八年级定语从句
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The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.
⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
(2) that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况， 多用who。
定语
① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾 语时，可省略。 The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省 略。
The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
This is all that I want from the school.
③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等 修饰时。如：
This is the very book that I am looking for these days. ④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：
(3) whose引导的定语从句注意点
①whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名 词短语。
② whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。 如：
The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说 了这个消息。
is her daughter.
2. The girl __(w__h_o_/w__h_o_m__/t_h_a_t_) _our teacher is talking with is a famous singer.
3. The girl__w__h_o_se__ mother is a teacher can speak English very well.
lives in town.
2.I know the student w__h_o_s_e_ article was published.
3.Betty, w__h_o__ has never been abroad, is studying
English very well.?that
4.My parents live in a house w__h_ic_h_/__t_h_a__t_ is
﹨
(3) He is a kind person. I have ever worked with him.
He is a kind person who I have ever worked with. whom that
﹨
(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如： All who heard the news were excited.
②先行词为those, he和people时。如： Those who want to go please sign your names here. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
﹨
who, that, whom, which, whose
1.I have a friend _w_h_o_/__t_h_a_t__ likes
listening to the classical music.
2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new
dress _(w__h_ic_h__/__th__a_t_) I gave her. 3.The man w__h_o_s_e_ leg broke in a match
used to be a good football player.
the boy =who 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
4.The school where I study is far from my home.
The scientist who we met yesterday is very famous
whom
in the world.
that
﹨
(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.
The dress which she is wearing is new.
that
which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting.
⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替， 但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of whom，或= of whom + the + 名词。如：
The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom
in the school = where 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is a machine the machine can fly. that /which
③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时，可省略。
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder （which） he is using is
made in Japan.
④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时，可省略。
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。 不可省略。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
Clause 非限制性定语从句
引导定语从句的关系词
指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所属关系 whose，of which 指地点 where 关
关 系 代 词
指时间 when 系
指原因 why 副
词
eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.
4. I can’t find the book __w_h_i_c_h_/_th_a_t__is borrowed from the library.
5. I can’t find the book __(_t_h_a_t/_w_h_i_c_h_)____you lent to me.
1.The family(_w_h_i_c_h_/__t_h_a_t_)_ I’m staying with
八年级定语从句
定语从句：是指在复合句中， 修饰名词或 代的词从句. 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代 词叫做“先行”词. 引导定语从句的词叫“关系”词
The Restrictive Attributive
定 Clause 语 限制性定语从句 从 句 The Non-Restrictive Attributive
Tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.
巩固练习：1. 用定语从句合并句子
(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my
friend.
(4) 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词 的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：
Those who are against the plan put up your hands.
Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.
③ whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人 也可以指物。
④whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语 序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of which，或= of which + the + 名词。如：
The novel whose title (= the title of which或of
1. 根据从句中的动词搭配
This is the book _fo__r which you asked.
注意：动词短语不能拆，即介词不提前 我照顾的那个老人好多了。 The old man after whom I am looking is better. The old man whom I am looking after is better.
We live in a house whose windows face south.
2. 关系代词的用法注意点 (1) that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况 只能用that 不能用which。 ①当先行词中有人又有物时。如： Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? ②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none 等时。如：
more than 100 years old.
5.
The
boy
with w_h__o_m_
?省略
John spoke
is
my
brother.
6.Luckily none of the people _w_h_o_m__ I know were
killed in the earthquake.
介词+whom/which如 何判断介词
先行词
关系代词
Hospital is a place where a doctor works.
先行词
关系副词
先行词和关系词的关系
1.A plane is a machine that can fly.
the machine = that
2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.
The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday.
Who/that
The lady
we saw her yesterday is Green
关系代词实际上代替的就是先行词
二. 关系词的分类
1. 关系代词
2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语 和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose
4.Kate is reading a book _w_h__ic_h_/__t_h_a_t_
is too difficult for her.
巩固练习： 用适当的关系词填空 1.The girl __w_h_o_/_th__a_t _is standing next to our teacher
2. 关系副词 关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副 词有：when, where, why
三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点 1. 关系代词的基本用法
关系代词m
人
which
物
that 人或物
whose 人或物
充当从句的成分
主语、宾语 宾语
主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语
⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
(2) that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况， 多用who。
定语
① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾 语时，可省略。 The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省 略。
The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
This is all that I want from the school.
③当先行词被only, just, very, right, last等 修饰时。如：
This is the very book that I am looking for these days. ④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：
(3) whose引导的定语从句注意点
①whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名 词短语。
② whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。 如：
The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说 了这个消息。
is her daughter.
2. The girl __(w__h_o_/w__h_o_m__/t_h_a_t_) _our teacher is talking with is a famous singer.
3. The girl__w__h_o_se__ mother is a teacher can speak English very well.
lives in town.
2.I know the student w__h_o_s_e_ article was published.
3.Betty, w__h_o__ has never been abroad, is studying
English very well.?that
4.My parents live in a house w__h_ic_h_/__t_h_a__t_ is
﹨
(3) He is a kind person. I have ever worked with him.
He is a kind person who I have ever worked with. whom that
﹨
(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如： All who heard the news were excited.
②先行词为those, he和people时。如： Those who want to go please sign your names here. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
﹨
who, that, whom, which, whose
1.I have a friend _w_h_o_/__t_h_a_t__ likes
listening to the classical music.
2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new
dress _(w__h_ic_h__/__th__a_t_) I gave her. 3.The man w__h_o_s_e_ leg broke in a match
used to be a good football player.
the boy =who 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
4.The school where I study is far from my home.
The scientist who we met yesterday is very famous
whom
in the world.
that
﹨
(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.
The dress which she is wearing is new.
that
which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting.
⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替， 但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of whom，或= of whom + the + 名词。如：
The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom
in the school = where 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is a machine the machine can fly. that /which
③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时，可省略。
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder （which） he is using is
made in Japan.
④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾 语。作宾语时，可省略。
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。 不可省略。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
Clause 非限制性定语从句
引导定语从句的关系词
指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所属关系 whose，of which 指地点 where 关
关 系 代 词
指时间 when 系
指原因 why 副
词
eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.
4. I can’t find the book __w_h_i_c_h_/_th_a_t__is borrowed from the library.
5. I can’t find the book __(_t_h_a_t/_w_h_i_c_h_)____you lent to me.
1.The family(_w_h_i_c_h_/__t_h_a_t_)_ I’m staying with
八年级定语从句
定语从句：是指在复合句中， 修饰名词或 代的词从句. 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代 词叫做“先行”词. 引导定语从句的词叫“关系”词
The Restrictive Attributive
定 Clause 语 限制性定语从句 从 句 The Non-Restrictive Attributive
Tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.
巩固练习：1. 用定语从句合并句子
(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my
friend.
(4) 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词 的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：
Those who are against the plan put up your hands.
Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.
③ whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人 也可以指物。
④whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语 序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of which，或= of which + the + 名词。如：
The novel whose title (= the title of which或of
1. 根据从句中的动词搭配
This is the book _fo__r which you asked.
注意：动词短语不能拆，即介词不提前 我照顾的那个老人好多了。 The old man after whom I am looking is better. The old man whom I am looking after is better.
We live in a house whose windows face south.
2. 关系代词的用法注意点 (1) that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况 只能用that 不能用which。 ①当先行词中有人又有物时。如： Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? ②当先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none 等时。如：
more than 100 years old.
5.
The
boy
with w_h__o_m_
?省略
John spoke
is
my
brother.
6.Luckily none of the people _w_h_o_m__ I know were
killed in the earthquake.
介词+whom/which如 何判断介词
先行词
关系代词
Hospital is a place where a doctor works.
先行词
关系副词
先行词和关系词的关系
1.A plane is a machine that can fly.
the machine = that
2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.
The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday.
Who/that
The lady
we saw her yesterday is Green
关系代词实际上代替的就是先行词
二. 关系词的分类
1. 关系代词
2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语 和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose
4.Kate is reading a book _w_h__ic_h_/__t_h_a_t_
is too difficult for her.
巩固练习： 用适当的关系词填空 1.The girl __w_h_o_/_th__a_t _is standing next to our teacher
2. 关系副词 关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副 词有：when, where, why
三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点 1. 关系代词的基本用法
关系代词m
人
which
物
that 人或物
whose 人或物
充当从句的成分
主语、宾语 宾语
主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语