高中英语 Unit 2 The United Kingdom Section Ⅳ

Unit 2
第一步速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P14教材课文，选择最佳答案/补全段落大意
1．The passage is mainly about ．
A．the route of Pingyu's visit
B．some places of interest in London
C．the details of Pingyu's trip
D．a brief introduction to London
[答案]B
2．Zhang Pingyu had made a lis t of ①the sites she wanted to see in London.②Her first delight was going to the Tower and the splendid St Paul's Cathedral.The second day，what interested her most was ③the longitude line in Greenwich.The last day she visited ④Karl Marx's statue and the next day she was leaving London for Windsor Castle.
第二步细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P14教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．What is the great surprise to Zhang Pingyu while visiting the Tower?
A．The shape of the tower.
B．A royal palace.
C．The guards' uniform.
D．The Queen's jewels.
2．Which is NOT the place Zhang visited on the first day?
A．The Tower. B．St Paul's Cathedral.
C．Big Ben. D．Greenwich.
3．Tourists to the British Museum in London may enjoy all the following EXCEPT ．
A．Karl Marx's works
B．Karl Marx's reading room
C．treasure of different cultures
D．Chinese pots
4．Where will Pingyu go the next day?
A．Windsor Castle.
B．Karl Marx's statue.
C．Greenwich.
D．Buckingham Palace.
[答案]1－4 CDBA
第三步研读——能力升华接轨高考
根据P14教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Worried about the time available，Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.Her first delight was going to the Tower，1.which was built long ago
by the Norman invaders of AD 1066. Although the buildings 2.had expanded (expand)around it，it remained part of a royal palace and prison combined.There
3.followed(follow) St Paul's Cathedral built after the
4.terrible(terror) fire of London in 1666，which looked splendid when first
5.built (build)！Westminster Abbey，too，was very interesting，
6.containing (contain)statues in memory of dead
7.poets (poet)and writers.She finished the day by looking at the outside of Buckingham Palace，the Queen's house in London.
The second day she visited Greenwich and saw 8.its (it) old ships and famous clock that sets the world time.What interested her most was the longitude line，passing through Greenwich.Standing on either side of the line，she had a photo taken.The last day she visited Karl Marx's statue in Highgate Cemetery.It seemed strange 9.that the man who had developed munism (communist) should have lived and died in London.And the next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．We did some sightseeing (观光) in the morning.
2．My sister and I used to quarrel (争吵) all the time.
3．The basketball match was so exciting that it thrilled (使激动) everyone present at the stadium.
4．She took the list of visitors' names and arranged them into groups of four.
5．It is a delight for her to watch her daughter dance in the show.
6．I folded the letter and then put it into the envelope.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．describe v. 描写；描述→description n. 描写；描述
2．possible adj. 可能的→possibly adv. 可能地→possibility n. 可能(性)
3．delight n. 快乐；高兴；喜悦vt. 使高兴；使欣喜→delighted adj. 喜欢的，高兴的→delightful adj. 令人非常高兴的，讨人喜欢的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．take the place of 代替
2．break down (机器)损坏；破坏
3．make a list of 列出清单
4．to one's great surprise 使某
人非常惊讶的是
5．in memory of... 为了纪念……
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．Please make a list of the things I must buy.
2．Believe it or not，helicopters may take the place of cars some day.
3．Together they planted six pine trees in memory of the success of the conference.
4．His bike is always breaking down，which annoys him a lot.
乐。

quarrel n．[C]争吵；争论；吵架vi.争吵；吵架(教材P12) Do these differences cause conflict or quarrels？这些差异导致冲突或争吵吗？
(1)quarrel with sb. about/over sth.＝have a quarrel with sb. about/over sth. 为某事与某人争吵
(2)have no quarrel with sth.
对某事没有争议
along just fine together.
我以前老是和我父母吵架，不过我们现在相处得很好。

②He has never quarrelled with his wife about/over the living expenses.＝He has never had a quarrel with his wife about the living expenses.
他从未与妻子就生活开销问题吵过架。

take the place of代替；替换
(教材P12) All of the words below can take the place of said，but they are used under different conditions and in different situations.下面所有这些词都能代替动词said，但它们用于不同的情况和语境。

(1)take sb.'s/sth.'s place
＝take the place of sb./sth. 代替
in China in 2022.
众所周知，第24届冬季奥运会将于2022年在中国举行。

②The chairs for the concert were all in place.
音乐会的座椅都已摆放妥当。

③Mr.Li is ill，so I'll take the place of him to give you lessons.＝ Mr.Li is ill，so I'll take his place to give you lessons.＝ Mr.Li is ill，so I'll give you lessons in place of him.＝ Mr.Li is ill，so I'll give you lessons in his place.李老师生病了，因此我代替他给你们上课。

[名师点津]
表示“代替”的表达法
(1)动词(短语)有：take the place of，take sb.'s place，replace
(2)介词短语有：in place of，in one's place，instead of
break down(机器)损坏；破坏；消除；(讨论、谈判等)失败；(身体)垮掉；砸破；(化学)使分解
(教材P13)On my way to the station my car broke down.
在去车站的路上，我的车坏了。

写出下列句中break down的含义
①The printing machines are always breaking down.
(机器)损坏
②Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.
分解
③His health broke down because he had been working too hard.
(身体)垮掉
④The talks between the two sides have broken down.
失败[图形助记]
arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理
(教材P13)They had no time to arrange their own wedding...
他们没有时间筹备自己的婚礼……
(1)arrange to do sth. 安排好做某事
arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事
(2)arrangement n. [U，C] 安排；准备工作
make an arrangement/arrangements for
为……做安排
Dave arranged for someone to drive(drive) him home.
戴夫安排人开车送他回家。

②It's not necessary for parents to arrange everything for their children.
父母没有必要为孩子安排好一切。

③They are making arrangements(arrange) for the important meeting.
他们正在为这次重要的会议做准备。

[名师点津]
表达“安排某人做某事时”不能用arrange sb.to do sth.，而应用arrange for sb.to do sth.。

delight n．快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.使高兴；使欣喜(教材P14) Her first delight was going to the Tower.
她最先想参观的地方是伦敦塔。

(1)delight in (doing) sth. 喜欢(做)某事
(2)with/in delight 高兴地；快乐地
to one's delight/to the delight of sb.
令某人高兴的是
It is a delight to do sth. 很高
兴做某事
(3)delighted adj. 高兴的；愉快的
be delighted to do sth. 高兴做某事
accepted for publication.
使他极为高兴的是，他的小说被批准出版了。

②It is a delight to be invited(invite) to your birthday party.
受到邀请参加你的生日聚会是件快乐的事。

③I am very delighted(delight) to tell you something about Tang poems.
我非常高兴告诉你有关唐诗的事情。

He was delighted to hear the delightful news.
听到那个令人高兴的消息，他感到高兴。

[名师点津]
“快乐，高兴”面面观
(1)delight用作名词的基本意思是“快乐，高兴”，是不可数名词；表示“使人高兴的东西或人”时，是可数名词。

(2)delighted和delightful都表示“高兴的”，区别是：delighted意为“感到高兴的”，所以主语是人；delightful意为“令人高兴的”，所以主语多是物或事情。

thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊n.[C](因快乐、恐怖、兴
奋等)一阵激动；战栗
(教材P14) But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum.但是让她感到震惊的是博物馆里有如此之多的来自不同文化的珍宝。

process and I hope that it won't be the last time.我非常高兴我可以参加这次活动，也希望这不会是最后一次。

②It gave her quite a thrill to shake hands with the film star.
与那位电影明星握手使她非常兴奋。

③They were thrilled to see(see) the rescue team turn up.
看到救援队出现了，他们激动万分。

④It's thrilling(thrill) to see people diving into the sea from a cliff.
看人们从悬崖上跳入海里，真叫人胆战心惊。

We were so thrilled to hear the thrilling news.
听到这个令人激动的消息，我们都很激动。

(教材P14)It looked splendid when first built!
刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！
【要点提炼】when first built为时间状语从句的省略形式，补充完整为when it was first built。

状语从句省略的条件when，while，before，after，unless，as if等状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句中的主语为it，状语从句谓语中含有be动词
状语从句的省略成分省略从句中的主语和be动词
①While cycling(cycle)
骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。

②Fill in a proper preposition where (it is) necessary.
在需要的地方填入一个适当的介词。

③When surfing(surf) on the Internet，I found the news.
当上网时，我发现了这条消息。

④He opened his mouth as if to say(say)something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。

(教材P14) What interested her most was the longitude line.
她最感兴趣的是那条(通过天文台的)经线。

【要点提炼】本句中what引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语。

what是连接代词，引导的从句可以作主语、宾语或表语；what
meeting.
他想知道经理在会议上说了些什么。

②This is what they call Salt Lake City.
这就是他们称为“盐湖城”的地方。

③Show me what you have bought.
把你买的东西给我看看。

④The young girl was too frightened to speak，standing there for what seemed like hours.
小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。

[名师点津]
that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词＋that”。

⑤It's the best that you should work hard.
你最好还是努力工作。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He didn't like the arranged(arrange) marriage and ran away.
2．Having quarreled (quarrel) with his wife about who
should wash the dishes，he felt very upset.
3．Thrilled (thrill) at the good news，she couldn't say a word.
4．We were delighted (delight) to hear the news of his recovery.
5．Some film stars' fame is not consistent (consist) with their behavior，which often lets the fans down.
6．What surprised us most there was the beauty of the scenery.
7．I've arranged for the window cleaner to come (come) on Thursday.
8．It seems strange that he should have known (know) about it.
9．The problem will lead to more problems if left (leave) unsolved.
10．Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．因为吵架他们向父亲道歉。

They apologized to their father for having quarrelled with each other.
2．他们安排第二年春天离开。

They arranged to leave the following spring.
3．从前，在山脚下住着一位老人。

Once upon a time，there lived an old man at the foot of the hill.
4．他竟然吃玻璃，这似乎很不可思议。

It seems strange that he should eat glass.
5．使这家商店与众不同的是它提供更人性化的服务。

What makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.。