广东惠州市高二英语《Unit 1 Great scientists Grammar》学案

广东惠州市惠阳一中实验学校高二英语《Unit 1 Great scientists：
Grammar》学案
Period 3 Grammar
【学习目标】了解并掌握-ed做定语及表语
★预习案Previewing Case
Translate the sentences with the past participles from the reading passage and recite them.
① Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London...
② So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
③ John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove...
④ But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people.
⑤ Neither its cause, n or its cure was understood.
⑥ He got interested in two theories.
过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作的_________和_______。

它在句子中可以充当________、________、________等成份。

本单元仅谈其作______和________的用法。

★探究案Ex ploring Case
探究点一：过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况。

1、前置定语:
A类: 被动意义:
an ___________ guest = a __________ guest一位受尊敬的客人
The ___________ workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照料。

B类: 完成意义:
a _________ teacher 一位退休的教师
They are cleaning the_________ leaves in the yard.
他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。

总结：________的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之______, 作前置定语。

表示________和________的意义。

2、后置定语：
This will be the best novel of its kind ever written(=that has ever been written).
Who were the guests invited (=who had been invited) to your party last night?
总结：过去分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之______，作后置定语，作用相当于一个____________。

3、注意：①如被修饰的词是 something, anything, everything, nothing ,-one, -body
以及thos e等, 分词放在被修饰词的后面。

He is one of those kidnapped. 他是那些被绑架的人之一。

你还有什么没完成的事吗？
______________________________________________________________?
②单个分词也可以作后置定语, 用以强调动作。

They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。

③不及物动词的过去分词仅表示时间的完成, 无被动意义。

现在分词表示动作正在进行。

_______ leaves落叶 ______ leaves正在下落的树叶
a _________ country发达国家 a ________ country发展中国家
the _______ water(凉）开水 the _______ water沸水
探究点二: 过去分词作表语
The teacher seemed quite delighted at the idea.
When we heard of the story, we were deeply moved.
过去分词作表语表示主语的_________和_________。

注意：①作表语的过去分词，________的意味很弱，主要表示动作的_______和某一_______，相当于一个形容词。

The boat is broken. The street is crowded.
②表示______的过去分词：disappointed, excited, surprised, pleased…
表示______的过去分词：lost, known, married, dressed, gone, drunk…
Later they found that they were lost. The happy time is gone.
常见的作表语的过去分词：
amused (愉快的)； connected (连接的)； broken (碎了的)； closed (关闭的)；astonished (吃惊的)； covered (覆盖的)； crowded (拥挤的)； delighted (高兴的)；；dressed ( 穿着的)； drunk (喝醉的)；experienced (有经验的) ；worried (担忧的)；interested (感兴趣的)； tired (疲劳的)； satisfied (满意的)； surprised (吃惊的)；married (已婚的)，等
③过去分词作表语：强调____________________
被动语态：强调____________________
My glasses are broken. (________)
My glasses were broken by my little daughter. (________)
He was surprised at the news. (________)
I was greatly surprised by a knock at the door. (________)
★练习Practice Choose the best answers.
1. Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South America. (MET1990)
A. invited
B. to invite
C. being invited
D. had been invited
2. Cleaning women in big cities usually get ______ by the hour. (NMET1998)
A. pay
B. paying
C. paid
D. to pay
3. The first textbook ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out
in the 16th century.
A. having written
B. to be written
C. being written
D. written
4. Don't use words, expressions, or phrases ______ only to people with special knowledge.
A. being known
B. having been known
C. to be known
D. known
5. Hearing loud knocks at the door, Sam got ______ and opened it to find who it was.
A. dressed
B. dressing
C. dress
D. being dressed
6. All people present at the meeting were ______ at the surprising news.
A. to surprise
B. surprised
C. being surprised D surprise
7. They now have a government, ______ by all the people.
A. having supported
B. supporting
C. supported
D. to be supported
8. ______ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. (2000)
A. Being founded
B. It was founded
C. Founded
D. Founding
Previewing Case
Task 1
Task 2. 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。

它在句子中可以充当表语、定语、状语等成份。

下面仅谈其作定语和表语的用法。

Exploring Case
探究点一1.
an honored/respected guest
The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
2. a retired teacher 一位退休的教师
They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.
Do you have anything unfinished? 你还有什么没完成的事吗？
fallen leaves落叶 falling leaves正在下落的树叶
a developed country发达国家 a developing country发展中国家
the boiled water(凉）开水 the boiling wate r沸水
二、
情绪；状态
①被动；完成；状态
②情绪；状态
③主语所处的状态
主语所承受的动作
Practice a fter class
Keys:1–8 ACDDA BCC。