科技英语写作高级教程参考答案完整

练习1
II冠词
1.Dr. Emmet graduated from Harvard University in 2001.（Emmet博士2001年毕业
于哈弗大学）
2.Professor Li earned his Ph.D. degree in mechanical engineering from the Xi’an
University of Technology in 1988.（李教授1998年在西安理工大学获得机械工
程博士学位）
3.Now we shall turn to the discussion of local area networks.（现在我们转向（turn
to）讨论一下局域网）
4.The Bainbridge mass spectrometer is as important an instrument as the optical
spectrometer.（质谱仪是与光谱仪一样重要的仪器）
5.How long a time [或How much time] is required to this experiment?（做这个实验
需要多长时间？）
6.An increase in pressure always causes a decrease in volume.（压力的增加总会引
起体积的减少）
7.Fig. (2-5) shows what is expressed by Eq. (2-2).（图（2-5）画出了式（2-2）所表
示的情况）
8.The unit of inductance is the henry.（电感的单位是亨利）
III、改错
1.The UASMA protocol employs a unique frame structure.（UASMA协议采用了
独特的帧结构）
2.Finally, a broad stepped impedance transformer is designed by this method.（最
后，用这种方法设计了宽带阶梯阻抗变换器）
3.Dynamic analysis and evaluation of the security of a proactive secret sharing
system（先应秘密共享系统安全性的动态分析和评估）
4.The approach can be applied to the one-dimensional potential barrier with an
arbitrary profile.（该方法适用于任意形状的一维势垒）
5.We propose a numerical method based on Newton’s iterative method.（我们提出
了一种基于牛顿地带发的数值方法）
练习2
1. This circuit consists of a battery, an inductor and a capacitor.（该电路是由一个电池、一个电感器和一个电容器组成）
2. Compute the electric fields at points a, b, and c.（试计算在a、b、c三点处的电场。

）
3. This satellite is used for communications between the United States and Great Britain, France and Italy.（这颗卫星用于美国与英国、法国、意大利之间的通讯）
4. We assume that the antenna is vertical and that its loss is zero.（我们假设该天线是垂直的，并且其损耗为0）
5. Chapters 6, 7, and 8 deal with transmission lines.（第6、7、8章论述传输线）II、将下列句子译成英语，注意正确使用数词
1. Its error is six parts in 101
2.（其误差为千亿分之六）
2. This computer stores four times more information than that one (does).（这台计算机存储的信息比那台多3倍）
3. The demand for this kind of equipment in the near future will be 20 times what it is.（不久的将来对这种设备的需求量是现在的20倍）
4. The voltage across this component is a few tenths of a volt.（这个元件上的电压为零点几伏特）
5. Now its internal pressure is one sixteenth what it was.（现在其内部压力是原来的十六分之一）
III、改错
1. This object is over five times heavier than that one is.（这个物体比那个物体重4倍多）
2. Unless otherwise stated, it is assumed that silicon transistors are used and that I CBO can be neglected.（除非另有说明，我们假设使用的是硅管、I CBO可以忽略不计）
3. This circuit has the advantages of simple structure and easy adjustment.（这个电路的优点是结构简单、容易调整）
4. Figs. 1, 2, and 3 show this process in detail.（图1、2、3详细地画出了这个过程）
5. For further information, consult references [3, 5, 9].（对于进一步信息，参见文献[3]、[5]、[9]）
练习3
I、将下列句子译成英语，注意正确使用介词
1. This new type of computer has many advantages over the general type.（这种新型计算机与普通计算机相比有许多优点）
2. It is not difficult to solve this differential equation for the unknown quantity.（解这个微分方程把未知量求出来并不难）
3. Of these five new chapters, the first one deals with the basic principles of negative feedback.（在这新的五章中，第一章论述负反馈的基本原理）
4. At this point/time, current differs in phase from voltage by 90o.（这时，电流与电压相位（phase）相差90°）
5. By analyzing [By the analysis of] the parameters of the instrument, we can understand its performance.（通过分析该仪器的参数，我们就能了解它的性能）
6. We will find out its average velocity over this distance.（我们要求出它在这一距离上的平均速度）
7. The science of electronics is too important in the world today. （电子学这门科学在现今世界太重要了）
8. They solved this problem with great difficulty.（他们极为困难的解出了这道题）II、画线部分用介词短语表示
1. For x＞1, there is no solution to this equation [this equation has no solution].
2. Upon [On] substituting [substitution of] these values into [in] the equation, we
obtained the following expression.（在把这些代数带入该方程后，我们得到了下面的表达式）
3. This circuit is similar in operation to that of Fig. 1-10.（这个电路的工作情况类似
于图1-10 的电路）
4. This computer is very good in performance.（这台计算机的性能很好）
5. These waves travel only in one direction.（这些波只向一个方向传播）
III、改错
1. This paper presents a new method for the recognition of radar targets.（本文提
出了雷达目标的一种新的识别方法）
2. The influence of the moving state of the target on the tracking accuracy of the EKF
is great.（目标的运动状态对EKF的跟踪精度影响是非常大的）
3. Another comsat was launched on the morning of the 8th of October.（在10月8日
早上又发射了一颗通信卫星）
4. V oltage is measured in volts.（电压时用伏特来度量的）
5. They will leave for Beijing to attend an international conference on mobile
communication.（他们将赴北京参加移动通信国际会议）
练习4
1. The force acts perpendicular to the surface of the table.（该力垂直于桌面作用）
2. The three coefficients here remains to be determined.（这里的三个系数有待于确定）
3. The two equations below will be often (frequently) used in later chapters/in the chapters which follow.（下面的两个式子在后面几章将会经常用到）
4. Here we use two metal balls 10 cm apart.（这里我们使用相距10厘米的两个金属球）
5. The output remains/stays constant/unchanged/fixed/unaltered/the same. （输出保持不变）
6. All the textbooks available discuss this problem.（现有的教科书均讨论了这一问题）
7. Accurate in operation and high in speed, computers have found wide applications.（计算机由于运算准确、速度快而得到了广泛的应用）
8. The answer to this problem looks correct.（这个题的答案看起来是正确的）
9. Two parallel wires a distance (of)δapart carry the current i.（两根相距为δ的平行导线有电流i）
10. The problem now is how to measure the voltage across this component.（现在的问题
是如何测量这个元件上的电压）
11. These data will be sent to the computing center 2 kilometers away.（这些数据将传送到2千米外的计算中心）
12. Upon rearranging the equation above, we have [get, obtain] the following expression.（对上面的那个方程整理之后，我们得到下面的表达式）
13. These charges can interact with other charges present.（这些电荷能与存在的其他电荷相互作用）
14. Forces can be transmitted without contact, contrary to the common belief.（力可以没有接触而传递，这与普通的观念相反）
15. This coefficient is typically 0.35.（这个系数的典型值为0.35）
II、改错
1. In this case, the input does not fall; nor [neither] does the output. […; the output does not fall, either.]（在这种情况下。

输入并不下降，输出也不下降）
2. The resistance of a conductor depends not only on the material of which the conductor is made, but also on the size and temperature of the conductor.（导体的电阻不仅取决于制成导体的材料，而且取决于导体的尺寸和温度）
3. These scientists are very interested in this topic.（这些科学家们对该论题很感兴趣）
4. This parameter can hardly be measured.（这个参数几乎不能测出来）
5. In this laboratory, this instrument is more expensive than any other one/ any one else.（在这个实验中，这台仪器比其他任何一台都贵）
6. The features of this device are small size and light weight.（该设备的特点使体积小、重量轻）
练习5
I、画线部分用短语表示
1. This equation can be solved in either of the following two ways/the two ways which follow.（这个方程我们可以用以下两种方法的任何一种来求解）
2. This baseball will soon come to rest because of its interaction with the ground.（这个棒球不久会停下来，是因为它与地面相互作用的缘故）
3. Our choice of this coefficient as 1 is correct.（我们把这个系数选为1是正确的）
4. From its definition as the ratio of a force to a length, we can see that k has the same unit as work (does).（从把它定义为力与长度之比，我们可以看出k具有与功相同的单位）
5. Our analysis of the machine is of great significance.（我们对该机器的分析是很有意义的）
6. This facilitates their use in circuit analysis.（这有助于把他们用在电路分析中）II、画线部分用名词或名词短语表示
1. This police car is equipped with a receiver the size of a matchbox. （这辆警车装备了像火柴盒那样大小的接收机）
2. Wires one hundredth the diameter of a silk thread are used to connect these components. （人们使用一根丝线（silk thread）的百分之一那样粗细（diameter）的导线（wire）来连接这些部件）
3. We must water cool these equipments/devices. （我们必须对这些设备进行水冷却）
4. In the past, telephone calls were operator connected.（在过去，电话是靠接线员（operator）来连接的）
5. AC can be changed/turned/converted/transformed/translated into/to DC, a process called/known as/referred to as rectification.（交流电可以被转换成直流电，这一过程被称为整流（rectification））
6. A magnet attracts iron materials, a familiar phenomenon.（磁铁（magnet）能吸引铁质材料（iron material），这是大家熟悉的现象）
7. Computers are capable of processing information, a process that previously could be accomplished only inside our heads.（计算机能够处理信息，而这一过程以前只能在我们头脑里完成）
8. An instrument for measuring current, voltage, and resistance, the multimeter is widely used in electrical engineering.（万用表是测量电流、电压、电阻的仪表，它广泛的用在电器工程中）
III、翻译
1. Secs. 1.1 and 1.2 will discuss several other problems.（在1.1和1.2节将讨论其它几个问题，sec.）
2. Problems are listed/given on pp. 1-5.（习题列在第1-5页上）
3. In the equations above, all h’s are the hybrid parameters.（在上面的几个式子中，所有的h都是混合参数）
4. The mass of the standard pound is equal to 0.4535924277 kilograms.（标准磅的质
量等于0.4535924277千克）
5. All a’s and b’s in Eq. (5-1) are related to the impedance Ro.（式5-1中所有的a和b
都与阻抗R0有关）
6. We must take the effect of temperature on [upon] semiconductors into account.（我
们必须把温度对半导体的影响考虑进去）
7. In this case, the variation of output with input is very small.（在这种情况下，输出
随输入的变化是很小的）
8. This curve shows the dependence of distance on/upon speed. （这一曲线表示出了
距离对于速度的依从关系）
IV、改错
1. None of them can solve this special type of differential equation.（他们都不会解这类特殊的微分方程）
2. They do not know whether this material can stand so large a force or not.（他们不知道这材料能否承受这么大的力）
3. There are M polygons altogether, each of which has N vertexes.（共有M个多边形，其每个顶点数均为N）
4. These two engineers are busy (in) designing a new kind of software.（这两位工程师在忙于设计一种新的软件）
5. Iron is almost as good a conductor as aluminum.（铁的导电性能几乎与铝一样好）
练习6
I、画线部分用插入语表示
1. This image, it will be noticed, is a real image.（人们将会注意到，这个像是个实像）
2. This technical problem, we hope, will be solved soon.（我们希望，这个技术问题不久就会解决）
3. 210 is approximately 1000, a fact that we think is very useful in the study of digital electronics.（210近似为1000，这一点我们认为在学习数字电子学中是很有用的）
4. A resistor of say 100 ohms should be used here.（这里应该使用一个比如说100欧姆的电阻器）
II、翻译，正确表达否定和时态
1. None of those textbooks have/has mentioned this point.（那些教科书均没有提到这一点）
2. All of these x values cannot satisfy the equation.（这些x值并非都能满足该方程）
3. Neither of the two conditions is satisfied here.（那两个条件在此都没有得到满足）
4. In the preceding/previous chapter, we discussed all kinds of force.（在前一章，我
们讨论了能量）
5. This paper describes a new method for designing aircraft.（本文论述了设计飞机的
一种新方法）
6. By the end of the last century, the company had manufactured 5 000 radars.（到上个
世纪末，该公司已经制造了5000部雷达）
7. Since 2008, this research institute has been developing a special kind of robot.（自从2008年以来，这个研究所一直在开发一种特殊的机器人）
III、翻译正确使用被动句
1. In Section 1-2, the concept of force was introduced.（在1.2节介绍了力的概念）
2. As early as the 1940s, it was found that semiconductors are very useful. （早在20
世纪40年代，人们发现半导体是非常有用的）
3. This result can also be arrived at in another way.（这一结果也能用另一种方法来获
得(arrive at)）
4. At that time no use was made of this phenomenon/…, this phenomenon was made
no use of.（当时人们没有使用（make use of）这一现象）
5. This point will be dealt with in the next section.（这一点将在下一章讨论（deal with））
IV、翻译，正确使用表示比较的句型
1. This computer works much better than that one (does)/This computer is much better in performance than that one (is).（这台计算机的性能比那台好得多）
2. This computer requires many more components than that one (does).（这台计算机所需的元件数比那台多得多）
3. The distance of the moon from the earth is as great as 240 000 miles.（月亮离地球的距离远达24万英里）
4. The greater the resistance, the longer time it takes for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage/…, the longer time is required for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage.)（电阻（resistance）越大，电容器（capacitor）达到其最大电压（voltage）所需的时间越长）
5. The current as small as 0.1 A cannot produce enough heat.（小达0.1A的电流不能产生足够的热量）
V、改错
1. It is easy for us to determine the weight of the body. 或：We can determine the weight of the body easily.（我们容易确定该物体的质量）
2. The two engineers are busy (in) designing a new type of computer.（这两位工程师忙于设计一种新的计算机）
3. We find this concept very difficult to explain.（我们发现这个概念很难解释）
4. None of these windows can withstand so large a force.（这些窗户均承受不了这么大的力）
5. Work equals [is equal to] force multiplied by/times distance.（功等于力乘以距离）
6. The results obtained agree with the experimental values. [… are in agreement with the experimental values.]（所得结果与实验数值想吻合）
练习7
I、画线部分使用不定式
1. It will take a few months to design this kind of aircraft with the help of a computer.（借助计算机设计这种飞机只需要几个月的时间）
2. It is left as a problem to [for] the reader to show that this expression holds.（证明（show）这个表达式成立（hold）就留作读者的一个练习）
3. The program to be executed is stored in this unit.（要执行（execute）的程序存储在这一单元中）
4. This valley acts as the foundation on which to build the dam.（这山谷（valley）用作
为建坝（dam）的基础（foundation））
5. In this laboratory there are many kinds of instrument for students to choose from.（这实验中有许多种仪表供学生选择）
6. Let t0 equal/be equal to zero.（设（let）t0等于零）
7. The farther away the target (is), the longer time it takes for the echo to return.（目标离得越远，回波（echo）返回所需的时间久越长）
8. For the series to converge, x must be less than 1.（为使该级数（series）收敛（converge），x必须小于1）
9. We find this concept very difficult to understand.（我们发现这个概念很难理解）
10. This method makes it much easier to detect targets.（这方法使得检测（detect）目标容易得多了）
11. This factor will affect the ability of a computer to store information.（这个因素会影响计算机存储信息的能力）
12. We have to find out how large to make r so as for the series to converge.（我们得求出使r为多大时才能使该级数收敛）
13. This is a pen to draw pictures with.（这是画画所用的笔）
14. Elasticity is the tendency of a body to return to its original condition after being deformed.（弹性（elasticity）是物体变形（deform）后能恢复（return to）原状的趋势）15. Ordinary matter is said to be electrically neutral.（普通物质被说成是电中性的（electrically neutral））
16.This property makes it possible for metals to be made into any shape.（这一性质使得金属能被做成任何的形状）
17. This table is unfit for a student to do experiments on.（这张桌子不适宜学生做实验）
18. Now we consider what path of integration to take.（现在我们考虑取什么样的积分路径（path of integration））
II、改错
1. The sine law of the variation of light intensity with the cylinder diameter has been emphasized.（强调指出了光强随圆柱体直径变化的正弦规律）
2. Not only do temperature and light affect the conductivity, but the addition of impurities to semiconductors also makes it change greatly.（不仅温度和光影响导电率，而且给半导体加杂志也会使导电率变化很大）
3. Various satellites are frequently launched to obtain information about/on space.（人们经常发射各种卫星来获得有关太空的信息）
4. Our semiconductor industry came into being at the end of the 1950s.（我们的半导体工业是在20世纪50年代形成的）
5. My colleagues and I would like to express our thanks to Professor W. Smith for his great help.（我和我的同事们愿对w.史密斯教授给予我们的大力帮助表示感谢）
练习8
I、画线部分使用分词或分词短语
1. The amplifier amplifies the received signals.（该放大器（amplifier）放大（amplify）接收到的信号）
2. Moving molecules have kinetic energy.（运动的分子（molecule）具有动能（kinetic energy））
3. Speed equals distance divided by time.（速度等于距离除以时间）
4. V oltage equals/（is equal to）current multiplied by resistance. （电压等于电流乘以电阻）
5. The resistance of air increases with the increased/increasing/an increase in speed.（空气阻力随速度的增加而增加）
6. A transformer is a device consisting of two or more coils wound on/round an iron core.（变压器（transformer）是由绕（wind）在铁芯（iron core）上的两个或多个线圈（coil）组成的一种装置）
7. It is necessary to find out the current flowing through this component.（必须求出流过这个元件上的电流）
8. This book, properly used, will be of great help to the reader.（这本书，如果使用得当，对读者是很有帮助的）
9. Flowing through a circuit, the current will lose part of its energy.（流过电路的时候，电流会失去一部分能量）
10. Given/Knowing time and speed, we/one can find out distance.（若已知时间和速度，我们就能求出距离来）
11. Having studied this chapter, the student will understand/will have understood the principle of a computer.（学完这章后，学生们将懂得计算机的原理了）
12. The speed of light being extremely great, we cannot measure it by ordinary methods.（由于光速极大，我们不能用普通的方法来测量它）
13. Several comsats were launched, all of them (being) high-altitude satellites.（在过去发射了几颗通信卫星（comsat），它们都是高空（high-altitude）卫星）
14. Called “the mother of all networks,”the Internet is a widely used international network.（英特网被称为“所有网络之母”，它是使用极为广泛对国际网络）
15. This force can be resolved into two components, one (being) horizontal and the other vertical.（这个力可以分解（resolve）成两个分量（component），一个是水平的（horizontal）一个是垂直的（vertical））
II、画线部分使用“with”结构
1.Let us construct/draw a circle with the origin as the center and of radius R.（让我们
以原点（origin）为圆心画一个半径为R的圆）
2.This parameter should be measured with E grounded.（这个参数应该在E接地
（ground）的情况下加以测量）
3. With no resistance in the circuit, the current will increase indefinitely.（若电路中没有电阻，电流就会无限增大）
4. With this in view, we have written this book.（由于考虑到这一点，我们编写了这本书）
5. This paper introduces a new design method/technique, with emphasis on its principle.（本文介绍了一种新的设计方法，重点放在其原理上）
III、画线部分使用动名词表示
1.Let us consider designing a computer.（让我们来考虑设计一台计算机）
2.We refer to these components as being passive.（我们把这些元件称为（refer to …
as）是无源的（passive））
3.This involves taking the Fourier transform.（这涉及（involve）到取傅氏变换）
4.On/Upon rearranging the above equations, we obtain the following set of equations.
（对上面的方程整理（rearrange）后，我们得到了以下一个方程组）
5.In using this equation, it does not matter which plane is considered as 1.（在使用这
个式子时，把哪一个平面看成1是没有关系的）
IV、改错
1. Given/Knowing resistance and current, one/we can determine/calculate voltage.（已知电阻和电流，就能计算出电压来）
2. The price of this instrument is high.（这台仪器的价格很昂贵）
3. A robot is a special kind of electronic device.（机器人是一种特殊的电子设备）
4. The current starts flowing at the very moment we close the circuit.（电流就在我们闭合电路的那一瞬间开始流动）
5. They have been designing a new type of computer these six months.（这六个月来他们一直在设计一种新型的计算机）
练习9
I、画线部分用状语从句
1. The problem was not solved until a completely different method was introduced.（直到引入（introduce）了一种完全不同的概念，这个问题才得到了解决）
2. Nearly 100 years passed before the existence/presence of subatomic particles was confirmed by experiment/experimentally.（在过了将近100年之后才由实验证实了（confirm）亚原子微粒（subatomic particles）的存在）
3. The year this device was invented, World War II broke out.（在发明该设备的那年，爆发了第二次世界大战）
4. Small as they are, atoms are made up of still smaller particles.（虽然（as）原子很小，它们是由更小的微粒构成的）
5. These two resistors should be selected/chosen so that the transistor can operate
normally.（这两个电阻（resistor）应该选择使得该晶体管（transistor）能正常工作）
6. The body is in such a state that it can do work. （该物体处于这样的状态（state）以至于它能做功）
II、画线部分用同位语从句
1. The relation that voltage is the product of current and resistance applies to all the dc circuits.（电压是电流和电阻之乘积（product）这一关系（relation）适用于一切直流电路（dc circuit））
2. The discovery that magnetism can produce current is extremely important in the field of electricity.（磁（magnetism）能够产生电流这一发现在电学领域是极为重要的）
3. An equation is an algebraic statement that two algebraic expressions are equal.（方程式就是两个代数式（algebraic expression）相等的一种代数陈述（algebraic statement））
4. There is evidence that no life exists on the moon.（有证据表明，月球上没有生命存在）
5. The question now arises whether the algorithm is of practical use.（现在出现了这么个问题，该算法（algorithm）是否实用呢？）
6. In this case there is no guarantee that the series is convergent.（在这种情况下，不能保证该级数（series）是收敛的（convergent））
7. There is a growing/increasing awareness that these techniques/methods are very useful.（人们越来越认识到这些方法是很有用的）
8. One of/Among the most noteworthy achievements at that time was the realization that light consists of electromagnetic waves.（当时最显著的（noteworthy）成就之一是人们认识到了光是由电磁波（electromagnetic wave）组成的）
9. This is due to/is caused by/results from the fact that there are many free electrons in conductors.（这是由于在导体中存在许多自由电子引起的）
10. Besides/In addition to the fact that the properties of the material should be included in the analytical model, we must take other factors into account.（除了材料的性质应该包括在分析模型之中外，我们还必须把其他因素考虑进去）
III、改错
1.These features make it difficult for electronic counter-measure systems to intercept,
analyze and jam this kind of signal.（这些特点使电子对抗系统难以截获、分析
和干扰这种信号）
2. The existence of and the ability to control these phenomena make those devices possible.（这些现象的存在及对他们的控制能力使得制造那些器件成为了可能）
3. The variation of/in the number of the filter’s teeth has a greater effect on the performance of its passband than the variation of/in its dimensions.（滤波器的齿数变化对滤波器通带性能的影响比结构尺寸变化产生的影响大）
4. Scalar detection will result in the loss of some phase information.（标量检测会失去
部分相位信息）
5. Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram of measuring scatter parameters by the natural parameter transformation method.（图6表示出了本征参数变化法测量散射参数的原理图）
练习10
I、画线部分用名词从句表示
1. 现在有待于确定该级数何时收敛。

Now it remains to be determined when the series converges.
2.从杜巴梅尔定理可清楚的看出，这个极限是存在的。

It is clear from Dubamel’s Theorem that this limit exists.
3. 有麦克斯韦假设得知，每当电场发生变化时就产生磁场。

It follows from Maxwell’s hypothesis that whenever there is a change in an electric field, a magnetic field is produced.
4.在这种情况下磁铁是否被运动是没有关系的。

It does not matter whether the magnet is moved in this case.
5. 温度决定了热传递朝哪个方向发生。

Temperature determines in what direction the transfer of heat will take place.
6.一切物质均是由微粒构成的，这现在已是一个众所周知的事实了。

It is now a well-known fact that all matter consists of tiny particles.
II、画线部分用what从句表示
1. 发电机所做的是把机械能转化为电能。

What a generator does is (to) change mechanical energy into electrical energy.
2. 这一章所讲的内容非常重要。

What this chapter describes/What is described in this chapter is of great importance.
3.物质是能够占有空间的东西。

Matter is what can occupy space.
4. 在这个实验中我们所发现的是电现象这一崭新领域。

What we have discovered in this experiment is the entirely new realm of electrical phenomenon.
5. 这个方向与假设的方向相反。

This direction is opposite to what has been assumed.
6. 大小方向和作用点就是我们所说的一个力的三要素。

Magnitude, direction, and place of application are what we call the three elements of a force.
7. 这些数构成了所谓的实数系。

These numbers constitute what is known as the real
number system.
8. 在下面，我们要熟悉一些基本概念。

In what follows, we shall acquaint ourselves
with some basic concepts.
III、改错
1.图7表示了x波段波导测试系统。

An x-band wave-guide test system is shown in Fig.7. [或：Fig. 7 shows …].
2. 这种方法降低了对采用网络硬件的要求。

This method lowers the requirement for
the hardware of a sample network.
3. 根据上面对该多项式分解的分析，就得到了一种新颖的排列。

On the basis of the above analysis of the decomposition of the polynomial, a novel configuration results. [或：The above analysis of the decomposition of the polynomial results in a novel configuration.]
4. 最后用计算机仿真对窗口损耗概率进行了分析。

Finally, an analysis of packet loss probability is made by computer simulation.
5.导出的阻抗矩阵稀疏率高达40%。

The sparse ratio of the resulting impedance matrix is as high as 40%.
练习11
I、画线部分用定语从句。

1.我们用来测量一个电阻上的电压的仪表被称作电压表。

( The meter (that/which) we use to measure the voltage across a resistor is called a voltmeter.)
2.计算机是人类所有过的最有效的助手.( Computers are the most efficient assistants (that) man has ever had.)
3. 现在这种病不再是原来那样的严重的问题了.(Now this disease is no longer the serious problem (that) it once was.)
4. 雷达可以测出无线电回波返回所需要的时间.(Radar can measure the time (that) it takes for the radio echo to return.)
5.我们必须计算出该物体被提起的距离.( We must calculate the distance (that/through which) the body is lifted.)
6. 一个物体运动的方向也是很重要的.(The direction (that/in which) a body moves is also very important.)
7. 这个质点每秒钟振动的次数被叫做频率.(The number of times (that/by which) this particle vibrates per/a second is called/termed/named/known as/spoken of as/referred to as frequency.)
8. 我们使两个比值相等，由此得出了最简式.(We equate these two ratios, from which the simplest formula follows/results.)
9.需要确定y分量降为零的时间.( It is necessary to determine the time when/that/at which the y-component has decreased to zero.)
10.其每一点的y坐标都为零的曲线就是x轴.(The curve the y-coordinate of each point on which is zero is just the x-axis.)
II、画线部分用以“介词+which”开头的定语从句
1. 该圆切割实轴的点处于α= ω处.(The point at which the circle cuts the axis of reals is where α= ω.)
2. 重力意思是地球吸引物体的力.(The force of gravity means the force with which the earth attracts a body.)
3.电子在其上面产生图像的显像管的表面成为荧光屏.（The surface of a picture tube
upon which the electrons produce the picture is called the screen.）
4.作者要感谢本书所属的那套丛书的编辑们.( The author would like to express thanks to the editors of the series of which this book is a part/to which this book belongs.)
5.这事给定的两个矢量为其边的一个平行四边形.( This is a parallelogram of which the two given vectors are/form sides.)
6. 压强等于总的力除于所施压的面积.(The pressure is equal to the total force divided by the area over which it is exerted.)
7. 组成水的两个元素是氢和氧.(The two elements of which water consists are hydrogen and oxygen.)
8. 这取决于产生电子的效率.(This depends on the efficiency with which electrons are produced.)
9.这两的定律是建立其他所有定律的基础.( These two laws are the foundation on which all other laws are built.)
10.水结冰的温度一般是0o C.( The temperature at which water freezes is generally 0o C.) III、画线部分用as从句表示
1. 如标题所示，本章将讨论非线性方程.(As the title indicates, this chapter will discuss nonlinear equations.)
2. 顾名思义，流体就是一种可以流动的物质.(As the name shows, a fluid is a substance which flows readily.)
3. 这单个力产生的效应与那几个力一起产生的效应相同.(This single force produces the same effect as is produced by those forces together.)
4. 现在我们能够理解像出现在物理中的这种方程了.(Now we are able to solve such differential equations as occur in physics. )
5.这个功能可以用像上一节中所描述的全加器来完成.( This function can be accomplished by using the full adder as was described in the previous section.)
6.这些概念是我们能够理解静电学，即人们通常所说的静电中广泛的现象.( These concepts enable us to understand a wide range of phenomena in electrostatics, or “static electricity,” as it is called.)
7. 这个电流，正如预测的那样，是特别小的.(This current is, as predicted, very small,)
8.首先让我们来考虑一下如第2页上所示的那个简单的电路.( First let us consider the simplest circuit as shown on page 2.)
IV、画线部分用“than”等从句表示
1. 这个值比我们预料的稍微高一点.(This is a slightly higher value than we predicted.)
2. 这个反应堆能产生比它消耗得多的燃料.(This reactor can produce more fuel than it consumes. )
3. 让我们来考虑一下当力矩为零的情况.(Let us consider the case when the torque is zero.)。