山东省枣庄市峄城区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末质量检测英语试题(含解析)

山东省枣庄市峄城区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末质量检测英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、完形填空
Lang Zheng touched (感动) people’s hearts after the Wenchuan earthquake (地震) in 2008. He saluted (敬礼) the soldiers who 11 him. He will go to Peking University because he has done well in the gaokao.
On May 12, 2008, a 12 earthquake hit Wenchuan. The soldiers saved him from his fallen house. 13 the soldiers carried him on a stretcher (担架), he gave them a salute. A man took the 14 of the touching moment and it touched the hearts of people across the country.
On Saturday, Lang knew he 15 637 points. He was in the top 30 of hundreds of thousands of liberal arts exam participants (文科考生) in Sichuan. Lang has 16 received the admission notice (录取通知书) of Peking University.
Since becoming 17 for his salute in 2008, Lang has been famous as “Salute Boy”. For the past 15 years, being called “Salute Boy” has 18 him much encouragement, rather than placing him under pressure (压力).
“The special 19 gives me more encourag ement. It encourages me to keep studying and not to slow down,” he said, “Going to university is
just a new 20 , I should study harder, and get more skills to give back to our country.”
11．A．found B．saved C．knew D．missed
12．A．short B．long C．weak D．strong
13．A．If B．Because C．When D．How
14．A．picture B．map C．letter D．magazine
15．A．wanted B．got C．took D．tried
16．A．yet B．still C．also D．already
17．A．popular B．different C．healthy D．beautiful 18．A．showed B．made C．given D．handed
19．A．country B．name C．problem D．man
20．A．school B．game C．city D．start
二、阅读理解
There was a football game in Rongiiang County, Guizhou Province on Saturday evening. People called it “Cun Chao”. Cun Chao was so popular that it interested the famous football player, Michael Owen. He made a video to show his wish.
“I want to send congratulations (祝贺) to Cun Chao for all your success, for getting all the good results in football and I wish Cun Chao all the very best for the future. I’m sure you can get better and better,” he said.
Many people are interested in football and they have joined in Cun
Chao. The football players work as drivers, students and workers. They come from different ethnic groups such as Miao, Dong, Shui, Han, and Yao. Their ages are from 15 to over 40 years old.
According to reports, about 50,000 people went to watch the game on Saturday. Among the sea of people, ladders (梯子) became the best tool for getting the best viewing angle (视角). The well-known Chinese commentator (解说员) Han Qiaosheng also climbed a ladder to talk about the game.
The football ground became a joyful meeting place. Before the game, villagers from each village team, dressed in traditional clothes, carried local specials, played loud music, and danced as they went into the playground with the football players. What a great night of football! 21．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph l refer to A．Saturday evening. B．The football game.
C．Guizhou Province. D．Rongjiang County.
22．Which paragraph shows Owen’s best wishes for Cun Chao A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3.
C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5.
23．Why did some people use ladders on Saturday evening
A．To have a seat. B．To talk about the game.
C．To see Han Qiaosheng. D．To watch the game clearly.
Doctors have taken an important step in learning how animal organs
(器官) could save human lives. They put a special pig kidney (肾) into a man who couldn’t wake up because of a bad brain cancer (脑癌) . The pig kidney worked inside the man’s body for 32 days, which is a long time.
The man’s name is Maurice Miller, and he was foun d unconscious (昏迷的) in July. Doctors thought he wouldn’t wake up. His family said it was okay to try using a pig kidney in the doctors experiment (实验) . After a whole month, the pig kidney was still doing its job inside Mr Miller’s body and there were no p roblems like rejection (排异) . It is the longest a special pig kidney like this has lasted inside a human body. If doctors can get really good at doing these kinds of transplants, they might save a lot of lives every year.
Pigs are great for this because their organs are the right size, they grow fast, they have lots of babies, and people already raise them for food.
Mr Miller’s sister said that even though her brother couldn’t be with them, he would be happy to know that he helped many people. 24．What happened to Maurice Miller
A．He had a back problem. B．He had a heart problem.
C．He had a brain problem. D．He had a k idney problem. 25．What does the underlined word “transplants” mean in Chinese A．结论B．猜想C．移植D．切除
26．Which part of a magazine does the passage probably come from A．History. B．Science. C．Nature. D．Food.
读下面的文章，然后判断文章后面各小问题，正确的涂T，错误的涂F。

An unusual experiment suggests that painting eyes on the rear (屁股) ends of cows may help protect them from large predators (食肉动物) like lions.
Working with over 2,000 cows on 14 different farms in the Okavango area, the scientists tested their ideas in a four-year study.
The scientists separated (分开) the cows into three different groups. They painted large eyes on the rear ends of one group of cows. The second group got simple Xs. The final group got nothing.
The eyes worked very well. Of the 683 cows with eyes painted on them, none were killed in the four-year period. Cows with nothing on their rear ends didn’t do so well. 15 of the 835 cows without “eyes” were killed.
The scientists were surprised to learn that even Xs seemed to give the cows some protection. Only 4 of the 543 cows with Xs were killed. Though the results seem to show a simple way to protect cows from lions, the scientists warn that the method (方法) may have weaknesses (弱点).
For example, in the experiment, there were always cows without fake
(假的) eyes. The scientists aren’t sure the eyes would work so well if all of the cows had them.
Still, for now, it seems like a cheap and easy way to protect cows in the area.
27．Fake eyes on the rear ends of cows help protect them from lions. 28．The scientists spent four years testing their ideas.
29．None of the cows with eyes painted on them were killed in the experiment.
30．The eyes on the rear ends of cows would work so well even though all of the cows had them.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入1~5小题横线上的最佳选项。

Lei Feng was a Chinese soldier who lived from 1940 to 1962. He was well-known for his warm-hearted and selfless (无私的) acts of service to people. 31 , and his actions have inspired (激励) many people in China and even around the world.
One of his most famous traits (特点) was his iconic (标志性的) cap, known as the “Lei Feng Cap”. 32 . Lei Feng wore it in almost all of his photographs and is often depicted (描绘) wearing it in artworks.
33 . Many people wear this kind of cap when they are doing volunteer work or serving their communities. It has also become a popular souvenir (纪念品) for tourists.
34 . His selflessness and dedication (奉献) to serving others have left
a lasting effect (持久的影响) on the world.
35 . It is also a symbol of selflessness, volunteerism, and dedication to serving others. Lei Feng’s spirit lives on through the cap, and it continues to inspire people to make a positive difference in the world. A．It was a simple cap with a red star on the front
B．Lei Feng’s cap continues to inspire people to this day
C．He was always willing to help others
D．Lei Feng Cap is more than just a simple cap with a red star E．Lei Feng Cap has become a symbol of volunteerism and service in China
F．It was a simple cap with a star on the back
G．He wasn’t always willing to help others
三、短文填空
阅读下面材料并填空。

有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于3个单词。

把答案写在答题卡1-10小题的横线上。

Ding Yan, a researcher from Xi’an, brushes the pottery fragments (陶器碎片) a few times and watches them carefully. They have been buried (埋藏) 41 a long time at the Rahat site in Kazakhstan, but now the researchers are taking 42 (they) out from the site.
This site was home to an old culture that was popular on the Silk
Road at the northern foot of the Tianshan Mountains. It is some 3,000 43 (kilometer) from Ding's usual workplace in Xi’an, but this can’t stop his interest in 44 (work) here.
Working in Kazakhstan, Ding has trouble talking with the locals (当地人). The weather here is 45 (difference) fro m that in Xi’an. The living conditions here are not too good. But among the brushes 46 hand shovels (铲子), he feels at home. He 47 (love) the earthy (泥土的) smell of the pottery fragments.
This is the 48 (one) month for Ding to work at the site. He will work here for three more months. “We will do the excavation (挖掘) work together with the researchers in Kazakhstan. We want to know about the culture in the middle reaches (中游) of 49 Ili River long, long ago,” he says.
For many years, Chinese researchers have le ft Xi’an 50 (study) the cultural relics (遗物) of the old Silk Road. They work with researchers from the countries joining in the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”倡议) .
四、任务型阅读
A video showed a deliveryman (送货员) jumping off a high bridge to save a drowning (溺水的) woman on Tuesday afternoon in Hangzhou. The video quickly got popular on Chinese social media (社交媒体).
In the video, the man jumped into the river. He swam to the woman
as soon as he came out of the water. Then he held her and took her to the beach for safety. A few moments later, a lifeboat came and drove fast to the two and picked them up.
“I was on my way to deliver an order, riding my e-bike across the bridge,” said 31-year-old Peng Qinglin, the deliveryman. He had received his first order of the day when he heard the call for help. Peng took off his glasses and shoes, laid down his phone, and jumped into the river.
“Of course I was a little scared, because the bridge looked so high,” he said, smiling, in a video interview (采访) ing from Zhangjiajie, Peng works as a deliveryman in Hangzhou. He usually starts at 10 a. m. every day and finishes in the early morning of the next day.
A policeman said, “I remember the first words Peng said after we took him and the woman to the beach. He said, ‘My delivery i s going to be late.’”
“What a hero!” wrote someone under the video posted online. It got some 40,000 likes in a few hours.
51．When did the deliveryman save the woman
52．How did the deliveryman and the woman get to the beach in the end
53．How did the deliveryman feel when he looked at the river from the bridge
54．Who took the deliveryman and the woman to the beach 55．What do you think of the deliveryman Why do you think so
五、完成句子
56．家乡在我们心中留下了许多温柔甜美的记忆。

Our hometown many soft and sweet memories in our hearts. 57．生活是一段充满烦恼的旅途，但是只要你用心与智慧去面对，你就可以克服任何问题。

Life is a journey with trouble, but you can work out you face with care and wisdom.
58．我认为每周自愿花时间去帮助残疾人是很有意义的。

I think volunteering our time every week disabled people is meaningful.
59．这个村庄现在变得如此美丽，以至于每年很多游客来到这里。

The village is becoming beautiful now a lot of tourists come here every year.
60．当吵闹声逐渐消失时，我进入了梦乡。

I fell asleep when the noise was .
六、书面表达
61．读下面的文章。

请根据问题提示，尽可能用自己的话写出大意总结。

词数不少于60，不多于80词。

注意：在文章后标清你写的字数。

Lanzhou lamian is a famous Chinese delicacy (美食). People in
Lanzhou generally call it Lanzhou Beef Noodles. Lanzhou lamian has won praise from Chinese and even the world’s diners with its special taste, and has also won the name of Chinese First Noodle.
The main making process of Lanzhou lamian is clear from the word la in its name, which means “stretch (拉伸)” in Chinese. The chef cooks the dough (生面团) by repeatedly stretching it to the needed thickness and shape. Lanzhou lamian also has a long history, and it is said to have originated (起源) in the Qing Dynasty.
According to the locals, there is no Lanzhou lamian in Lanzhou, and the local noodle dish is called Lanzhou beef noodles or Lanzhou beef noodle soup. The earliest Lanzhou beef noodles were changed from the Lao Tang beef noodles in Boai County, Henan Province. The main ingredient (成分) of this noodle soup is known as Lao Tang, and the noodle soup and beef cooked in this soup are very delicious. During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty (清朝), Ma Liuqi took Chen Weijing as his teacher in Henan Province. He learned how to make beef noodles and brought the method (方法) to Lanzhou. After that, Chen Hesheng, Ma Baozi and others unified (统一) the standard of Lanzhou beef noodles with “first the clear, second the white, third the red, forth the green and fif th the yellow” and carried it forward. Today, more than 90% of Lanzhou lamian restaurants throughout China are actually owned by the people from Hualong, Qinghai and
Linxia, Gansu. In the 1980s, the people of Hualong began to promote (提升) the lamian business throughout China, finally called Qinghai lamian, but later replaced it with the Lanzhou Beef Lamian sign because of the greater fame (名声) of Lanzhou beef noodle soup.
1. What is Lanzhou lamian Why is it popular
2. How can we know about Lanzhou lamian’s main making process (过程)
3. Where did Lanzhou lamian firstly come from
4. When did Ma Liuqi learn how to make beef noodles
5. What do you think of Lanzhou lamian Why
__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________
七．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Jack对学习汉语很感兴趣，请你围绕“如何有效学习汉语”，并根据下面的提示，给他写一封电子邮件，给他一些建议。

1.学习汉字的发音，练习汉字的书写；
2.多读书，尤其是中国名著，看中文电影，学唱汉语歌曲；
3.与中国人交朋友，并寻找语言伙伴，以提高自己的口语能力。

参考词汇: Chinese character 汉字pronunciation 发音
language partner语言伙伴oral ability 口语能力
要求：
1.语句通顺，语义连贯，书写正确；须包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥；
2.文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名及地名，照抄阅读语篇不得分；
3.词数80~100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jack,
I’m glad to hear that you are interested in learning Chinese._________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________
Best regards!
Yours
Li Hua
参考答案：
11．B 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B 16．D 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．D 11．句意：他向救了他的士兵敬礼。

found发现；saved救助；knew知道；missed错过。

根据下文“The soldiers saved him from his fallen house.”可知，此处是指救了他的士兵。

故选B。

12．句意：2008年5月12日，汶川发生强烈地震。

short短的；long长的；weak弱的；strong强烈的。

根据常识可知，汶川地震为8.0级，属于强烈地震。

故选D。

13．句意：士兵们用担架抬他时，他向他们敬礼。

If如果；Because因为；When当……时候；How怎样。

分析句子结构可知，此处应用when引导时间状语从句。

故选C。

14．句意：一名男子拍下了这张感人时刻的照片，触动了全国各地人们的心。

picture照片；map地图；letter信件；magazine杂志。

结合语境和生活实际可知，此处是指一男子拍下了这张感人的照片。

故选A。

15．句意：周六，郎知道自己得了637分。

wanted想要；got获得；took拿；tried试图。

根据下文“He was in the top 30 of hundreds of thousands of liberal arts exam participants in Sichuan.”可知，此处是指他在高考中获得了637分。

故选B。

16．句意：郎已经收到了北京大学的录取通知书。

yet仍然；still还，依旧；also也；already已经。

分析句子结构可知，句子时态为现在完成时，且为肯定句，应用already表示已经收到了录取通知书。

故选D。

17．句意：自2008年因“敬礼”一举成名以来，郎一直被称为“敬礼男孩”。

popular受欢迎的；different不同的；healthy健康的；beautiful美丽的。

结合语境可知，此处是指自2008年因“敬礼”而走红以来。

故选A。

18．句意：在过去的15年里，被称为“敬礼男孩”给了他很多鼓励，而不是让他感到压力。

showed展示；made制作；given给予；handed递给。

根据下文“gives me more encouragement”可知，此处是指“敬礼男孩”这个名字给了他更多的鼓励。

故选C。

19．句意：这个特别的名字给了我更多的鼓励。

country国家；name名字；problem问题；man男人。

由语境可知，此处是指上文“Salute Boy”这个特别的名字。

故选B。

20．句意：上大学只是一个新的开始，我应该更加努力学习，获得更多的技能来回报我们的国家。

school学校；game游戏；city城市；start开始。

结合句意和备选词汇可知，此处是指上大学只是一个新的起点。

故选D。

21．B 22．A 23．D
21．词句猜测题。

根据“There was a football game…People called it ‘Cun Chao’.”可知it指代足球比赛，故选B。

22．推理判断题。

根据“‘I w ant to send congratulations (祝贺) to Cun Chao for all your success, for getting all the good results in football and I wish Cun Chao all the very best for the future. I’m sure you can get better and better,’ he said.”可知是文章的第二段表达了Owen对村超的良好祝愿。

故选A。

23．细节理解题。

根据“Among the sea of people, ladders (梯子) became the best tool for getting the best viewing angle”可知是指梯子是获得足球比赛的最佳视角的最佳工具，故选D。

24．C 25．C 26．B
24．细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句“They put a special pig kidney into a man who couldn’t wake up because of a bad brain cancer.可知，莫里斯·米勒患有脑癌。

故选C。

25．词句猜测题。

根据第一段第二句“They put a special pig kidney into a man who couldn’t wake up because of a bad brain cancer.”可知，他们把一个特殊的猪肾移植到一个患有严重脑癌不能醒来的人体内。

所以，“transplants”的汉语意思应是“移植”。

故选C。

26．推理判断题。

本文主要讲述的是医生把一个特殊的猪肾移植在一个脑癌患者身上，因此这篇文章应该来自杂志的科学部分。

故选B。

27．T 28．T 29．T 30．F
27．细节理解题。

根据第一段“An unusual experiment suggests that
painting eyes on the rear ends of cows may help protect them from large predators like lions.”可知，画在牛屁股上的假眼睛可以保护它们免受狮子的伤害。

故填T。

28．细节理解题。

根据第二段“Working with over 2,000 cows on 14 different farms in the Okavango area, the scientists tested their ideas in a four-year study.”可知，科学家花了四年时间来测试他们的想法。

故填T。

29．细节理解题。

根据第四段“The eyes worked very well. Of the 683 cows with eyes painted on them, none were killed in the four-year period.”可知，在这4年期间，683头画了眼睛的奶牛中，没有一头被杀死。

故填T。

30．细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段“The scientists aren’t sure the eyes would work so well if all of the cows had them.”可知，科学家们不确定如果所有的牛都画上假眼睛，这种眼睛是否会如此有效；题干“牛屁股上的眼睛很好用，尽管所有的牛都有眼睛。

”与原文不符。

故填F。

31．C 32．A 33．E 34．B 35．D
31．根据“his actions have inspired many people in China and even around the world”可知，此处讲述雷锋的行为，选项C“他总是愿意帮助他人”符合语境。

故选C。

32．根据本句前后文可知，此处描述雷锋帽的样子，选项A“它是一个前面有着一颗红星的普通帽子”符合语境。

故选A。

33．根据“Many people wear this kind of cap when they are doing
volunteer work or serving their communities.”可知，“雷锋帽”和志愿者活动有关，选项E“雷锋帽在中国已经成为了志愿服务的象征”符合语境。

故选E。

34．根据“His selflessness and dedication to serving others have left a lasting effect on the world.”可知，此处讲雷锋帽的影响，选项B“时至今日，雷锋的帽子仍然激励着人们”符合语境。

故选B。

35．根据“It is also a symbol of selflessness, volunteerism, and dedication to serving othe rs.”可知，雷锋帽有着深层的含义，所以此处讲它不只是有简单的含义，选项D“雷锋帽不仅仅只是一个有着红星的普通帽子”符合语境。

故选D。

41．for 42．them 43．kilometers 44．working 45．different 46．and 47．loves 48．first 49．the 50．to study
41．句意：它们在哈萨克斯坦的拉哈特遗址被埋了很长时间，但现在研究人员正在将它们从遗址中取出。

“a long time”是一段时间，要与介词for一起连用，故填for。

42．句意：它们在哈萨克斯坦的拉哈特遗址被埋了很长时间，但现在研究人员正在将它们从遗址中取出。

此空位于动词taking后作宾语，应填宾格作宾语，故填them。

43．句意：这里距离丁平时在西安的工作地点大约3000公里，但这并不能阻止他在这里工作的兴趣。

根据3,000可知，此空应填复数形式，故填kilometers。

44．句意：这里距离丁平时在西安的工作地点大约3000公里，但这并
不能阻止他在这里工作的兴趣。

in是介词，后接动名词，故填working。

45．句意：这里的天气和西安的不同。

be different f rom“与……不同”，形容词短语，故填different。

46．句意：但在这些刷子和手铲中间，他感觉很自在。

“brushes”与“hand shovels”是并列关系，用and连接，故填and。

47．句意：他喜欢陶器碎片的泥土味。

此句是一般现在时，根据He可知，动词用三单，故填loves。

48．句意：这是丁在该遗址工作的第一个月。

根据“the … month”可知，此处用序数词表示顺序，故填first。

49．句意：我们想知道很久很久以前伊犁河中游地区的文化。

根据“Ili River”可知，在海洋，江河等地理名词前要加the，故填the。

50．句意：多年来，中国的研究人员离开西安去研究古丝绸之路的文物。

根据“left Xi’an… the cultural relics”可知，离开西安的目的是研究文物，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to study。

51．On Tuesday afternoon. 52．A lifeboat. 53．He felt a little scared. 54．The policemen. 55．开放题，答案合理即可。

He is a hero because he is very brave.
51．根据“A video showed a deliveryman (送货员) jumping off a high bridge to save a drowning (溺水的) woman on Tuesday afternoon in Hangzhou.”可知是在周二下午救的人。

故填On Tuesday afternoon. 52．根据“A few moments later, a lifeboat came and drove fast to the
two and pick ed them up.”可知是一艘救生艇驶来，快速驶向两人，将他们接了起来。

故填A lifeboat.
53．根据“Of course I was a little scared, because the bridge looked so high”可知这个男的感到有点恐惧，故填He felt a little scared. 54．根据“A policeman said, ‘I remember the first words Peng said after we took him and the wom an to the beach.…’”可知是警察把他们带去岸边，故填The policemen.
55．开放题，答案合理即可。

参考答案为He is a hero because he is very brave.
56．has left
【详解】根据句意可知句子应用现在完成时，且主语是our hometown，要用has，“留下了许多温馨而甜美的回忆”leave many soft and sweet Memories，leave的过去分词是left。

故填has；left。

57．any problem
【详解】根据句意可知此处缺少名词作宾语。

“any problem 任何问题”，“any 任何一个”后接可数名词单数形式，故填any；problem。

58．to help
【详解】“志愿做某事”volunteer to do sth；“帮助”help。

故填to；help。

59．so that
【详解】修饰形容词beautiful，应用so…that引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于”，故填so；that。

60．dying down
【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“逐渐消失”，其英文表达为die down，动词短语；结合语境和空前“was”可知，句子应用过去进行时，其结构为was doing；动词die的现在分词为dying。

故填dying；down。

61．【详解】①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为一篇小作文；
②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”；
③提示：根据文章内容和五个问题总结文章大意，可适当增加细节，突出重点。

62．【详解】①题材：本文是一篇邮件；
②时态：本文以“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：题目要求根据提示给美国笔友介绍如何有效学习汉语，主要包括学习汉字的发音，练习汉字的书写；多读书，尤其是中国名著，看中文电影，学唱汉语歌曲；与中国人交朋友，并寻找语言伙伴，以提高自己的口语能力。

写作时注意适当增加细节，不要遗漏要点。