2024年江苏省扬州市中考英语考前模拟测试(含解析)

2024年中考英语考前模拟测试（扬州卷）
注意事项：
1.全卷满分120分。

考试时间为100分钟。

试题包含选择题和非选择题。

考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。

2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。

3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。

答非选择题必须用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。

第I卷（选择题共60分）
一、单项选择（本题共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）
在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。

1．—________ great progress Li Ming has made during the past few weeks!
—Yes. That’s all because of his hard work.
A．What a B．How a C．What D．How
2．The astronauts of Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship entered China’s space station early ________ April 26, 2024.
A．in B．at C．on D．to
3．The course of life never runs smoothly ________ it is full of ups and downs.
A．though B．since C．while D．unless
4．—Which of the two books will you take?
—I’ll take ________, science book interests me while comic book makes me relaxed.
A．both B．neither C．all D．none
5．What a pity! ________, I believe you will succeed someday!
A．Instead B．Moreover C．Anyway D．Otherwise
6．—What a pity! A 4-year-old boy was hit by a truck when playing by the road.
—I agree that, to parents, children’s safety ________ be paid too much attention to.
A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
7．The novel was so attractive that he read it for hours ________ he realized it.
A．before B．after C．while D．as soon as
8．Lucy is not so quick, but she has a good habit of working hard, it is like a hidden ________ A．tradition B．treasure C．competition D．influence
9．Students should be ________ to form good working habits through labour education.
A．forced B．encouraged C．warned D．promised
10．Physical work plays an important role in developing students’ view of the world and life. That’s why we need to ________ labour education at school.
A．work on B．work out C．carry on D．carry out
11．—Why are you so angry?
—Look! Someone has ________ my parking space.
A．put up B．taken up C．stayed up D．turned up
12．Nearly ________ of the task ________ completed by us. We worked closely.
A．three-fifth; was B．three-fifths; was
C．third-fifths; were D．third-fifth; were
13．—I’ve just heard that Jackie achieved high grades in the Maths exam.
—That’s no surprise. He is ________, you know.
A．a dark horse B．a green hand C．an early bird D．a wet blanket
14．—Come on, Cathy. Just ________. Nothing can beat me.
—Well, to tell you the truth, you’re laid off (解雇).
A．be brave B．take your time C．come to the point D．be confident
15．—Paris Olympic Games will take place in July, 2024. The organizer has announced ________.
—Oh, on the River Seine. At least 600,000 viewers can attend it.
A．where will the opening ceremony be held
B．where the opening ceremony will be held
C．when viewers would attend the opening ceremony
D．when viewers will attend the opening ceremony
二、完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，计15分）
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

At the beginning of the school year, each student would be given a special job for which they would be responsible for the whole term. Rita, a quiet and hard-working girl, 16 for an exciting task, like taking care
of the class plants. 17 , she received a small box with sand and a small ant.
Even though the teacher insisted that this task was very 18 , Rita could not help feeling disappointed. However, she 19 to do her best with her new responsibility. She began to study and 20 the ant, learning about its habitat and needs. She made the box a comfortable home for the ant, and it grew much bigger than 21 expected.
Rita’s efforts caught the attention of her 22 teacher, Mr Thompson. He turned her work into a class project, and Rita became the class expert on 23 . Her hard work helped the whole class learn about ant behavior and habitats. In order to watch the ant 24 , they even built a small ant farm in the classroom.
25 the school year progressed, Rita’s classmates became more and more interested in the ant project. They started asking her questions and 26 the ant’s behavior themselves. Rita felt 27 to share her knowledge and see her classmates so interested. She even organized a presentation where she shared her 28 with the whole school during the science fair.
At the end of the year, the s chool recognized Rita’s class as the best of the year. They 29 Rita for her hard work and how she turned a small responsibility into something big.
Rita learned a lot 30 this special task. Every task, no matter how small, could make a big difference. And sometimes the most unexpected things can lead to great success.
16．A．waited B．asked C．hoped D．pushed
17．A．Besides B．Instead C．Moreover D．Anyway
18．A．interesting B．special C．boring D．difficult
19．A．decided B．refused C．stopped D．managed
20．A．care for B．look for C．search for D．prepare for
21．A ．everybody
B ．nobody
C ．somebody
D ．anybody 22．A ．Maths
B ．Science
C ．Chemistry
D ．Physics 23．A ．ants
B ．plants
C ．sand
D ．projects 24．A ．patiently
B ．closely
C ．happily
D ．comfortably 25．A ．Since
B ．As
C ．When
D ．While 26．A ．watching
B ．writing
C ．changing
D ．describing 27．A ．nervous
B ．afraid
C ．proud
D ．excited 28．A ．discoveries
B ．inventions
C ．wishes
D ．thoughts 29．A ．thanked
B ．praised
C ．admired
D ．recommended 30．A ．on
B ．to
C ．from
D ．with
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

A
31．How long does a total solar eclipse typically last?
A ．A few seconds.
B ．A few minutes.
C ．A few hours.
D ．A few days.
32．What color does the moon appear during a total lunar eclipse?
A．Golden B．Blue C．Black D．Red
33．What causes the dark part of the moon during a partial lunar eclipse?
A．Some sunlight. B．Earth’s atmosphere.
C．Earth’s shadow.D．The moon’s shadow.
B
Childhood memories, the first bicycle ride, the first swim in the ocean, and the beautiful wallpaper long since removed from the family home are deeply rooted in our minds. But can they be trusted? In other words, how reliable (可靠的) are our memories?
Still, Carole Peterson, a professor at Memorial University who studies early childhood memory, said that both children and adults can have memories that are not true. At all ages, we are more likely to be influenced by suggestions, although it is true that younger children are more affected than older children or adults.
In a study in 2011, Peterson and his team interviewed children ages 4 to 13 about their earliest memories and re-interviewed them two years later. They found that events filled with emotion were more likely to stay. In addition, if the child had a clear memory rather than a confused one, it would likely be remembered.
Peterson’s research has found a strong relationship between emotion and accurate (准确的) recall. This is supported by a 2015 study in which researchers interviewed preschoolers about an injury serious enough to require hospital treatment. Researchers followed up ten years later to see what these people remembered about their childhood injuries. “They were very accurate in recalling these emotional events,” Peterson said. “It was a surprise for all of us.”
Sometimes, people—especially children—can form false memories. In Michael Linden’s 2013 book Hurting Memories and Beneficial Forgetting, Linden states that high social expectations can lead to the development of false memories in children who learn to reply as expected. These false memories make you feel real. It is hard to tell them from real memories.
34．Why does the author mention questions in Paragraph 1?
A．To introduce the topic. B．To support his opinion.
C．To show some examples. D．To compare different ideas.
35．What does Carole Peterson think of early childhood memories?
A．Most of them are not true. B．They are easy to remember.
C．Not all of them are accurate. D．They have a great influence on a person’s life.
36．How did Peterson’s team do the research?
A．By doing some interviews. B．By referring to a survey online.
C．By collecting information from hospitals. D．By following up children’s daily life for years. 37．Which statement will Michael Linden probably agree with?
A．Only children can develop false memories.
B．False memories will be difficult to tell from real ones.
C．False memories were mainly caused by childhood injuries.
D．High social expectations can help improve children’s memories.
C
One day, a young Fisherman catches a Mermaid in his fishing net. “Please free me,” the Mermaid cries.
“Make me a promise,” says the Fisherman, “I can free you. But please come when I call you. You can sing to
me and to the fish. Then my nets can always be full of fish.”
“I promise.” The Mermaid cries. So the Fisherman opens his arms and frees the Mermaid.
Every evening the Fisherman goes out on the sea. He calls the Mermaid. She comes out of the water and sings to him. The dolphins swim round and round the Mermaid. The seagulls fly round and round the Mermaid.
The Mermaid sings a beautiful song. She sings and sings. All the fish come from the bottom of the sea to listen to her. The Fisherman throws his nets into the sea. His net and boat are full of fish. Then the Mermaid stops singing. She smiles at the Fisherman and she swims back under the sea.
Every evening the Fisherman calls the Mermaid. And every evening she sings for him, but she does not come near him. The Fisherman tries to touch her, but she swims back under the sea. Every evening the Fisherman listens to the Mermaid. Her song and her voice are sweet to his ears. And the Fisherman forgets his nets and the fish. His eyes are full of love.
One evening the Fisherman calls to the Mermaid.
“Little Mermaid, little Mermaid, I love you. Can I be your husband?” he says. But the Mermaid shakes her head.
“You have a human soul. I cannot love you with your human soul. Send away your human soul and I can love you.”
----Taken from The Fisherman and His Soul 38．What does the underlined word “promise” refer to?
A．Come and sing to the Fisherman. B．Bring many fish to the Fisherman.
C．Free the little Mermaid. D．Swim back under the sea.
39．Which is the right order of the following events?
a. The Fisherman asks the Mermaid to be his wife.
b. The Mermaid is caught by the Fisherman.
c. The Mermaid sings for the Fisherman.
d. The Fisherman frees the Mermaid.
A．d-c-b-a B．b-d-c-a C．b-d-a-c D．d-c-a-b
40．Which of the following sentences is true according to the context?
A．The Mermaid sings and dances very beautifully.
B．Every morning the Fisherman meets the Mermaid.
C．The Fisherman catches many fish because he is good at it.
D．The Fisherman falls in love with the Mermaid.
41．What will the Fisherman do next?
A．Go down under the water. B．Fish on the sea as usual.
C．Try to send away his soul. D．Never think about his love.
D
Lu Xun is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century. Besides his famous stories, he also wrote many influential articles about the living conditions of Chinese people.
Born in 1881 to a wealthy family, Lu Xun had a happy childhood. In 1893, however, his father, a senior government official, was put into prison for taking money. At the same time, his father became seriously ill. From that time on, his family was no longer accepted by their relatives and friends. These early experiences greatly influenced his writing.
By the time Lu Xun arrived in Nanjing to study at university in 1899, he already believed that Chinese society had to change and become modern. In 1902 he went to study in Japan. There he began writing articles for several Chinese student magazines. He showed a gift for writing and translating and he even wrote several books, although none was popular. He returned to China in 1909 because he was in need of money.
After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing, Lu Xun again returned to writing. In 1918, he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success. This, together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q (1921) made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer. Although successful, Lu Xun still worried greatly about China’s future. In 1927, he moved to Shanghai and gave up writing stories in order to devote himself to what he called “pen warfare”. He only wrote articles which called on the people to fight against the government. For this, the government stopped him from publishing any more books. He was forced to write his articles using false names.
Since his death in 1936, Lu Xun’s importance and influence hav e grown. Today, many of his writings are included in school textbooks and his works are read by millions of people around the world.
42．Which of the following greatly influenced Lu Xun’s writing according to the passage?
A．The people he met in Japan. B．The experiences in his early life.
C．Working as a teacher in Beijing. D．His father’s being put into prison.
43．According to the passage, why was Lu Xun’s story Diary of a Madman so popular?
A．It was based on Lu Xun’s diary.B．It was the first novel to use everyday language.
C．Its story took place in modern times. D．It was written using a western style.
44．The underlined word “This” (paragraph 4) refers to ________.
A．The success of Diary of a Madman B．The use of everyday language
C．The first Chinese novel D．The True Story of Ah Q
45．In what order did these events take place in Lu Xun’s life?
a. The government stopped him from publishing books.
b. He wrote Diary of a Madman.
c. His father became ill.
d. He moved to Shanghai.
e. His writings were put into textbooks.
A．c﹣a﹣b﹣d﹣e B．c﹣b﹣d﹣a﹣e
C．a﹣c﹣d﹣b﹣e D．a﹣d﹣b﹣c﹣e
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共60分)
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。

在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出
空缺处所填单词的正确形式。

（每空一词）
46．In China, drinking tea is not just a (习惯), and it can also be a kind of art.
47．While most Chinese treat kungfu tea as an important part of the culture, very (少数) Chinese know how it’s done.
48．Boiling water is needed to make a (完美的) cup of tea. Pour hot water into a tea pot and add some tea leaves.
49．If you like strong tea, put more tea leaves; if you (更喜欢) light tea, put more water.
50．In Chinese society, a (单个的) cup of tea takes a great deal of work. As a sign of respect, a host often offers a cup of tea to a guest.
51．Hot pot is one of the most popular dishes in China, (especial) in Sichuan.
52．Generally speaking, cold dishes are the (one) course in formal Chinese meals.
53．It was said that twice-cooked pork (create) by a Chinese poet called Su Dongpo in the Song Dynasty. 54．Dongpo Pork and Sister Song’s Fish Soup were the (athlete) favourites on Asian Games menu. 55．Chinese (tradition) dishes are famous for their pleasant smell, colour, taste, meaning and appearance. 五、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）
The clock struck twelve.
Scrooge lifted his eyes, and he saw a serious Ghost. The Ghost wore a black robe. The Ghost neither spoke nor moved. Scrooge was very scared.
“You are going to show me the future,” Scrooge continued. “Am I right, Ghost?”
The Ghost nodded its head.
“Ghost of the Future,” he said, “Actually, I’m more afraid of you than of all the other ghosts. But because I want to be a better man, I will go with you.”
The Ghost moved forwards. Scrooge followed in the shadow of its robe and the robe carried him along. The city suddenly appeared around them. There they were, in the heart of it. The Ghost stopped beside some businessmen at the Stock Exchange (证券交易所). Its hand was pointing to them, so Scrooge listened to their conversation.
“I only know he’s dead,” said a great fat man.
“When did he die?” asked another.
“Last night, I think.”
“What was the matter with him?” asked a third.
“God knows,” said the first, with a yawn.
“What has he done with his money?” asked a red-faced gentleman.
“I don’t know,” said the great fat man, yawning again. “He hasn’t left it to me. That’s all I know.”
Everybody laughed.
“It will be a very small funeral,” said the great fat man. “I don’t think anybody will go to it.”
Scrooge knew the men. And he looked towards the Ghost for an explanation. He didn’t understand why this conversation was important. But he knew it must be.
------Taken from A Christmas Carol 56．How did Scrooge feel when he first saw the Ghost?
57．Why did Scrooge follow the Ghost all the way?
58．Where did the Ghost stop in the city?
59．Who cared about the dead man’s money?
60．What do you think of the businessmen?
六、缺词填空（共10空；每空1分，计10分）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正
确形式。

（每空一词）
Recently Google has announced a series of new artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能) tools designed to help users in organizing emails and creating business writings and meetings. These tools display important AI development progress in recent years. The tools are built by putting a great d 61 of data (数据) into machine learning computer systems. The data trains the AI systems to develop skills and produce human-like results.
The technology received w 62 attention last year after a company called Open AI announced a free writing tool called Chat GPT. That tool can quickly produce human-quality writings. Experts (专家) say s 63 systems may bring great changes to many different industries and jobs. Now some companies are a 64 to test Google’s new tools in their development and business activities.
Like Chat GPT, Goog le’s AI tools are designed to create completely written texts f 65 many different purposes. For example, an office worker could enter some keywords of a kind of text they want. The
tools could then create a full marketing email, training materials or a business plan in a while. Google sees the system being able to o 66 an “AI Helper” to help human workers in real time. Google wants to have its AI change the work of lawyers, scientists, teachers and more.
However, Google says it keeps developing AI products of high quality. That is why the company is inviting groups of “trusted testers” to use its AI tools r 67 than widely selling its new products. Google’s new AI tools are the company’s l 68 move to fight for business. Companies l 69 Microsoft and Meta are also working on products about AI.
Technology experts have w 70 that while the new AI tools can produce human-like writings, the systems can also make mistakes. Last month, Bard, Google’s n ew AI tool designed to give a better online search, made a mistake and caused a $100-billion drop. Microsoft users said the company’s new AI tools produced unfriendly and rude results.
七、书面表达（计30分）
A. 句子翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）
将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。

71．我不确定这张旧照片是否能让她想起她的家乡。

72．我家里一团糟，因为我的机器人已失控三周了。

73．那个女孩花了多少时间把那本小说翻译成法语？
74．他乐意去帮助有眼部问题的病人重见光明。

75．当我们遇到困难的时候，老师总是鼓励我们不要放弃。

B. 写作（计20分）
76．若成长是一本著作，那么烦恼便是藏在段落深处的错字；如果成长是一张白纸，那么烦恼便是附在背面的一个瑕疵。

请以“How I work out problems”为题，根据写作要点和要求，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你是如何解决生活中遇到的烦恼的。

1. 写作要点：
1）你是如何看待生活中遇到的烦恼的？
2）你又是用什么方法解决的？
3）你的感想是什么？
2. 写作要求：
1）文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
2）词数100左右。

____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】句意：——李明在过去的几周里取得了多么大的进步！——是的。

那都是因为他努力所致。

考查感叹句。

what引导的感叹句为：what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语，what+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语；how引导的感叹句结构为：how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语，how+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语，how+主语+谓语。

根据“great progress Li Ming has made during the past few weeks!”可知，progress为不可数名词，great为形容词，应用what引导感叹句。

故选C。

2．C
【详解】句意：2024年4月26日，神舟18号载人飞船的宇航员提前进入中国空间站。

考查介词辨析。

in在……期间，常用于年份、月份或季节前；at在……时刻，常用于具体的时间点前；on 在……之时，常用于星期或具体的某一天前；to到。

根据“April 26, 2024”可知，此处指的是4月26日这一天。

故选C。

3．B
【详解】句意：人生之路从不一帆风顺，因为它充满了起伏。

考查连词。

though虽然；since因为；while然而；unless除非。

根据“The course of life never runs smoothly...it is full of ups and downs.”可知，此空应是since，引导原因状语从句，表示因为人生充满了起伏，所以人生之路从来都不是一帆风顺的。

故选B。

4．A
【详解】句意：——这两本书你要哪本？——我两本都要，科普书能激发我的兴趣，漫画书能让我放松心
情。

考查代词辨析。

both两个都；neither两者都不；all所有都（三者或以上）；none没有一个。

根据“science book interests me while comic book makes me relaxed.”可知，是两者都要。

故选A。

5．C
【详解】句意：太可惜了！不管怎样，我相信你有一天会成功的！
考查副词辨析。

Instead反而；Moreover此外；Anyway无论如何；Otherwise否则。

根据“What a pity!”和“I believe you will succeed some day!”可知，前后文是转折关系，此处填anyway，指无论如何都相信你终会成功。

故选C。

6．B
【详解】句意：——真遗憾！一名4岁男孩在路边玩耍时被一辆卡车撞倒。

——我同意，对父母来说，孩子的安全再怎么关注也不为过。

考查情态动词。

mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该。

根据“children’s safety...be paid too much attention to.”可知，此处为“can’t...too...”结构，表示“再……也不为过”。

故选B。

7．A
【详解】句意：这本书太吸引人了，以致于他读了几个小时才回过神来。

考查连词辨析。

before在……之前；after在……之后；while当……的时候；as soon as一……就……。

根据“The novel was so attractive that he read it for hours … he realized it.”可知，此处应表示书太有吸引力，意识到之前已经读了几个小时。

故选A。

8．B
【详解】句意：露西学东西没那么快，但她有努力的好习惯。

它就像一个隐藏的宝藏。

考查名词辨析。

tradition传统；treasure宝藏；competition比赛；influence影响。

根据“she has a good habit of working hard.”可知，是像一个隐藏的宝藏，因此treasure符合句意。

故选B。

9．B
【详解】句意：应该通过劳动教育来鼓励学生养成良好的工作习惯。

考查动词辨析。

forced强迫；encouraged鼓励；warned警告；promised承诺。

根据“Students should be … to form good working habits through labour education.”可知，此处应表示学生应被鼓励去形成好的工作习惯。

故选B。

10．D
【详解】句意：体力劳动在培养学生的世界观和人生观方面起着重要作用。

这就是为什么我们需要在学校开展劳动教育。

考查动词短语辨析。

work on从事；work out解决；carry on继续；carry out实施。

根据“labour education at school”可知，此处应指在学校开展劳动教育。

故选D。

11．B
【详解】句意：——你为什么这么生气？——看！有人占了我的停车位。

考查动词短语辨析。

put up张贴；take up占据；stay up熬夜；turn up出现。

根据“my parking space”可知，此处表达有人占了停车位。

故选B。

12．B
【详解】句意：将近五分之三的任务是我们完成的。

我们密切合作。

考查分数表达及主谓一致。

英语的分数表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，但当分子大于1时分母要用复数形式；通常情况下，分数后面所接的名词为单数或不可数名词，在句中作主语时，谓语动词则用单数形式，根据空后的“the task”为可数名词的单数形式可知，谓语动词应用三单形式。

故选B。

13．C
【详解】句意：——听说Jackie在数学考试中取得了很高的分数。

——这并不奇怪。

你知道的，他很勤奋。

考查习语。

a dark horse黑马（意外获胜的人）；a green hand新手；an early bird勤奋的人；a wet blanket 扫兴的人。

根据“I’ve just heard that Jackie achieved high grades in the Maths exam.”可知，应表达他是一个勤奋的人。

故选C。

14．C
【详解】句意：——快点，凯西，开门见山地说吧。

没有什么能打击到我。

——好吧，说实话，你被解雇了。

考查短语辨析。

be brave勇敢点；take your time 慢慢来；come to the point开门见山，直入主题；be confident自信点。

根据“Well, to tell you the truth, you’re laid off (解雇).”可知说话者是让对方直奔主题。

故选C。

15．B
【详解】句意：——巴黎奥运会将于2024年7月举行。

主办方已经宣布了举办开幕式的地点。

——哦，在塞纳河上。

那里至少能容纳60万名观众观看。

考查宾语从句。

宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A；根据“on the River Seine.”可知，说的是开幕式将在哪里举办，应用where引导宾语从句，故选B。

16．C 17．B 18．B 19．A 20．A 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了Rita通过照顾小蚂蚁，最后收获了很多，并得到了老师的表扬。

16．句意：Rita是一个安静勤奋的女孩，她希望做令人兴奋的任务，例如照顾班级的植物。

waited等待；asked问；hoped希望；pushed推动。

根据“...for an exciting task, like taking care of the class plants.”可知，空处指“希望”做令人兴奋的任务。

故选C。

17．句意：反而，她收到了一个装有沙子和一只小蚂蚁的小盒子。

Besides除此之外；Instead代替，反而；Moreover而且；Anyway反正。

根据“like taking care of the class plants”以及“she received a small box with sand and a small ant.”可知，她希望做一些像照顾班级植物的任务，但收到了任务与希望的不同，故空处指“代替”。

故选B。

18．句意：尽管老师坚称这项任务很特别，但Rita还是不禁感到失望。

interesting有趣的；special特别的；boring令人厌烦的；difficult困难的。

根据最后一段“...this special task.”可知，尽管老师说任务很“特别”，但她还是感到失望。

故选B。

19．句意：然而，她决定尽最大努力履行新的职责。

decided决定；refused拒绝；stopped停止；managed设法。

根据“...to do her best with her new responsibility.”可知，她决定尽最大努力履行新职责。

故选A。

20．句意：她开始研究并关心蚂蚁，了解它的栖息地和需求。

care for关心，在意；look for寻找；search for搜索；prepare for为……做准备。

根据“learning about its habitat and needs”可知，她了解蚂蚁的栖息地和需求，说明她开始关心蚂蚁。

故选A。

21．句意：她把盒子变成蚂蚁舒适的家，蚂蚁长得比任何人预想的要大得多。

everybody每个人；nobody没人；somebody某人；anybody任何人。

根据“and it grew much bigger than...expected.”可知，它长得比任何人预想的要大得多。

故选D。

22．句意：Rita的努力引起了她科学老师汤普森先生的注意。

Maths数学；Science科学；Chemistry化学；Physics物理。

根据上文“...the ant, learning about its habitat and needs.”可知，她研究的是蚂蚁，所以她的努力引起了科学老师的注意。

故选B。

23．句意：他把她的工作变成了一个班级项目，丽塔成为了班级的蚂蚁专家。

ants蚂蚁；plants植物；sand沙子；projects任务。

根据“Her hard work helped the whole class learn about ant behavior and habitats.”可知，她的努力帮助全班同学了解了蚂蚁的行为和栖息地，说明她是班里的蚂蚁专家。

故选A。

24．句意：为了密切观察蚂蚁，他们甚至在教室里建造了一个小型蚂蚁农场。

patiently耐心地；closely密切地；happily高兴地；comfortably舒服地。

根据“they even built a small ant farm in the classroom.”可知，空处指为了“密切”观察蚂蚁，在教室里建了一个小型蚂蚁农场。

故选B。

25．句意：随着学年的进展，Rita的同学对蚂蚁项目越来越感兴趣。

Since既然；As随着；When当……时；While然而。

根据“...the school year progressed, Rita’s classmates became more and more interested in the ant project.”可知，Rita的同学对蚂蚁项目越来越感兴趣，这一过程是随着学年的进展。

故选B。

26．句意：他们开始向她询问问题，并观察蚂蚁的行为。

watching观察；writing写；changing改变；describing描述。

根据“...the ant’s behavior themselves.”可知，指他们观察蚂蚁的行为。

故选A。

27．句意：看到同学们如此感兴趣，Rita为分享自己的知识而感到自豪。

nervous紧张的；afraid害怕的；proud自豪的；excited令人兴奋的。

根据“...share her knowledge and see her classmates so interested.”可知，能分享自己的知识是令她自豪的事。

故选C。

28．句意：她甚至在科学博览会期间组织了一次演讲，与全校师生分享她的发现。

discoveries发现；inventions发明；wishes愿望；thoughts想法。

根据上文“She began to study and...the ant, learning about its habitat and needs.”可知，她研究学习蚂蚁的栖息地和需求，故空处指她与全校师生分享她的发现。

故选A。

29．句意：他们表扬Rita的辛勤工作以及她如何将小责任变成大责任。

thanked感谢；praised表扬；admired羡慕；recommended收到推崇的。

根据“They...Rita for her hard work... ”可知，他们表扬她的辛勤工作。

故选B。

30．句意：Rita在这次特殊的任务中学到了很多东西。

on在某一天；to到；from从；with带着，和。

learn sth. from sth.表示“从……学到……”，为固定搭配。

故选C。

31．B 32．D 33．C
【导语】本文介绍了日食和月食。

31．细节理解题。

根据“A total solar eclipse is when the mo on completely covers the sun in the sky. When the moor does this, it blocks some of the sun’s light and casts (投射) a big shadow on Earth only lasting a few minutes.”可知，只持续几分钟。

故选B。

32．细节理解题。

根据“A total lunar eclipse happens...This makes the moon appear red to people on Earth.”可知，似乎是红色的，故选D。

33．细节理解题。

根据“A partial lunar eclipse happens when part of the moon enters Earth’s shadow. In a partial eclipse, Earth’s shadow appears very dark on the side of the moon facing Earth.”可知，由地球的阴影造成的。

故选C。

34．A 35．C 36．A 37．B
【导语】本文介绍了童年记忆的特点以及影响童年记忆的因素。

34．推理判断题。

根据“...But can they be trusted? In other words, how reliable (可靠的) are our memories?”以及下文的介绍可知，第一段的提问主要是引出下文要介绍的主题，故选A。

35．细节理解题。

根据“Still, Carole Peterson, a profes sor at Memorial University who studies early childhood memory, said that both children and adults can have memories that are not true.”可知，研究早期儿童记忆的教授卡罗尔·彼得森认为并不是所有的记忆都是准确的，故选C。

36．细节理解题。

根据“In a study in 2011, Peterson and his team interviewed children ages 4 to 13 about their earliest memories and re-interviewed them two years later.”可知，彼得森和他的团队采访了4至13岁的儿童，询问他们最早的记忆，并在两年后再次采访了他们，所以他们是通过采访的方式进行这项研究的，故选A。

37．细节理解题。

根据“These false memories make you feel real. It is hard to tell them from real memories.”可知，迈克尔·林登认为虚假的记忆将很难与真实的记忆区分开来，故选B。

38．A 39．B 40．D 41．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

本文是一则寓言故事，讲述了被渔夫抓到的美人鱼答应他用她的歌声帮助他抓鱼，但后来渔夫爱上了美人鱼，向她求婚被拒绝，因为他拥有的是人类的灵魂，只有丢弃人类的灵魂，才能得到美人鱼的爱。

38．词句猜测题。

根据第四段“He calls the Mermaid. She comes out of the water and sings to him.”可知渔夫召唤美人鱼，她从水里出来，对着他唱歌，说明美人鱼答应了对渔夫的承诺，这个承诺就是对着渔夫唱歌。

故选A。

39．细节理解题。

根据“One day, a young Fisherman catches a Mermaid in his fishing net.”、“So the Fisherman opens his arms and frees the Mermaid.”、“He calls the Mermaid. She comes out of the water and sings to him.”和““Little Mermaid, little Mermaid, I love you. Can I be your husband?” he says.”可知有一天，一个年轻的渔夫在他的渔网中抓住了一条美人鱼，美人鱼答应了对渔夫的承诺，渔夫就放了美人鱼，渔夫一召唤美人鱼，她就出来对着他唱歌，直到有一天，渔夫向美人鱼表白，并向她求婚，但美人鱼拒绝了。

故选B。

40．细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段““Little Mermaid, little Mermaid, I love you. Can I be your husband?” he says.”可知渔夫对美人鱼表白并求婚，由此可知渔夫爱上了美人鱼。

故选D。

41．推理判断题。

根据最后一段““You have a human soul. I cannot love you with your human soul. Send away your human soul and I can love you.””可知美人鱼拒绝渔夫的求婚是因为渔夫拥有的是人类的灵魂，她让他丢弃人类的灵魂后她才能爱他，由此可推测，如果渔夫还想娶美人鱼为妻的话，那他接下来要做的就是丢弃他那人类的灵魂。

故选C。

42．B 43．B 44．A 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章简要介绍了作家鲁迅的一生。

42．细节理解题。

根据第二段“These early experiences greatly influenced his writing.”可知，他的早期经历极大地影响了他的写作。

故选B。

43．细节理解题。

根据第四段“…he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success.”可知，鲁迅的《狂人日记》能获得巨大的成功，也就是变得受欢迎，是因为这是第一部使用白话文出版的中国小说。

故选B。

44．词句猜测题。

根据第四段“…he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman...which helped make it a great success. This, together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q (1921) made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer.”可知，《狂人日记》的成功和小说《阿Q正传》使鲁迅成为中国著名作家，由此可知此处“This”应指的是《狂人日记》的成功。

故选A。

45．细节理解题。

根据第二段“In 1893… At the same time, his family became seriously ill.”和倒数第二段“In 1927, he moved to Shanghai…For this, the government stopped him from publishing any more books.”可知，事件c“父亲病重”的发生比事件a“政府阻止鲁迅出书”要更早，所以c应在a之前，排除选项C和D，而事件d“搬家去上海”的发生也比事件a“政府阻止鲁迅出书”要早，所以d应在a之前，选项B符合此排序。

故选B。

46．habit
【详解】句意：在中国，喝茶不仅仅是一种习惯，它也可以是一种艺术。

a为不定冠词表示“一（个）”，后面应接单数名词，结合汉语提示，habit“习惯”为可数名词，符合句意。

故填habit。

47．few
【详解】句意：虽然大多数中国人将功夫茶视为文化的重要组成部分，但很少有中国人知道它是如何做的。

少数“few”，修饰复数名词“Chinese”，few Chinese“没多少中国人”。

故填few。

48．perfect
【详解】句意：泡一杯好茶需要开水。

将热水倒入茶壶中，加入一些茶叶。

完美的“perfect”，形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词短语“cup of tea”，故填perfect。

49．prefer
【详解】句意：如果你喜欢浓茶，多放一点茶叶；如果你更喜欢淡茶，就多加点水。

prefer“更喜欢”，从句时态为一般现在时，主语是you，动词用原形，故填prefer。

50．single
【详解】句意：在中国社会，单个的一杯茶需要大量的工作。

作为尊重的表示，主人通常会给客人一杯茶。

单个的：single，形容词修饰名词，作定语。

故填single。

51．especially。