2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京体育大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：95

2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京体育大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编
押题第五期（含答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
When the drops were placed in the patient’s eyes, his pupils became （）.
问题1选项
A.dilated
B.smaller
C.irritated
D.sensible
【答案】A
【解析】名词辨析题。

dilated扩大的，膨胀的；smaller较小的；irritated恼怒的，生气的；sensible 明智的。

句意：当滴剂滴入患者的眼睛时，他的瞳孔放大了。

选项A符合句意。

2.
单选题
The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds （）his arguments in favor of the new theory.
问题1选项
A.to be based on
B.to base on
C.which to base on
D.on which to base 【答案】D
【解析】语法（定语从句）题。

分析题目可知，空白处填入的词语是引导定语从句，修饰先行词grounds,所以排除A选项和B选项。

因为连接词which在从句中作介词宾语，所以前面需要一个介词，D选项正确。

3.
单选题
W: Good to see you. You look fatter and better.
M: Thanks. I had a lot of exercise and drank vegetable juice every day.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
问题1选项
A.The man used to be unhealthy
B.The man doesn’t have as much exercise as he used to.
C.The man ate a lot every day.
D.The man has become a better person
【答案】D
【解析】根据女士的话“你看起来更胖，更好了。

”可知D选项‘这个人变得更好了’正确。

4.
单选题
The government gave a very （）explanation of its plan for economic development.
问题1选项
prehensive
pound
C.considerable
placent
【答案】A
【解析】形容词辨析题。

comprehensive综合的，全面的；compound混合的；considerable重要的，相当大的；complacent满足的。

句意：政府对其经济发展计划作了非常全面的解释。

选项A符合句意。

5.
单选题
The editor-in-chief begs （）tomorrow’s meeting.
问题1选项
A.to be excused to attend
B.to be excused to attending
C.to excuse to attend
D.to excuse from attending
【答案】A
【解析】为了参加明天的会议，主编请求准予离开。

固定搭配题。

excuse sb. from sth.为固定用法，表示“同意某人不做；免除某人”，根据句意‘是同意…’，所以排除因此排除C项和D项。

“to attend tomorrow’s meeting”为不定式短语作目的状语，因此答案选A。

6.
单选题
Criticism and self-criticism is necessary（）it helps us to find and correct our mistakes. 问题1选项
A.by that
B.at that
C.on that
D.in that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：批评和自我批评是必要的, 因为它有助于我们发现和改正错误。

in that为固定搭配, 意为"由于, 因为", 在这里引导原因状语从句。

所以本题选D。

7.
单选题
No Tobacco Day is the day when the World Health Organization （）to people to stop using tobacco products.
问题1选项
A.asks
B.applies
C.appeals
D.urges
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。

appeal to sb. to do sth.意为“呼吁/恳请某人做某事”。

句意：无烟日是世界卫生组织呼吁人们停止使用烟草制品的日子。

选项C正确。

选项A和D后面直接接sb.，不接介词to；选项B的用法是apply to sb. for sth.，意为“向某人申请...”。

所以只有选项C正确。

8.
单选题
These books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you （）you need.
问题1选项
A.all the information
B.all the informations
C.all of information
D.all of the informations
【答案】A
【解析】语法（不可数名词和冠词）题。

information为不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除B选项和D选项。

all of后面接的名词前一定要有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词修饰限定，且of可以省略，排除C选项，所以A选项正确。

9.
单选题
“Do you mind if Edward rides in your car?”
“Yes, I do. I’ll be glad to take （）Edward.”
问题1选项
A.somebody else than
B.anybody but
C.some other person but
D.anyone else than
【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配题。

题目是一个情景对话，所以需要关注上下文，上文提问说‘你介意爱德华乘坐你的车吗？’，下文回答‘是的，介意。

’根据这里我们可以推知后一句应该是‘除了爱德华，其他人我都不介意。

’anyone but sb.为固定用法，表示“除了某人之外的所有人”，所以B选项正确。

10.
单选题
To read a new book, you simply need good light, time and the right frame of mind. But to read a new software package, you need a thousand pounds’ worth of hardware, considerable computer knowledge, plenty of time and, most important of all, endless determination.
Generally speaking, all books are very much alike, and the experienced reader has no difficulty coping with an unfamiliar book. But imagine how frustrating it would be if you had to make a mental adjustment, if you had to read in a different way every time you read a book from a different publisher, yet this is exactly what it is like when you use a new software package.
You can be encouraged in a good book within a minute, but getting new software running takes ages. Learning to use a new piece of software is like trying to ride a trick bicycle, on which the handlebars have a reverse action. It looks easier than it really is. This is partly because you must first unlearn what you’ve learnt on the last package; no two packages use the control characters on the keyboard in quite the same way. How much easier it would be if there are some standards to which all software writers adhered!
Since you can’t rely on your precious experience, the only way to understand your new software package is to rely on the manual. Some software manuals are written with the beginner in mind and have explicit instruction with well-designed exercises that lead you gently on from stage to stage. But most assume that you are already an expert, and have complicated explanations which only confuse and irritate you. All require a full set of fingers and thumbs to mark pages while hunting out information. Yes, perhaps the information is in the manual, but where?
1.When learning to use a new software package you may probably feel （）.
2.The author mentions the trick bicycle, on which the handlebars have a reverse action, in order to show （）.
3.How could a software package become easier to users according to the author?
4. What is the most common problem in software manuals according to the passage?
5.The word “explicit” underlined in paragraph 4 probably means “ （）”.
问题1选项
A.frustrated
B.encouraged
C.engrossed
D.dismayed
问题2选项
A.how difficult it is to learn to ride a bicycle
B.it is impossible to learn to ride this bicycle
C.how difficult it is to learn a new software package
D.to leam to ride a bicycle is the same thing as to leam a new software package
问题3选项
A.All software packages are made by the same software company.
B.The users are familiar with all kinds of software packages.
C.There are some standards to which all software writers adhere.
D.There is a committee which examines all software packages.
问题4选项
A.They have complicated explanations which are quite beyond your understanding.
B.They are printed in very small characters.
C.Their instructions and explanations are too simple.
D.They are written with the beginner in mind.
问题5选项
A.confusing
B.clear
plicated
D.involved
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:C
第3题:C
第4题:A
第5题:B
【解析】1.细节事实题。

题干询问‘当你学习使用一个新的软件包时，你可能会觉得…’。

根据文章第二段中第二句“But imagine how frustrating it would be if you had to make a mental adjustment, if you had to read in a different way every time you read a book from a different publisher, yet this is exactly what it is like when you use a new software package. 但是想象一下，如果你必须在思想上做出调整，如果你每次阅读不同出版商的书时都必须以不同的方式阅读，这将是多么令人沮丧的一件事，而这正是你使用新软件包时的情况。

”确定A选项‘懊恼的，沮丧的’正确。

2.推理判断题。

题干询问‘作者提到的自行车车把的反作用，是为了显示…’。

骑特技自行车的例子在文章第三段。

第一句是该段的中心句，然后骑特技自行车的例子是为了论证这一句，所以答案在中心句找。

“You can be encouraged in a good book within a minute, but getting new software running takes ages. 你可以在一分钟内读完一本好书，但让新软件运行起来需要很长时间。

”确定C选项‘学习一个新的软件包有多难’。

3.细节事实题。

题干询问‘根据作者的观点，软件包如何变得对用户更容易?’。

根据文章第三段中的最后一句“How much easier it would be if there are some standards to which all software writers adhered! 如果有一些所有软件作者都遵循的标准，那该多容易啊!”确定C选项‘所有软件作者都遵循一些标准。

’。

4.细节事实题。

题干询问‘根据这篇文章，软件手册中最常见的问题是什么?’。

根据文章最后一段中的第三句“But most assume that you are already an expert, and have complicated explanations which only confuse and irritate you. 但是大多数人都认为你已经是专家了，并且有复杂的解释，这些解释只会让你困惑和恼怒。

”确定A选项‘他们的解释很复杂，你根本无法理解’正确。

5.词汇题。

题干询问‘第4段下划线的“explicit”一词可能是指…’。

“explicit”出现在文章最后一段的第二句话中。

该句中与“have explicit instruction”并列的是“with the beginner in mind站在初学者的角度”，而后文中是用but表示相反意思的“But most assume that you are already an expert, and have complicated explanations但是大部分的使用手册都认为你是该领域的专业人员，手册中的解释都非常复杂”，所以该词是与‘complicated’词义相反，B选项‘清楚的’正确。

11.
单选题
What’s the one word of advice a well-meaning professional would give to a recent college graduate? China? India! Brazil? How about trade?
When the Commerce Department reported last week that the trade deficit in June approached $50 billion, it set off a new round of economic doom saying. Imports, which soared to $200.3 billion in the month, are subtracted in the calculation of gross domestic product. The larger the trade deficit, the smaller the GDP. Should such imbalances continue, pessimists say, they could contribute to slower growth.
But there’s another way of looking at the trade data. Over the past two years, the figures on imports and exports seem not to signal a double-dip recession—a renewed decline in the broad level of economic activity in the United States—but an economic expansion.
The rising volume of trade—more goods and services shuttling in and out of the United States—is good news for many sectors. Companies engaged in shipping, trucking, rail freight, delivery, and logistics have all been reporting better than expected results. The rising numbers signify growing vitality in foreign markets—when we import more stuff, it puts more cash in the hands of people around the world, and U.S. exports are rising because more foreigners have the ability to buy the things we produce and market. The rising tide of trade is also good news for people who work in trade sensitive businesses, especially those that produce commodities for which global demand sets the price—agricultural goods, mining, metals, oil.
And while exports always seem to lag, U.S. companies are becoming more involved in the global economy with each passing month. General Motors sells as many cars in China as in America each month. While that may not do much for imports, it does help GM’s balance sheet and hence makes the Jobs of U.S.-based executives more stable.
One great challenge for the U.S. economy is slack domestic consumer demand. Americans are payin g down debt, saving more, and spending more carefully. That’s to be expected, given what we’ve been through. But there’s a bigger challenge. Can U.S.-based businesses, large and small, figure out how to get a piece of growing global demand? Unless you want to pick up and move to India or Brazil, or China, the best way to do that is through trade. It may seem obvious, but it’s no longer enough simply to do business with our friends and neighbors here at home.
Companies and individuals who don’t have a strate gy to export more, or to get more involved in foreign markers, or to play a role in global trade, are shutting themselves out of the lion’s share of economic opportunity in our world.
1.How do pessimists interpret the U.S. trade deficit in June?
2.What does the author say about the trade data of the past two years?
3.Who particularly benefit from the rising volume of trade?
4.What is one of the challenges facing the American economy?
5.What is the author’s advice to U.S. companies and individuals?
问题1选项
A.It reflects American’s preference for imported goods.
B.It signifies a change in American economic structure.
C.It is the result of American’s growing focus on domestic market.
D.It could lead to slower growth of the national economy.
问题2选项
A.It indicates that economic activities in the U.S. have increased
B.It shows that U.S. economy is slipping further into recession.
C.It signals decreasing domestic demand for goods and services.
D.It reflects the fluctuations in the international market.
问题3选项
A.People who have expertise in international trade.
B.Consumers who favor imported goods and services.
C.Producers of agricultural goods and raw materials.
D.Retailer dealing in foreign goods and services.
问题4选项
petition from overseas.
B.People’s reluctance to spend
C.Slack trade activities
D.Decreasing productivity
问题5选项
A.To import more cheap goods from developing countries.
B.To move their companies to where labor is cheaper.
C.To increase their market share overseas.
D.To be alert to fluctuations in foreign markets.
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:A
第3题:C
第4题:B
第5题:C
【解析】1.细节事实题。

根据文章第二段最后一句，“Should such imbalances continue, pessimists say, they could contribute to slower growth.”，可知悲观主义者认为，如果这种失衡继续下去，可能会导致经济增长放缓。

可判断出悲观主义者认为美国6月份的贸易逆差导致国民经济增长放缓。

因此选项D符合题意。

2.细节事实题。

根据文章第三段第二句，“Over the past two years, the figures on imports and exports seem not to signal a double-dip recession—a renewed decline in the broad level of economic activity in the United States—but an economic expansion.”，可知过去两年，进出口数据似乎没有显示出二次衰退的迹象，即美国经济活动水平的再次下降，而数据显示是经济扩张。

可判断出对于两年的贸易数据，表明美国的经济活动有所增加。

因此选项A符合题意。

3.细节事实题。

根据文章第四段，“The rising tide of trade is also good news for people who work in trade sensitive businesses, especially those that produce commodities for which global demand sets the price—agricultural goods, mining, metals, oil.”，可知对那些从事贸易行业的人来说，贸易上涨也是一个好消息，尤其是那些生产大宗商品，这些商品的价格由全球的需求多决定，如农产品、矿业、金属和石油。

可判断出，贸易上涨最受益的是农产品和原材料生产者。

因此选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。

根据文章第四段第一二句，“One great challenge for the U.S. economy is slack domestic consumer demand. Americans are paying down debt, saving more, and spending more carefully.”，可知美国经济面临的一个巨大挑战是国内消费需求疲软。

美国人正在偿还债务，增加储蓄，从而更加谨慎地消费。

可判断出美国经济面临的最大的挑战是人们不愿意消费。

因此选项B符合题意。

5.观点态度题。

根据文章最后一段，“Companies and individuals who don’t have a strategy to export more, or to get more involved in foreign markers, or to play a role in global trade, are shutting themselves out of the lion’s share of economic opportunity in our world.”，可知作者提出那些没有增加、没有更多参与国外市场、没有在全球贸易中发挥作用的公司和个人，正在把自己推离于世界经济机会的最大份额之外。

可判断出作者是建议公司和个人更多参与国外市场和国际贸易，以此来增加海外的市场份额。

因此选项C符合题意。

12.
问答题
Increasing the tax on household goods is bound to cause trouble. (It’s asking)【答案】It’s asking for trouble to increase the tax on household goods.
13.
单选题
Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is （）.
问题1选项
A.granted
B.implied
C.exaggerated
D.remedied
【答案】C
【解析】动词词义辨析题。

A选项grant “（尤指正式地或法律上）同意，准予”；B选项imply “暗示，说明”；C选项exaggerate“夸张，夸大”；D选项remedy “纠正，改进”。

根据前一句句意“大部分广播机构认为，对电视的职责是不公平的”，确定and后面的句意应是“并且表示媒介的力量被夸大”。

所以C选项正确。

14.
单选题
Those people （）a general understanding of the present situation.
问题1选项
ck of
B.are lacking of
ck
D.are in lack
【答案】C
【解析】语法题。

根据句子结构，可知空格中填入谓语，因为lack为及物动词，其后接宾语无需用介词，选项A和B可排除。

又因为固定搭配in lack of “缺少，缺乏”，选项D可排除。

句意：这些人缺乏对目前形势的基本了解。

根据排除法，选项C符合题意。

15.
单选题
To make the best and the most efficient use of your time and to achieve your goals, start each day by （）your agenda.
问题1选项
A.holding on
B.making out
C.keeping on
D.taking down
【答案】D
【解析】词组辨析题。

hold on等一下，继续；make out理解，辨认出，设法应付；keep on继续；take down记下。

句意：为了最大限度、最有效地利用你的时间并实现你的目标，你需要开始每天记录你的日程。

选项D符合句意。