高中英语阅读理解(时文广告)解题技巧及练习题含解析

高中英语阅读理解(时文广告)解题技巧及练习题含解析
一、高中英语阅读理解时文广告类
1．阅读理解
Various cultural activities always take place on campus in springy March. This year, the Office of Student Affairs is going to organize the South and Southeast Asian Cultural Festival to present cultures of these two regions across the board---the opening ceremony, food and cultural booths, talks and workshops, and many others. Don't be spoilt for choice!
Local South and Southeast Asian Market
The Cultural Square will be transformed into a local market where diverse South and Southeast Asian cultures meet. Visitors can taste local food, meet the locals and experience some local ways of life, so remember to drop into this wonderful marketplace!
Date:6&7 March 2019（Wednesday&Thursday）
Time:12:00-14:30
Venue: Cultural Square, Main Campus
Tofu Making Workshop
Soft or firm, salty or sweet, steamed or fried, tofu is well-known for its nice taste and good nutrition. It plays an important role in East Asian and Southeast Asian food culture, so we may well have eaten it, but do you know how it is made? Here comes a chance for you to try your hand at making this widely enjoyed food!
Date:10 March 2019(Sunday)
Time:15:00-16:30
Venue Room 201B, 2/F WS Centre
Fee: $ 100
An Introduction to Dandiya Raas
Dandiya Rass, a traditional folk dance of India, is associated with scenes of Holi, which is a famous spring festival known as the festival of colors. At this workshop, our Indian students will introduce the dance to the participants by dancing together and feel the soul of their unique music culture.
Date:13 March 2019(Wednesday)
Time:18:30-20:30
Venue: Room 502, WFY Building
Quota:20(First come, first served )
Thai Loy Krathong Festival
Loy Krathong, or Water Lantern Festival, is a widely celebrated occasion in Thailand where people pray for good things for the year ahead. In this workshop, participants can try their hand at making their own krathong under the guidance of Thai students !
Date:14 March 2019(Thursday)
Time:18:30-20:30
Venue :L-LOUNGE,3/F YIA
Quota :20(First come, first served )
（1）These activities above are aimed to___________.
A.introduce several traditional festivals
B.pray for good things for the coming year
C.spread cultures of some Asian countries
D.promote exchanges of some local dances
（2）If you are free after 3 pm on Wednesday, you can go to___________.
A.Tofu Making Workshop
B.Thai Loy Krathong Festival
C.An Introduction to Dandiya Raas
D.Local South and Southeast Asian Market
（3）What can we know from the text?
A.All the cultural activities are accessible free of charge.
B.All the activities don't limit the number of participants.
C.Loy Krathong is held to express thanks to the ancestors.
D.Dandiya Raas is linked with scenes of the well-known festival Holi.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个校园文化节。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“This year, the Office of Student Affairs is going to organize the South and Southeast Asian Cultural Festival to present cultures of these two regions across the board”可知这四个校园文化节的目的是为了展现南亚和东南亚文化，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据 An Introduction to Dandiya Raas部分中的“Date:13 March 2019(Wednesday)Time:18:30-20:30”可知An Introduction to Dandiya Raas是在周三下午3点以后举行，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据 An Introduction to Dandiya Raas部分中的“Dandiya Rass, a traditional folk dance of India, is associated with scenes of Holi, which is a famous spring festival known as the festival of colors.”可知Dandiya Rass与Holi场景相关，所以选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
Good education is expensive. Some countries today have proven that belief to be wrong, though. If you're dreaming of having your university education in a country outside your motherland, do not be afraid to apply to study in the below-listed countries, as every thing about your education can be achieved with little or nothing.
Germany
All the public universities in German do not ask for any education fees except administration fees which are quite affordable, no matter what your status. The English language is common in Germany and most of these universities teach with English so it will be easier to get along as an international student.
Norway
Wikipedia. org
Want to achieve your post-graduate degrees Even if you aim to achieve an undergraduate, Norway in a good option because you will not have to send a penny to anyone. This is possible because of the government's financing of the education from tax income. The only problem is that most of the top universities in the country teach with their mother tongue and as a foreigner, you have to familiarize with the language enough to pass a requited test.
Turkey
Turkey discoverthepotential. com
Public universities, called ‘Devlet Universiteleri' in Turkish are totally free of tuition costs, After payment of an affordable basic fee, the rest is free absolutely. Some of these institutions each in English while some in French and German.
Italy
Italy offers almost free education to international students. When you have to pay as little as ￡850 per year for quality education, then it is quite cheap. Besides, Italy has so much cultural heritage and history that students can learn about.
（1）Which website can you visit if you tend to apply for a country free of charge?
A.Kenznow.cm
B.Wikipedia. org
D.Turkey discoverthepotential. com
（2）Which country could be suitable for a Chine student skilled in French?
A.Germany
B.Norway,
C.Turkey.
D.Italy.
（3）whom is the passage intended for?
A.International students on tight budget.
B.Teachers encouraged to study abroad.
C.Panels with adequate education funds.
D.Native students with good performance.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了大学学费低的四个国家。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据 Norway部分中的“Norway in a good option because you will not have to send a penny to anyone.”可知，申请挪威的大学的学生不必支付费用。

申请挪威的大学的网站为Wikipedia. org。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据Turkey部分中的“Some of these institutions teach in English while some in French and G erman.”可知，这些机构中有一些用英语教学，有些用法语和德语教
学，即土耳其的一些大学里开设法语授课。

可知，土耳其可能适合一名精通法语的中国学生。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Good education is expensive. Some countries today have proven that belief to be wrong, though.” 良好的教育是昂贵的。

不过，今天一些国家已经证明了是错误的。

结合全文可知本文写给想要申请低费用大学的国际生。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
As the most wonderful tools for learning and teaching English, iPads appeal to more and more students who use them to access online resources in their classrooms. With the help of the thousands of education and language apps available in Apple's app store, students make effective use of the iPad to learn in an interactive environment. Given below is a list of some of the best iPad apps for learning and teaching English.
Grammar Up
Grammar is the heart of any language and, thus, the Grammar Up app is one of the most highly recommended apps for English Learners. This app is specifically designed for people who want to improve their grammar, vocabulary and word selection. It consists of more than 1800 multiple-choice questions grouped under twenty different grammar categories.
Learn English The Fun Way
"Learn English the fun way" is an amazing app for grammar and matching lessons in which English learners get to do simple exercises such as matching an animal or a short description of something to its picture.
SpeakingPal
Recommended as one of the best apps for English educators and learners, SpeakingPal allows users to record and compare their speech with a native English speaker. This amazing app combines video with automatic speech recognition software that tests your English speaking skills. You just have to speak with a video character and get immediate response on how well you said and pronounced all your English words. In short, this app basically understands and rates your speech.
Wordflex Touch Dictionar
Turn your word-meanings search into a fun experience with the Wordflex Touch Dictionary app! Developed exclusively for iPad in association with the Oxford University Press, the Wordflex Touch Dictionary app converts your word entries into attractive trees which you can move, drag, share and reorganize using touch gestures. This app is among the best as it also contains audio pronunciations both in UK and US English, which is a great benefit for English learners.
iBooks
iBooks is a complete book library for the iPad users. It includes the iBookstore and allows users to download and read books for free. It also allows users to save their favorite classics for free. The app features a beautiful bookshelf on which you can browse various books; tap a book to open and read it, and add notes to your favorite paragraphs in the book. You can also create your
own texts and upload them into the app.
（1）Which app might be the best choice for a kid who is beginning to learn grammar?
A.Grammar Up
B.Wordflex Touch Dictionary
C.Learn English The Fun Way
D.SpeakingPal
（2）Which of the following is Right according to the passage?
A.The Grammar Up app is the best recommended app for English learners.
B.Wordflex Touch Dictionary provides pronunciation in British and American English.
C.SpeakingPal allows users to compete with a native English speaker.
D.iBooks is a free book library for English learners and teachers.
（3）What's the purpose of the text?
A.To advertise Apple's app store.
B.To attract users to iPad.
C.To distinguish some apps for English learning.
D.To introduce some apps for English learners and educators.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。

介绍了一些最好的iPad英语学习和教学应用程序。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据Learn English The Fun Way部分中的"‘Learn English the fun way’" is an amazing app for grammar and matching lessons in which English learners get to do simple exercises such as matching an animal or a short description of something to its picture.”“有趣学英语”是一个很棒的语法和搭配课程的应用程序，英语学习者可以做一些简单的练习，比如把动物或对某物的简短描述与图片搭配起来。

可知一个初学语法的孩子会被其趣味性吸引，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据Wordflex Touch Dictionar部分中的“This app is among the best as it also contains audio pronunciations both in UK and US English, which is a great benefit for English learners.”这个应用程序包含了英国英语和美国英语的发音，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Given below is a list of some of the best iPad apps for learning and teaching English.”可知本文介绍了一些最好的iPad英语学习和教学应用程序，下文是对每个应用程序的详细介绍，短文的目的是为英语学习者和教育工作者介绍一些应用程序。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
Yellowstone National Park is the flagship of the National Park Service and a favorite to millions of visitors each year. The park is a major destination for all members of the family. By driving the grand loop road, visitors can view the park from the comfort of their vehicle and also take a rest
at one of the many roadside picnic areas.
How much is the entrance fee?
$25 - Private, noncommercial vehicle;
$20 - Motorcycle or snowmobile (winter);
$12 - Visitors 16 and older entering by foot, bike, ski, etc.
This fee provides the visitor with a 7-day entrance permit for both Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks.
A $50 park annual pass provides entrance for a single private non-commercial vehicle at Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. The $10 Interagency Senior Pass (62 and older) is a lifetime pass available to U.S. citizens or permanent residents.
Where can you stay?
Inside Yellowstone, you can choose to stay in modern or historic hotels and cabins inside the park like the Old Faithful Inn, the world's largest log structure. For those who want to be a little closer to nature, there are 12 campgrounds with a range of services from primitive pit toilets to shower and laundry facilities. There's also RV camping with and without dumping stations.
Staying outside the park gives you unique Old West experiences but still keeps you close to park attractions.
If you're taking a road trip to Yellowstone, you'll want to check out our Hotels and Cabins On The Road section.
（1）The entrance fees listed on the web page don't apply to _______.
A. temporary residents in the USA
B. vehicles involving business activities
C. visitors out of a certain age range
D. private motorcycles and snowmobiles
（2）What are you likely to acquire in the Old Faithful Inn?
A. Unique old west experiences.
B. Primitive pit toilets and shower.
C. Knowledge of origin of the park.
D. RV camping with dumping sites.
（3）Where does the passage probably come from?
A. A magazine.
B. A textbook.
C. A notice.
D. A travel guide.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了黄石公园的门票以及可以选择的住宿及游玩的地方。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据小标题“How much is the entrance fee?”下分别列出了私家非商务车入园的价格，摩托车或雪地车（冬季）入园的价格以及16岁以上的人步行、骑自行车或带滑雪板入园的价格，没有涉及到商务车入园的价格。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据 Where can you stay?部分中的“Inside Yellowstone, you can choose to stay in modern or historic hotels and cabins inside the park like the Old Faithful Inn, the world's largest log structure.”在黄石公园里边，你可以呆在像the Old Faithful Inn这样的旅馆里，有现代的、历史的旅馆和小棚屋。

，由其中的historic及morden可知，我们有可能从这些建筑中了解公园的起源。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了黄石公园的门票及游玩住宿的地方，并
且主要是提供给大家一些信息，所以应出自于与旅游指南。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional, "paid" media, such as television commercials and print advertisements, still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create "earned" media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage "owned" media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing's impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.
Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for users' responses. But in some cases, one marketer's owned media become another marketer's paid media -- for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and reavel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created Baby Center, a stand-along media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.
The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more and more diverse communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the business that originally created them.
If that happens passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company's response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and Facebook.
（1）Consumers may create "earned" media when they are ________.
A. obsessed with online shopping at certain Web sites
B. inspired by product-promoting e-mail sent to them
C. eager to help their friends promote quality products
D. enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products.
（2）The author indicates in Para. 3 that earned media ________.
A. invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers
B. can be used to produce negative effects in marketing
C. may be responsible for fiercer competition
D. deserve all the negative comments about them
（3）Toyota Motor's experience is cited as an example of ________.
A. responding effectively to hijacked media
B. persuading customers into boycotting product
C. cooperating with supportive consumers
D. taking advantage of hijacked media
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了有关earned media(口碑媒体)、Hijacked Media（劫持媒体）、paid media（自有媒体）的概念和特点。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Consumers passionate about a product may create “earned” media by willingly promoting it to friends”可知，对产品充满热情的消费者可能会通过主动向朋友推销产品来创造“口碑”媒体。

故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段可知，剧烈的技术变革为营销人员提供了越来越多的交流选择，但同时也增加了这样一种风险，即热情的消费者会以更快、更明显、更具破坏性的方式表达自己的观点。

这种被劫持的媒体是口碑媒体的对立面：一项资产或活动成为消费者、其他利益相关者或对某个品牌或产品提出负面指控的活动人士的人质。

例如，社交网络的成员正在明白他们可以劫持媒体，对最初创建它们的企业施加压力。

由此可知，当口碑媒体被某些人所劫持，转化为劫持媒体的时候，就会影响企业，从而对企业营销产生不利的影响。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段对于“劫持媒体”的介绍和最后一段中的“If that happens passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company's response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep.”可知，如果发生（劫持媒体）这种情况，热情的消费者会试图说服他人抵制产品，从而使目标公司的声誉面临风险。

在这种情况下，公司的反应可能不够迅速或周到，那么公司就会变得很困难。

而下文以Toyota Motor（该公司在今年早些时候的召回危机中采取了相对迅速和精心策划的社交媒体应对行动，包括在Twitter和Facebook等网站上直接与消费者互动，从而减轻了部分损失）为例，则展示了当发生“劫持媒体”这种情况时，如果应对迅速得当，那么就可以减轻损失。

因此，Toyota Motor是一个有效应对被绑架媒体的例子。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
You are a member in a full-time school called "life". Each day here you will have the opportunity to learn lessons. You may like the lessons or hate them, but you have designed them as part of your curriculum.
Why are you here? What is your purpose? Humans have sought to discover the meaning of life for a very long time. What we and our ancestors have to overlook is that there is no one answer. The meaning of life is different for every individual.
Each person has his own purpose and distinct path, unique and separate from anyone else's. As you are traveling your life path, you will be presented with numerous lessons you will need to learn in order to achieve that purpose. The lessons you are presented with are specific to you; learning these lessons is the key to discovering and achieving the meaning of your own life.
As you are traveling through your lifetime, you may meet challenging lessons that others don't have to face, while others spend years struggling with challenges that you don't need to deal with. You may never know why you are blessed with a wonderful marriage, while your friends suffer painful divorces, just as you cannot be sure why you struggle financially while your peers enjoy abundance. The only thing you can count on is that you will be presented with all the lessons that you specifically need to learn.
The challenge, therefore, is to arrange yourself with your own unique path by learning individual lessons. This is one of the most difficult challenges you will face in your lifetime, as sometimes your path will be different from others. But don't compare your path with that of people around you and focus on the differences between their lessons and yours. You need to remember that you will only face lessons that you can learn and are specific to your own growth. Our sense of fairness is the expectation of equality. Life is not, in fact, fair, and you may indeed have a more difficult life path than others around you, deserved or not. Everyone's circumstances are unique, and everyone needs to handle his or her own circumstances differently.
（1）According to the passage, how can the meaning of your life be realized?
A. Gathering different opinions from others
B. Taking the distinct path from others.
C. Learning the lessons presented to you.
D. Doing the different things from others.
（2）From the passage we can conclude .
A. everyone has his own track to follow
B. unexpected things usually happen to the peers
C. a painful divorce must lie in financial problems
D. a wealthy man must have a wonderful marriage
（3）In your lifetime, the lessons you are faced with .
A. are beyond your power
B. keep you from growth
C. limit your development
D. help you with your success
（4）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. All things should be equal and justice to everybody.
B. You should learn to deal with specific problems differently from others.
C. One has to fix his mind on unfairness of circumstances.
D. You can complain life is unfair whenever possible.
（5）Life is called a full–time school, because .
A. it is full of all lessons to learn
B. you have plenty of time to learn lessons
C. you meet with specific lessons every day
D. you can learn many things helpful to you
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】短文大意：每个人的生活都不一样，所面临的人生难题也不一样。

只有当我们学会了这些人生课题，我们才可以理解生活的意义，取得成功。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第三段最后一句"The lessons you are presented with are specific to you; learning these lessons is the key to discovering and achieving the meaning of your own life. "可知我们想要实现自己生活的意义，就要学会呈现在你面前的种种课题。

故C项正确。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第三段第一句"Each person has his own purpose and distinct path, unique and separate from anyone else's. "可知每个人都有自己的生活目的，都有不同于他人的人生道路。

故A项正确。

（3）推理判断题。

根据第四段最后一句"The only thing you can count on is that you will be presented with all the lessons that you specifically need to learn. "可知当我们学会了所有这些教训，我们就能够理解生活的意义，我们就会取得成功，故D项正确。

（4）细节理解题。

根据第五段最后一句"You need to remember that you will only face lessons that you can learn and are specific to your own growth. "可知我们每个人所面临的人生道路上的教训都是不一样的，我们必须要学会处理这些与别人不一样的问题。

故B项正确。

（5）推理判断题。

根据第三段第一句"Each person has his own purpose and distinct path, unique and separate from anyone else's. "可知每个人都有自己的生活目的，都有不同于他人的人生道路。

在生活这所学校里，我们要学会处理这些不同的问题。

故C项正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节理解题和推理判断题。

细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

7．阅读理解
We talk continuously about how to make children more "resilient (有恢复力的)"，but whatever we're doing, it's not working. Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are rising rapidly among teenagers. What are we doing wrong?
Nassim Taleb invented the word "antifragile" and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks, challenges, and disorder. The immune (免疫的) system is one of them: it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens (过敏原) in childhood in order to develop to its full ability.
Children's social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems. If we overprotect kids and keep them "safe" from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions, we deprive (剥夺) them of the challenges and opportunities for self-building they need to grow
strong. Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events, such as teasing and social rejection.
It's not the kids' fault. In the UK, as in the US, parents became much more fearful in the1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone, more and more, to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less. Outdoor play and independent mobility went down; screen time and adult-monitored activities went up.
Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement, take small risks, and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence. Depriving them of free play prevents their social-emotional growth. Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned: "We may observe an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society if children are forbidden from participating in age adequate risky play."
They wrote those words in 2011. Over the following few years, their prediction came true. Kids born after 1994 are suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders and depression than did the previous generation. Besides, there is also a rise in the rate at which teenage girls are admitted to hospital for deliberately harming themselves.
What can we do to change these trends? How can we raise kids strong enough to handle the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life? We can't guarantee that giving primary school children more independence today will bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow. The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental illness are suggestive but not clear-cut. Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong, we are systematically preventing their growth. We should let go-and let them grow.
（1）Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2?
A. To stress its importance.
B. To analyze the cause of anxiety.
C. To question the latest discovery.
D. To help understand a new word.
（2）Parents overprotect children because .
A. they are concerned about their children's safety
B. they want to keep children from being teased
C. parent-monitored activities are a must
D. children are not independent enough
（3）According to the author, free play can .
A. promote children's resilience
B. strengthen children's friendship
C. reduce children's risky behavior
D. develop children's leadership skills
（4）Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A. Stop trying to perfect your child.
B. It takes great courage to raise children.
C. Prepare the child for the road, not the road for the child.
D. While we try to teach our children all about life, our children teach us what life is all about.【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述的是"不要过分保护孩子"。

作者认为"让孩子为路做准备，而不是为孩子准备路"。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的”Nassim Taleb invented the word’antifragile‘and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks, challenges, and disorder. The immune (免疫的) system is one of them: it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens (过敏原) in childhood in order to develop to its full ability.“纳西姆·塔勒布发明了"抗脆弱"这个词，并使用它来描述一个很小但非常重要的系统类别，它从冲击、挑战和混乱中获益。

免疫系统就是其中之一:它需要在儿童时期接触某些种类的细菌和潜在的过敏原，以充分发展其能力。

"可知，作者在第二段中提到免疫系统是为了帮助理解一个新单词antifragile。

故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的”It's not the kids' fault. In the U K, as in the US, parents became much more fearful in the1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone, more and more, to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less.“这不是孩子们的错。

在英国，就像在美国一样，父母们在20世纪80年代和90年代变得更加害怕，因为有线电视和后来的互联网让每个人越来越多地暴露在那些现在越来越少发生的罕见的犯罪和事故面前。

可知，父母过分保护孩子，因为他们担心孩子的安全。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的”Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement, take small risks, and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the de velopment of adult social and even physical competence.“然而，让孩子们自己制定参与规则、承担小风险并学会掌握小危险的自由游戏，对成人社交能力乃至身体能力的发展至关重要。

"可知，作者认为，自由玩耍可以提高孩子的适应力。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的”Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong, we are systematically preventing their growth. We should let go­and let them grow.“然而，我们有充分的理由怀疑，通过剥夺我们天生抗脆弱的孩子成长所需的广泛经验，我们正在系统性地阻止他们的成长。

我们应该放手，让他们成长。

由此可知，作者会同意"让孩子为路做准备，而不是为孩子准备路"的观点。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
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Basic。