is his reaction to the news?
chemical reaction
nuclear reaction
9.brake
The brake of my bike failed
Put on the brake 踩刹车
brake light刹车灯(one of the red lights at the back of a motor vehicle,
that light up when the brakes are used)
Laziness acts as a brake to progress. 懒惰阻碍进步
10.pedal
n. a pedal boat 脚踏船
a loud / soft pedal 钢琴的强/弱音踏板
v．pedal the bicycle
pedal bin
11.mournful
(1) mournful music
A mournful look / smile
(2) mourn v.
mourn sb’s death
mourn for sb
(3) mourning 丧服–黑色或暗色
【New words and expressions】
★acquire v. 取得，获得，学到（知识、技术、语言等），养成（习惯等）
Mary acquired a good knowledge of Chinese in five years’time.
acquire a habit of doing sth. 养成……的习惯
Tom acquired a habit of smoking.
acquire confidence 获得信心
【课文讲解】
1、I was being tested for a driving licence for the third time.
a driving licence 驾驶执照
For:次数，目的
2、I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully.
heavy adj. 大量的，多的，密集的
Traffic is heavier on this road than on the other one.
3、The examiner must have been pleased with my performance, for he smiled and said, 'Just one more thing,Mr. Eames. Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. As soon as I tap on the window,you must stop within five feet.'
must have been表示对过去的事情的猜测
performance n. 表现，表演，工作情况
be pleased with 对……满意
They are pleased with his work.
The mana ger isn’t very pleased with his secretary.
let us suppose that…让我们假设……
Let us suppose that there is a forest fire.
4.After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.
在接到把车开出城的指,令后，我开始有了信心。

After having been instructed to drive out of town：动名词的完成被动having been done
After I have been invited to a party,
After having been invited to the party, I bought a new dress.
Instruct 表示“指示” 时用instruct sb to do sth
I instructed him to come to work earlier.
在表示“指导、教” 时句型为instruct sb in sth
They instructed me in the best ways of doing the job.
5.I continued driving and after some time, the examiner tapped loudly.
我继续往前开着。

过了一会儿，主考人砰砰地敲了起来。

continue to do 继续做另一件事情（已经完成一件工作）
After he finished reading a novel, he continued to play games with his friends.
他读完小说后跟朋友们继续玩游戏。

continue doing 继续做同一件事（还没完成）
After a rest, he continues his reading.
稍事休息后，他继续看书。

6、The examiner looked at me sadly. 'Mr. Eames,' he said, in
a mournful voice, 'you have just killed that child!'
in a …voice 以……的声调
in a mournful voice 用悲伤的声调
He told them the news in a sad/excited voice.
【Key structures】
被动语态
被动语态可以用于“介词+动名词”结构中，在英语中是很正式的用法，一般不用于口语。

“介词（after，before，on）+动名词”这个结构通常相当于一个时间状语从句。

如果两个动作中有一个在另一个开始之前已经完成，则可以用“after +动名词的完成式”表示第一个动作；如果只表示先后顺序，则可用“after/before+动名词”结构；“on +动名词”通常表示两个动作几乎同时发生：
The man called the police after being robbed.
He killed a child before being arrested.
On/After being told that her mother was seriously ill, she hurried back to England.
被动语态用于want 后面的不定式中时，to be 可以省略，want 后跟被动语态时往往表示希望别人完成所说的动作：
I want the luggage fetched from the hotel this afternoon.
被动语态还可用于过去进行时，以强调动作的持续性：
I was being asked about the film all day yesterday.
【Special Difficulties】
Practice and Advice
practice n.（反复的）练习，实践，实行
Your spoken English will improve with practice.
Have they put their plan into practice? 他们把计划付诸实施了吗？
practise vt.& vi. 练习，经常做
Jimmy used to practice (playing) football every afternoon.
She practises on the piano for three hours every day.
advice n. 忠告，劝告，建议（不可数名词）
She gave me some good advice / a piece of advice about jobs.
advise vt.& vi. 劝告，向……提供提议
She advised me against going to the party. 她建议/劝我不要去参加聚会。

Enjoy, Entertain and Amuse
enjoy vt. 欣赏，喜爱，享受……之乐（后跟名词、动名词或反身代词，用于主动语态）I enjoy swimming in summer.
We’re really enjoying ourselves.
entertain vt. 款待，招待，请客；使……快乐，给……娱乐（=amuse）
We often entertain friends at weekends.
Uncle Sam entertains/amuses the children for hours at a time.
萨姆叔叔一连好几小时地逗孩子们乐。

My children can entertain/amuse themselves for hours with telling stories to each other. amuse vt. 逗乐，逗笑（常用于被动语态）
She was amused by her father’s funny stories.
His story amused the children very much.
[特殊难点]
enjoy, entertain, & amuse
a)enjoy 指从某种活动或事物中得到欢乐，宾语始终是活动或事物：
I am almost beginning to enjoy my test.
We enjoyed ourselves a the party.
b)entertain “招待、款待,让人娱乐”
He entertained everybody wit his tricks.
c) amuse “逗…笑，给…娱乐”，比entertain更常用，两者的宾语都只能是人：
The children were amused by the circus clown.
The child can amuse himself for hours playing in the sand.
kill & murder
kill 是个笼统的动词，表示“使(任何植物或生物) 死亡”The cold weather killed our tomato plants. murder 表示“蓄意谋杀”，它的宾语只能是人：
She was sent to prison for murdering her husband.。