(英语)高考英语高中英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧及练习题

（英语）高考英语高中英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧及练习题
一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1．阅读理解
Vietnam aims to solve the relations between economic development and cultural preservation. Vietnamese cultural departments and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.
Vietnam now has more than 40000 historical relics. These relics of various forms and history are treasures for future generations.
However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence of time, war and human activities. Head of Hanoi Relics Management Board, Nguyen Doan Tuan, says rescue work must preserve the relics' soul: "We cannot replace ruined construction with new materials. We must preserve its shape, size and style. We need to pay attention to every brick replaced so that it looks exactly like the original."
Most relics have to rely on tourist fees for repair and rescue work. Director of Van Mieu Cultural and Science Center Dang Kim Ngoc, says that the relics must be promoted widely to attract more visitors and bring in more income for repair and preservation: "We provide constant guide services for visitors so that they understand more about our relics. At the same time, a natural surrounding of the relic has been ensured, including the grass field and garden to improve
its scenic value."
The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work. Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang Quoc Quan, said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, "The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics. We have seen limitations in the preservation of relics, especially festival-related groups of buildings. This requires management and guidance by the government."
Nguyen Thi Minh Ly from the Department of Heritage says the community should be guided in proper behaviors towards relics: "This will ensure the protection of cultural relics in later generations. Creative restoration (修复) must be based on previous (先前的) values."
Experts have called for a systematic (系统的) guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.
（1）Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A.A government survey.
B.A research paper.
C.A newspaper report.
D.A travel guide.
（2）Which of the following is not the reasons for the damaged relics in Vietnam?
A.Human activities.
B.Poor building materials.
C.War influence.
D.The passing of time.
（3）It can be inferred from paragraphs 4-6 that to preserve relics, the government should .
A.turn to the UNESCO for financial help
B.improve the scenic value by raising tourist fees
C.encourage the community to join in the rescue work
D.make full use of the money raised by the local people
（4）What might be the best title for the passage?
A.Guide the Community in Proper Behaviors
B.Replace the Ruined Construction with a New Style
C.Hundreds of Relics in Vietnam Are In Ruins
D.Experts Call for a Systematic Way to Preserve Relics
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，文章说明了文物遭受破坏的原因和文物保护的现状。

就此专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Vietnamese cultural departm ents and activists have tried to preserve the historical and cultural relics in the country.”越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，以及文章主要内容为介绍专家们呼吁用一种系统的方法来保护文物，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“However, hundreds of relics are severely damaged due to the negative influence o f time, war and human activities.”然而，由于时间、战争和人类活动的负面影响，数以百计的文物遭到严重破坏，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的“The local government agreed that the relics must be turned to the community for shared efforts in the preservation work. Director of Vietnam Revolution Museum Dang Quoc Quan, said that the community must be guided in the preservation and protection, ‘The UNESCO aims to let local community take part in the preservation of relics...’”当地政府同意，文物必须移交给社区，共同努力进行保护工作。

越南革命博物馆馆长Dang Quoc Quan说，社会必须在保护和保护的指导下，“联合国教科文组织的目的是让当地社会参与文物的保”可以推断，为了保护文物，政府应该鼓励社区参与救援工作。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段“Experts have called for a systematic guidance by the state in local level preservation while promoting creative thinking in restoration for each relic.”专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复，以及结合文章主要内容为越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产可知，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
In India, most of the women wear a red dot between their eyebrows. While it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital(婚姻的)status, the practice is primarily related to the Hindu(印度教的)religion. The dot goes by different names in different Hindi dialects, and “bindi" is the one that is most commonly known. Traditionally, the dot carries no gender restriction Men as well as women wear it. However, the tradition of men wearing it has faded in recent times, so nowadays we see a lot more women than men wearing one.
The position of the bindi is standard center of the forehead, close to the eyebrows. It represents a third, or inner eye. Hindu tradition holds that all people have three eyes The two outer ones are used for seeing the outside world, and the third one is there to focus inward toward God. As such, the dot means piety(虔诚)and serves as a constant reminder to keep God in the front of a believer's thou ghts.
Red is the traditional color of the dot. It is said that in ancient times a man would place a drop of blood between his wife's eyes to seal their marriage. According to Hindu beliefs, the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple. Today, people go with different colors depending upon their preferences. Women often wear dots that match the color of their clothes. Decorative of sticker bindis come in all sizes, colors and variations, and can be worn by young and old, married and unmarried people alike. Wearing a bindi has become more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.
（1）Why did people in India start wearing a red dot on their forehead?
A.To stress their family background.
B.To indicate their social rank.
C.To show their religious belief.
D.To display their financial status.
（2）What is the function of the third eye in Hindu tradition?
A.To help the other eyes see better.
B.To look to the distance.
C.To see the outside world.
D.To pay respect to God.
（3）Why was red chosen as the original color of the bindi?
A.The word "bindi" means "red" in some Hindi dialects.
B.Red was believed to be a lucky color for husband and wife.
C.The red dot represented the blood of God.
D.Red stood for a wife's love for her husband.
（4）Which of the following statements is true about bindis today?
A.Bindis are now used to make people look better.
B.Bindis are worn anywhere on the face now.
C.Most Indian women do not wear bindis anymore.
D.More men than women wear bindis in India.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，大多数印度女人的眉毛中间都戴着红点，这种做法主要与印度教有关，它代表的是第三只眼，可以时时提醒信徒要尊敬上帝。

现在眉心红点更多的是作为装饰品使用。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“In India, most of the women wear a red dot between their eyebrows. While it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital（婚姻的）status, the practice is primarily related to the Hindu（印度教的）religion.”在印度，大多数女性的眉毛上都有一个红点。

虽然这通常被认为是他们婚姻状况的一个指标，但这种做法主要与印度教有关。

可知这种做法主要与印度教有关，所以印度人前额戴红点是展示他们的宗教信仰。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段可知，印度传统上认为人有第三只眼。

以及“As such，the dot serves as a constant reminder to keep God inthe front of a believer's thoughts．”因此，点作为一个持续的提醒，以保持神在信徒的思想面前。

所以第三眼在印度教传统中的重要性是要尊重上帝。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“According to Hindu beliefs，the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple．”可知，根据印度教的信仰，红色被认为能为已婚的夫妇带来好运。

故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Decorative or sticker bindis come in all sizes，colorsand variations，and can be worn by young and old，married and unmarried people alike．Wearinga bindi has become more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.” 装饰物或贴纸贴纸有各种尺寸、颜色和变化，年轻人和老年人、已婚人士和未婚人士都可以佩戴。

佩戴宾蒂帽与其说是一种宗教习俗，不如说是一种时尚宣言。

可知，眉心红点现在更多的被用作装饰品。

故选A．
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Fantastic Fall Festivals You Won't Want to Miss
Seymour Apple Festival
Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment! More than 15, 000 people from all over the region come out to take part in the activities, ranging from drawings, vendor booths, food, apple contests, bike-decorating contests, and more.
Marionville Apple Festival
The popular Marionville Apple Festival is home to countless activities and events. The carnival, pony rides, and games will keep the kids busy, while adults will enjoy watching the pie-eating contest and browsing dozens of craft vendor booths.
Humansville Fall Festival
The Humansville Fall Festival may be hosted by a small town but that doesn't mean it's lacking big fun. Perfect for all ages, this fall festival is celebrating its 70th year and will provide three full
days of fun. This year's festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years. You'll also find fun carnival rides, talented artisans selling their goods, and an amazing parade to wrap up the event on Saturday.
Southside Fall Festival
The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment and free admission. Enjoy a colorful parade and float contest, delicious food vendors, live music, karaoke, and more.
Fall Into Arts Festival
Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival, and much more.
（1）Which festivals are free of charge?
A. Southside Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival.
B. Seymour Apple Festival and Southside Fall Festival.
C. Humansville Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival.
D. Seymour Apple Festival and Marionville Apple Festival.
（2）What makes Humansville Fall Festival special this year?
A. Fun activities on Saturday.
B. The duration of the festival.
C. The area of the hosting town.
D. Musicians' live performance.
（3）Fall Into Arts Festival is specially welcomed by ________.
A. movie lovers
B. modern artists
C. visitors of all ages
D. families with kids
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个秋季的节日。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据Seymour Apple Festival部分中的“Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment!”可知，西摩苹果节的门票是免费的，娱乐也是免费的！和Southside Fall Festival部分中的“The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment and free admission.”可知，此节日也是免费入场。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据 Humansville Fall Festival部分中的“This year's festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years.”可知，今年的音乐节将以当地优秀音乐家的现场音乐为特色，使它有别于往年。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据Fall Into Arts Festival部分中的“Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food,
a mini film festiv al, and much more.”可知，秋季艺术节既有许多孩子喜爱的活动，也有为父
母准备的活动，故特别受到有孩子的家庭的欢迎。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信
息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

It's not unusual to see an unreasonable child lying on the ground drumming his heels. Beside
him is a desperate mother yelling at the top of her lungs. Raising a well-behaved kid is really a head-scratching thing.
If you took all the parenting styles around the world and ranked them by their gentleness, the Inuit (因纽特人) approach would certainly rank near the top. All the moms mention one golden role: Don't shout or yell at small children. Inuit's no-yelling policy is their central component to raising cool-headed kids. The culture views scolding, or even speaking to children in all angry voice, as inappropriate, although little kids are pushing parents' buttons.
Playful "storytelling" is another trick to sculpting kids' behavior. But this storytelling differs hugely from those fairy tales full of moral lessons. Parents "retell" what happened when a boy threw a tantrum(发脾气)by way of what Shakespeare would understand all too well: putting on a "drama". After the child has calmed down, the parents will review what happened when the child misbehaved, usually starting with a question: "Can you show us how to throw a tantrum?" Then
the child has to think what he should do. If he takes the bait and performs the action, the mom
will ask a follow-up question with a playful tone. For example: "Does that seem right?" or "Are
you a baby?" She is getting across the idea that "big boys" won't throw a tantrum.
Kids' brains are still developing the circuitry needed for self-control. What you do in response
to your children's emotions shapes their brains. So next time, seeing your boy misbehave, try using the Inuit's storytelling approach. And don't forget to keep cool. After all, boys will be boys.
（1）Which of the following best explains "pushing parents' buttons" underlined in Paragraph 2?
A. Talking with parents.
B. Playing with parents' buttons.
C. Exposing parents' faults.
D. Making parents annoyed.
（2）What do we know about Inuit's "storytelling"?
A. It aims at playing a trick on kids.
B. It raises kids' awareness of morality.
C. It comes after a child misbehaves.
D. It analyzes Shakespeare's dramas.
（3）What's the author's attitude to children's misbehavior?
A. Cautious
B. Tolerant
C. Uncaring
D. Skeptical
（4）What's the main idea of the text?
A. Inuit's approach to parenting.
B. Values of reading literary works.
C. Causes of children's misbehavior.
D. Parents' responses to "storytelling".
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，因纽特人教育孩子的方式最温柔，介绍了因纽特人
教育孩子的黄金规则“不对小孩叫喊”以及他们塑造孩子行为的一种方式“讲故事”，让我们时刻记住孩子做错事的时候要保持冷静。

（1）考查词义猜测。

划线词组所在句子为让步状语从句，"although（即使）"前后句是相反关系。

句意为：这种文化认为训斥孩子，或者以生气的口吻对孩子说话都是不合适的，即使小孩子让家长生气的时候也是这样。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"Parents "retell" what happened when a boy threw a tantrum (发脾气) by way of…"可知，家长讲述的是小男孩发脾气时所发生的事情。

也就是说故事内容就是小孩子做错的事情。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的"And don't forget to keep cool. After all, boys will be boys. 不要忘记保持冷静。

毕竟，孩子就是孩子。

"可知，作者认为小孩子犯错时，家长要宽容孩子的错误，不能对孩子要求太高。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

文章主要通过讲述因纽特人温柔地教育孩子的方式，让我们对如何教育孩子有所启发。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
Visitors must present all carried items for inspection upon entry. After inspection, all bags, backpacks, umbrella, parcels and other items as determined by security officers must be left at the checkrooms, free of charge, close to each entrance. All oversized bags, backpacks and luggage must be left at the checkrooms near the 4th Street entrance of either the East or West Building. These items will have to be x-rayed before being accepted. Items of value, such as laptop computers, cameras and fur coats, may not be left in the checkrooms but may be carried into the gallery. We regret that the museum doesn't have enough space for visitors items larger than 17*26 inches in the gallery.
Additional security procedures and checks may be taken according to the decision of the gallery. *For the safety of the artworks and other visitors, nothing may be carried on a visitor's back. Soft front-baby carriers are allowed, but children may not be carried on shoulders or in a child carrier worn on the back. Wheelchairs are available free of charge near each checkroom.
*Smoking is prohibited. Food and drink are not permitted outside the food service areas. Unopened bottled water may be carried only in a visitor's bag. Cell phones may not be used in the gallery.
*Animals, other than service animals, are not permitted.
*Skateboarding is prohibited.
*Picture-taking(including video) for personal use is permitted except in the special exhibits.
*Please don't touch the works of art.
（1）According to the text, which item can be carried into the gallery?
A. umbrella
B. package
C. Ipad
D. suitcase
（2）When in the gallery, what can visitors do?
A. They can carry opened bottled water in their bags.
B. They can drink inside the food service areas.
C. They can take pictures for personal use anywhere.
D. They must pay if they use wheelchairs for the children.
（3）What is the text mainly about?
A. The polices of the gallery
B. The artworks of the gallery
C. The location of the gallery
D. The history of the gallery
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了参观博物馆的一些规定。

比如，游客携带的物品需要在入口处接受检查；过大的物品不允许带入博物馆；此外，除了服务犬外其他动物不允许进入等等。

(1)考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“After inspection, all bags, backpacks, umbrella, parcels and other items as determined by security officers must be left at the checkrooms, free of charge, close to each entrance.“可知，伞、背包和手提包等都不可以带进国家美术馆。

故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。

根据带星号要点的第二点“Food and drink are not permitted outside the food service areas.“可知，不允许饮食服务区以外的食品和饮料，可推知可以饮用饮食服务区内供应的饮料，故选B。

(3)考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了艺术展上，参观者需要注意的事项，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Over the years, cheerleading has taken two primary forms: game-time cheerleading and competitive cheerleading. Game-time cheerleaders' main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead them with team cheers, which should not be considered a sport. However, competitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment. It is really a competitive sport.
Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity. The majority of the teams require a certain level of tumbling (翻腾) ability. It's a very common thing for gymnasts, so it's easy for them to go into competitive cheerleading. Usually these cheerleaders integrate lots of their gymnastics experience including their jumps, tumbling, and overall energy. They also perform lifts and throws. This is where the "fliers" are thrown in the air, held by "bases" in different positions that require strength and working with other teammates.
Competitive cheerleading is also an activity that is governed by rules under which a winner can be declared. It is awarded points for technique, creativity and sharpness. Usually the more difficult the action is, the better the score is. That's why cheerleaders are trying to experience
great difficulty in their performance.
Besides, there is also a strict rule of time. The whole performance has to be completed in less than three minutes and fifteen seconds, during which the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain area. Any performance beyond the limit of time is invalid.
Another reason for the fact that competitive cheerleading is one of the hardest sports is that it has more reported injuries. According to some research, competitive cheerleading is the number one cause of serious sports injuries to women. Emergency room visits for it are five times the number than for any other sport, partially because cheerleaders don't use protective equipment. Smiling cheerleaders are thrown into the air and move down into the arms of the teammates, which may easily cause injuries. Generally, these injuries affect all areas of the body, including wrists, shoulders, ankles, head, and neck.
There can be no doubt that competitive cheerleading is a sport with professional skills. Hopefully, it will appear in the Olympics since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports. It should be noted that it is a team sport and even the smallest mistake made by one teammate can bring the score of the entire team down. So without working together to achieve the goal, first place is out of reach.
（1）What is the main purpose of competitive cheerleading?
A. To compare skills of participants.
B. To make the audience feel amused.
C. To attract more people to watch events.
D. To cheer up the competitors on the court.（2）The underlined word "integrate" in Paragraph 2 probably means "________".
A. examine
B. combine
C. identify
D. replace
（3）We can learn from the passage that competitive cheerleading ________.
A. lacks necessary guidelines to follow
B. enjoys greater popularity than other sports
C. requires more designed actions than gymnastics
D. has a relatively high rate of damage to the body
（4）Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion
A. B. C. D.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竞技啦啦队不同于普通的啦啦队，它是一项具有专业技能的运动，有自己的规则，融入了一些体操的技能。

队员必须有团队精神，队员的受伤率很高。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“competitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment. It is really a competitive sport.和Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity.”及最后一段中的“There can be no doubt that competitive cheerleading is a sport with professional skills. ”竞技啦啦队是竞争性的运动，是一项具有专业技能的运动。

故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“including their jumps, tumbling, and overall energy.”通常这些竞技啦啦队长会将他们的体操经验融入其中，包括跳跃、翻滚和总能量。

"integrate"指整合，结合，融入与combine同义，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“Another reason for the fact that competitive cheerleading is one of the hardest sports is that it has more reported injuries.”及“Generally, these injuries affect all areas of the body, including wrists, shoulders, ankles, head, and neck.”可知，竞技啦啦队很容易造成队员受伤，会造成身体多个部位的伤害。

故选D。

（4）考查文章结构。

第一段是总体介绍竞技啦啦队，第二段介绍其包括内容和标准，第三、四段介绍其难度很高，第五段介绍竞技啦啦队受伤率很高。

最后一段得出结论竞技啦啦队是一项专业技能的运动。

属于总分总结构，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和文章结构三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Going back to school can be an anxious time for many students. But one institution in Texas is doing its part to make sure middle schoolers are returning refreshed and inspired to learn. Through a process called the "bathroom inspiration project," teachers and administrators at Warren Middle School, spent their summer beautifying the school's restrooms by painting motivational murals (壁画) on each of the stalls (小隔间).Forming messages like "Your mistakes don't define you" and "Scatter (撒播) kindness," the brightly colored words are exactly what a young student needs to see when having a rough day-or any school day for that matter. And now that classes are officially in session, people are already noticing a positive impact.
Since posting photos of upgrades to the school in July, Principal Joshua Garcia says that the alterations have aroused a great response.
"Students have been talking about the murals from the moment the pictures had been posted. Some even took the time to find a reason to come up to the campus to see the murals," he says. "I think what makes this small little action so valuable is that it has set the tone for our campus."
And not only is that important to students, parents, and fellow staff, but it is also vital for the school's new principal, who is trying to gain the trust of the community during a time in which trust is so necessary for schools.
"Being new to the campus, I think the parents were able to see how much I value their children and have their best interest at heart," Garcia continues. "I have had many parents tell me how they can just feel a difference in the campus climate and how much they are enjoying seeing their children wanting to come here. These murals have put trust back in the campus and its teachers, and by doing so we are able to build a culture in which our students want to be here and learn."（1）What has happened at Warren Middle School?
A.Painting has become popular among most students.
B.Some students have suffered great anxiety at school.
C.Its toilets have been beautified with inspiring words.
D.Motivational murals have been made in each classroom.
（2）What does the underlined word "alterations" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Rules
B.Arguments
C.Changes
D.Opportunities
（3）What's students and parents' attitude toward those murals?
A.Negative
B.Ambiguous
C.Uninterested
D.Supportive
（4）What does Garcia intend to do according to the text?
A.Reduce increasing anxiety.
B.Build an artistic atmosphere.
C.Create a trusting environment.
D.Introduce a new culture to society.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，德克萨斯州的一所中学绘制卫生间文化墙，用正能量的语言激励学生，从而获得学生和家长的一致好评。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Through a process called the‘bathroom inspiration project,’ teachers and administrators at Warren Middle School, spent their summer beautifying the school's restrooms by painting motivational murals on each of the stalls Forming messages like ‘Your mistakes don't define you’and‘Scatter kindness,’"可知，该中学用励志语言美化了卫生间的每一个小隔间。

故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的“doing its part to make sure middle schoolers are returning refreshed and insp ired to learn,”以及本段划线单词前面的Since posting photos of
upgrades to the school和后面的have aroused a great response 可推知，该校别具一格的特色改变引起了大家的关注。

故alterations在此意为“改变”。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“Students have been talking about the murals from the moment the pictures had been posted. Some even took the time to find a reason to come up to the campus to see the murals ”以及最后一段中的“I have had many parents tell me how they can just feel a difference in the campus climate and how much they are enjoying seeing their children wanting to come here ”可推知，学生和家长对学校的这一举措持支持态度。

故选D。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的“it is also vital for the school's new principal, who is trying to gain the trust of the community during a time in which trust is so necessary or schools”以及最后一段中Garcia所说的“These murals have put trust back in the campus ”可推知，校长Garcia希望创建一个家长对学校充满信任的大环境。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相对主义), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries.
History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today's popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future.
In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because" the general principles of taste are uniform(不变的) in human nature," the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries.
Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the long-lasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.
（1）According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism?
A. It introduces different cultural values.
B. It explains the history of artistic works.
C. It relates artistic values to local conditions.
D. It excites the human mind throughout the world.。