通用版高考英语二轮复习学案：人与社会类阅读理解精讲(四) Word版含答案

2021届高考英语人与社会类阅读精讲（四）
万圣节的由来和影响
There's nothing particularly difference about the way Canadians celebrate Halloween, yet perhaps at least in my neighborhood, it seems to be more about togetherness than any great passion to wear a witch's hat or string some nets around the bush. Folklorists trace Halloween back to the Celtic festival of Samhain. Nicholas Rogers, in his book Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night,says the feast marked the midpoint between the autumn equinox（秋分）and the fall of winter, a time of stock-taking and preparations.
Halloween came to North America with Irish and Scottish migration in the 19th century and underwent many repeats. “Halloween's ability to provide a public space for social development held it in good position at a time when other potentially wild holidays were becoming more institutionalized and domesticated （驯服的），"argues Mr. Rogers. It changed from a family affair to a party united by adults.
In popular culture, Halloween is viewed as an American secular holiday. According to digital coupon company RetailMeNot, 73% of Americans plan to celebrate it this year, and ifs a phenomenon in Canada too. "It's become bigger and more celebrated than it ever has，'‘ says Chris Ainsworth, who founded the Canadian Haunters Association, a group of hardcore Halloween enthusiasts who turn their homes into detailed haunted houses each year. In 2018, the Retail Council of Canada made news saying Canadians were now outspending Americans on Halloween, to the total of $ 1 billion annually. The estimate has remained stable, says Diane Brisebois, the council president. Tha t’s not because enthusiasm has declined but because prices have been driven down.
Some here are unsatisfied with the commercial in the festivities. But in some ways the holiday has also returned to its roots as a community-centered activity. And perhaps tha t’s why everyone gets so excited about Halloween in Toronto, a metropolis that is known as a “city of villages”.
1 .What do the Canadians seem to like about Halloween?
A.It enriches people's life.
B.It makes people excited.
C.It provides people get-together.
D.It marks the fall of the Autumn.
2.Why does the Halloween keep a steady position according to Paragraph 2?
A.It goes through reformation.
B.It can give a space for social development.
C.It provides people with different ideas about holidays.
D.It can change other holidays into more reasonable ones.
3.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .
A.the Halloween always make people excited
B.people in Toronto like to celebrate Halloween
C.the Halloween is gradually returning its tradition
D.people aren't content with commercial activities in Halloween
4.From which is the text probably taken?
A. A biology textbook.
B. A health report.
C. A research paper.
D. A culture magazine.
文章语言点学习
重点词汇和短语
语法和长难句
1 .Nicholas Rogers, in his book Halloween: From Pagan Ritual Io Party Night, says the feast marked
主语状语谓语宾语从句主语谓语
the midpoint between the autumn equinox（秋分）and the fall of winter, a time of stock-taking and preparations.
宾语定语同位语
（第一段第三句）
【功能注释】这是一个主从复合句。

says后接宾语从句。

【译文］Nicholas Rogers,在他的Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night书中说道,这场盛宴意味着秋分过半,储备的日子——冬天,即将来临。

2.“Halloween's ability to provide a public space for social development held it in good position
主语定语谓语宾语宾补
at a time when other potentially wild holidays were becoming more institutionalized
时间状语定语从句引导词主语系动词表语
and domesticated（驯服的），” argues Mr. Rogers.（第二段第二句）
【功能注释】这是一个主从复合句。

when引导定语从句，修饰先行词time。

【译文】Rogers先生争论道:“在其他潜力十足的节日变得更习俗化和本土化情况下，万圣节为社会发展提供公共空间的能力使它一直处于有利地位。

”
2.And perhaps that's why everyone gets so excited about Halloween in Toronto, a metropolis
主系表语从句同位语
that is known as a “city of villages”.（最后一段最后一句）
定语从句引导词系动词表语
【功能注释】这是一个主从复合句。

why引导表语从句;that引导定语从句。

【译文】也许这就是每个人都对多伦多的万圣节如此感兴趣的原因,多伦多...个被称为“乡村之城”的大都市
词汇巩固练习
一、根据英文提示，填写单词正确形式［训练词汇正确运用及词性转换能力］
1．China's 70th birthday (mark) with a grand ceremony at the Tiananmen Square.
2．Swallows begin their ( migrate) south in autumn.
3．Clearly this is a (potential) dangerous situation.
4．The law should (view) as a way of meeting certain social goals.
5．Bob Dole seemed less than ( enthusiasm) about the proposed move.
二、根据汉语提示，完成句子［训练词汇、短语在语境中的写作应用］
6. It's said that these tomatoes (追溯到)the southern Ukraine during the early 19th century.
7 . This new series promises a (盛宴)of special effects and set designs.
8.The memory of that day still (萦绕着)me.
9.The injured man was in a (稳定的)condition.
10.An increase in cars has resulted in the (下降)of public transport.
答案速查：
1-4 CBCD
词汇巩固练习
1.was marked
2.migration
3.potentially
4.be viewed
5.enthusiastic
6.traced/date back to
7.feast
8.haunts
9.stable
10.decline
【背景知识】
万圣节前夜源自古代凯尔特民族（Celtic）的新年节庆，又名万圣夜。

其英语名称中的“Hallow”源于中古英语的 “halween”，与“holy”词源很接近，意思是在纪念所有圣人（All Hallows）的那一天要举行的弥撒（Mass）。

欧洲传统上认
为万圣节前夜是灵异世界最接近人间的时间。

现在，万圣夜已经变成一年中最流行和最受欢迎的节日之一，许多人都
以极大的热情来庆祝这一节日。

万圣夜在11月1日的前一夜，其实是赞美秋天的节目。

【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了万圣节的由来、影响以及加拿大人庆祝万圣节的情况。

【语篇结构】
【试题解析】。