2020版 第1部分 选修6 Module 5 Cloning

Module 5Cloning
[单词拼写应用]
核心单词
1．emotion n．感情；情绪
2．murder v．谋杀
3．refuse v．拒绝
4．contrast v．对照
5．rush v．冲，猛冲
6．fear n．害怕，恐惧
7．cure v．治愈
8．absorb v．吸收
9．arise v．(问题、困难等)发生，出现
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．When the question arose (arise) at the meeting, no one could answer it. 2．Nobody knows how he was murdered (murder), but a good many people behind the scenes can guess why.
3．He is only too ready to help others, seldom, if ever, refusing (refuse) them when they turn to him.
4．He was too absorbed (absorb) in the newspaper to hear the bell of the phone. 5．The children rushed (rush)out of the classroom as soon as the bell rang.
拓展单词
1.terrify v．使惊恐，使受惊吓→terrified adj.恐惧的→terrifying adj.令人恐惧的2．disgust v．使觉得恶心；使厌烦→disgusting adj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的
→disgusted adj.厌恶的；反感的
3．breath n．呼吸→breathe v．呼吸
4．benefit n．好处，利益v.有益于→beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
5．regulate v．管制，管理，整顿→regulation n．法规，条例
6．resist v t.抵抗，忍耐；抵制→resistant adj.有抵抗力的，抵抗的→resistance n．抵抗
7．analyse v．分析→analysis n．分析
8．accompany v．陪伴，陪同→ company n．陪伴，做伴→ companion n．同伴，伴侣
9．violent adj.猛烈的，激烈的→violence n．暴力
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．When they saw the terrifying scene, everyone on the spot felt terrified and couldn't say a word.(terrify)
2．This new railway benefits this area in many ways. It is beneficial to the people living in this area. For the benefit of more people, we should build more railways.(benefit)
3．The dog is a good companion and it keeps the little girl company all the time, and even accompanies her to school.(accompany)
4．He took a deep breath to breathe the fresh air.(breathe)
5．Analyse the maths problem carefully and your careful analysis will help you find the solution to it.(analyse)
6．We were all surprised at his acts of violence.Maybe he was exposed to too many violent scenes in the films.(violence)
阅读单词
1.clone v．克隆
2．transparent adj.透明的
3．fundamental adj.基本的，不可或缺的，重要的
4．component n．成分
5．procedure n．程序
6.insert v．植入，插入
7．controversial adj.有争议的
8．valid adj.有确实根据的，有效的
9．optional adj.可选择的
10．contradictory adj.互相矛盾的，相反的，对立的11.virtue n．道德上的优点，善行
12．flexible adj.易适应的
13．compulsory adj.强制的，强迫的
14．handy adj.方便的，便利的
15．suspect n．嫌疑人
拓展联想
1.suspect形近词全扫描
①aspect n．方面
②expect v．期望
③inspect v．检查，视察
④respect n．&v t.尊敬，尊重
2.virtue相关名词一览
①kindness 善良
②faith 忠诚
③honesty 诚实
④bravery 勇敢，勇气
⑤justice 正义
3.“惊恐”表达种种
①frighten v．使惊恐
②fear n．害怕，恐惧
③scare v．受惊吓
④terror n．恐怖
⑤horror n．恐怖
[短语多维运用] 高频短语
1．burn out (火)燃尽，烧完自灭，烧毁2．contrast with 与……形成对照
3．(be) identical to 和……一样，与……一致4．break down 分解，发生故障；(身体)垮掉
5．by mistake 错误地
6．treat ...as 把……当成……对待
[语境运用]选用左面短语的适当形式填空。

Mr Smith worked in a firm. He was hard－working. Unfortunately, he lost his documents ①by mistake. So he was forced to work overtime. The manager ②treated him ③as the key employee. He tried to deal with the ever－increasing burden of his work, but finally ④broke down and had to take a complete rest.
7．knock out 摧毁，击倒
8．get out of control 摆脱控制
9．throw oneself on 扑倒在……上
10．rely on 依靠，依赖
11．as follows 如下
12．as far as we know 据我们所知
13．bring ...back to life 使……复活
[语境运用]选用左面短语的适当形式填空。

Boxing games are truly widely supported by a lot of people over the world. To win the game, you have to ⑤knock out the challenger. You should try to ⑥get out of control and to hit your opponent. It is hard to practice boxing. After practicing boxing, you'd better ⑦throw yourself on the sofa because of tiredness.
拓展联想,1.“v.＋out”短语面面观
①hand out 分发；发放
②turn out 生产；结果是
③look out 当心
④break out 突发；爆发
2.by相关短语聚会
①by design 故意地
②by chance 偶然，碰巧
③by accident 偶然，碰巧
④by and by 不久；很快
3.knock相关短语来开会
①knock on/at 敲门
②knock down 撞倒
③knock over 撞倒
④knock into 撞上
[句式结构仿写]
精讲4个考纲单词
1．beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
(1)单句语法填空
①Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations.
②China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
普通表达：This new English－Chinese dictionary will be very useful to your English learning.
①高级表达：This new English－Chinese dictionary will be of great benefit to
your English learning.(benefit)
②高级表达：This new English－Chinese dictionary will be very beneficial to your English learning.(beneficial)
先理解再牢记
(1)be beneficial to ...＝be of benefit to ...对……有益
(2)benefit v．有利于，对……有益n．益处，好处
benefit from/by 从……中获益；得益于
for the benefit of sb.＝for one's benefit为了某人的利益
[佳句背诵]In fact，music education is beneficial and important to all students.
2．cure v．治愈；治疗n．治愈；治疗
(1)单句语法填空
①Many bad habits can be especially difficult to cure (cure) because they are likely to have been formed at a very young age.
②Although this medicine can cure you of your illness, it has a bad effect on you.
③Chinese scientists are absorbed in further research to find a cure for cancer.
(2)选词填空(treat/cure)
①—Has the doctor cured the old woman of her illness?
—No, he had treated her but didn't cure her.
②Your son has got into some bad habits. I think you should cure him of them.
先理解再牢记
(1)cure sb. of sth.治愈某人的疾病；消除某人的忧虑
a cure for... ……的治疗方法；……的解决方法
(2)treat v．治疗(强调过程)
treat sb. for... 给某人治……病
[名师点津]能用于cure sb.of sth.结构的动词还有：cheat，convince，inform，remind，rid，rob等。

3．resist v．抗拒；对抗；反抗；抵抗；忍住(一般用于否定式)
(1)单句语法填空
①(2017·北京卷)The resistance (resist) to vaccine has continued for decades,
and it is driven by a real but very small risk.
②Many young girls aren't resistant (resist) to some delicious food, so they become fat.
(2)[链接写作]——同义句改写
The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist taking a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present.
①The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot stand taking a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present.
②The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot help taking a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present.
先理解再牢记
(1)resist (doing) sth.反对做某事
can't resist (doing) sth.＝can't help doing sth.无法抗拒(做)某事；忍不住做某事
(2)resistant adj.对……有抵抗力的，抵制的，反抗的，抗拒的
be resistant to 对……有抵抗力
(3)resistance n. 抵抗；反对
[佳句背诵] A balanced diet will increase your ability to resist infection.
4．absorb v．吸收；理解；掌握；吸引(兴趣)；使专心
(1)单句语法填空
①(2016·北京卷)When something did interest me, I could become
absorbed (absorb)．
②The novel was so absorbing (absorb) that she read on without a break even
forgetting food and sleep.
③When deeply absorbed (absorb) in work, which he often was, he would forget
all about eating or sleeping.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
普通表达：Tom was absorbed in watching the basketball
match and he didn't notice his classmate coming up to him.
①高级表达：
So absorbed was Tom in watching the basketball match that
he didn't notice his classmate coming up to him.
(so...that...的倒装句)
②高级表达：
Absorbed in watching the basketball match，
Tom didn't notice his classmate coming up to him.
(分词短语作状语)
先理解再牢记
(1)absorb one's attention吸引某人的注意力
(2)absorbed adj.精神集中的
be absorbed in 专心致志于；全神贯注于
(3)absorbing adj.十分吸引人的；引人入胜的
[名师点津]be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in...。

类似的结构还有：be lost in...陷入……，专心致志于……；be caught in...被困在……；be buried in...埋头于……；be devoted to...致力于……，专心于……；be occupied in/with...忙于……；be involved in...专注于……。

诠释1个核心短语
break down 分解；出故障；(身体)垮掉；(谈判等)破裂，失败
(1)写出下列句中break down的含义
①He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the air－conditioning system broke down.(机器)出故障
②If Tim carries on working like this, he'll break down sooner or later.(身体)垮掉
③To understand the grammar of the sentence，you must break it down into parts.分解
(2)用适当的介、副词填空
①The next day, he broke into a house and stole a television and a video recorder.
②Should another world war break out, what would become of human beings?
③(2016·北京卷)The water was covered with ice, which could sometimes break
up without warning.
先理解再牢记
break in强行进入；打断(谈话)，插嘴
break into 闯入，破门而入
break out 爆发，突然发生
break through 突破；克服，战胜
break up 解散；结束；拆散
[佳句背诵]The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them.
突破1个高考句型
(教材P59)I wish I had not created this creature，I wish I was on the other side of the world，I wish I could disappear!
但愿我没有制造出那个家伙，但愿我身处世界的另一边，但愿我可以消失无踪！
[句型公式]I wish that clause...“但愿……”。

(1)单句语法填空
①(2018·江苏卷)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I had (have)
a second chance to become more involved.
②If you wish to discuss (discuss) this matter further please do not hesitate to contact me.
③How I wish for such a good opportunity to work with so famous a scientist.
④I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I asked，“What do you wish me to do (do) now？”
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
他但愿有一天变成一只鸟在天空飞翔。

He wishes he would become a bird flying in the sky one day.
先理解再牢记
wish后跟宾语从句时，从句一般使用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语形式如下：
(1)did/were(表示与现在事实相反的愿望)
(2)had done/been(表示与过去事实相反的愿望)
(3)would/could/might＋动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的愿望)
(4)wish to do 希望做某事
wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
wish for 希望得到……
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2018·山西大同月考)The method of learning English which my teacher introduced to me is very beneficial (benefit) and I believe I can benefit from/by it.
2．I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I had taken (take)my teacher's advice.
3. Absorbed (absorb) in her work, she didn't realize it was time for her to pick up her daughter.
4．He has developed the habit of making notes while reading (read)．
5．It was owing to luck rather than judgment that the driver succeeded in avoiding an accident.
6．The computer system broke down suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
7．(2018·湖南怀化模拟)Sometimes we can't resist being persuaded (persuade) to buy things that we don't need at all.
8．Relying (rely) on their own efforts, they overcame all the difficulties and finished the task ahead of time.
9．Having been refused (refuse) many times, the determined man didn't give up and was finally offered a position in the firm.
10．Although this medicine can cure you of your illness, it has a bad effect on you.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．If you happened to see the car accident, it would be a terrified experience. terrified→ terrifying
2．We all suspected him stealing the money, but he insisted that he was innocent.
him后加of
3．After the father died，his company was in control of his son. control前加the 4．I picked up his book by the mistake yesterday afternoon. I don't know whether he was angry with me. 去掉the
5．If you take a deep breathe, you can stay under the water for more than a minute. breathe→breath
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正根据P58
－59
确形式。

Frankenstein，1.a young scientist，discovers the secret of how to create life while 2.studying (study) at university. Using bones from dead 3.bodies(body)，he creates a creature that resembles a human being and gives it life.
The creature is the 4.ugliest (ugly) thing Frankenstein has ever seen，and he makes the people around 5.terrified (terrify)．When Frankenstein refuses 6.to create (create) a wife for him，the monster 7.murders (murder) Frankenstein's brother，his new wife and his best friend.
Frankenstein regrets what he 8.has done (do)．In order to destroy the creature，the scientist chases him to the Arctic，9.where he dies.10.In the end，the monster disappears into the ice and snow.
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据中英文提示完成一篇小作文，并改正学生习作。

1．我们班就克隆这一话题进行了激烈的讨论。

(cloning)
2．一些人认为克隆对人类是有益的。

人们可以依靠这项技术治愈疾病。

(beneficial; rely on; cure)
3．克隆可以使已经灭绝的物种复活，使得我们的世界更多姿多彩。

(bring...back to life)
4．其他人反对克隆。

如果克隆失去控制，很多问题就会出现。

例如，科学家有可能错误地制造出毁灭我们世界的怪物。

(get out of control; arise; by mistake; knock out)
5．如果许多人或动物都彼此一模一样，这个世界是令人害怕的。

(identical;
terrifying)
6．就我所知，克隆技术还不是很完美。

我们应该拒绝广泛使用它。

(as far as I know; refuse)
第一步：练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。

第二步：练改错
下面是李明的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。

Recently, our class had a heated discussion on the topic of cloning.
Some think cloning is beneficial to human beings. For one thing, people can rely on this technology to cure disease. For other, cloning can help bring extinct species back to life, made our world more colorful.
However, others are against. If cloning got out of control, many problems would arise. For example, scientists may create monsters by the mistake, which may knock out our world. If many people or animals were identical from each other, the world would be terrifying.
As far as I know, cloning is not perfect. We should refuse to use it wide.
【答案】
Recently, our class had a heated discussion on the topic of cloning.
Some think cloning is beneficial to human beings. For one thing, people can rely
on this technology to cure disease. For
other
another，cloning can help bring extinct
species back to life，
made
making our world more colorful.
However, others are against. If cloning got out of control, many problems would arise. For example, scientists may create monsters by the
＼mistake, which may knock
out our world. If many people or animals were identical from
to each other, the world
would be terrifying.
As far as I know, cloning is not perfect. We should refuse to use it
wide widely.。