雅思9text2section4

雅思9text2section4
In section 4, the text focuses on the topic of climate change and its impact on the world. The main points covered are:
1. The increase in global temperature: The text states that the Earth's average surface temperature has risen by 0.6 degrees Celsius over the past century, with the majority of this increase occurring in the past few decades. This warming trend is attributed to human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels, which release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
2. Rising sea levels: As the Earth's temperature rises, polar ice caps and glaciers melt, causing sea levels to rise. This not only poses a threat to coastal communities, but also exacerbates the severity of storms and flooding. The text mentions that an estimated 634 million people live in coastal areas that are vulnerable to this issue.
3. Extreme weather events: Climate change is also responsible for an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, droughts, and heatwaves. The text cites several examples of recent devastating weather events around the world, including Hurricane Katrina in the United States and the European heatwave in 2003.
4. Impacts on ecosystems and biodiversity: Climate change has significant implications for ecosystems and biodiversity. The text explains how rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns can disrupt ecosystems and lead to habitat loss and species extinction. It also mentions the coral bleaching phenomenon, where rising ocean temperatures cause coral reefs to lose their
vibrant colors and become more susceptible to disease.
5. The need for action: The text emphasizes the urgency of addressing climate change and calls for international cooperation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It mentions that the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement aimed at reducing these emissions, is a step in the right direction but needs to be strengthened and followed by all countries.
Overall, the text highlights the serious consequences of climate change and stresses the need for immediate action to mitigate its effects.。