初中英语语法梳理和提高――形容词和副词讲解试题解读

初中英语语法梳理和提高一一形容词和副词讲解试题
形容词和副词
知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！
一、形容词
用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词
形容词的作用，见下表：
作用例句
疋语You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garde n.
表语
Your coat is too
sm
all
The old woma n keeps everythi ng clea n and tidy.
注意：有些形容词只能作表语，如：alo ne, afraid, asleep 等。

例如: Don't wake the sleep ing baby up. He is asleep.
The old man is alone.
宾语补足语
等不定代词，要放在形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything
这些词的后面。

例如：
You'd better tell us someth ing in terest ing.
The police found nothing stra nge in the room.
多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是：1 ）冠词或人称代词 2 ）数
词 3 ）性质4）大小 5 ）形状
6）表示老少，新旧7 ）颜色8 ）事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。

例如：
His gran dpa still lives in this small short house.
他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。

The woma n bought two beautiful Chin ese plates.
那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。

形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复
数。

这类词有：rich / poor;
good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; livi ng / dead ; black / white （表示人种等。

例如：
The young should take good care of the old.
年轻人应该好好照顾老人。

The rich n ever help the poor in this coun try.
在这个国家，富人从来不帮助穷人。

表示数量的词组。

如：
One day, a young man, twen ty-five years old, came to visit the professor.
有一天，一位25岁的年轻人来拜访这位教授。

I live in a buildi ng about fifty meters high.
我住在一做大约50米高的大楼里。

形容词短语做定语时要后置。

如：
They are the stude nts easy to teach.
他们是很容易较的学生。

We live in a house much larger tha n yours.
我们住的房子比你们的大得多。

else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。

如：
Did you see an ybody else?
你看到别的人了吗？
二、副词
英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同，它的位置比较灵活。

通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。

下面来介绍一下副词的分类方法：
多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。

如：
We are living happily.
我们幸福的生活着。

He runs slowly.
他跑的很慢。

时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。

如：
They went to the park yesterday morni ng.
昨天上午他们去公园了。

I heard him sing En glish songs over there.
我听见他在那边唱英语歌曲。

He drove the jeep carefully.
他小心地开着吉普。

注意：有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首，起强调作用。

如：
Yesterday I got up late.
昨天我起床很晚。

频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后，实义动词之前
如：He is seldom ill.
他很少生病。

You must always remember this.
你一定要记住这一点。

I ofte n write to my pare nts.
我经常写信给父母。

Do you usually go to school on foot.
你经常走路去上学？
He has n ever bee n to Beiji ng.
他从来没有去过北京。

注意：有时为了加强语气，频度副词也可放在句首。

如：
Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike. 有时她乘公共汽车上学，有时骑自行车去。

程度副词修饰动词时，与频度副词相同，修饰形容词和副词时，放在它所修
饰的词前面。

如：
That's quite early.
那很早。

I n early missed the bus.
我几乎错过了公交车。

She did rather badly.
她干得相当糟。

否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。

如：
She seldom goes out at ni ght.
她晚上很少出门。

I am n ever late for school.
我上学从不迟到。

We had hardly got to the station when the train left.
火车离开时，我们差不多/几乎到了车站。

疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。

如：
When can you come?
你什么时候来？
How many days are there in a mon th?
一个月有多少天？
What are you going to do whe n you grow up?
张大以后，你打算干什么？
Where were you born?
你是在那里出生的？
Why did n't he come?
他为什么没有来？
关系副词when, where, why 引导定语从句时，位于从句之前、所修饰的词之后。

如: Tell me the reas on why you did it.
把你这样做的理由告诉我。

It's the sort of day whe n you'd like to stay in bed.
这是个令人恋床不起的日子。

I don't know the place where we will go.
我不知道我们将要去的地方。

同时存在时间状语和地点状语时，时间状语一般放在后面。

如：
The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.
明天会议将在教室里举行。

He watched TV in his room last ni ght.
他作晚在房间里看电视。

They arrived in Beiji ng at 8 o'clock last evening.
他们昨天晚上8:00到达北京。

注：有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。

如：
late, wide, well, fast, easy, early
等
The road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time. Open your mouth wide.
三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下：
1符合规则的：
例词
more delicious
多音节和部分双音节单词
在词前加more ; most
most delicious
直接加-er; -est
tall-taller-tallest
以e 结尾的词
加-r ; -st
nice-nicer- ni cest
以“辅音+y ”结尾的词
变y 为i 再加-er ; -est
dry-drier-driest heavy-heavier-heaviest
以一个辅音字母结尾的词
辅音字母双写，再加-er ;
-est
thin-thinn er-thi nnest
2）几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表:
原级 比较级 最高级
good , well better best
bad , ill worse worst
many , much
more
most
形容词和副词比较级的用法
级别
比较程度
表达方式和意义
例句
备注
原
同 肯
Art is as
等
疋
As+原级+as in teresti ng
as
music.
程 形
（像……一样 Play as well
as
级 度 式
you can.
little less least
far
farther / further
farthest / furthest
否
En glish is not
so difficult as scie nee.
She does not
study so well as I do.
疋
形 式
not + so (as
+原级+as
(不如……那 样
不同程度 比较级+tha
n
比较级 （用于两者
比
较）
(比……
比较级+and+
He is grow ing 比较级 taller and （越来 taller. 程度加 越……)
He studies 深 The +比较
better and 级，the +比
better. 较级 The more books （越
she reads, the
Jim is older
加
than Luky.
much, far,
I like pork
eve n, still,
better tha n
beef.
a lot, a
little, a bit
比较级前面可以
Spring is the best seas on
最高程度
The +最高级+of
of the year.
最高级（用于三者或
(in
Lin Tao
副词最咼级前面
的the 往往省略
三者以上）
(最 ....
jumped (the
farthest of
all.
2. Which is the ________ coun try, Japa n or Australia?
3. There were _______shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.
A. little
B. few
C. fewer
D. less
越……)
better she un dersta nd.
注意：有些形容词，如 比较级。

dead, empty, round, sure, woole n
等受本身含义的限制，没有
例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松!
He is _______ f riends tha n I. A. much more B. many more
C. very more
D. too more
解析：后面有可数名词复数时,
many 的比较级形式为
many more 修饰。

应选B.
A. more developed
most develop ing
B. more develop ing
C. most developed
D.
解析： 两者比较用比较级, 中的”
意思
表示”发达”用developed, 而developing 是”发展
所以应选C.
解析：little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级,
4. If you are not free today, come ano ther day ________ .
A. too
B. so
C. in stead
D. yet
解析：in stead 作副词用时意为”代替，顶替”，表示前面的事情没做，而是做了后面的事。

In stead 一般位于句首。

应选 C.
5. He can't tell us ________ , I think.
A. importa nt anything
B. anything importa nt
C. importa nt someth ing
D. someth ing importa nt.
解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用anything而不是something.
因此应选B
6. The Huang River is the sec ond ________ river in our coun try.
A. l ong
B. Ion ger
C. Ion gest
D. the Ion gest
解析："定冠词the+序数词+形容词最高级”表示”第几大……"应选C.
7. The light in the office was n't ______ for him to read.
A. eno ugh bright
B. bright eno ugh
C. brightly
D. eno ugh brightly
解析：enough修饰名词时可前可后，修饰形容词或副词时，要后置。

应选B.
8. There was an accide nt at the corner. ______ , the girl was n't
________ hurt.
A. luckily, badly
B. luck, hardly
C. Lucky, heavily
D. Lucky, stro ngly
解析：第一空修饰全句需用副词，第二空修饰形容词hurt也要用副词，因此选A.
9. You must keep your eyes ________ whe n you do eye exercises.
A. close
B. ope n
C. closed
D., ope ned
解析：此处需用形容词做宾语补足语。

应选C.
10. Five days has passed , but I have n't fini shed half of the work. ______ ,
A. already
B. still
C. too
D. yet
解析：already 与yet都可用于现在完成时态。

Already常用于肯定句，而yet
常用与否定句。

应选 D.
练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩!
选择最佳答案填空: Don't worry, sir. I'm sure I can run ________ to catch up with them. A. slowly eno ugh B. eno ugh slowly C. fast eno ugh D. eno ugh fast 2. The text is very easy for you. There are ________ new words in it. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little 3. It's such an ________ film that all the stude nts are ______ i n it. A. in teresti ng; in terested B. in terested; in teresti ng in terest ing D. i nterested; in terested; in terested C. in terest ing; 4. Mingming got up very ______ ,so he came to school half an hour ______ A. late; lately B. lately; late C. lately; lately D. late; late 5. I am _______ worried about y pare nts' healthy con diti ons. A. some times B. sometime C. sometimes D. some times 6. We don't have _______ every day. A. a lot of school works B. many school work C. any school works D. much school work 7. -Look! How fast the two horses are running! --Oh, yes! They are n early ______ . A. up and dow n B. slower and slower C. more or less D. n eck and n eck 8. _____ childre n there are in family, ______ their life will be. A. The less; the better More; poorer B. The fewer; the better C. Fewer; richer D.
9. Most of the people in Guan gdo ng are gett ing ______ A. more and more rich richer D. richer and richest B. more rich and more rich C. richer and 10. Which less on is ______ , this one or that one?
A. difficult difficult
B. much difficult
C. more difficult
D. the most
11. "A _____ accide nt happe ned at 7:30 a.m." said the policema n ______
A. serious, serious
B. seriously, seriously
C. seriously, serious
D. serious, seriously
12. ______ is it from our school to Lupu Bridge?
A. How long
B. How ofte n
C. How far
D. How much
13. In our city, it is ____ in July, but it is even ________ in August.
A. hotter; hottest
B. hot; hot
C. hotter; hot
D. hot; hotter
14. This pencil is _____ that one.
A. so long as
B. as Ion ger as
C. Ion ger tha n
D. not as Ion gest as
15. The stati on is two kilometers _____ the hospital.
A. away to
B. far away
C. far from
D. away from
16. Beiji ng has ____ many buses that there is ofte n a traffic jam in rush
hours.
A. so
B. very
C. too
D. much
17. This box is _____ heavy ________ I can't carry it.
A. too, to
B. so, that
C. very, that
D. too, that
18. India has the second ______ population in the world.
A. larger
B. most
C. smallest
D. largest
19. Mary received _______ m any postcards at Christmas.
A. so
B. such
C. too
D. even
20. The cake smells _____ . Please throw it away.
A. good
B. badly
C. bad
D. well
21. --- What was the weather like yesterday?
---It was terrible. It rained so ________ that people could _______ go
out.
A. hardly hard
B. hardly …hardly
C. hard …hardly
D.
hard …hard
22. The meet ing will be held in half an hour, but they have n't got everyth ing
ready ___ .
A. ever
B. already
D. still
C. yet
23. --- What about the En glish novel?
---It's not very difficult. There are only _________ new words in it.
A. few
B. a few
C. many
D. a little
24. How beautiful she sings! I've n ever heard ______ .
A. the better voice
B. a good voice
C. the best voice
D. a better voice 25. Mr Smith always has ____________ to tell us.
A. some good pieces of n ews n ews
C. some good piece of n ews new
26. I'm afraid the headmaster is ________ b usy to meet the visitors.
A. too much
B. much too
C. so much
D. very much
27. - Dad , whe n will you be free?
You agreed to go to the seaside with me
four days ago. --I am sorry, Jea n. But I thi nk I will have a ____ holiday soon.
A. four-days
B. four-day
C. four days
D. four day
28. The scenery in Sanya looks ______ , especially "Tia n Ya Hai Jiao" is
A, well, best
B. fine, the most famous
C. nice,
better D. beautifully, the best 29. What a ______ day it is! Let's go out for a walk.
A. wi ndy
B. lovely
C. rai ny
D.cloudy
30. Of the two. Australia n stude nts , Masha is _____ on e. I think you can
find her easily.
A, tallest
B, the taller C. taller D. the tallest
1-5 CCADC 6-10 DDBCC 11-15 DCDCD 16-20 ABDAC
21-25 CCADB 26-30 BBBBB B. some pieces of good D. some piece of good。