2021高考英语精准大一轮复习新高考外研专用讲义： 必修1 Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab

[单词拼写应用]
1．(2019·北京卷)Earth Day, marked on22April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.力争做到2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school.表格
3．(2016·江苏卷)...the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems.扩大
[短语多维应用]
[句式结构仿写]
1．conclusion n．结论；结束
(1)draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论make a conclusion下结论
in conclusion总之；最后
(2)conclude v．下结论；总结；结束
conclude...with...以……结束……
conclude that...结论是……
from these facts we can draw some conclusions从这些事实我们可以得出一些结论
from what has been discussed above, we may come to the conclusion从上述讨论中我们会得出这个结论
from his satisfied expression, we came to the conclusion从他满意的表情我们得出结论
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①What conclusion(conclude) can you draw from the evidence you've heard?
②In conclusion, people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.
③He concluded his speech with a famous saying: “Where there is a will, there
is a way.”
[能力提升]——句式升级
普通表达：Therefore, we can draw a conclusion.The government should take effective measures to protect wildlife in no time.
高级表达：Therefore, we can draw the conclusion that the government should take effective measures to protect wildlife in no time．(同位语从句) 2．aim n．目标；目的；对准v．对准；目标在于
(1)take aim at sth. 瞄准……；对准……
with the aim of...以……为目标；意在……
(2)aim to do sth.＝aim at (doing) sth.力求做某事
be aimed at (doing) sth. 目的是；旨在
(3)aimless adj.漫无目的的
aimlessly adv.漫无目的地
achieve their aims through peaceful means通过和平手段达到他们的目的with the aim of finding a high­paid job目的是找一个高薪的工作
aim at improving the students' ability of listening and speaking力求提高学生的听说能力
be aimed to develop relations between the two countries旨在提升两国之间的关系
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2017·北京卷)Jane moved aimlessly(aimless) down the tree­lined street, not knowing where she was heading.
②I'm aiming to lose(lose) 4kilograms before the summer holiday.
[能力提升]——一句多译
学校以鼓励年轻作家为目的开展了此项竞赛。

①The competition was started by the school with the aim of encouraging young writers.(介词短语)
②Aiming to encouraging young writers, the competition was started by the school.(现在分词作状语)
3．react vi.(化学)反应；发生作用
(1)react to对……作出反应
react with与……起(化学)反应
react against反对；反抗；反叛
react on/upon对……有影响
(2)reaction n．反应
in reaction to对……的反应
react angrily to the news of more job losses对裁员的消息感到气愤
react on living expenses对生活花费造成影响
react against the political system反抗政治制度
a natural reaction to such bad news对这种坏消息的自然反应
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·浙江卷)They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.
②Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.
③He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a strong reaction(react)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
读一些正能量的文章会对你的思想产生积极的影响。

①Reading positive articles can react on your thoughts positively．(react)
②Reading positive articles can have a positive effect on your thoughts．(effect)
③Reading positive articles can have a positive influence on your thoughts．(influence n．)
4.balance n．天平；平衡vt.(使)平衡；权衡
(1)keep/lose/break the balance保持/失去/打破平衡
out of balance失去平衡
(2)balance...against...把……与……进行权衡
balance...with...使……与……平衡
(3)balanced adj.平衡的
imbalance n．不平衡
keep the balance of nature保持自然平衡
keep the balance between study and social life保持学习和社会生活之间的平衡
balance the advantages against the disadvantages权衡利弊
a balanced diet and regular exercise均衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We all know that a balanced(balance) diet is of great importance.
②You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages.
[熟词生义]写出句中balance的含义
The current balance in your account is￡1，182.余额
[能力提升]——一句多译
我的建议是你最好通过多吃水果少吃肉均衡饮食。

①My suggestion is that you should try to balance your diet by eating more fruit and less meat.(balance v．)
②My suggestion is that you should try to keep a balanced diet by eating more fruit and less meat.(balanced)
5．add...to...往……加入……
(1)add to增加；增添
add up把……加起来
add up to加起来总计达
add (that) ...补充说/接着说……
(2)addition n．加；(数)加法；增加
in addition另外
in addition to除……之外
add to the fun of the camp增加了这次野营的乐趣
add to the beauty of my hometown增添了我家乡的美丽
add to our knowledge and understanding of our country增添了我们的知识和对我们国家的了解
in addition to improving creativity除了提高创造力以外
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2016·天津卷)The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added(add) to the language since it was published.
②Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money.
③Add up all the money you've received this month, and you will find you can afford a new computer.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
普通表达：Besides, you should respect all the teachers who unselfishly help you to gain much knowledge.
高级表达：In addition, you should respect all the teachers who unselfishly help you to gain much knowledge.
6．used to过去(常常)……
there used to be...过去常常有……
be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯(做)某事
be used to do sth.被用来做某事
used to sleep with the window open过去习惯开着窗子睡觉
be used to taking a walk in the park after supper every day习惯于每天晚饭后在公园散步
be used to keep us warm被用来给我们保暖
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He used to stay(stay) up late, but now he is used to going(go) to bed early.
②The following simple experiment is used to separate(separate) different liquids.
[能力提升]——完成句子
以前在他们房子的后方有一个美丽的大花园。

There used to be a big and beautiful garden at the back of their house.
7．(教材P44)It is hard to think of a world without metals.很难想象一个没有金属的世界。

[句型公式]本句为“It is＋形容词＋不定式”句式。

其中it是形式主语，不定式短语是真正的主语。

It作形式主语的常见句型：
(1)It is＋adj.＋of/for sb.to do sth.
(2)It is＋adj./n.＋that从句
(3)It is no good/use doing sth.做某事是没有好处/用的
[名师点津]在“It is＋adj.＋of/for sb.to do sth.”中，for前面通常是difficult, necessary, important, easy等与事物的特征有关的形容词；而of前面常是kind, nice, good, stupid, silly, careful, careless等与人的特征有关的形容
词。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)I'm sure it is a good chance to perform(perform) your favorite music.
②Though it's nice of you to put him up, it's impossible for him to sleep on such a small bed.
③It is no use trying(try) to solve the problem by force.Peace talks are the only solution.
[能力提升]——句式升级
普通表达：You are careless to make so many mistakes in the exam.
①高级表达：It is careless of you to make so many mistakes in the exam.
普通表达：He didn't pass the exam and that's a shame.
②高级表达：It is a shame that he didn't pass the exam.
多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．I used to go(go) to the cinema, but I never get the time now.
2．To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced(balance) diet.
3．He said that these measures were aimed(aim) at helping the poor.
4．I have no idea what my parents' reaction(react) will be to my poor examination result.
5．It is important to pay(pay) your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．We are here to add what we can to life, not to get what we can from it.
2．In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
3．We are proud of our achievements and hopeful for the future.
4．The teacher is teaching the students how to expand a sentence into a paragraph.
5．You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request in the form of a question.
维度3——查缺补漏(单句语法填空)
1．Hearing the news, she felt a strange mixture(mix) of excitement and fear.
2．The message is very important, so it is supposed to be sent(send) as soon as possible.
3．The more you practise speaking English, the greater(great) progress you'll make in it.
4．With the modern equipment(equip), our work was finished ahead of time.
5．I need some boiled(boil) water to wash down medicine after breakfast.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①李华过去经常玩电脑游戏，他的成绩越来越糟。

Li Hua used to play computer games, and his grades were getting worse and worse.
②老师告诉他应该确立目标，养成好习惯。

The teacher told him that he was supposed to set an aim and form a good habit．
③对他来说放弃玩游戏是困难的，但在老师的帮助下，他远离了游戏。

To give up playing games was difficult for him, but with the help of the teacher he kept himself out of them．
④他感到越学习越觉得对学习感兴趣。

He felt that as he studied more, he became more interested in studying．
⑤他的父母为他感到骄傲。

His parents are proud of him．
2．升级平淡句
(1)用it作形式主语改写句③
It was difficult for him to give up playing games, but with the help of the teacher he kept himself out of them.
(2)用“ the＋比较级，the＋比较级”改写句④
He felt that the more he studied, the more interested he became in it.
3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：later, now)
Li Hua used to play computer games, and his grades were getting worse and worse.The teacher told him that he was supposed to set an aim and form a good habit.It was difficult for him to give up playing games, but with the help of the teacher he kept himself out of ter, he felt that the more he studied, the more interested he became in it.Now , his parents are proud of him.。