大学物理英文版的中文词汇对照表

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大学物理专业词汇(一)

大学物理专业词汇(一)

大学物理专业词汇(上)Mechanics(力学)kinematics运动学dynamics 动力学vector 矢量scalar 标量scalar product 点乘cross product 叉乘position vector 位置矢量(位矢)displacement 位移state quantity 状态量process quantity 过程量average velocity 平均速度instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度(速度)speed 速率average acceleration 平均加速度instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度(加速度)tangential acceleration 切向加速度normal acceleration or radial acceleration 法向加速度或径向加速度inertia惯性momentum 动量impulse 冲量work 功kinetic energy 动能potential energy 势能conservative force 保守力instantaneous power 瞬时功率(功率)mechanical energy conservation law机械能守恒定律work-energy principle 功能原理angular displacement 角位移angular velocity 角速度angular acceleration 角加速度torque 力矩rigid body 刚体rotational inertia 转动惯量angular Momentum 角动量the conservation law of angular momentum 角动量守恒定律Electricity(电学)electric field 电场electric charge 电荷test charge 试验电荷electric dipole 电偶极子Gauss’s law 高斯定理electric flux 电通量spherical shell 球壳electric potential 电势electric potential difference 电势差electrostatic force 静电力electric potential energy 电势能conductor 导体electrostatic induction 静电感应electrostatic equilibrium 静电平衡capacitors电容器capacitance 电容energy density能量密度Magnetism(磁学)magnetic field 磁场Lorenz’ Force 楞次定律magnetic field lines 磁力线magnetic force 磁力Biot-Savart Law 毕奥-萨伐尔定律solenoid 螺线管Ampere’s Law 安培定律(安培环路定理)the law of electromagnetic induction 电磁感应定律flux of a magnetic field 磁通量electromotive force(emf) 电动势motional emf 动生电动势induced emf 感生电动势。

常用物理单词的中英文对照表

常用物理单词的中英文对照表

常用物理单词的中英文对照表-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN常用物理单词的中英文对照表Ⅰ、测量(measurement)物理学 physics测量 measure (vt.)测量工具 measuring tool测量范围 measuring range最小刻度 division value 实验 experiment实验室 laboratory误差 error刻度尺 meter ruler零刻度线 zero graduation line长度 length单位 unit面积 area千米 kilometer米 meter平方米 square meter 立方米 cubic meter分米 decimeter厘米 centimeter毫米 millimeter微米 micron纳米 nanometer时间 time小时 hour分钟 minute秒 second毫秒 millisecond体积 volume升 Liter毫升 Milliliter天平 balance砝码 weights游码 rider质量 mass吨 ton 千克 kilogram克 gram毫克 milligram停表 stop watch力 force牛顿 Newton测力计 dynamometer弹簧秤 spring balanceⅡ、运动(simplemotion)相对运动 relativemotion方向 direction位置 position路程 path静止 rest参照物 reference2速度 velocity平均速度 average velocity直线运动 rectilinear motion曲线运动 curvilinear motion变速直线运动 variable rectilinear motion匀速直线运动 uniform rectilinear motionⅡ、热(heat)温度 temperature温度计 thermometer摄氏度 degree centigrade体温计 clinical thermometer分子 molecules分子运动 molecular motion物质 substance 物体 object状态 state固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gas物态变化 statetransformation晶体 crystal非晶体 noncrystal熔化 melting凝固 solidification熔点 melting point凝固点 solidifying point汽化 vaporization蒸发 evaporation沸腾 boiling沸点 boiling point液化 liquefaction升华 sublimation凝华 condensation扩散 diffusion吸引力 attractive force排斥力 repulsive force冰箱 refrigerator热传递 heat transfer热传导 heat conduction热对流 heat convection热辐射 heat radiation吸收 absorb(v.)放出 release(v.)热量 heat比热(容) specific heat(capacity)Ⅳ、光(light)光源 light source光的直线传播rectilinear propagationof light均匀介质 well-distributed medium3光速 velocity of light小孔成像image byping hole日食 solar eclipse月食 lunar eclipse光的色散 dispersion of light平面镜 plane mirror光的反射 reflectionof light反射定律 reflection law 入射光线 incident ray反射光线 reflected ray 法线 normal镜面反射 mirror reflection漫反射 diffuse reflection 入射角 incident angle反射角 reflection angle 海市蜃楼 mirage 光的折射 refractionoflight折射光线 refracted ray折射角 refraction angle光屏(屏幕) screen照相机 camera潜望镜 periscope幻灯机 slide projector电影放映机 filmprojector空气 air真空 vacuum蜡烛 candle透镜 lens凸透镜 convex lens凹透镜 concave lens会聚 converge(v.)发散 diverge(v.)焦距 focal length焦点 focus实像 real image虚像 virtual image(主)光轴 principaloptical axis光心 optical centeroflens放大的 amplified缩小的 reduced正立的 erected倒立的 inverted放大镜 magnifier玻璃 glass水 waterⅤ、磁(magnetism)磁体 magnet小磁针 magneticneedle磁场 magnetic field天然磁体 naturalmagnet4磁极 magnetic pole地磁场 geomagnetic field人造磁体 man-made magnet南极 north pole北极 South pole电流的磁场 magnetic field of electric current条形磁铁 bar magnet磁感线 magnetic induction line蹄形磁铁 horseshoe magnet磁化 magnetization电磁铁 electromagnet Ⅵ、声音(sound)振动 vibrate声波 wave of sound 振幅 amplitude介质 medium音调 pitch噪音 noise传播 travel响度 loudness乐音 voice声速 velocity of sound音色 musical quality分贝 decibel(dB)回声 echo频率 frequencyⅦ、力(force)重力 gravity惯性 inertia动力 motive force重心 center of gravity平衡 equilibrium阻力 resistance摩擦力 friction force压强 pressure动力臂 power arm滑动摩擦 sliding friction帕斯卡 Pascal(Pa)阻力臂 resisting arm滚动摩擦 rolling friction液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线 action-line静摩擦 static friction大气压强 atmosphericofpressure滑轮 pulley压力 pressure force标准大气压standardatmospherepressure定滑轮 fixed pulley浮力 buoyancy force5。

物理专业英语词汇

物理专业英语词汇

物理专业英语词汇摘要:物理学是一门研究自然界最基本的规律和现象的科学,它涉及到许多专业的英语词汇。

本文根据物理学的不同分支,整理了一些常用的物理专业英语词汇,并用表格的形式展示了它们的中英文对照。

本文旨在帮助物理专业的学习者和爱好者掌握一些基本的物理术语,以便于阅读和交流。

1. 基础物理词汇基础物理词汇是指一些在物理学中普遍使用的概念和量,它们是物理学的基本语言。

以下是一些基础物理词汇的中英文对照表:中文英文物理physics物质matter能量energy力force重力gravity摩擦力friction拉力traction质量mass惯性inertia加速度acceleration力矩torque静止at rest相对relative动能kinetic energy势能potential energy功work动量momentum角动量angular momentum能量守恒energy conservation保守力conserved force振动vibration振幅amplitude波wave驻波standing wave震荡oscillation相干波coherent wave干涉interference衍射diffraction轨道orbit速度velocity速率speed大小magnitude方向direction水平horizontal竖直vertical相互垂直perpendicular坐标coordinate直角坐标系Cartesian coordinate system极坐标系polar coordinate system2. 电学和磁学词汇电学和磁学是研究电荷、电流、电场、磁场等现象和规律的物理学分支,它们与光学、热学、原子物理等有着密切的联系。

以下是一些电学和磁学词汇的中英文对照表:中文英文电子electron电荷charge电流current电场electric field电通量electric flux电势electric potential导体conductor电介质dielectric绝缘体insulator电阻resistor电阻率resistivity电容capacitor3. 物理专业英语词汇物理专业英语词汇是指在物理学的学习和研究中经常使用的一些专业术语,它们涵盖了物理学的各个分支和领域,如力学、电磁学、光学、热学、量子力学等。

大学物理英文单词表1

大学物理英文单词表1

Conservative force 保守力 Nonconservative forces非保守力 dissipative force 耗散力 Potential energy 势能 Mechanical energy 机械能 conservation of energy 能量守恒
Slope 斜率 Gradient 梯度
Matter 物质 Object 实物 Motion 运动 Interaction 相互作用 Field 场 Mass 质量
Particle
质点
SI 国际单位制 System of Units 单位制
Mechanics 力学 Kinematics 运动学 Dynamics 动力学
basic units 基本单位 derived units 导出单位 Dimension 量纲 primary dimensions 基本量纲 Multiply 乘 algebraic combination 代数和 right-hand rule 右手定则 Origin 原点 Axis,axes 坐标轴 coordinate system 坐标系 Superposition 叠加
2
angular momentum principle 角动量定理 Conservation of angular momentum 角动量守恒 The Coriolis Effect 科里奥利效应 Coriolis force 科里奥利力 rotational reference frame 旋转参照系 the inertial reference frame 惯性参照系
Reference Frame 参考系 2D-plane 二维平面 Show 证明 Rank …according to … 依据…排列

物理单词中英对照

物理单词中英对照

物理单词中英对照1. 力(Force)在物理学中,力是使物体产生加速度的原因。

2. 质量(Mass)质量是物体所含物质的量,是衡量物体惯性大小的物理量。

3. 速度(Velocity)速度是描述物体位置变化快慢和方向的物理量。

4. 加速度(Acceleration)加速度是描述速度变化快慢的物理量。

5. 动能(Kinetic Energy)动能是物体由于运动而具有的能量。

6. 势能(Potential Energy)势能是物体由于位置关系而具有的能量。

7. 功(Work)功是力在物体上产生位移的过程,是能量转化的量度。

8. 功率(Power)功率是单位时间内做功的多少,表示能量转化速率。

9. 温度(Temperature)温度是衡量物体冷热程度的物理量。

10. 压强(Pressure)压强是单位面积上受到的力的大小。

11. 密度(Density)密度是单位体积内物质的质量。

12. 摩擦力(Friction)摩擦力是两个接触物体在相对运动时产生的阻力。

13. 重力(Gravity)重力是地球对物体产生的吸引力。

14. 电荷(Electric Charge)电荷是物质的一种基本属性,表现为物体间的电磁相互作用。

15. 电流(Electric Current)电流是电荷在单位时间内通过导体截面的量。

16. 电压(Electric Voltage)电压是推动电荷流动的电势差。

17. 电阻(Electric Resistance)电阻是导体对电流阻碍作用的物理量。

18. 磁场(Magnetic Field)磁场是描述磁力作用范围的物理量。

19. 振动(Vibration)振动是物体围绕平衡位置做周期性运动的现象。

20. 波(Wave)波是振动在介质中传播的过程。

物理单词中英对照(续)21. 频率(Frequency)频率是指单位时间内完成振动的次数,是描述波动特性的基本参数。

22. 波长(Wavelength)波长是波在一个周期内传播的距离,它与频率共同决定了波的速度。

大学物理英汉词汇对照

大学物理英汉词汇对照

大学物理英汉词汇对照1、mechanical motion 机械运动2、theory of relativity 相对论3、particl 质点4、frame of reference 参照系5、position vector 位置矢量6、equation of motion 运动方程7、orbit 轨道8、distance 路程9、displacement 位移10、velocity 速度11、acceleration 加速度12、tangential acceleration 切向加速度13、normal acceleration 切向加速度14、Newton's law of motion 牛顿运动定律15、inertia 惯性16、force 力17、moment of force 力矩18、Galileo transformation 伽利略变换19、system 系统20、work 功21、kinetic energy 动能22、potential energy 势能23、mechanical energy 机械能24、momentum 动量25、angular momentum 角动量26、Lorentz transformation 洛仑兹变换27、mol 摩尔28、atmospheric pressure 大气压29、standard condition 标准状况30、ideal gas 理想气体31、gas constant 气体常数32、Avogadro’s number阿伏伽德罗数33、distribution function of speed 速率分布函数34、most probable speed 最概然速率35、average speed 平均速率36、root-mean-square speed 方均根速率37、degree of freedom 自由度38、diatomic molecule 双原子分子39、polyatomic molecule 多原子分子40、theorem of equipartition of energy 能量均分定理41、collision frequency 碰撞频率42、free path 自由程43、temperature 温度44、electromagnetism 电磁学45、electric field 电场46、magnetic field 磁场47、electromagnetic field 电磁场48、electromagnetic wave 电磁波49、Maxwell’s equations麦克斯韦方程组50、electromagnetic energy 电磁能量51、energy of electric field 电场能量52、energy of magnetic field 磁场能量53、Poynting’s vector坡印廷矢量54、energy flow density 能流密度55、Lorentz force 洛伦兹力56、electron 电子57、electron theory 电荷58、point charge 点电荷59、charge density 电荷密度60、conservation law of charge 电荷守恒定律61、bound charge 束缚电荷62、free charge 自由电荷63、conductor 导体64、insulator 绝缘体65、dielectric 电介质66、C oulomb’s law库仑定律67、electrostatic field 静电场68、electric field strength 电场强度69、electric flux 电通量70、Gauss’s law高斯定理71、electric potential 电势72、electric potential difference 电势差73、equipotential surface 等势面74、electrostatic induction 静电感应75、induced charge 感生电荷76、electrostatic shielding 静电屏蔽77、electrostatic equilibrium 静电平衡78、capacitance 电容79、electric source 电源80、non-electrostatic force 非静电力81、electromotive force 电动势82、magnetostatic field 静磁场83、magnetic induction 磁感应强度83、magnetic field strength 磁场强度85、uniform magnetic field 均匀磁场86、magnetic induction flux 磁感应通量87、Ampere’s force安培力88、Hall effect 霍耳效应88、paramagnetic substance 顺磁质89、diamagnetic substance 抗磁质90、superconductivity 超导性91、ferromagnetic substance 铁磁质92、electromagnetic induction 电磁感应93、Faraday’s electromagnetic induction law 法拉第电磁感应定律94、induced electromotive force 感生电动势95、motional electromotive force 动生电动势96、(1)self induction (2)self inductance 自感97、(1)mutual induction (2)mutual inductance 互感98、eddy current 涡电流99、displacement current 位移电流100、electromagnetic oscillation 电磁振荡101、electromagnetic spectrum 电磁波谱102、electromagnetic theory of light 光的电磁理论103、Hertz’s experiment赫兹实验104、coulomb 库仑105、volt 伏特106、ohm 欧姆107、reciprocal ohm 姆欧108、siemens 西门子109、ampere 安培110、farad 法拉111、henry 亨利112、weber 韦伯113、vibration(vibration motion oscillation)振动114、harmonic oscillation 谐振动115、damped oscillation 阻尼振动116、forced oscillation 受迫振动117、linear oscillation 线性振动118、mechanical oscillation 机械振动119、thermal oscillation 热振动120、light oscillation 光振动121、period 周期122、frequency 频率123、amplitude 振幅124、phase 相位125、synthesis 合成126、rotating vector 旋转矢量127、wave 波动128、superposition 迭加129、mechanical wave 机械波130、electromagnetic ware 电磁波131、longitudinal waves 纵波132、transversal waves 横波133、ware surface 波面134、ray 波线135、wave front 波前136、wave speed 波速137、plane wave平面波138、spherical waves 球面波139、harmonic waves 简谐波140、wave function 波函数141、wavelength 波长142、wave number 波数143、interference 干涉144、coherent wave 相干波145、constructive interference 相长干涉146、destructive interference 相消干涉147、geometrical optics 几何光学148、modern optics 现代光学149、physical optics 物理光学150、wave optics 波动光学151、quantum optics 量子光学152、nonlinear optics 非线性光学153、applied optics 应用光学154、information optics 信息光学155、Fourier optics 傅里叶光学156、index of refraction 折射率157、photo vector 光矢量158、speed of light 光速159、Young’s two-slit interference 扬氏双缝干涉160、equal inclination interference 等倾干涉161、equal thickness interference 等厚干涉162、film interference 薄膜干涉163、diffraction 衍射164、Fresnel diffraction 菲涅尔衍射165、Fraunhofer diffraction 夫琅和费衍射166、Huygens-Fresnel principle 惠更斯-菲涅尔原理167、Single slit diffraction 单缝衍射168、Double slit diffraction 双缝衍射169、Circular hole diffraction 圆孔衍射170、X-ray diffraction X射线171、Electron diffraction 电子衍射172、Rayleigh criterion 瑞利判据173、grating 光栅174、grating constant 光栅常数175、grating spectrum 光栅光谱176、natural light(natural daylight)自然光177、polarized light 偏振光178、linearly polarized light 线偏振光151、partially polarized light 部分偏振光179、Malus law 马吕斯定律180、birefringence(double refraction)双折射181、ordinary light 寻常光182、extraordinary light 非寻常光184、thermal radiation 热辐射(heat radiation)(calorific radiation)184、black-body radiation 黑体辐射185、Planck’s qua ntum theory 普朗克量子论186、photo-electric effect 光电效应187、light quantum 光(量)子188、Compton effect 康普顿效应189、Compton wave lenghth 康普顿波长190、atomic structure 原子结构191、Bohr’s quantum theory 玻尔量子论192、Bohr radius 玻尔半径193、matter wave 物质波194、microscopic world 微观世界195、macroscopic world 宏观世界196、wave-particle duality 波粒二象性197、quantum physics 量子物理学198、length 长度199、mass 质量200、time 时间201、electric current 电流202、thermodynamic temperature 热力学温度203、amount of substance 物质的量204、luminous intensity 发光强度205、plane angle 平面角206、solid angle 立体角Prefixes Used With SI Units国际单位制使用的词头exa—艾E(1018)peta—拍P(1015)tera—太T(1012)giga—吉G(109)mega—兆M(106)kilo—千K(103)hecto—白h(102)deca—十da(10)deci—分d(10-1)centi—厘c(10-2)milli—毫m(10-3)micro—微μ(10-6)nano—纳n(10-9)pico—皮p(10-12)femto—飞f(10-15)affo—阿a(10-18)。

常用物理单词的中英文对照表

常用物理单词的中英文对照表

常用物理单词的中英文对照表常用物理单词的中英文对照表物理(Physics)能量(Energy)质量(Mass)力(Force)速度(Velocity)加速度(Acceleration)角度(Angle)力学(Mechanics)热力学(Thermodynamics)电动力学(Electrodynamics)电磁场(Electromagnetic Field)光学(Optics)原子(Atom)分子(Molecule)导体(Conductor)绝缘体(Insulator)电容器(Capacitor)电阻器(Resistor)电感器(Inductor)电子(Electron)质子(Proton)中子(Neutron)原子核(Atomic Nucleus)波动(Wave)频率(Frequency)振动(Vibration)周期(Period)波长(Wavelength)位移(Displacement)力与运动(Force and Motion)牛顿(Newton)牛顿第一定律(Newton's First Law)牛顿第二定律(Newton's Second Law)牛顿第三定律(Newton's Third Law)滑动摩擦力(Kinetic Friction)静摩擦力(Static Friction)离心力(Centrifugal Force)滑块(Block)滑轮(Pulley)杠杆(Lever)重力(Gravity)重心(Center of Gravity)摆动(Pendulum)机械波(Mechanical Wave)电磁波(Electromagnetic Wave)声波(Sound Wave)光波(Light Wave)磁场(Magnetic Field)电场(Electric Field)电流(Electric Current)电压(Voltage)电能(Electric Energy)电荷(Electric Charge)磁极(Magnetic Pole)超导体(Superconductor)布里渊区(Brillouin Zone)各向同性(Isotropy)晶体学(Crystallography)紫外线(Ultraviolet)紫外光(Ultraviolet Light)紫外灯(Ultraviolet Lamp)量子力学(Quantum Mechanics)相对论(Relativity)黑洞(Black Hole)穿越(Wormhole)时间旅行(Time Travel)弦理论(String Theory)。

大学物理英文版的中文词汇对照表

大学物理英文版的中文词汇对照表

Conductors & dielectrics in electrostatic fieldDielectric 电介质 Electrostatic equilibrium 静电平衡 Polarization 极化 Relative permittivity of dielectric 电介质的相对电容率 Electric susceptibility 电极化率 Electric displacement 电位移矢量 Metal 金属 Capacitor 电容器 Capacitance 电容 Farad 法拉 Breakdown field strength (dielectric strength) 击穿电场强度 (电介质绝缘强度) Parallel combination 并联 Series combination 串联 Energy of electrostatic field 静电场的能量Electrostatic induction 静电感应 Electrostatic shield 静电屏蔽 Coaxial 同轴的 Isotropic 各向同性的 Free charge 自由电荷 Polarized charge 极化电荷 Electric polarization 电极化强度 Permittivity of dielectric 电介质的电容率 Gauss’s law with dielectric 电介质中的高斯定理 Conducting 导电的 Parallel-plate capacitor 平行板电容器 Cylindrical capacitor 圆柱形电容器 Spherical capacitor 球形电容器 Energy density of electrostatic filed 静电场的能量密度Magnetic forces & magnetic fieldsMagnetic field 磁场 Steady current 恒定电流 Electric current 电流 Drift speed 漂移速率 Magnetic induction 磁感应强度 The Biot-Savart law 毕奥-萨伐尔定律 Infinitesimal 无限小的 Permeability of free space 真空磁导率 Principle of superposition of magnetic induction 磁感应强度叠加原理 Loop, Coil 线圈 Solenoid 螺线管 Angular velocity 角速度 Magnetic flux 磁通量 Gauss’s law in magnetic fieldSteady magnetic field 恒定磁场 Electromotive force (emf) 电动势 Current density 电流密度 Conduction current 传导电流 Ampere 安培 Circuit 电路,回路 Magnet 磁铁 Tesla 特斯拉 Current element 电流元 Right-hand rule 右手螺旋定则 Current-carrying 载流的 Extending line 延长线 Magnetic moment 磁矩 Magnetic induction lines 磁感应线 Ampere’s loop law 安培环路定理磁场中的高斯定理 Clockwise 顺时针的 Anticlockwise (counterclockwise) 逆时针的 Ideal 理想的 Closed path 闭合路径 Turn 匝,圈 Lorentz force 洛伦兹力 Ampere force 安培力 period 周期 Ampere law 安培定律 Torque 转矩 Magnetization 磁化Rectangle 长方形的 Cross section 截面 Toroid 螺绕环 Closely spaced 密绕的 Magnetic medium 磁介质 Ampere’s loop law in magnetic medium 磁介质中的安培环路定理 Magnetic permeability 磁导率 Relative magnetic permeability 相对磁导率 Magnetization intensity 磁化强度 Magnetization current 磁化电流 Magnetic field intensity 磁场强度Faraday’s law & inductanceFaraday’s law of induction 法拉第电磁感应定律 Induction electromotive force 感应电动势 Magnetic flux linkage 磁链 Vary 变化 Motional electromotive force 动生电动势 Bar 棒 Pivot 支点 Induced electric field 感生电场 Mutual inductance electromotive force 互感电动势 Henry 亨利 Energy of magnetic field 磁场的能量 Energy density of magnetic field 磁场的能量密度 Cable 电缆 Displacement current 位移电流 Full current 全电流Induction current 感应电流 Lenz’s law 楞次定律 Move away from 离开 Upwards 向上 Downwards 向下 Induced electromotive force 感生电动势 Electromagnetic field 电磁场 Self-inductance electromotive force 自感电动势 Self-inductance 自感 Mutual-inductance 互感 Volume element 体积元 Displacement current density 位移电流密度 Ampere’s loop law in full current 全电流安培环路定理 Maxwell electromagnetism theorem 麦克斯韦电磁场理论 Maxwell’s equations 麦克斯韦方程组。

物理学英语专业词汇表

物理学英语专业词汇表

物理学英语专业词汇表BET公式 BET formulaDLVO理论DLVO theoryHLB法 hydrophile-lipophile balance methodpVT性质pVT propertyζ电势zeta potential阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro’number阿伏加德罗定律Avogadro law阿累尼乌斯电离理论 Arrhenius ionization theory阿累尼乌斯方程 Arrhenius equation阿累尼乌斯活化能Arrhenius activation energy阿马格定律Amagat law艾林方程Erying equation爱因斯坦光化当量定律Einstein ’s law of photochemical equivalence 爱因斯坦-斯托克斯方程Einstein-Stokes equation安托万常数Antoine constant安托万方程Antoine equation盎萨格电导理论 Onsager’s theory of conductance半电池 half cell半衰期 half time period饱和液体saturated liquids饱和蒸气saturated vapor饱和吸附量 saturated extent of adsorption饱和蒸气压saturated vapor pressure爆炸界线explosion limits比表面功specific surface work比表面吉布斯函数 specific surface Gibbs function比浓粘度reduced viscosity标准电动势standard electromotive force标准电极电势standard electrode potential标准摩尔反响焓standard molar reaction enthalpy标准摩尔反响吉布斯函数 standard Gibbs function of molar reaction标准摩尔反响熵 standard molar reaction entropy标准摩尔焓函数standard molar enthalpy function标准摩尔吉布斯自由能函数 standard molar Gibbs free energy function标准摩尔焚烧焓 standard molar combustion enthalpy标准摩尔熵standard molar entropy标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation enthalpy标准摩尔生成吉布斯函数 standard molar formation Gibbs function标准均衡常数 standard equilibrium constant标准氢电极standard hydrogen electrode标准态standard state标准熵standard entropy标准压力standard pressure标准情况 standard condition表观活化能apparent activation energy表观摩尔质量 apparent molecular weight表观迁徙数apparent transference number表面surfaces表面过程控制surface process control表面活性剂surfactants表面吸附量surface excess表面张力surface tension表面质量作用定律surface mass action law波义尔定律Boyle law波义尔温度Boyle temperature波义尔点 Boyle point第 1 页玻尔兹曼常数Boltzmann constant玻尔兹曼散布Boltzmann distribution玻尔兹曼公式Boltzmann formula玻尔兹曼熵定理Boltzmann entropy theorem玻色-爱因斯坦统计Bose-Einstein statistics泊 Poise不行逆过程irreversible process不行逆过程热力学 thermodynamics of irreversible processes不行逆相变化 irreversible phase change布朗运动brownian movement查理定律 Charle ’s law产率yieldopen system敞开系统超电势over potential沉降sedimentation沉降电势sedimentation potential沉降均衡sedimentation equilibrium触变thixotropy粗分别系统thick disperse system催化剂catalyst单分子层吸附理论 mono molecule layer adsorption单分子反响unimolecular reaction单链反响straight chain reactions弹式量热计bomb calorimeter道尔顿定律Dalton law道尔顿分压定律 Dalton partial pressure law德拜和法尔肯哈根效应 Debye and Falkenhagen effect德拜立方公式 Debye cubic formula德拜-休克尔极限公式 Debye-Huckel’s limiting equation等焓过程 isenthalpic process等焓线isenthalpic line等几率定理theorem of equal probability等温等容位Helmholtz free energy等温等压位Gibbs free energy等温方程equation at constant temperature低共熔点eutectic point低共熔混淆物eutectic mixture低会溶点lower consolute point低熔冰盐合晶cryohydric第二类永动机 perpetual machine of the second kind第三定律熵 third-law entropy第一类永动机perpetual machine of the first kind缔合化学吸附association chemical adsorption电池常数cell constant电池电动势electromotive force of cells电池反响cell reaction电导conductance电导率conductivity电动势的温度系数temperature coefficient of electromotive force 电动电势zeta potential电功electric work电化学electrochemistry电化学极化electrochemical polarization电极电势electrode potential电极反响reactions on the electrode电极种类type of electrodes第 2 页电解池electrolytic cell电量计coulometer电流效率current efficiency电迁徙electro migration电迁徙率electromobility电渗electroosmosis电渗析electrodialysis电泳electrophoresis丁达尔效应Dyndall effect定容摩尔热容 molar heat capacity under constant volume定容温度计 Constant voIume thermometer定压摩尔热容 molar heat capacity under constant pressure定压温度计 constant pressure thermometer定域子系统localized particle system动力学方程kinetic equations动力学控制kinetics control独立子系统independent particle system对照摩尔体积reduced mole volume对照体积 reduced volume对照温度reduced temperature对照压力reduced pressure对称数symmetry number对行反响reversible reactions对应状态原理principle of corresponding state多方过程polytropic process多分子层吸附理论 adsorption theory of multi-molecular layers 二级反响 second order reaction二级相变second order phase change法拉第常数faraday constant法拉第定律Faraday’s law反电动势back E.M.F.反浸透reverse osmosis反响分子数molecularity反响级数reaction orders反响进度extent of reaction反响热heat of reaction反响速率rate of reaction反响速率常数constant of reaction rate范德华常数van der Waals constant范德华方程van der Waals equation范德华力van der Waals force范德华气体van der Waals gases范特霍夫方程van ’t Hoff equation范特霍夫规则van ’t Hoff rule范特霍夫浸透压公式 van ’t Hoff equation of osmotic pressure 非基元反响 non-elementary reactions非体积功non-volume work非依时计量学反响 time independent stoichiometric reactions 菲克扩散第必定律 Fick ’s first law of diffusion沸点boiling point沸点高升elevation of boiling point费米-狄拉克统计Fermi-Dirac statistics散布distribution散布数distribution numbers分解电压decomposition voltage分派定律distribution law第 3 页物理学英语专业词汇表分别系统disperse system分别相dispersion phase分体积partial volume分体积定律partial volume law分压partial pressure分压定律partial pressure law分子反响力学mechanics of molecular reactions分子间力intermolecular force分子蒸馏molecular distillation关闭系统closed system附带压力 excess pressure弗罗因德利希吸附经验式Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption 负极negative pole负吸附negative adsorption复合反响 composite reaction盖·吕萨克定律 Gay-Lussac law盖斯定律Hess law甘汞电极calomel electrode感胶离子序lyotropic series杠杆规则lever rule高分子溶液macromolecular solution高会溶点upper consolute point隔绝法the isolation method格罗塞斯-德雷珀定律Grotthus-Draoer ’s law隔绝系统isolated system根均方速率 root-mean-square speed功 work功函work content共轭溶液conjugate solution共沸温度azeotropic temperature构型熵configurational entropy孤立系统isolated system固溶胶solid sol固态混淆物solid solution固相线solid phase line光反响photoreaction光化学第二定律 the second law of actinochemistry光化学第必定律 the first law of actinochemistry 光敏反响 photosensitized reactions光谱熵spectrum entropy广度性质extensive property广延量extensive quantity广延性质extensive property规定熵stipulated entropy过饱和溶液oversaturated solution过饱和蒸气oversaturated vapor过程process过渡状态理论transition state theory过冷水super-cooled water过冷液体overcooled liquid过热液体overheated liquid亥姆霍兹函数Helmholtz function亥姆霍兹函数判据Helmholtz function criterion亥姆霍兹自由能Helmholtz free energy亥氏函数Helmholtz function焓 enthalpy第 4 页物理学英语专业词汇表亨利常数Henry constant亨利定律Henry law恒沸混淆物constant boiling mixture恒容摩尔热容 molar heat capacity at constant volume恒容热 heat at constant volume恒外压constant external pressure恒压摩尔热容 molar heat capacity at constant pressure恒压热 heat at constant pressure 化学动力学 chemicalkinetics化学反响计量式stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction 化学反响计量系数 stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction 化学反响进度 extent of chemical reaction 化学亲合势 chemical affinity化学热力学chemical thermodynamics化学势chemical potential化学势判据 chemical potential criterion化学吸附chemisorptions环境environment环境熵变 entropy change in environment挥发度 volatility混淆熵entropy of mixing混淆物mixture活度activity活化控制activation control活化络合物理论 activated complex theory活化能 activation energy霍根- 华森图 Hougen-Watson Chart基态能级 energy level at ground state基希霍夫公式 Kirchhoff formula基元反响 elementary reactions积分溶解热 integration heat of dissolution吉布斯-杜亥姆方程Gibbs-Duhem equation吉布斯-亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Helmhotz equation吉布斯函数 Gibbs function吉布斯函数判据 Gibbs function criterion吉布斯吸附公式 Gibbs adsorption formula吉布斯自由能 Gibbs free energy吉氏函数Gibbs function极化电极电势 polarization potential of electrode极化曲线polarization curves极化作用polarization极限摩尔电导率 limiting molar conductivity几率因子steric factor计量式stoichiometric equation计量系数stoichiometric coefficient价数规则rule of valence简并度degeneracy键焓 bond enthalpy胶冻broth jelly胶核colloidal nucleus胶凝作用demulsification胶束 micelle胶体colloid胶体分别系统 dispersion system of colloid胶体化学collochemistry胶体粒子colloidal particles第 5 页micelle 物理学英语专业词汇表胶团焦耳 JouleJoule-Thomson experiment 焦耳- 汤姆生实验 焦耳- 汤姆生系数 Joule-Thomson coefficient焦耳- 汤姆奏效应 Joule-Thomson effect焦耳定律 Joule`s law接触电势 contact potential接触角 contact angle节流过程 throttling process节流膨胀 throttling expansion节流膨胀系数 coefficient of throttling expansion结线 tie line结晶热 heat of crystallization解离化学吸附 dissociation chemical adsorption界面 interfaces界面张力 surface tension浸润 immersion wetting浸润功 immersion wetting work精馏 rectify 聚(合)电解质 polyelectrolyte聚沉 coagulation聚沉值 coagulation value 绝对反响速率理论 absolute reaction rate theory绝对熵 absolute entropy绝对温标 absolute temperature scale绝热过程 adiabatic process绝热量热计 adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数 adiabatic index卡诺定理 Carnot theorem卡诺循环 Carnot cycle开尔文公式 Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫-吉布斯定律 Konovalov-Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律 Kohlrausch ’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions 可能的电解质 potential electrolyte可逆电池 reversible cell可逆过程 reversible process可逆过程方程 reversible process equation可逆体积功 reversible volume work可逆相变 reversible phase change克拉佩龙方程 Clapeyron equation克劳修斯不等式 Clausius inequality克劳修斯-克拉佩龙方程 Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步骤 control step库仑计 coulometer扩散控制 diffusion controlled拉普拉斯方程 Laplace ’s equation拉乌尔定律 Raoult law 兰格缪尔-欣谢尔伍德机理 Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式 Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula 雷利公式 Rayleigh equation冷冻系数 coefficient of refrigeration冷却曲线 cooling curve离解热 heat of dissociation离解压力 dissociation pressure离域子系统 non-localized particle systems 标准摩尔生成焓 standard molar formation of ion第 6 页物理学英语专业词汇表离子的电迁徙率mobility of ions离子的迁徙数transport number of ions离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ionic strength理想混淆物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas接触电势contact potential接触角contact angle节流过程throttling process节流膨胀throttling expansion节流膨胀系数coefficient of throttling expansion结线tie line结晶热heat of crystallization解离化学吸附dissociation chemical adsorption界面interfaces界面张力surface tension浸润immersion wetting浸润功immersion wetting work精馏rectify聚(合)电解质polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulation value绝对反响速率理论absolute reaction rate theory绝对熵absolute entropy绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程adiabatic process绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数adiabatic index卡诺定理Carnot theorem卡诺循环Carnot cycle开尔文公式Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫-吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律 Kohlrausch ’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions 可能的电解质 potential electrolyte可逆电池reversible cell可逆过程 reversible process可逆过程方程reversible process equation可逆体积功reversible volume work可逆相变reversible phase change克拉佩龙方程Clapeyron equation克劳修斯不等式Clausius inequality克劳修斯-克拉佩龙方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步骤control step库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controlled拉普拉斯方程Laplace ’s equation拉乌尔定律Raoult law兰格缪尔-欣谢尔伍德机理 Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式 Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula 雷利公式 Rayleigh equation冷冻系数coefficient of refrigeration冷却曲线cooling curve离解热heat of dissociation离解压力dissociation pressure离域子系统non-localized particle systems第 7 页离子的标准摩尔生成焓 standard molar formation of ion离子的电迁徙率 mobility of ions离子的迁徙数transport number of ions离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ionic strength理想混淆物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas理想气体的绝热指数adiabatic index of ideal gases理想气体的微观模型micro-model of ideal gas理想气体反响的等温方程isothermal equation of ideal gaseous reactions理想气体绝热可逆过程方程 adiabatic reversible process equation of ideal gases 理想气体状态方程 state equation of ideal gas理想稀溶液 ideal dilute solution理想液态混淆物perfect liquid mixture粒子 particlespartition function of particles粒子的配分函数连串反响 consecutive reactions链的传达物 chain carrier链反响chain reactions量热熵calorimetric entropy量子统计quantum statistics量子效率quantum yield临界参数critical parameter临界常数 critical constant临界点critical point临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration临界摩尔体积critical molar volume临界温度critical temperature临界压力critical pressure临界状态critical state零级反响zero order reaction流动电势streaming potential流动功flow work笼盖效应cage effect路易斯-兰德尔逸度规则 Lewis-Randall rule of fugacity露点 dew point露点线dew point line麦克斯韦关系式Maxwell relations麦克斯韦速率散布Maxwell distribution of speeds麦克斯韦能量散布 MaxwelIdistribution of energy毛细管凝结condensation in capillary毛细现象capillaryphenomena米凯利斯常数 Michaelis constant摩尔电导率molar conductivity摩尔反响焓molar reaction enthalpy摩尔混淆熵 mole entropy of mixing摩尔气体常数 molar gas constant摩尔热容molar heat capacity摩尔溶解焓mole dissolution enthalpy摩尔稀释焓mole dilution enthalpy内扩散控制internal diffusions control内能internal energy内压力internal pressure能级energy levels能级散布energy level distribution第 8 页能量均分原理 principle of the equipartition of energy能斯特方程 Nernst equation能斯特热定理Nernst heat theorem凝结点freezing point凝结点降低lowering of freezing point凝结点曲线freezing point curve凝胶gelatin凝集态condensed state凝集相condensed phase浓差超电势concentration over-potential浓差极化concentration polarization浓差电池concentration cells帕斯卡pascal泡点bubble point泡点线bubble point line配分函数partition function配分函数的析因子性质 property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state碰撞截面collision cross section碰撞数the number of collisions偏摩尔量partial mole quantities均衡常数(理想气体反响) equilibrium constants for reactions of ideal gases 平动配分函数 partition function of translation均衡散布equilibrium distribution均衡态equilibrium state均衡态近似法equilibrium state approximation均衡状态图equilibrium state diagram均匀活度mean activity均匀活度系统mean activity coefficient均匀摩尔热容mean molar heat capacity均匀质量摩尔浓度 mean mass molarity均匀自由程mean free path平行反响parallel reactions破乳demulsification铺展spreading广泛化范德华方程 universal van der Waals equation其余功 the other work气化热heat of vaporization气溶胶aerosol气体常数gas constant气体分子运动论kinetic theory of gases气体分子运动论的基本方程 foundamental equation of kinetic theory of gases 气溶胶 aerosol气相线vapor line迁徙数transport number潜热latent heat强胸怀intensive quantity强度性质intensive property亲液溶胶hydrophilic sol氢电极hydrogen electrodes地区融化zone melting热 heat热爆炸heat explosion热泵heat pump热功当量mechanical equivalent of heat热函heat content第 9 页物理学英语专业词汇表热化学thermochemistry热化学方程thermochemical equation热机heat engine热机效率efficiency of heat engine热力学thermodynamics热力学第二定律 the second law of thermodynamics热力学第三定律 the third law of thermodynamics 热力学第必定律 the first law of thermodynamics热力学基本方程 fundamental equation of thermodynamics 热力学几率 thermodynamic probability热力学能thermodynamic energy热力学特征函数 characteristic thermodynamic function热力学温标 thermodynamic scale of temperature热力学温度thermodynamic temperature热熵thermal entropy热效应heat effect熔点曲线melting point curve融化热heat of fusion溶胶colloidal sol溶解焓dissolution enthalpy溶液solution溶胀swelling乳化剂emulsifier乳状液emulsion湿润wetting湿润角wetting angle萨克尔-泰特洛德方程Sackur-Tetrode equation三相点triple point三相均衡线triple-phase line熵 entropy熵判据entropy criterion熵增原理principle of entropy increase浸透压osmotic pressure渗析法dialytic process生成反响formation reaction升华热heat of sublimation实质气体 real gas舒尔采-哈迪规则Schulze-Hardy rule松驰力relaxation force松驰时间time of relaxation速度常数reaction rate constant速率方程rate equations速率控制步骤rate determining step塔费尔公式Tafel equation态-态反响 state-state reactions唐南均衡Donnan equilibrium淌度mobility特鲁顿规则Trouton rule特征粘度intrinsic viscosity体积功volume work统计权重statistical weight统计热力学statistic thermodynamics统计熵statistic entropy门路pathpath function门路函数外扩散控制external diffusion control第10 页物理学英语专业词汇表完满晶体perfect crystalline完整气体 perfect gas微观状态microstate微态microstate韦斯顿标准电池Weston standard battery维恩效应Wien effect维里方程virial equation维里系数virial coefficient稳流过程steady flow process稳态近似法stationary state approximation无热溶液athermal solution无穷稀溶液 solutions in the limit of extreme dilution物理化学 Physical Chemistry物理吸附physisorptions吸附adsorption吸附等量线adsorption isostere吸附等温线adsorption isotherm吸附等压线adsorption isobar吸附剂adsorbent吸附量extent of adsorption吸附热heat of adsorption吸附质adsorbate析出电势evolution or deposition potential析因子性质 property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state稀溶液的依数性 colligative properties of dilute solutions稀释焓 dilution enthalpy系统system系统点system point系统的环境environment of system相 phase相变phase change相变焓enthalpy of phase change相变化phase change相变热heat of phase change相点phase point相对挥发度relative volatility相对粘度 relative viscosity相律phase rule相均衡热容heat capacity in phase equilibrium相图phase diagram相倚子系统system of dependent particles悬浮液suspension循环过程cyclic process压力商pressure quotient压缩因子compressibility factor压缩因子图diagram of compressibility factor亚稳状态metastable state盐桥salt bridge盐析salting out阳极anode杨氏方程Young’s equation液体接界电势liquid junction potential液相线liquid phase lines一级反响first order reaction一级相变first order phase change第11 页物理学英语专业词汇表依时计量学反响time dependent stoichiometric reactions逸度fugacity逸度系数coefficient of fugacity阴极cathode荧光fluorescence永动机perpetual motion machine永远气体Permanent gas有效能available energy原电池primary cell原盐效应salt effect增比粘度specific viscosity憎液溶胶lyophobic sol沾湿adhesional wetting沾湿功the work of adhesional wetting真溶液true solution真切电解质real electrolyte真切气体 real gas真切迁徙数true transference number振动配分函数partition function of vibration振动特点温度 characteristic temperature of vibration蒸气压降落 depression of vapor pressure 正常沸点normal point正吸附positive adsorption支链反响branched chain reactions直链反响straight chain reactions指前因子pre-exponential factor质量作用定律mass action law制冷系数coefficient of refrigeration中和热heat of neutralization轴功shaft work转动配分函数partition function of rotation转动特点温度 characteristic temperature of vibration转变率 convert ratio转变温度conversion temperature状态state状态方程state equation状态散布state distribution状态函数state function准静态过程quasi-static process准一级反响pseudo first order reaction自动催化作用auto-catalysis自由度degree of freedom自由度数number of degree of freedom自由焓free enthalpy自由能free energy自由膨胀free expansion组分数component number最低恒沸点lower azeotropic point最高恒沸点upper azeotropic point最正确反响温度optimal reaction temperature最可几散布most probable distribution最可几速率 most propable speed第12 页。

物理中英文词汇翻译

物理中英文词汇翻译

物理词汇Aa.c. generator 交流发电机aberration 光行差,像差absolute index of refraction 绝对折射率absolute refractive index 绝对折射率absolute temperature scale 绝对温标absolute zero 绝对零度absorber 吸收体absorbing power 吸收能力,吸收本领absorptance 吸收比absorption 吸收absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption line 吸收谱线absorption spectrum 吸收光谱,吸收谱accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力加速度acceleration-time graph 加速度—时间关系线图accelerator 加速器acceptor 接受体acceptor doping 受体掺杂acceptor impurity 受体杂质accommodation 调节,视觉调节accumulator 蓄电池accuracy 准确度acetate strip 醋酸酯条片achromatic 消色差的achromatic aberration 消色差achromatic condenser 消色差聚光透镜achromatic light 消色差光,白光acoustic blur 声响模糊acoustic board 吸音板,吸声板acoustic navigation 声响导航acoustic pressure 声压acoustics 声学act on 施于action 作用量,作用,作用力action of point 尖端作用activation 激活,活化activation energy 激活能,活化能active nucleus 活性核,放射性核activity 放射强度,放射性adapter 接合器adder 加法器adhesion 附着力,附着,黏附adhesive force 附着力adiabatic 绝热的adiabatic expansion 绝热膨胀adiabatic process 绝热过程aerial 天线aerial induction 天线调谐电感aerial network 天线网络aerodynamic force 气动力,空气动力aerodynamics 气体动力学,空气动力学aerofoil 机翼agent 剂air blower 吹风器air column 空气柱,气柱air cushion 气垫air damping 空气阻尼air film 气膜air track 气垫导航air wedge 气楔alignment 对准,校整alpha decay α衰变alpha particle α粒子alpha particle scattering analogue α粒子放射模拟alternating current 交流电alternating voltage 交变电压,交流电压alternator 交流发电机altimeter 高度计,测高仪americiumammeter 安培计amorphous 非结晶的,无定形的ampere 安培,安ampere-hour 安培小时,安时amplification 放大,放大率amplifier 放大器amplify 放大amplitude 振幅amplitude modulation 调幅,振幅调剂amyl acetate 醋酸戊酯anaemia 贫血analogue 模拟analogue experiment 模拟实验analogue signal 仿真讯号,非数字讯号analogue-to-digital conversion 模拟转换analyser 检偏振器AND gate 「与」门anemometer 风速计aneroid barometer 无液气压计,空盒气压计angle of contact 接触角angle of deviation 偏向角angle of diffraction 衍射角,绕射角angle of dip 倾角angle of elevation 仰角angle of emergence 出射角angle of incidence 入射角angle of inclination 倾角angle of minimum deviation 最小偏向角angle of projection 投射角angle of reflection 反射角angle of refraction 折射角angle of twist 扭转角angstrom 埃angular acceleration 角加速度angular aperture 孔径张角angular displacement 角位移angular frequency 角频率angular impulse 角冲量angular magnification 角度放大,角放大率angular momentum 角动量,动量矩angular motion 角向运动,角运动angular seed 角速率angular velocity 角速度angular width 角宽度annealing 退火,韧化anode 阳极,正极anomalous expansion 反常膨胀antenna 天线anticlockwise moment 逆时针力矩antifreeze 防冻剂antinodal line 腹线antinode 波腹antiparticle 反粒子antiphase 反相,逆相aperture 孔径,口径,孔apparent depth 视深apparent expansion 表观膨胀,视膨胀apparent frequency 表观频率,视频率apparent loss in weight 表观失重apparent weight 表观重量Appleton layer 阿普顿层,F电离层aqueous layer 水层Archimedes´ principle 阿基米得原理area 面积argon 氩armature 电枢artificial disintegration 人工蜕变artificial radioactivity 人工放射astable 非稳态的astable circuit 非稳态电路astable multivibrator 非态多谐振荡器astigmatism 像散,散光astronomical telescope 天文望远镜at infinity 在无穷远处at rest 静止atmosphere 大气,大气层,大气压atmospheric pressure 大气压强atom 原子atomic bomb 原子弹atomic bond 原子键atomic density 原子密度atomic diameter 原子直径atomic energy 原子能atomic mass 原子质量atomic mass unit 原子质量单位atomic model 原子模型atomic nucleus 原子核atomic number 原子序数atomic radius 原子半径atomic separation 原子间距atomic spacing 原子间距atomic structure 原子结构atomic theory 原子论atomizer 喷雾器attenuation 衰减attraction 吸引attractive force 吸力audible frequency range 听频范围audible signal 可听讯号audio frequency 声频autofocus 自动聚焦,自动对焦avalanche 电子雪崩average acceleration 平均加速度average power 平均功率average speed 平均速率average velocity 平均速度Avogadro constant 阿佛加德罗常数,阿佛加德罗常量Avogadro number 阿佛加德罗数Avogadro´s law 阿佛加德罗定律axial 轴向的,沿轴的axial field 轴向场axial search coil 轴向探察线图axis 轴axis of rotation 转轴Bback e.m.f. 反电动势background radiation 本底辐射Bainbridge mass spectrometer 班布里奇质谱仪balance 天平,秤,平衡balance arm 秤杆,平衡臂balance point 平衡点balance bridge 平衡电桥balanced force 平衡力ball bearing 球轴承,滚珠轴承ballistic galvanometer 冲击电流计,冲击检流计ballistic pendulum 冲击摆Balmer series 巴耳末系,巴耳末光谱band spectrum 带状光谱,带状谱bandwidth 带宽bar code 条形码bar magnet 磁棒bare wire 裸线barium 钡barometer 气压计barrier 障碍物barrier layer 阻档层,耗尽层barrier potential difference 阻档层电势差,阻档层电位差Barton´s pendulums 巴尔通摆base 基极base current 基极电流battery 电池组battery charger 电池充电器battery holder 电池座beaker 烧杯beam splitter 分束器,射束分离器beat 拍beat frequency 拍频becquerel 贝克勒耳,贝克bel 贝尔,贝bell jar 钟形罩bench mat 实验台垫Bernoulli´s theorem 伯努利定律beryllium 铍beta decay β衰变beta particle β粒子biasing circuit 偏压电路biasing voltage 偏压biconcave lens 双凹透镜biconvex lens 双凸透镜bicycle dynamo 自行车发电机,脚踏车发电机bifilar pendulum 双线摆bifocal lens 双焦距透镜big bang model 大爆炸模型bimetallic strip 双层金属片,双金属片binary adder 二进加法器binary system 二进制binding 结合binding energy 结合能binoculars 双筒望远镜Biot-Savart law 毕奥—萨伐尔定律bipolar 双极的birefraction 双折射bistable 双稳态的,双稳器bistable circuit 双稳电路bistable multivibrator 双稳态多谐振荡器bit 二进制制,位black body radiation 黑体辐射block and tackle 滑轮组block diagram 方框图blocking capacitor 隔直流电器容blooming 敷霜,表面加膜Bohr atom 玻尔原子Bohr radius 玻尔半径Bohr theory 玻尔理论boil 沸腾,煮沸boiler 锅炉boiling point 沸点bolometer 辐射热计Boltzmann constant 玻耳兹曼常数,玻耳兹曼常量bombardment 轰击bond energy 键能bonding 键合Bourdon gauge 布尔登气压计bow wave 弓形波,舷波Boyle´s law 博伊尔定律Brackett series 布喇开系,布喇开光谱Bragg angle 布喇格角Bragg diffraction 布喇格衍射,布喇格绕射Bragg plane 布喇格平面Bragg´s law 布喇格定律brake 制动器breakdown potential 击穿电势,击穿电位breaking point 断点breaking strength 抗断强度breaking stress 致断应力breeder reactor 增殖反应堆bremsstrahlung 轫致辐射Brewster´s law 布鲁斯特定律bridge circuit 桥式电路bridge rectifier 桥式整流器bright fringe 亮纹brightness 亮度brittle 脆的,易碎的bromine 溴Brownian movement 布朗运动brush 电刷bubble chamber 气泡室bubble raft model 泡筏模型buffer 缓冲器buffer circuit 缓冲电路bulk modulus 体积弹性模量Bunsen burner 本生灯buoyancy 浮力burette 滴定管burette stand 滴定管架burglar alarm 防盗警报器,防盗警钟buzzer 蜂鸣器by-pass 旁路byte 二进制组,字节Ccable 电缆cadmium sulphide 硫化镉caesium 铯calcite 方解石calibrate 校准,标上刻度calipers 测径器,卡钳calorie 卡路里,卡calorimeter 量热器camera 照相机cancer cell 癌细胞candela 坎德拉cantilever 悬臂capacitance 电容capacitance substitution box 换值电容箱capacitive circuit 电容电路capacitive component 电容性分量capacitive coupling 电容耦合capacitive discharge 电容性放电capacitive reactance 容抗capacitor 电容器capacitor-input filter 电容输入滤波器capacity 容量,载量capillarity 毛细现象,毛细作用capillary depression 毛细下降capillary rise 毛细上升capillary tube 毛细管capsule 囊capture 俘获carbon 碳carbon granule 碳颗粒carbon paper disc 圆形碳纸carbon-14 dating 碳14年代测定法carburettor 化油器,汽化器carrier wave 载波carry 进位castor oil 蓖麻油cataract 白内障cathode 阴极,负极cathode ray 阴极射线cathode ray deflection tube 阴极射线偏转管cathode-ray oscilloscope 阴极射线示波器,示波器cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管cavity resonator 空腔共振器celestial telescope 天体望远镜cell 电池,细胞Celsius temperature scale 摄氏温标centimetre 厘米centralized low voltage power supply unit 中央控制低压电源箱centre of curvature 曲率中心centre of gravity 重心centre of mass 质心centre of oscillation 振荡中心centre-tapped transformer 中心抽头变压器centrifugal force 离心力centrifuge 离心机centripetal acceleration 向心加速度centripetal force 向心力Chadwick 查德威克chain reaction 连锁反应change of state 物态变化change-over switch 换向开关characteristic 特性,特征characteristic curve 特性曲线characteristic line 特征线,特征谱characteristic spectrum 特征光谱,特征谱charge 电荷,充电,起电charge carrier 载荷子charge conservation 电荷守恒charge density 电荷密度charge distribution 电荷分布charge to mass ratio 荷质比charged particle 带电粒子charging by contact 接触起电charging by friction 摩擦生电charging by induction 感应起电charging by sharing 授受起电charging time constant 充电时间常数,充电时间常量Charles´s law 查理定律choke 扼流,抗流,扼流圈,抗流圈choke circuit 扼流电路,抗流电路chromatic aberration 色差chromatic dispersion 色散cinefilm soundtrack 电影胶片声迹circle of least confusion 最少模糊圈,明晰圈circuit 电路circuit board 电路板circuit breaker 断路器circuit symbol 电路符号circular coil 环形线圈circular motion 圆周运动circular orbit 圆周轨道circular pulse 圆形脉冲circular wave 圆形波circular wavefront 圆形波阵面,圆形波前clamp 夹钳,夹紧clap-echo method 「拍掌—回声」法cleave 裂开clinical thermometer 体温计clip 夹子clockwise moment 顺时针力矩closed circuit 闭合电路closed pipe 闭管closed tube 闭管closed-loop control system 死循环控制系统closed-loop gain 死循环增益closed-loop voltage gain 死循环电压增益closely packed 密堆积的cloud chamber 云室cloud chamber track 云室径迹coaxial 共轴,同轴coaxial cable 同轴电缆,同轴cobalt 钴code 编码coder 编码器coefficient of dynamic friction 动摩擦系数coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of restitution 恢复系数coefficient of static friction 静摩擦系数coefficient of viscosity 黏滞系数coherent 相干的cohesion 内聚力,内聚cohesive force 内聚力coil 线圈collector 集电极,集极collector current 集电极电流,集极电流collimator 准直管,准直仪collision 碰撞colour 颜色colour code 色码,色标combinational logic 组合逻辑common emitter 共发射极common-mode voltage 共模电压commutator 换向器compass 指南针,罗盘complete circuit 完整电路component 组件,分量,组分component of force 分力compound microscope 复式显微镜compound pendulum 复摆compressed gas 压缩气体compressibility 可压缩性,压缩系数,压缩率compressible fluid 可压缩性流体compression 密部,压缩compression spring balance 压缩弹簧天平concave 凹concave lens 凹透镜concave mirror 凹镜,凹面镜concentric capacitor 同心电容器condensation 凝结,凝聚condensation nucleus 凝结核,凝聚核condensation point 凝点,凝结点condenser 聚光器,电容器,冷凝器conductance 电导conductivity 传导性,传导率conductor 导体conical pendulum 锥摆conjugate foci 共轭焦点conservation of angular momentum 角动量守恒conversation of charge 电荷守恒conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of mechanical energy 机械能守恒conservation of momentum 动量守恒conservative force 守恒力,保守力conserved 守恒constant acceleration 恒加速度constant angular acceleration 恒角加速度constant angular velocity 恒角速度constant force 恒力constant motion 恒速运动constant pressure 定压constant speed 恒速率constant temperature 定温constant velocity 恒速度constant volume 定容constant volume gas thermometer 定容气体温度计constantan 康铜constriction 颈缩constructive interference 相长干涉contact angle 接触角contact area 接触面积contact force 接触力continuity equation 连续性方程continuous spectrum 连续光谱,连续谱continuous wave 连续波contract 收缩control experiment 对照实验,比对实验control grid 控制栅极control rod 控制棒control system 控制系统convection 对流converge 会聚converging lens 会聚透镜converging mirror 会聚镜convex 凸convex lens 凸透镜convex mirror 凸镜,凸面镜coolant 冷却剂cooling by evaporation 蒸发致冷cooling correction 冷却修正cooling curve 冷却曲线cooling effect 冷却效应cooling system 冷却系统,散热系统coplanar forces 共面力core 心,核心Coriolis force 科里奥利力corkscrew rule 螺旋法则cornea 角膜corona discharge 电晕放电corpuscular theory of light 光的微粒学说correction 矫正,修正cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射coulomb 库伦Coulomb´s law 库伦定律count rate 计数率counter 计数器counter weight 平衡锤,配重couple 力偶coupled oscillation 耦合振荡coupling 耦合covalent bond 共价键crane magnet 起重磁铁creep 蠕变crest 波峰critical angle 临界角critical damping 临界阻尼critical mass 临界质量critical point 临界点critical temperature 临界温度critical velocity 临界速度crocodile clip 鳄鱼夹cross hairs 十字丝,叉丝cross-sectional area 截面积Crova´s disc 克罗瓦盘crystal 晶体crystal diffraction 晶体衍射,晶体绕射crystal lattice 晶体点阵,晶体格子,晶格crystal planes 晶面crystalline 结晶的crystallization 结晶crystallography 晶体学cubical expansivity 体积膨胀系数,体积膨胀率curie 居里current 电流current amplification 电流放大current amplification factor 电流放大因素current amplifier 电流放大器current balance 电流天平current density 电流密度current gain 电流增益current intensity 电流强度current pulse 电流脉冲current sensitivity 电流灵敏度current stabilizer 稳流器current transfer characteristic 电流转移特性current-carrying conductor 载电流导体current-voltage characteristic curve 电流—电压特性曲线 curved mirror 曲面镜cyclotron 回旋加速器cylindrical concave lens 柱面凹透镜cylindrical concave mirror 柱面凹镜cylindrical convex lens 柱面凸透镜cylindrical convex mirror 柱面凸镜cylindrical lens 柱面透镜cylindrical mirror 柱面镜Dd.c. generator 直流发电机d.c. motor 直流电动机Dalton´s law of partial pressures 道尔顿分压定律damped harmonic motion 阻尼谐动damped harmonic oscillation 阻尼谐振damped oscillation 阻尼振荡damping 阻尼damping force 阻尼力dark fringe 暗纹data 数据dating 年代测定daughter nucleus 子核daughter nuclide 子核素de Broglie relation 德布罗意关系式de Broglie wave 德布罗意波dead time 失效时间decade capacitance box 十进电容箱decade resistance box 十进电阻箱decay 衰变decay analogue 衰变模拟decay constant 衰变常数,衰变常量decay curve 衰变曲线decay law 衰变定律decay product 衰变产物decelerate 减速deceleration 减速度decibel 分贝decode 译码,解碼decoder 译码器,译码器deflection 偏转deflection plate 偏转板deflection system 偏转系统deflection tube 偏转管deformation 形变degradation of energy 能量退降,能量递降degree 度degree Celsius 摄氏度degree of freedom 自由度demagnetization 去磁,退磁demonstration diode 演示用二极管demonstration meter 演示用电表density 密度depletion layer 耗尽层,阻挡层depth of field 景深derived quantity 导出量derived unit 导出单位destructive interference 相消干涉detection 探测detector 探测器detector of radiation 辐射探测器deuterium 氘,重氢deuteron 氘核,重氢核deviation 偏向,偏差device 装置,设计,器件diamagnetism 抗磁性diaphragm 光阑,膜片diatomic molecule 双原子分子dielectric 电介质,介电的dielectric constant 介电常数,介电常量,电容率dielectric polarization 电介质极化dielectric strength 电介质强度differential equation 微分方程differential input voltage 差动输入电压diffracted ray 衍射线,绕射线diffraction 衍射,绕射diffraction grating 衍射光栅,绕射光栅diffuse reflection 漫反射diffusion 扩散,漫射diffusion cloud chamber 扩散云室digital 数字的digital display 数字显示digital signal 数字讯号digital-to-analogue conversion 数模转换dimension 量纲,因次,维,大小dimensional analysis 量纲分析,因次分析diminished 缩小diode 二极管diode probe 二极管微波探测器dioptre 屈光度,焦度dipole 偶极子direct current 直流电direction 方向,方位direction of propagation 传播方向directly heated cathode 直热式阴极discharge 放电disintegration 蜕变dislocation 位错dispersion 色散dispersive power 色散能力,色散本领,色散率displacement 位移,排量displacement can 排水罐displacement-time graph 位移—时间关系线图dissipative force 耗散力distance 距离distance-time graph 距离—时间关系线图distortion 失真,扭曲,畸变disturbance 干扰diverge 发散diverging lens 发散透镜diverging mirror 发散镜division of amplitude 振幅分割division of wavefront 波阵面分割,波前分割domain 畴,域domestic circuit 家居电路donor 给予体doped semiconductor 掺杂半导体doping 掺杂Doppler broadening 多普勒谱线增宽Doppler effect 多普勒效应Doppler shift 多普勒频移dosage 剂量dose 剂量dose rate 剂量率double pulley 双滑轮double refraction 双折射double slit 双缝double-pole-double-throw switch 双刀双掷开关doublet 双重线drag force 阻力,曳力drift velocity 漂移速度driver circuit 驱动电路driver frequency 驱动频率driving cell 驱动电池driving force 驱动力driving mirror 行车后视镜dry battery 干电池组dry cell 干电池dual trace oscilloscope 双迹示波器ductile 延性的Dulong-Petit law 杜隆—珀替定律dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡dynamic friction 动摩擦dynamic resistance 动态电阻dynamics 动力学dynamo 发电机Eearth 接地,地线earthquake waves 地震波ebonite 硬橡胶,硬质胶ebonite rod 硬橡胶棒,硬质胶棒echo 回声,回波eddy current 涡电流,涡流eddy current damping 涡流阻尼eddy current loss 涡流损耗effective mass 有效质量efficiency 效率effort 施力Einstein´s mass-energy relation 爱因斯坦质能关系式elastic collision 弹性碰撞elastic constant 弹性常数,弹性常量elastic deformation 弹性形变elastic hysteresis 弹性滞后elastic limit 弹性极限elastic strain energy 弹性应变能elasticity 弹性electric bell 电铃electric charge 电荷electric current 电流electric field 电场electric field intensity 电场强度electric field pattern 电场图形electric fire 电暖炉electric line of force 电力线electric motor 电动机electric potential 电势,电位electric power 电功率electric shock 电震electrical appliance 电器electrical conductivity 导电率electrical energy 电能electrical oscillation 电振荡electrical potential energy 电势能,电位能electrical resonance 电共振electricity 电,电学electrode 电极electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质electrolytic 电解质的,电解的electrolytic capacitor 电解质电容器electromagnet 电磁铁,电磁体electromagnetic coil 电磁感应圈electromagnetic contact 电磁触点electromagnetic force 电磁力electromagnetic induction 电磁感应electromagnetic moment 电磁矩electromagnetic oscillation 电磁振荡electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射electromagnetic spectrum 电磁波谱electromagnetic wave 电磁波electromagnetism 电磁学electrometer 静电计electromotive force 电动势electron 电子electron beam 电子束electron cloud 电子云electron diffraction 电子衍射,电子绕射electron drift 电子漂移electron energy level 电子能级electron gun 电子枪electron transition 电子跃迁electron tube 电子管electron-volt 电子伏特,电子伏electronics 电子学electrophorus 起电盘electroscope 验电器electrostatic bond 静电键electrostatic field apparatus 静电场仪器electrostatic precipitation 静电沉淀法electrostatics 静电学element 元素,组件elliptic orbit 椭圆轨道elongation 伸长度emergent ray 出射线emission 发射emission line 发射谱线emission spectrum 发射光谱,发射谱emissivity 发射率,比辐射率emit 发射emitter 发射极,射极emitter current 发射极电流,射极电流enamelled wire 漆包线encode 编码encoder 编码器end-correction 端部修正,管口校正量end-on collision 同向碰撞,尾追碰撞energetic particle 高能粒子energy 能量,能energy band 能带energy conversion 能量转换energy conversion efficiency 能量转换效率energy input 能量输入energy level 能级energy output 能量输出energy transfer 能量转移enriched uranium 浓缩铀equation of continuity 连续性方程equation of state 物态方程equation of uniformly accelerated motion 匀加速运动方程equatorial orbit 赤道轨道equilibrium 平衡equilibrium condition 平衡条件equilibrium spacing 平衡间距equipartition of energy 能量均分equipotential 等势的,等位的equipotential line 等势线,等位线 equipotential surface 等势面,等位面equivalent capacitance 等效电容equivalent inductance 等效电感equivalent resistance 等效电阻erect 正立escape velocity 逃逸速度ether 以太,醚evacuation 抽成真空evaporation 蒸发excess pressure 超压,逾电压excitation 激发excitation energy 激发能excitation potential 激发电势,激发电位excitation voltage 激发电压excited 受激excited energy level 受激能级excited state 受激态expansion 膨胀expansivity 膨胀系数,膨胀率exponential change 指数式改变exponential decay 指数式衰变exposure 曝光量,照射extension 伸长external force 外力external work 外功extra high tension 超高电压extra-nuclear structure 核外结构extraordinary ray 非常光线 extrapolation 外推,外推法extrinsic semiconductor 含杂质半导体eyepiece 接目镜,目镜Ff-number f数,光圈数f-stop f制光圈far point 远点farad 法拉Faraday constant 法拉第常数,法拉第常量Faraday´s law of electromagnetic induction 法拉第电磁感应定律fast breeder reactor 快中子增殖反应堆feedback 反馈feedback amplifier 反馈放大器feedback resistance 反馈电阻ferromagnetic substance 铁磁性物质ferromagnetism 铁磁性fictitious force 假力,伪力fidelity 保真性,保真度field coil 场线圈field effect transistor 场效应晶体管field intensity 场强field lines 场力线field magnet 场磁铁,场磁体field of view 视场,视野field strength 场强figure of merit 优值,灵敏值filament 灯丝,丝极filter capacitor 滤波电容器filter circuit 滤波电路filter pump 滤泵final state 终态,末态final velocity 末速度fine-adjustment 微调,细调fire alarm 火警警报器,火警钟first law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律first order spectrum 第一级光谱,第一级谱fission 裂变fission reactor 裂变反应堆fixed point 定点fixed pulley 定滑轮fixed resistor 定值电阻器flat coil 扁平线圈flat solenoid 扁平螺线管flat-bottomed flask 平底烧瓶Fleming´s left hand rule 弗林明左手定则Fleming´s right hand rule 弗林明右手定则floating body 浮体fluid 流体fluid dynamics 流体动力学fluorescence 荧光fluorescent screen 荧光屏,荧光幕flux 通量flux density 通量密度fly-back 回扫flywheel 飞轮focal length 焦距focal plane 焦平面focus 焦点,聚焦,对焦focus control 聚焦控制follower circuit 跟随电路foot pump 脚踏泵force 力force constant 力常数,力常量force polygon 力多边形force resolution 力的分解force triangle 力三角形force-extension curve 施力—伸长关系曲线 forced oscillation 受迫振荡former 框forward biased 正向偏压forward current 正向电流fossil fuel 化石燃料Foucault´s rotating mirror method 傅科旋转镜法frame of reference 参考坐标系,参考系Franck-Hertz experiment 弗兰克—赫兹实验Fraunhofer diffraction 夫琅和费衍射,夫琅和费绕射Fraunhofer lines 夫琅和费谱线free electron 自由电子free fall 自由下坠,自由下落free falling body 自由落体free oscillation 自由振荡free path 自由程free space 自由空间freeze 凝固freezing point 凝固点freon 氟利昂,二氯二氟甲烷frequency 频率frequency modulation 调频,频率调制frequency response 频率响应Fresnel diffraction 菲涅耳衍射,菲涅耳绕射Fresnel´s biprism 菲涅耳双棱镜friction 摩擦,摩擦力friction compensated 补偿摩擦作用frictionless motion 无摩擦运动fringe 条纹fringe pattern 条纹图形fuel rod 燃料棒fulcrum 支点full adder 全加法器full-scale deflection 满标偏转full-wave rectification 全波整流full-wave rectifier 全波整流器fundamental frequency 基频fundamental mode of vibration 基谐振动模式fundamental note 基音fundamental quantity 基本量fundamental unit 基本单位fuse 保险丝fuse rating 保险丝额定值fusion 熔解,聚变fusion point 熔点fusion reactor 聚变反应堆GG - clamp G-形钳gain 增益gain control 增益控制galaxy 星系Galilean telescope 伽利略望远镜Galileo´s thought experiment 伽利略假想实验galvanometer 电流计,检流计gamma radiation 伽玛辐射gamma ray 伽玛射线gap 隙gas 气,气体gas pressure 气体强压,气压gaseous phase 气相gaseous state 气态gauge 规,计Gauss theorem 高斯定理Geiger counter 盖革计数器Geiger-Marsden scattering experiment 盖革—马斯登散射实验Geiger-Muller counter 盖革—弥勒计数器Geiger-Muller tube 盖革—弥勒管general gas equation 普适气体方程general gas law 普适气体定律generator 发电机genetic effect 遗传效应geometrical optics 几何光学germanium 锗ghost effect 迭影效应glancing angle 掠射角glass fibre 玻璃纤维glycerine 甘油gold foil 金箔fold leaf electroscope 金箔验电器gradient 斜率,梯度graduated cylinder 量筒Graham´s law of diffusion 格拉哈姆散定律grain 粒,晶粒gramophone record 唱片,唱碟graph 图,线图,图表graphical method 图解法grating 光栅grating spectrometer 光栅光谱仪,光栅分光计gravitational acceleration 重力加速度gravitational attraction 引力,重力gravitational constant 引力常数,引力常量gravitational field 引力场,重力场gravitational force 引力,重力gravitational mass 引力质量gravitational potential 引力势,重力势gravitational potential difference 引力势差,重力势差gravitational potential energy 引力势能,重力势能gravity 重力grazing incidence 掠入射,切入射greenhouse effect 温室效应grid 栅极grid control 栅极控制grid system 电力网groove 纹道,针槽,开槽ground 接地ground state 基态guinea and feather experiment 「硬币与羽毛」实验Hhair spring 游丝half adder 半加法器half-life 半衰期half-silvered mirror 半镀银镜half-wave rectification 半波整流half-wave rectifier 半波整流器Hall effect 霍耳效应Hall probe 霍耳探测器Hall voltage 霍耳电压hand stroboscope 手动式频闪观测器harmonic 谐音harmonic motion 谐运动harmonic oscillation 谐振荡head-on collision 对正碰撞,正碰heat 热,热量,加热,热学heat absorbent 吸热剂heat absorber 吸热器heat absorption 吸热,热吸收heat capacity 热容量heat conduction 热传导heat exchange 热交换heat flow 热流heat gain 热增益,得热heat insulation 热绝缘,隔热heat loss 热损耗,失热heat proof 耐热的,隔热的heat pump 热泵heat radiation 热辐射heat reservoir 热库,储热器heat sink 热壑heat transfer 热传递,热转移heater 发热器,加热器heating effect 热效应heating element 发热组件Helmholtz coils 亥姆霍兹线圈henry 亨利,亨hertz 赫兹,赫high dispersion prism 高色散棱镜high tension 高电压hole 空穴,空子hollow plastic lens 空心塑料透镜hollow plastic prism 空心塑料棱镜hologram 全息图holography 全息术,全息学Hooke´s law 虎克定律horizontal 水平horizontal component 水平分量horizontal deflection 水平偏转horseshoe magnet 蹄形磁铁hot cathode 热阴极hour 小时Huygens´ principle 惠更斯原理hydraulic press 水压机hydroelectric power 水力发电hydrogen bomb 氢弹hygrometer 湿度计hyperbolic orbit 双曲线轨道hypodermic needle 皮下注射针头hypodermic syringe 皮下注射针筒hypothesis 假说,假设hysteresis 滞后现象Iideal gas 理想气体ideal gas equation 理想气体方程ideal gas temperature scale 理想气体温标ideal machine 理想机械illuminate 照明,照亮image 像image distance 像距immerse 浸没immersion heater 浸没式电热器impact 碰撞impedance 阻抗impulse 冲量impurity 杂质in focus 焦点对准in parallel 并联in phase 同相in series 串联incident ray 入射线incident wavefront 入射波阵面,入射波前inclined plane 斜面incoherent 不相干的incompressible fluid 非压缩性流体indicator 指示器indirectly heated cathode 旁热式阴极induced charge 感生电荷induced current 感生电流induced e.m.f. 感生电动势induced voltage 感生电压inducing charge 施感电荷inducing current 施感电流inductance 电感inductance capacitance coupled circuit 感容耦合电路inductance coil 电感线圈induction 感应induction heating 感应生热inductive circuit 电感电路inductive component 电感性分量inductive reactance 感抗inductor 电感器,感应器inelastic collision 非弹性碰撞inert gas 惰性气体inertia 惯性,惯量inertia balance 惯性秤inertial frame 惯性坐标系,惯性系inertial mass 惯性质量infra-red detector 红外线探测器infra-red radiation 红外辐射infra-red ray 红外线initial state 初态initial velocity 初速度input 输入input bias current 输入偏压电流input characteristic 输入特性input current 输入电流input offset current 输入补偿电流input power 输入功率input resistance 输入电阻input voltage 输入电压input-output voltage characteristic 输入—输出电压特性instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度instantaneous angular velocity 瞬时角速度instantaneous current 瞬时电流instantaneous power 瞬时功率instantaneous speed 瞬时速率instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度instantaneous voltage 瞬时电压insulation 绝缘insulator 绝缘体integrated circuit 集成电路intensity 强度intensity control 强度控制intensity of current 电流强度interaction 相互作用interatomic force 原子间力interatomic potential 原子间势,原子间位interatomic separation 原子间距intercept 截距,截段interconversion 互换interference 干涉interference pattern 干涉图形internal energy 内能internal force 内力internal resistance 内电阻internal work 内功international system of units 国际单位制,公制,十进制interval 间隔intrinsic semiconductor 纯半导体,本征半导体inverse-square law 平方反比定律inverted 倒立的inverter 反相器,倒换器inverting input 反相输入ion 离子ion-pair 离子偶,离子对ionic bond 离子键ionic structure 离子结构ionization 电离作用ionization chamber 电离室ionization current 电离电流ionization energy 电离能ionization potential 电离电势,电离电位ionization voltage 电离电压ionize 电离ionized atom 离子ionized layer 电离层ionizing power 致电离能力,致电离本领ionizing radiation 致电离辐射ionosphere 电离层iris 虹膜,可变光阑iron core 铁心iron filings 铁粉irreversible process 不可逆过程isobar 等压线,同质异序素isobaric expansion 等压膨胀isobaric process 等压过程isochronous oscillation 等时振荡isotherm 等温线isothermal process 等温过程isotope 同位素isovolumetric process 等容过程JJaegers method 耶格法jet propulsion 喷气推进jockey 滑动触头joule 焦耳joulemeter 焦耳计junction 连接,接头junction diode 面结型二极管junction transistor 面结型晶体管KKaleidoscope 万花筒Kelvin 开尔文,开Kelvin temperature scale 开氏温标Kepler´s law 开普勒定律key 电键kilogram 千克kilowatt 千瓦特,千瓦kilowatt-hour 千瓦小时,千瓦时kilowatt-hour meter 电表,千瓦时计kinematics 运动学kinetic energy 动能kinetic friction 动摩擦kinetic theory 分子运动论kinetic theory model 分子运动模型kinetic theory of gases 气体分子运动论Kirchhoff´s law 基尔霍夫定律kit 套件knife-edge 刃形支承,刀刃,刀边kryton 氪Kundt´s tube 孔脱管Llagging 保温套laminar flow 层流laminated 分层的,迭片的laser 激光,激光器laser beam 激光束laser material 激光材料latch 闩锁latent heat 潜热lateral 横向,侧向,旁向lateral inversion 横向倒置lateral magnification 横向放大,横向放大率lateral search coil 横向探察线圈lattice 点阵,晶格lattice spacing 点阵间隔,点阵间距law 定律law of conservation of momentum 动量守恒定律law of reflection 反射定律law of refraction 折射定律lead 导线,铅lead-acid accumulator 铅酸蓄电池leakage current 漏泄电流least distance of distinct vision 最小明视距离Leclanche cell 勒克朗谢电池length 长度lens 透镜,晶体,晶状体lens formula 透镜公式。

物理词汇-英汉对照

物理词汇-英汉对照

Aa.c. generator 交流发电机aberration 光行差,像差absolute index of refraction 绝对折射率absolute refractive index 绝对折射率absolute temperature scale 绝对温标absolute zero 绝对零度absorber 吸收体absorbing power 吸收能力,吸收本领absorptance 吸收比absorption 吸收absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption line 吸收谱线absorption spectrum 吸收光谱,吸收谱accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力加速度acceleration-time graph 加速度—时间关系线图accelerator 加速器acceptor 接受体acceptor doping 受体掺杂acceptor impurity 受体杂质accommodation 调节,视觉调节accumulator 蓄电池accuracy 准确度acetate strip 醋酸酯条片achromatic 消色差的achromatic aberration 消色差achromatic condenser 消色差聚光透镜achromatic light 消色差光,白光acoustic blur 声响模糊acoustic board 吸音板,吸声板acoustic navigation 声响导航acoustic pressure 声压acoustics 声学act on 施于action 作用量,作用,作用力action of point 尖端作用activation 激活,活化activation energy 激活能,活化能active nucleus 活性核,放射性核activity 放射强度,放射性adapter 接合器adder 加法器adhesion 附着力,附着,黏附adhesive force 附着力adiabatic 绝热的adiabatic expansion 绝热膨胀adiabatic process 绝热过程aerial 天线aerial induction 天线调谐电感aerial network 天线网络aerodynamic force 气动力,空气动力aerodynamics 气体动力学,空气动力学aerofoil 机翼agent 剂air blower 吹风器air column 空气柱,气柱air cushion 气垫air damping 空气阻尼air film 气膜air track 气垫导航air wedge 气楔alignment 对准,校整alpha decay α衰变alpha particle α粒子alpha particle scattering analogue α粒子放射模拟alternating current 交流电alternating voltage 交变电压,交流电压alternator 交流发电机altimeter 高度计,测高仪americiumammeter 安培计amorphous 非结晶的,无定形的ampere 安培,安ampere-hour 安培小时,安时amplification 放大,放大率amplifier 放大器amplify 放大amplitude 振幅amplitude modulation 调幅,振幅调剂amyl acetate 醋酸戊酯anaemia 贫血analogue 模拟analogue experiment 模拟实验analogue signal 仿真讯号,非数字讯号analogue-to-digital conversion 模拟转换analyser 检偏振器AND gate 「与」门anemometer 风速计aneroid barometer 无液气压计,空盒气压计angle of contact 接触角angle of deviation 偏向角angle of diffraction 衍射角,绕射角angle of dip 倾角angle of elevation 仰角angle of emergence 出射角angle of incidence 入射角angle of inclination 倾角angle of minimum deviation 最小偏向角angle of projection 投射角angle of reflection 反射角angle of refraction 折射角angle of twist 扭转角angstrom 埃angular acceleration 角加速度angular aperture 孔径张角angular displacement 角位移angular frequency 角频率angular impulse 角冲量angular magnification 角度放大,角放大率angular momentum 角动量,动量矩angular motion 角向运动,角运动angular seed 角速率angular velocity 角速度angular width 角宽度annealing 退火,韧化anode 阳极,正极anomalous expansion 反常膨胀antenna 天线anticlockwise moment 逆时针力矩antifreeze 防冻剂antinodal line 腹线antinode 波腹antiparticle 反粒子antiphase 反相,逆相aperture 孔径,口径,孔apparent depth 视深apparent expansion 表观膨胀,视膨胀apparent frequency 表观频率,视频率apparent loss in weight 表观失重apparent weight 表观重量Appleton layer 阿普顿层,F电离层aqueous layer 水层Archimedes' principle 阿基米得原理area 面积argon 氩armature 电枢artificial disintegration 人工蜕变artificial radioactivity 人工放射astable 非稳态的astable circuit 非稳态电路astable multivibrator 非态多谐振荡器astigmatism 像散,散光astronomical telescope 天文望远镜at infinity 在无穷远处at rest 静止atmosphere 大气,大气层,大气压atmospheric pressure 大气压强atom 原子atomic bomb 原子弹atomic bond 原子键atomic density 原子密度atomic diameter 原子直径atomic energy 原子能atomic mass 原子质量atomic mass unit 原子质量单位atomic model 原子模型atomic nucleus 原子核atomic number 原子序数atomic radius 原子半径atomic separation 原子间距atomic spacing 原子间距atomic structure 原子结构atomic theory 原子论atomizer 喷雾器attenuation 衰减attraction 吸引attractive force 吸力audible frequency range 听频范围audible signal 可听讯号audio frequency 声频autofocus 自动聚焦,自动对焦avalanche 电子雪崩average acceleration 平均加速度average power 平均功率average speed 平均速率average velocity 平均速度Avogadro constant 阿佛加德罗常数,阿佛加德罗常量Avogadro number 阿佛加德罗数Avogadro's law 阿佛加德罗定律axial 轴向的,沿轴的axial field 轴向场axial search coil 轴向探察线图axis 轴axis of rotation 转轴Bback e.m.f. 反电动势background radiation 本底辐射Bainbridge mass spectrometer 班布里奇质谱仪balance 天平,秤,平衡balance arm 秤杆,平衡臂balance point 平衡点balance bridge 平衡电桥balanced force 平衡力ball bearing 球轴承,滚珠轴承ballistic galvanometer 冲击电流计,冲击检流计ballistic pendulum 冲击摆Balmer series 巴耳末系,巴耳末光谱band spectrum 带状光谱,带状谱bandwidth 带宽bar code 条形码bar magnet 磁棒bare wire 裸线barium 钡barometer 气压计barrier 障碍物barrier layer 阻档层,耗尽层barrier potential difference 阻档层电势差,阻档层电位差Barton's pendulums 巴尔通摆base 基极base current 基极电流battery 电池组battery charger 电池充电器battery holder 电池座beaker 烧杯beam splitter 分束器,射束分离器beat 拍beat frequency 拍频becquerel 贝克勒耳,贝克bel 贝尔,贝bell jar 钟形罩bench mat 实验台垫Bernoulli's theorem 伯努利定律beryllium 铍beta decay β衰变beta particle β粒子biasing circuit 偏压电路biasing voltage 偏压biconcave lens 双凹透镜biconvex lens 双凸透镜bicycle dynamo 自行车发电机,脚踏车发电机bifilar pendulum 双线摆bifocal lens 双焦距透镜big bang model 大爆炸模型bimetallic strip 双层金属片,双金属片binary adder 二进加法器binary system 二进制binding 结合binding energy 结合能binoculars 双筒望远镜Biot-Savart law 毕奥—萨伐尔定律bipolar 双极的birefraction 双折射bistable 双稳态的,双稳器bistable circuit 双稳电路bistable multivibrator 双稳态多谐振荡器bit 二进制制,位black body radiation 黑体辐射block and tackle 滑轮组block diagram 方框图blocking capacitor 隔直流电器容blooming 敷霜,表面加膜Bohr atom 玻尔原子Bohr radius 玻尔半径Bohr theory 玻尔理论boil 沸腾,煮沸boiler 锅炉boiling point 沸点bolometer 辐射热计Boltzmann constant 玻耳兹曼常数,玻耳兹曼常量bombardment 轰击bond energy 键能bonding 键合Bourdon gauge 布尔登气压计bow wave 弓形波,舷波Boyle's law 博伊尔定律Brackett series 布喇开系,布喇开光谱Bragg angle 布喇格角Bragg diffraction 布喇格衍射,布喇格绕射Bragg plane 布喇格平面Bragg's law 布喇格定律brake 制动器breakdown potential 击穿电势,击穿电位breaking point 断点breaking strength 抗断强度breaking stress 致断应力breeder reactor 增殖反应堆bremsstrahlung 轫致辐射Brewster's law 布鲁斯特定律bridge circuit 桥式电路bridge rectifier 桥式整流器bright fringe 亮纹brightness 亮度brittle 脆的,易碎的bromine 溴Brownian movement 布朗运动brush 电刷bubble chamber 气泡室bubble raft model 泡筏模型buffer 缓冲器buffer circuit 缓冲电路bulk modulus 体积弹性模量Bunsen burner 本生灯buoyancy 浮力burette 滴定管burette stand 滴定管架burglar alarm 防盗警报器,防盗警钟buzzer 蜂鸣器by-pass 旁路byte 二进制组,字节Ccable 电缆cadmium sulphide 硫化镉caesium 铯calcite 方解石calibrate 校准,标上刻度calipers 测径器,卡钳calorie 卡路里,卡calorimeter 量热器camera 照相机cancer cell 癌细胞candela 坎德拉cantilever 悬臂capacitance 电容capacitance substitution box 换值电容箱capacitive circuit 电容电路capacitive component 电容性分量capacitive coupling 电容耦合capacitive discharge 电容性放电capacitive reactance 容抗capacitor 电容器capacitor-input filter 电容输入滤波器capacity 容量,载量capillarity 毛细现象,毛细作用capillary depression 毛细下降capillary rise 毛细上升capillary tube 毛细管capsule 囊capture 俘获carbon 碳carbon granule 碳颗粒carbon paper disc 圆形碳纸carbon-14 dating 碳14年代测定法carburettor 化油器,汽化器carrier wave 载波carry 进位castor oil 蓖麻油cataract 白内障cathode 阴极,负极cathode ray 阴极射线cathode ray deflection tube 阴极射线偏转管cathode-ray oscilloscope 阴极射线示波器,示波器cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管cavity resonator 空腔共振器celestial telescope 天体望远镜cell 电池,细胞Celsius temperature scale 摄氏温标centimetre 厘米centralized low voltage power supply unit 中央控制低压电源箱centre of curvature 曲率中心centre of gravity 重心centre of mass 质心centre of oscillation 振荡中心centre-tapped transformer 中心抽头变压器centrifugal force 离心力centrifuge 离心机centripetal acceleration 向心加速度centripetal force 向心力Chadwick 查德威克chain reaction 连锁反应change of state 物态变化change-over switch 换向开关characteristic 特性,特征characteristic curve 特性曲线characteristic line 特征线,特征谱characteristic spectrum 特征光谱,特征谱charge 电荷,充电,起电charge carrier 载荷子charge conservation 电荷守恒charge density 电荷密度charge distribution 电荷分布charge to mass ratio 荷质比charged particle 带电粒子charging by contact 接触起电charging by friction 摩擦生电charging by induction 感应起电charging by sharing 授受起电charging time constant 充电时间常数,充电时间常量Charles's law 查理定律choke 扼流,抗流,扼流圈,抗流圈choke circuit 扼流电路,抗流电路chromatic aberration 色差chromatic dispersion 色散cinefilm soundtrack 电影胶片声迹circle of least confusion 最少模糊圈,明晰圈circuit 电路circuit board 电路板circuit breaker 断路器circuit symbol 电路符号circular coil 环形线圈circular motion 圆周运动circular orbit 圆周轨道circular pulse 圆形脉冲circular wave 圆形波circular wavefront 圆形波阵面,圆形波前clamp 夹钳,夹紧clap-echo method 「拍掌—回声」法cleave 裂开clinical thermometer 体温计clip 夹子clockwise moment 顺时针力矩closed circuit 闭合电路closed pipe 闭管closed tube 闭管closed-loop control system 死循环控制系统closed-loop gain 死循环增益closed-loop voltage gain 死循环电压增益closely packed 密堆积的cloud chamber 云室cloud chamber track 云室径迹coaxial 共轴,同轴coaxial cable 同轴电缆,同轴cobalt 钴code 编码coder 编码器coefficient of dynamic friction 动摩擦系数coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of restitution 恢复系数coefficient of static friction 静摩擦系数coefficient of viscosity 黏滞系数coherent 相干的cohesion 内聚力,内聚cohesive force 内聚力coil 线圈collector 集电极,集极collector current 集电极电流,集极电流collimator 准直管,准直仪collision 碰撞colour 颜色colour code 色码,色标combinational logic 组合逻辑common emitter 共发射极common-mode voltage 共模电压commutator 换向器compass 指南针,罗盘complete circuit 完整电路component 组件,分量,组分component of force 分力compound microscope 复式显微镜compound pendulum 复摆compressed gas 压缩气体compressibility 可压缩性,压缩系数,压缩率compressible fluid 可压缩性流体compression 密部,压缩compression spring balance 压缩弹簧天平concave 凹concave lens 凹透镜concave mirror 凹镜,凹面镜concentric capacitor 同心电容器condensation 凝结,凝聚condensation nucleus 凝结核,凝聚核condensation point 凝点,凝结点condenser 聚光器,电容器,冷凝器conductance 电导conductivity 传导性,传导率conductor 导体conical pendulum 锥摆conjugate foci 共轭焦点conservation of angular momentum 角动量守恒conversation of charge 电荷守恒conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of mechanical energy 机械能守恒conservation of momentum 动量守恒conservative force 守恒力,保守力conserved 守恒constant acceleration 恒加速度constant angular acceleration 恒角加速度constant angular velocity 恒角速度constant force 恒力constant motion 恒速运动constant pressure 定压constant speed 恒速率constant temperature 定温constant velocity 恒速度constant volume 定容constant volume gas thermometer 定容气体温度计constantan 康铜constriction 颈缩constructive interference 相长干涉contact angle 接触角contact area 接触面积contact force 接触力continuity equation 连续性方程continuous spectrum 连续光谱,连续谱continuous wave 连续波contract 收缩control experiment 对照实验,比对实验control grid 控制栅极control rod 控制棒control system 控制系统convection 对流converge 会聚converging lens 会聚透镜converging mirror 会聚镜convex 凸convex lens 凸透镜convex mirror 凸镜,凸面镜coolant 冷却剂cooling by evaporation 蒸发致冷cooling correction 冷却修正cooling curve 冷却曲线cooling effect 冷却效应cooling system 冷却系统,散热系统coplanar forces 共面力core 心,核心Coriolis force 科里奥利力corkscrew rule 螺旋法则cornea 角膜corona discharge 电晕放电corpuscular theory of light 光的微粒学说correction 矫正,修正cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射coulomb 库伦Coulomb's law 库伦定律count rate 计数率counter 计数器counter weight 平衡锤,配重couple 力偶coupled oscillation 耦合振荡coupling 耦合covalent bond 共价键crane magnet 起重磁铁creep 蠕变crest 波峰critical angle 临界角critical damping 临界阻尼critical mass 临界质量critical point 临界点critical temperature 临界温度critical velocity 临界速度crocodile clip 鳄鱼夹cross hairs 十字丝,叉丝cross-sectional area 截面积Crova's disc 克罗瓦盘crystal 晶体crystal diffraction 晶体衍射,晶体绕射crystal lattice 晶体点阵,晶体格子,晶格crystal planes 晶面crystalline 结晶的crystallization 结晶crystallography 晶体学cubical expansivity 体积膨胀系数,体积膨胀率curie 居里current 电流current amplification 电流放大current amplification factor 电流放大因素current amplifier 电流放大器current balance 电流天平current density 电流密度current gain 电流增益current intensity 电流强度current pulse 电流脉冲current sensitivity 电流灵敏度current stabilizer 稳流器current transfer characteristic 电流转移特性current-carrying conductor 载电流导体current-voltage characteristic curve 电流—电压特性曲线 curved mirror 曲面镜cyclotron 回旋加速器cylindrical concave lens 柱面凹透镜cylindrical concave mirror 柱面凹镜cylindrical convex lens 柱面凸透镜cylindrical convex mirror 柱面凸镜cylindrical lens 柱面透镜cylindrical mirror 柱面镜Dd.c. generator 直流发电机d.c. motor 直流电动机Dalton's law of partial pressures 道尔顿分压定律damped harmonic motion 阻尼谐动damped harmonic oscillation 阻尼谐振damped oscillation 阻尼振荡damping 阻尼damping force 阻尼力dark fringe 暗纹data 数据dating 年代测定daughter nucleus 子核daughter nuclide 子核素de Broglie relation 德布罗意关系式de Broglie wave 德布罗意波dead time 失效时间decade capacitance box 十进电容箱decade resistance box 十进电阻箱decay 衰变decay analogue 衰变模拟decay constant 衰变常数,衰变常量decay curve 衰变曲线decay law 衰变定律decay product 衰变产物decelerate 减速deceleration 减速度decibel 分贝decode 译码,解碼decoder 译码器,译码器deflection 偏转deflection plate 偏转板deflection system 偏转系统deflection tube 偏转管deformation 形变degradation of energy 能量退降,能量递降degree 度degree Celsius 摄氏度degree of freedom 自由度demagnetization 去磁,退磁demonstration diode 演示用二极管demonstration meter 演示用电表density 密度depletion layer 耗尽层,阻挡层depth of field 景深derived quantity 导出量derived unit 导出单位destructive interference 相消干涉detection 探测detector 探测器detector of radiation 辐射探测器deuterium 氘,重氢deuteron 氘核,重氢核deviation 偏向,偏差device 装置,设计,器件diamagnetism 抗磁性diaphragm 光阑,膜片diatomic molecule 双原子分子dielectric 电介质,介电的dielectric constant 介电常数,介电常量,电容率dielectric polarization 电介质极化dielectric strength 电介质强度differential equation 微分方程differential input voltage 差动输入电压diffracted ray 衍射线,绕射线diffraction 衍射,绕射diffraction grating 衍射光栅,绕射光栅diffuse reflection 漫反射diffusion 扩散,漫射diffusion cloud chamber 扩散云室digital 数字的digital display 数字显示digital signal 数字讯号digital-to-analogue conversion 数模转换dimension 量纲,因次,维,大小dimensional analysis 量纲分析,因次分析diminished 缩小diode 二极管diode probe 二极管微波探测器dioptre 屈光度,焦度dipole 偶极子direct current 直流电direction 方向,方位direction of propagation 传播方向directly heated cathode 直热式阴极discharge 放电disintegration 蜕变dislocation 位错dispersion 色散dispersive power 色散能力,色散本领,色散率displacement 位移,排量displacement can 排水罐displacement-time graph 位移—时间关系线图dissipative force 耗散力distance 距离distance-time graph 距离—时间关系线图distortion 失真,扭曲,畸变disturbance 干扰diverge 发散diverging lens 发散透镜diverging mirror 发散镜division of amplitude 振幅分割division of wavefront 波阵面分割,波前分割domain 畴,域domestic circuit 家居电路donor 给予体doped semiconductor 掺杂半导体doping 掺杂Doppler broadening 多普勒谱线增宽Doppler effect 多普勒效应Doppler shift 多普勒频移dosage 剂量dose 剂量dose rate 剂量率double pulley 双滑轮double refraction 双折射double slit 双缝double-pole-double-throw switch 双刀双掷开关doublet 双重线drag force 阻力,曳力drift velocity 漂移速度driver circuit 驱动电路driver frequency 驱动频率driving cell 驱动电池driving force 驱动力driving mirror 行车后视镜dry battery 干电池组dry cell 干电池dual trace oscilloscope 双迹示波器ductile 延性的Dulong-Petit law 杜隆—珀替定律dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡dynamic friction 动摩擦dynamic resistance 动态电阻dynamics 动力学dynamo 发电机Eearth 接地,地线earthquake waves 地震波ebonite 硬橡胶,硬质胶ebonite rod 硬橡胶棒,硬质胶棒echo 回声,回波eddy current 涡电流,涡流eddy current damping 涡流阻尼eddy current loss 涡流损耗effective mass 有效质量efficiency 效率effort 施力Einstein's mass-energy relation 爱因斯坦质能关系式elastic collision 弹性碰撞elastic constant 弹性常数,弹性常量elastic deformation 弹性形变elastic hysteresis 弹性滞后elastic limit 弹性极限elastic strain energy 弹性应变能elasticity 弹性electric bell 电铃electric charge 电荷electric current 电流electric field 电场electric field intensity 电场强度electric field pattern 电场图形electric fire 电暖炉electric line of force 电力线electric motor 电动机electric potential 电势,电位electric power 电功率electric shock 电震electrical appliance 电器electrical conductivity 导电率electrical energy 电能electrical oscillation 电振荡electrical potential energy 电势能,电位能electrical resonance 电共振electricity 电,电学electrode 电极electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质electrolytic 电解质的,电解的electrolytic capacitor 电解质电容器electromagnet 电磁铁,电磁体electromagnetic coil 电磁感应圈electromagnetic contact 电磁触点electromagnetic force 电磁力electromagnetic induction 电磁感应electromagnetic moment 电磁矩electromagnetic oscillation 电磁振荡electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射electromagnetic spectrum 电磁波谱electromagnetic wave 电磁波electromagnetism 电磁学electrometer 静电计electromotive force 电动势electron 电子electron beam 电子束electron cloud 电子云electron diffraction 电子衍射,电子绕射electron drift 电子漂移electron energy level 电子能级electron gun 电子枪electron transition 电子跃迁electron tube 电子管electron-volt 电子伏特,电子伏electronics 电子学electrophorus 起电盘electroscope 验电器electrostatic bond 静电键electrostatic field apparatus 静电场仪器electrostatic precipitation 静电沉淀法electrostatics 静电学element 元素,组件elliptic orbit 椭圆轨道elongation 伸长度emergent ray 出射线emission 发射emission line 发射谱线emission spectrum 发射光谱,发射谱emissivity 发射率,比辐射率emit 发射emitter 发射极,射极emitter current 发射极电流,射极电流enamelled wire 漆包线encode 编码encoder 编码器end-correction 端部修正,管口校正量end-on collision 同向碰撞,尾追碰撞energetic particle 高能粒子energy 能量,能energy band 能带energy conversion 能量转换energy conversion efficiency 能量转换效率energy input 能量输入energy level 能级energy output 能量输出energy transfer 能量转移enriched uranium 浓缩铀equation of continuity 连续性方程equation of state 物态方程equation of uniformly accelerated motion 匀加速运动方程equatorial orbit 赤道轨道equilibrium 平衡equilibrium condition 平衡条件equilibrium spacing 平衡间距equipartition of energy 能量均分equipotential 等势的,等位的equipotential line 等势线,等位线equipotential surface 等势面,等位面equivalent capacitance 等效电容equivalent inductance 等效电感equivalent resistance 等效电阻erect 正立escape velocity 逃逸速度ether 以太,醚evacuation 抽成真空evaporation 蒸发excess pressure 超压,逾电压excitation 激发excitation energy 激发能excitation potential 激发电势,激发电位excitation voltage 激发电压excited 受激excited energy level 受激能级excited state 受激态expansion 膨胀expansivity 膨胀系数,膨胀率exponential change 指数式改变exponential decay 指数式衰变exposure 曝光量,照射extension 伸长external force 外力external work 外功extra high tension 超高电压extra-nuclear structure 核外结构extraordinary ray 非常光线extrapolation 外推,外推法extrinsic semiconductor 含杂质半导体eyepiece 接目镜,目镜Ff-number f数,光圈数f-stop f制光圈far point 远点farad 法拉Faraday constant 法拉第常数,法拉第常量Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction 法拉第电磁感应定律fast breeder reactor 快中子增殖反应堆feedback 反馈feedback amplifier 反馈放大器feedback resistance 反馈电阻ferromagnetic substance 铁磁性物质ferromagnetism 铁磁性fictitious force 假力,伪力fidelity 保真性,保真度field coil 场线圈field effect transistor 场效应晶体管field intensity 场强field lines 场力线field magnet 场磁铁,场磁体field of view 视场,视野field strength 场强figure of merit 优值,灵敏值filament 灯丝,丝极filter capacitor 滤波电容器filter circuit 滤波电路filter pump 滤泵final state 终态,末态final velocity 末速度fine-adjustment 微调,细调fire alarm 火警警报器,火警钟first law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律first order spectrum 第一级光谱,第一级谱fission 裂变fission reactor 裂变反应堆fixed point 定点fixed pulley 定滑轮fixed resistor 定值电阻器flat coil 扁平线圈flat solenoid 扁平螺线管flat-bottomed flask 平底烧瓶Fleming's left hand rule 弗林明左手定则Fleming's right hand rule 弗林明右手定则floating body 浮体fluid 流体fluid dynamics 流体动力学fluorescence 荧光fluorescent screen 荧光屏,荧光幕flux 通量flux density 通量密度fly-back 回扫flywheel 飞轮focal length 焦距focal plane 焦平面focus 焦点,聚焦,对焦focus control 聚焦控制follower circuit 跟随电路foot pump 脚踏泵force 力force constant 力常数,力常量force polygon 力多边形force resolution 力的分解force triangle 力三角形force-extension curve 施力—伸长关系曲线 forced oscillation 受迫振荡former 框forward biased 正向偏压forward current 正向电流fossil fuel 化石燃料Foucault's rotating mirror method 傅科旋转镜法frame of reference 参考坐标系,参考系Franck-Hertz experiment 弗兰克—赫兹实验Fraunhofer diffraction 夫琅和费衍射,夫琅和费绕射Fraunhofer lines 夫琅和费谱线free electron 自由电子free fall 自由下坠,自由下落free falling body 自由落体free oscillation 自由振荡free path 自由程free space 自由空间freeze 凝固freezing point 凝固点freon 氟利昂,二氯二氟甲烷frequency 频率frequency modulation 调频,频率调制frequency response 频率响应Fresnel diffraction 菲涅耳衍射,菲涅耳绕射Fresnel's biprism 菲涅耳双棱镜friction 摩擦,摩擦力friction compensated 补偿摩擦作用frictionless motion 无摩擦运动fringe 条纹fringe pattern 条纹图形fuel rod 燃料棒fulcrum 支点full adder 全加法器full-scale deflection 满标偏转full-wave rectification 全波整流full-wave rectifier 全波整流器fundamental frequency 基频fundamental mode of vibration 基谐振动模式fundamental note 基音fundamental quantity 基本量fundamental unit 基本单位fuse 保险丝fuse rating 保险丝额定值fusion 熔解,聚变fusion point 熔点fusion reactor 聚变反应堆GG - clamp G-形钳gain 增益gain control 增益控制galaxy 星系Galilean telescope 伽利略望远镜Galileo's thought experiment 伽利略假想实验galvanometer 电流计,检流计gamma radiation 伽玛辐射gamma ray 伽玛射线gap 隙gas 气,气体gas pressure 气体强压,气压gaseous phase 气相gaseous state 气态gauge 规,计Gauss theorem 高斯定理Geiger counter 盖革计数器Geiger-Marsden scattering experiment 盖革—马斯登散射实验Geiger-Muller counter 盖革—弥勒计数器Geiger-Muller tube 盖革—弥勒管general gas equation 普适气体方程general gas law 普适气体定律generator 发电机genetic effect 遗传效应geometrical optics 几何光学germanium 锗ghost effect 迭影效应glancing angle 掠射角glass fibre 玻璃纤维glycerine 甘油gold foil 金箔fold leaf electroscope 金箔验电器gradient 斜率,梯度graduated cylinder 量筒Graham's law of diffusion 格拉哈姆散定律grain 粒,晶粒gramophone record 唱片,唱碟graph 图,线图,图表graphical method 图解法grating 光栅grating spectrometer 光栅光谱仪,光栅分光计gravitational acceleration 重力加速度gravitational attraction 引力,重力gravitational constant 引力常数,引力常量gravitational field 引力场,重力场gravitational force 引力,重力gravitational mass 引力质量gravitational potential 引力势,重力势gravitational potential difference 引力势差,重力势差gravitational potential energy 引力势能,重力势能gravity 重力grazing incidence 掠入射,切入射greenhouse effect 温室效应grid 栅极grid control 栅极控制grid system 电力网groove 纹道,针槽,开槽ground 接地ground state 基态guinea and feather experiment 「硬币与羽毛」实验Hhair spring 游丝half adder 半加法器half-life 半衰期half-silvered mirror 半镀银镜half-wave rectification 半波整流half-wave rectifier 半波整流器Hall effect 霍耳效应Hall probe 霍耳探测器Hall voltage 霍耳电压hand stroboscope 手动式频闪观测器harmonic 谐音harmonic motion 谐运动harmonic oscillation 谐振荡head-on collision 对正碰撞,正碰heat 热,热量,加热,热学heat absorbent 吸热剂heat absorber 吸热器heat absorption 吸热,热吸收heat capacity 热容量heat conduction 热传导heat exchange 热交换heat flow 热流heat gain 热增益,得热heat insulation 热绝缘,隔热heat loss 热损耗,失热heat proof 耐热的,隔热的heat pump 热泵heat radiation 热辐射heat reservoir 热库,储热器heat sink 热壑heat transfer 热传递,热转移heater 发热器,加热器heating effect 热效应heating element 发热组件Helmholtz coils 亥姆霍兹线圈henry 亨利,亨hertz 赫兹,赫high dispersion prism 高色散棱镜high tension 高电压hole 空穴,空子hollow plastic lens 空心塑料透镜hollow plastic prism 空心塑料棱镜hologram 全息图holography 全息术,全息学Hooke's law 虎克定律horizontal 水平horizontal component 水平分量horizontal deflection 水平偏转horseshoe magnet 蹄形磁铁hot cathode 热阴极hour 小时Huygens' principle 惠更斯原理hydraulic press 水压机hydroelectric power 水力发电hydrogen bomb 氢弹hygrometer 湿度计hyperbolic orbit 双曲线轨道hypodermic needle 皮下注射针头hypodermic syringe 皮下注射针筒hypothesis 假说,假设hysteresis 滞后现象Iideal gas 理想气体ideal gas equation 理想气体方程ideal gas temperature scale 理想气体温标ideal machine 理想机械illuminate 照明,照亮image 像image distance 像距immerse 浸没immersion heater 浸没式电热器impact 碰撞impedance 阻抗impulse 冲量impurity 杂质in focus 焦点对准in parallel 并联in phase 同相in series 串联incident ray 入射线incident wavefront 入射波阵面,入射波前inclined plane 斜面incoherent 不相干的incompressible fluid 非压缩性流体indicator 指示器indirectly heated cathode 旁热式阴极induced charge 感生电荷induced current 感生电流induced e.m.f. 感生电动势induced voltage 感生电压inducing charge 施感电荷inducing current 施感电流inductance 电感inductance capacitance coupled circuit 感容耦合电路inductance coil 电感线圈induction 感应induction heating 感应生热inductive circuit 电感电路inductive component 电感性分量inductive reactance 感抗inductor 电感器,感应器inelastic collision 非弹性碰撞inert gas 惰性气体inertia 惯性,惯量inertia balance 惯性秤inertial frame 惯性坐标系,惯性系inertial mass 惯性质量infra-red detector 红外线探测器infra-red radiation 红外辐射infra-red ray 红外线initial state 初态initial velocity 初速度input 输入input bias current 输入偏压电流input characteristic 输入特性input current 输入电流input offset current 输入补偿电流input power 输入功率input resistance 输入电阻input voltage 输入电压input-output voltage characteristic 输入—输出电压特性instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度instantaneous angular velocity 瞬时角速度instantaneous current 瞬时电流instantaneous power 瞬时功率instantaneous speed 瞬时速率instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度instantaneous voltage 瞬时电压insulation 绝缘insulator 绝缘体integrated circuit 集成电路intensity 强度intensity control 强度控制intensity of current 电流强度interaction 相互作用interatomic force 原子间力interatomic potential 原子间势,原子间位interatomic separation 原子间距intercept 截距,截段interconversion 互换interference 干涉interference pattern 干涉图形internal energy 内能internal force 内力internal resistance 内电阻internal work 内功international system of units 国际单位制,公制,十进制interval 间隔intrinsic semiconductor 纯半导体,本征半导体inverse-square law 平方反比定律inverted 倒立的inverter 反相器,倒换器inverting input 反相输入ion 离子ion-pair 离子偶,离子对ionic bond 离子键ionic structure 离子结构ionization 电离作用ionization chamber 电离室ionization current 电离电流ionization energy 电离能ionization potential 电离电势,电离电位ionization voltage 电离电压ionize 电离ionized atom 离子ionized layer 电离层ionizing power 致电离能力,致电离本领ionizing radiation 致电离辐射ionosphere 电离层iris 虹膜,可变光阑iron core 铁心iron filings 铁粉irreversible process 不可逆过程isobar 等压线,同质异序素isobaric expansion 等压膨胀isobaric process 等压过程isochronous oscillation 等时振荡isotherm 等温线isothermal process 等温过程isotope 同位素isovolumetric process 等容过程JJaegers method 耶格法jet propulsion 喷气推进jockey 滑动触头joule 焦耳joulemeter 焦耳计junction 连接,接头junction diode 面结型二极管junction transistor 面结型晶体管KKaleidoscope 万花筒Kelvin 开尔文,开Kelvin temperature scale 开氏温标Kepler's law 开普勒定律key 电键kilogram 千克kilowatt 千瓦特,千瓦kilowatt-hour 千瓦小时,千瓦时kilowatt-hour meter 电表,千瓦时计kinematics 运动学kinetic energy 动能kinetic friction 动摩擦kinetic theory 分子运动论kinetic theory model 分子运动模型kinetic theory of gases 气体分子运动论Kirchhoff's law 基尔霍夫定律kit 套件knife-edge 刃形支承,刀刃,刀边kryton 氪Kundt's tube 孔脱管Llagging 保温套laminar flow 层流laminated 分层的,迭片的laser 激光,激光器laser beam 激光束laser material 激光材料latch 闩锁latent heat 潜热lateral 横向,侧向,旁向lateral inversion 横向倒置lateral magnification 横向放大,横向放大率lateral search coil 横向探察线圈。

物理名词中英文对照小表

物理名词中英文对照小表

物理名词中英文对照小表机械振动 mechanical vibration简谐振动 simple harmonic oscillation振幅 amplitude周期 period频率 ferquency赫兹 hertz单摆 simple pendulum受迫振动 forced vibration共振 resonnance机械波 mechanical wave介质 medium横波 transverse wave纵波 longitudinal wave波长 wavelength超声波 supersonic wave阿伏加德罗常数 Avogadro constant布朗运动 Brown mation热运动 thermal motion热力学能 thermal energy内能 internal energy热力学第一定律 first law of thermodynamics 能量守恒定律 law of conservation of energy 热力学第二定律 second law of thermodynamics各向同性 isotropy各向异性 anisotropy单晶体 single crystal(monocrystal)多晶体 ploycrystal表面张力 surface tension毛细现象 capillarity液晶 liquid crystal电荷 electric charge电荷量 queantity df electricity正电荷 positive charg负电荷 negative charg库仑定律 Coulomb law静电感应 electrostatic induction感应电荷 inducde charge元电荷 elementary charge电荷守恒定律 law of conservation of charge库仑(电荷单位) coulomb电场 electric fileld电场强度 electric field strength电场线 electric potential电势 electric potential电势差/电压 electric potential difference伏特 volt电容 capacitance电容器 capacitor法拉(电容单位) farad电流 electric current安培(电流单位) ampere电阻 resistance欧姆(电阻单位) ohm电动势 electormotive force(e.m.f.)半导体 semiconductor超导体 superconductor磁性 magnetism磁场 magnetic field磁感线 magnetic induction line安培定则 Ampere rule安培力 Ampere force磁感应强度 magnetic induction左手定则 left-hand rule洛伦兹力 Lorentz force磁通量 magnetic flux电磁感应 elctromagnetic induction感应电流 induction current感应电动势 induction electromotive force电磁感应定律 law of electromagnetic induction 右手定则 right-hand rule自感 self-induction交流 alternating current瞬时值 instantaneous value峰值 peak value有效值 effective value电感 inductance变压器 transformer电能 electric energy电磁场 electromagnetic field电磁波 electromagnetic wave雷达 radar光线 light ray平行光 parallel light实象 real image虚象 virtual image折射 refaction入射角 incident angle反射角 reflection angle折射角 diffraction angle折射率 diffraction index全反射 total reflection临界角 critical angle光导纤维 optical fiber棱镜 prism色散 dispersion光谱 spectrum波的衍射 diffraction of wave波的干涉 interference of waves 红外线 infrared ray紫外线 ultraviolet rayX射线 X-ray电磁波谱 electromagnetic effect 光电效应 photoelectric effect光子 photon普朗克常数 Planck constant波粒二象性 wave-particle duality 概率波 probability wave物质波 matter wave激光 laser电子 electron质子 proton中子 neutron核子 nucleon同位数 isotope原子核 nucleus能级 energy level基态 ground state激发态 excited state跃迁 transition放射性 radioactivityα射线α rayβ射线β rayγ射线γ ray衰变 decay核反应 nuclear reaction核能 nuclear energy质能方程 mass-energy equation 裂变 fission链式反应 chain reaction聚变 fusion热核反应 thermonuclear reaction 介子 meson轻子 lepton强子 hadron。

物理学词汇(英语版)

物理学词汇(英语版)

物理学英语字汇matter 物质energy 能vacuum 真空liquid 液体fluid 流体solid 固体body 物体mass 质量weight 重量density 密度specific gravity 比重gravity 重力velocity 速度kinetic energy 动能intensity 强度friction 磨擦力pressure 压力,压强to exert a force 施作用力vector 矢量,向量work 功temperature 温度heat 热conduction 传导conductor 导体radiation 辐射expansion 膨胀quantum theory 量子论dynamics, kinetics 动力学kinematics 运动学statics 静力学torque 转矩axis of rotation 转动轴moment of inertia 转动惯量electric current 电流electron 电子proton 质子positron 阳电子charge 电荷positive 正negative 负electromotive force 电动势electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极electropositive 电阳性的,电正性的electronegative 电阴性的,电负性的magnetism 磁学,磁性magnetic field 磁场flux 磁通量magnetic induction 磁感应magnet 磁体,磁铁electromagnet 电磁体electromagnetic 电磁的pole 磁极coil 线圈light 光ray 线,射线source 源beam 束,柱,道diffraction 衍射reflection 反射refraction 折射incident ray 入射线angle of incidence 入射角refractive index 折射率lens 透镜image 像focus, focal point 焦点focal length 焦距convergent 全聚的divergent 发散的concave 凹convex 凸biconcave, concavo-concave 凹凹,双凹biconvex, convexo-convex 凸凸,双凸mirror 镜。

物理名词中英文对照

物理名词中英文对照

物理名词中英文对照必修1力学mechanics质点mass point参考系reference frame坐标系coordinate system路径path位移displacement矢量vector标量scalar速度velocity平均速度average velocity瞬时速度instantaneous velocity速率speedv~t图像v~t graph加速度acceleration匀变速直线运动uniform variable rectilinear motion初速度initial velocity自由落体运动free fall motion自由落体加速度free fall acceleration 重力加速度gravitational acceleration力force重力gravity重心center of gravity万有引力gravitation电磁相互作用electromagnetic interaction 强相互作用strong interaction弱相互作用weak interaction形变deformation弹性形变elastic deformation弹性限度elastic limit弹力elastic force劲度系数coefficient of stiffness胡克定律Hooke law摩擦力frictional force静摩擦力static frictional force滑动摩擦力sliding frictional force动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor合理resultant force分力components of force力的合成composition of forces平行四边形定则parallelogram rule 共点力concurrent force力的分解resolution of force三角形定则triangular rule运动学kinematics动力学dynamic牛顿第一定律Newton first law惯性定律law of inertia牛顿第二定律Newton second law 单位制system of units作用力action反作用力reaction牛顿第三定律Newton third law超重overweight失重weightlessness必修2曲线运动curvilinear motion切线tangent抛体运动projectile motion抛物线parabola 线速度linear velocity匀速圆周运动uniform circular motion角速度angular velocity弧度radian向心加速度centripetal acceleration向心力centripetal force引力常量gravitational constant万有引力定律law of universal gravitation 宇宙第一速度first cosmic velocity能energy势能potential energy动能kinetic energy功work功率power重力势能gravitational potential energy弹性势能elastic potential energy动能定理theorem of kinetic energy机械能mechanical energy机械能守恒定律law of conservation of mechanical energy能量守恒定律law of energy conservation高考相关的物理学史内容(1)落体理论:亚里士多德:物体下落的快慢是由它们的重量决定,越重的物体下落的越快;伽利略:物体做自由落体运动时与物体本身的重量无关(2)胡克定律:弹力与弹簧形变量成正比(3)亚里士多德认为必须有力作用在物体上,物体才能运动;没有力的作用,物体就要静止在一个地方。

物理学专业英语词汇

物理学专业英语词汇

物理学专业英语词汇摘要:物理学是一门研究自然界最基本的规律和现象的科学,它涉及到许多专业的英语词汇,对于物理学专业的学习者来说,掌握这些词汇是非常重要的。

本文根据物理学的不同分支,整理了一些常用的物理学专业英语词汇,并用表格的形式给出了中文和英文的对照,以便于读者查阅和记忆。

本文旨在为物理学专业的学习者提供一个参考资料,帮助他们提高英语水平和物理知识。

1. 基础物理 Basic Physics中文英文物理量physical quantity物理单位physical unit标准单位standard unit国际单位制International System of Units (SI)基本量base quantity导出量derived quantity标量scalar矢量vector位移displacement速度velocity加速度acceleration力force动量momentum动能kinetic energy势能potential energy能量守恒conservation of energy功work功率power压强pressure浮力buoyancy摩擦力friction force弹力elastic force重力gravity force引力常数gravitational constant圆周运动circular motion向心力centripetal force简谐振动simple harmonic motion振幅amplitude频率frequency周期period2. 热学 Thermodynamics中文英文温度temperature热力学温标thermodynamic temperature scale 开尔文温标Kelvin temperature scale摄氏温标Celsius temperature scale华氏温标Fahrenheit temperature scale热平衡thermal equilibrium热力学第零定律zeroth law of thermodynamics热量heat热容量heat capacity比热容specific heat capacity理想气体定律ideal gas law普适气体常数universal gas constant3. 光学 Optics中文英文光light光源light source光线light ray光束light beam光波light wave波长wavelength频率frequency振幅amplitude相位phase干涉interference衍射diffraction偏振polarization光速speed of light折射率refractive index折射定律law of refraction反射定律law of reflection全反射total reflection透镜lens镜头lens焦距focal length焦点focus物镜objective lens可见光visible light紫外光ultraviolet light红外光infrared light4. 电学 Electricity中文英文电荷electric charge电流electric current电压electric voltage电阻electric resistance电阻率resistivity电容electric capacitance电容率permittivity5. 原子物理 Atomic Physics中文英文原子atom原子核atomic nucleus原子序数atomic number原子量atomic mass原子半径atomic radius原子轨道atomic orbit电子electron质子proton中子neutron电子云electron cloud电子壳层electron shell价电子valence electron离子ion同位素isotope同素异形体allotrope核裂变nuclear fission核聚变nuclear fusion核反应堆nuclear reactor核武器nuclear weapon6. 量子物理 Quantum Physics中文英文量子quantum量子力学quantum mechanics量子场论quantum field theory量子数quantum number量子态quantum state量子纠缠quantum entanglement量子隧穿quantum tunneling测不准原理uncertainty principle薛定谔方程Schrödinger equation海森堡矩阵力学Heisenberg matrix mechanics 7. 固体物理 Solid State Physics中文英文固体solid晶体crystal晶格lattice晶胞unit cell晶面指数Miller index点阵常数lattice constant点缺陷point defect线缺陷line defect8. 电磁学 Electromagnetism中文英文电荷electric charge电流electric current电场electric field电势electric potential电压electric voltage电阻electric resistance电阻率resistivity电容electric capacitance电容率permittivity电感electric inductance电磁感应electromagnetic induction电磁波electromagnetic wave磁场magnetic field磁通量magnetic flux磁感应强度magnetic induction intensity磁化率magnetic susceptibility磁导率magnetic permeability9. 光子学 Photonics中文英文光子photon光源light source光纤optical fiber光波导optical waveguide光谱spectrum光谱仪spectrometer激光器laser半导体激光器semiconductor laser激光二极管laser diode发光二极管light-emitting diode (LED)光探测器photodetector光电倍增管photomultiplier tube (PMT) 10. 流体力学 Fluid Mechanics中文英文流体fluid气体gas液体liquid粘性viscosity粘滞力viscous force流速flow velocity流量flow rate流线streamline管流pipe flow层流laminar flow湍流turbulent flow雷诺数Reynolds number伯努利方程Bernoulli's equation压力差pressure difference水头head水锤现象water hammer11. 波动光学 Wave Optics中文英文光波light wave波前wavefront光程差optical path difference干涉条纹interference fringe干涉仪interferometer杨氏双缝实验Young's double-slit experiment 迈克尔逊干涉仪Michelson interferometer法布里-珀罗干涉仪Fabry-Perot interferometer衍射现象diffraction phenomenon衍射级数diffraction order中文英文衍射极限diffraction limit单缝衍射single-slit diffraction双缝衍射double-slit diffraction12. 相对论 Relativity中文英文相对论relativity狭义相对论special relativity广义相对论general relativity惯性系inertial frame参考系reference frame洛伦兹变换Lorentz transformation洛伦兹收缩Lorentz contraction时间膨胀time dilation质能方程mass-energy equation光速不变原理principle of constancy of light speed 相对性原理principle of relativity引力场gravitational field引力波gravitational wave弯曲的时空curved spacetime13. 核物理 Nuclear Physics中文英文核物理nuclear physics原子核atomic nucleus核子nucleon质子proton中子neutron核力nuclear force核结合能nuclear binding energy核裂变nuclear fission核聚变nuclear fusion放射性元素radioactive element放射性衰变radioactive decay半衰期half-lifeα衰变alpha decayβ衰变beta decay。

大学物理常用单词中英对照表

大学物理常用单词中英对照表

已更正Gravitational constant引力常量GGravity acceleration重力加速度gElectron charge电子电荷(元电荷)e Mass of electron电子质量m eMass of Earth地球质量m EOne electron volt1单位电子伏特 1eV Permittivity in vacuum真空电导率(介电常数)ɛ0 Permeability in vacuum真空磁导率μ0angular momemtum conservation角动量守恒axis轴capacitance电容capacitor电容器cavity洞centrifugal离心的centrifugal force离心力centripetal向心的centripetal force向心力charge电荷circular motion转动clockwise顺时针的cnoductor导体collision碰撞compression压缩Coriolis force科里奥利力corrdinates坐标cylindrical圆柱状的density密度diameter直径dielectric绝缘体dipole偶极子displacement位移Dynamics动力学elastic force弹力electrostatic force静电场力elliptical椭圆的EMF电动势equilibrium平衡态equivalent等价的exert施加friction摩擦gravatational force引力horizontally水平的induced感生inertial referance frame惯性参考系initiallly初始的insulate绝缘的Kinematics运动学linear momentum conservation(线性)动量守恒Lorentz force洛伦兹力magneto-static force静磁场力Mechanics力学moment of inertia转动惯量mount装载negative负nonuniform不均匀的normal法向parallel平行particle粒子penetrate穿过plane/flat平面positive正potential势prependicular/vertical垂直的radius半径ratio比例repel排斥respectively分别的rod/stick杆rotate旋转satellite卫星solid固体Special Relativity狭义相对论spherical shell球壳spring弹簧tangential切向torque力矩trajectory轨迹translational motion平动velocity速度voltage电压。

物理英语专业术语中英对照

物理英语专业术语中英对照

物理英语专业术语中英对照Tadpole 蝌蚪 Galvanometer 电流计 Theodolite 经纬仪 Thermal 热的;热量的 Insulation 绝缘 Transducer 转换,换能,转导Transfer 转移 Transform 变换 Translation 平移 Transmit 传送Transplant 移植 Transpose 调换 Triboelectricity 摩擦电 Ultrasonic wave 超声波 Uniform acceleration 匀加速度 Uniform circular motion 匀速圆周运动 Uniform velocity 匀速度 Upthrust 浮力 Vacuum 真空 Vapor 蒸发 Vector 向量 View angle 视角 Virtual focus 虚焦点 Virtual image 虚像 Vocal 有声的 Volt 伏 Voltage 电压 Voltmeter 伏特计 Wattmeter 瓦特计 Watt 瓦特Wattage dissipation 功率消散 Wattles component 无功部分 Wave length 波长Wax 石蜡 Weightlessness 失重 Relative 相对的 Reluctance 磁阻 Repulsion 排斥,斥力 Reserve 储量 Reservoir 积蓄(水库) Resistance 电阻 Resolution 分辨率 Resonance 回声,共振 Resonance absorption 回声吸收Resultant 合力 Resultant of forces 合力 Resultant velocity 合速度Return circuit 回路 Rheostat 变阻器 Right-hand rule 右手定则 Saturate 使(((饱和 Saturated solution 饱和溶液 Saturation point 饱和点 Scale 刻度,比例,进制 Scattered reflection 漫反射 Scattering angle 散射角Seismograph 地震仪 Series circuit 串联电路 Short circuit 短路 Shunt 分路,分流,使(((并联Solenoid 螺线管 Solidifying point 凝固点 Specific gravity 比重Specific heat 比热 Thermal capacity 热容 Spectral line 光谱线 Spectral series 光谱线系 Sphere 球,球面 Sphere of action 作用范围 Spiral 螺旋的,盘旋的 Electrode 电极 Standard pressure 标准大气压 States of matter 物态Static 静态的 Static electricity 静电 Stress 压力 Sublimation 升华Sulphur 硫黄 Super heating 过热 Super heavy 超重(元素) Surface tension 表面张力。

物理专业英语

物理专业英语

第一章:运动学Vector quantity: A quantity that has both magnitude and direction .译文;矢量:一个既有大小又有方向的量Scalar quantity A quantity that has magnitude, but no direction.译文:标量:一个只有大小没有方向的量Vector An arrow drawn to scale used to represent a vector quantity.译文:矢:一个标有刻度的箭头去代表矢量Motion A change of position.译文:运动:位置的改变Speed The distance traveled per time.译文:速率:单位时间内走过的路程Velocity The rate of change position and the direct of the motion.译文:速度:沿运动方向位移的变化率Acceleration Time rate of velocity :Acceleration=change in velocity/time it takes for change.译文:加速度:速度的变化率,加速度=速度的变化量/这段时间第二章:守恒定律Force : A quantity capable of producing motion or a change in motion.译文:力:一个能够产生运动或该变运动的量Net force:The equivalent or resultant force of two or more force.译文:合外力:它等价于两个或多个力或者可由其合成Newton’s first law of motion(law of inertia):An object remains at rest or in uniform motion with a constant velocity unless acted upon by a net unbalanced force.译文:牛顿第一定律:一切物体总保持静止或匀速直线运动知道有不平衡的力迫使他改变为止。

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Conductors & dielectrics in electrostatic field
Dielectric 电介质 Electrostatic equilibrium 静电平衡 Polarization 极化 Relative permittivity of dielectric 电介质的相对电容率 Electric susceptibility 电极化率 Electric displacement 电位移矢量 Metal 金属 Capacitor 电容器 Capacitance 电容 Farad 法拉 Breakdown field strength (dielectric strength) 击穿电场强度 (电介质绝缘强度) Parallel combination 并联 Series combination 串联 Energy of electrostatic field 静电场的能量
Electrostatic induction 静电感应 Electrostatic shield 静电屏蔽 Coaxial 同轴的 Isotropic 各向同性的 Free charge 自由电荷 Polarized charge 极化电荷 Electric polarization 电极化强度 Permittivity of dielectric 电介质的电容率 Gauss’s law with dielectric 电介质中的高斯定理 Conducting 导电的 Parallel-plate capacitor 平行板电容器 Cylindrical capacitor 圆柱形电容器 Spherical capacitor 球形电容器 Energy density of electrostatic filed 静电场的能量密度
Magnetic forces & magnetic fields
Magnetic field 磁场 Steady current 恒定电流 Electric current 电流 Drift speed 漂移速率 Magnetic induction 磁感应强度 The Biot-Savart law 毕奥-萨伐尔定律 Infinitesimal 无限小的 Permeability of free space 真空磁导率 Principle of superposition of magnetic induction 磁感应强度叠加原理 Loop, Coil 线圈 Solenoid 螺线管 Angular velocity 角速度 Magnetic flux 磁通量 Gauss’s law in magnetic field
Steady magnetic field 恒定磁场 Electromotive force (emf) 电动势 Current density 电流密度 Conduction current 传导电流 Ampere 安培 Circuit 电路,回路 Magnet 磁铁 Tesla 特斯拉 Current element 电流元 Right-hand rule 右手螺旋定则 Current-carrying 载流的 Extending line 延长线 Magnetic moment 磁矩 Magnetic induction lines 磁感应线 Ampere’s loop law 安培环路定理


磁场中的高斯定理 Clockwise 顺时针的 Anticlockwise (counterclockwise) 逆时针的 Ideal 理想的 Closed path 闭合路径 Turn 匝,圈 Lorentz force 洛伦兹力 Ampere force 安培力 period 周期 Ampere law 安培定律 Torque 转矩 Magnetization 磁化
Rectangle 长方形的 Cross section 截面 Toroid 螺绕环 Closely spaced 密绕的 Magnetic medium 磁介质 Ampere’s loop law in magnetic medium 磁介质中的安培环路定理 Magnetic permeability 磁导率 Relative magnetic permeability 相对磁导率 Magnetization intensity 磁化强度 Magnetization current 磁化电流 Magnetic field intensity 磁场强度
Faraday’s law & inductance
Faraday’s law of induction 法拉第电磁感应定律 Induction electromotive force 感应电动势 Magnetic flux linkage 磁链 Vary 变化 Motional electromotive force 动生电动势 Bar 棒 Pivot 支点 Induced electric field 感生电场 Mutual inductance electromotive force 互感电动势 Henry 亨利 Energy of magnetic field 磁场的能量 Energy density of magnetic field 磁场的能量密度 Cable 电缆 Displacement current 位移电流 Full current 全电流
Induction current 感应电流 Lenz’s law 楞次定律 Move away from 离开 Upwards 向上 Downwards 向下 Induced electromotive force 感生电动势 Electromagnetic field 电磁场 Self-inductance electromotive force 自感电动势 Self-inductance 自感 Mutual-inductance 互感 Volume element 体积元 Displacement current density 位移电流密度 Ampere’s loop law in full current 全电流安培环路定理 Maxwell electromagnetism theorem 麦克斯韦电磁场理论 Maxwell’s equations 麦克斯韦方程组

















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