英语

leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。

例如：When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。

例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。

3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。

例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？
情态动词should“应该”
1.学会使用should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？
Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？
2.should有时表示应当做或发生的事:
例如：We should help each other. 我们应当互相帮助。

3.我们在使用时要注意以下几点：1.用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。

此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈:
例如：You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。

4.用于提出意见劝导别人:
例如：You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。

5.用于表示可能性。

should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。

例如：We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。

She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。

What...?与Which...?
1.what与which都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。

如：What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？
该句相当于：What does your father do? What is your father's job? Which指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。

如：---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特？
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。

2.What...?是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制；而Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。

如：What color do you like best?（所有颜色）你最喜爱什么颜色？
Which color do you like best,blue,green or yellow?你最喜爱哪一种颜色？（有特定的范围）3.what与which后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。

如：Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国？
频度副词的位置
1.常见的频度副词有以下这些：always（总是，一直）usually（通常）often（常常，经常）sometimes（有时候）never（从不）
2.频度副词的位置：
a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。

如：David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。

b.放在行为动词前。

如：Weusuallygotoschoolat7:10everyday.我们每天经常在7：10去上学。

c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。

如：Sometimes I walk home,sometime I ride a bike.有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。

3.never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。

如：Never have I been there.我从没到过那儿。

5)every day与everyday
1.every day作状语，译为“每一天”。

如：Wegotoschoolat7:10everyday.我们每天7：10去上学。

I decide to read English everyday.我决定每天读英语。

2.everyday作定语，译为“日常的”。

如：She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

What's your everyday activity? 你的日常活动是什么？
Forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
1.forget to do忘记要去做某事(未做) forget doing忘记做过某事(已做) The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。

(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。

(已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。

(to come动作未做)
2.remember to do记得去做某事(未做) remember doing记得做过某事(已做) Remember to go to the post office after school.
记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember seeing the man before?
你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
It's for sb.和It's of sb.
1.for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词
如:easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等：
It's very hard for him to study two languages.
对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2.of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词
如：good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right。

It's very nice of you to help me.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。

3.for与of的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语造句的话，如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。

如：You are nice.(通顺，所以应用of)。

He is hard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。

)
so、such与不定冠词的使用
1.so与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。

如：He is so funny a boy. Jim has so big a house.
2.such与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。

如：It is such an ice day. That was such an interesting story.
使用-ing分词的几种情况
1.在进行时态中。

如：He is watching TV in the room. They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be结构中。

如：There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems结构中。

如：We have fun learning English this term. They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介词后面。

如：Thanks for helping me. Are you good at playing basketball？
5.在以下结构中：
enjoy doing sth 乐于做某事finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth想要做某事stop doing sth停止做某事
forget doing sth忘记做过某事go on doing sth 继续做某事
Remember doing sth记得做过某事like doing sth 喜欢做某事
Keep sb doing sth使某人一直做某事find sb doing sth发现某人做某事
try doing sth试图做某事can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
Need doing sth需要做某事prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事
Mind doing sth介意做某事miss doing sth错过做某事
Practice doing sth练习做某be busy doing sth忙于做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth 看到/听到/观看某人做某事
名词的复数构成的几种形式
1.规则变化
2.不规则动词表
3.单复数同形
sheep---sheep deer---deer fish---fish people---people
4.表示“某国人”的单、复数变化。

即“中日瑞不变英法变，其它国把-s
加后面”。

Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Swiss---Swiss Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen ,American---Americans,Australian---Australians ,Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans Russian---Russians Indian---Indians
双写最后一个字母的-ing分词
初中阶段常见的有以下这些：
let→letting让hit→hitting打、撞cut→cutting切、割get→getting取、得到sit→sitting坐forget→forgetting忘记put→putting放set→setting设置2.shop→shopping购物
stop→stopping停止drop→dropping放弃
travel→travel(l)ing旅游swim→swimming游泳run→running跑步dig→digging挖、掘begin→beginning开始prefer→preferring宁愿plan→planning计划
肯定句变否定句及疑问句要变化的一些词
1.some变为any。

如：There are some birds in the tree.→There aren't any birds in the tree.
但是，若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中，some可以不变。

如：Would you like some orange juice?
与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。

2.and变为or。

如：I have a knife and a ruler.→I don't have a knife or a ruler.
3.already变为yet。

如：
I have been there already.→I haven't been there yet.
如何表达英语中的“穿、戴”
英语中表示“穿、戴”的表达方法有好几种，常见的有以下这些：
1、put on主要表达“穿”的动作。

He put on his coat.他穿上了他的外套。

You'd better put on your shoes.你最好穿上你的鞋子。

2、wear主要表示“穿、戴”的状态。

The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴着一副眼镜。

The girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿着一条红色的短裙。

3、dress 可作及物动词，有“给......穿衣”的意思，后接“人”，而不是“衣服”。

Please dress the children right now.请立即给孩子们穿上衣服。

Dress 也可作不及物动词，表示衣着的习惯。

如：
The woman always dresses in green.那位妇女总是穿绿色的衣服。

4、be in 表示穿着的状态。

如：
John is in white today.约翰今天穿白色的衣服。

The in black is a football coach.
A little, a few 与a bit (of) a little
a few 与a bit (of) 都有“一些、少量”的意义。

区别如下:
1.a little 意为“一些、少量”，后接不可数名词。

如：
There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点水。

还可以接形容词。

如：
He is a little shy. 他有些害羞。

2. A few意为“一些、少数”，后接复数的可数名词。

如：
There are a few people in the room.房间里有一些人。

3.a bit意为“一点儿”，后接形容词。

如：
It's a bit cold. 有点冷。

A bit of后接不可数名词。

如：
He has a bit of money.他有一点儿钱。

4.a little 和a few表肯定意义，little和few表否定意义；如：
There is a little soda in the glass.杯子里有一点儿汽水。

There is little soda in the glass.杯子里几乎没有汽水了。

I have a few Chinese friends. 我有一些中国朋友。

Few people like him.几乎没有人喜欢他。

5.a little=a bit of,后接不可数名词；
A little=a bit=a little bit=kind of,后接形容词，意为“有点儿”。

Stop to do sth与stop doing sth
1.stop to do sth 意为“停下来去做某事”。

如：
The students stop to listen to their teacher. 学生们停下来去听他们老师讲话。

2.stop doing sth 意为“停止做某事”。

如：
The students stopped talking. 学生们停止了谈话。

与它们相反的句式是：go on to do sth “继续做某事（与刚才一事不同）”和go on doing Sth “继续做某事（与刚才同一件事）”。

如：He finishes his homework and goes on to study English. 他完成了作业，接着继续去念英语。

They went on playing games.他们继续玩游戏
表示时间的in、on与at
in,on与at都可以和表示时间的词（组）连用。

1.in表示时间的一段或较长的时间。

如：
In the morning在上午in May, 2004在2004年五月
In a week 在一周之内（后）
It's Sunday, I can finish it in two days.现在是星期天，我能在两天后完成。

（星期二）Rome was not built in a day.罗马不是在一天内建起来的。

2.on主要指在具体的一天。

如：
On Sunday在星期天on May Day在“五一”节On a hot afternoon在一个炎热的下午
He arrived in Beijing on April 26,2004. 他于2004年4月26日到达北京。

3.at表示时间的一点或比较短的时间。

如：
at8:00在八点at noon 在中午
I always get up at6:00 every morning.我总是每天早晨六点起床。

It's always warm at this time of year.每年的这个时候总是暖和的。

hard与hardly
1.hard既可作形容词，也可作副词。

如：It's a hard(adj.)question.(=difficult)这是一个难的问题。

The boy studies very hard(adv.). 那男孩学习非常努力。

句子结构：It's hard for sb to do sth做某事对某人来说是难的。

如：It's hard for him to finish the work.完成那项工作对他来说很难。

注意区分：hard work困难的工作work hard努力工作
2.hardly是频度副词，表示否定的意思。

（=almost not）通常用在形容词、副词和动词之前。

如：I can hardly see it. 我几乎看不到它。

sometime,sometimes,sometime与sometimes 记忆
sometimes(有时)sometimes(好几次)sometime(某一次)sometime(一段)
口诀：有s是有时，有时分开好几次，无s是某时，某时分开是一段。

1.sometime是时间副词，指不确定的将来或过去某一点时间（某时候或任何时候），不指一段时间。

如：We'll go to Beijing sometime next month.我们下个月某一时候会去北京。

2.sometimes是频度副词，指“有时”、“不时”的意思（=at times）。

如：Sometimes I get up very late on Sunday morning.有时候我在星期天早晨起得很晚。

3.sometime是名词词组，指一段时间（一些时间或若干时间）。

4.如：It took him sometime to finish the book.她花了一些时间去完成作业。

4.sometimes指“几次”。

如：He met the woman sometimes last month.上个月他见过那妇女几次。

with的几个用法
1.with表“和、同、与”。

如：Can you go to the park with me?你能和我一起去公园吗？
2.with表“用、以、被”。

如：Don't write with the red pen.不要用那支红色的钢笔写字。

3.with表“随着”。

如：Climate varies with the time of the year.气候随着时令的不同而不同。

4.with表“带有、有......的”。

如：The girl with long hair is my classmate.长头发的女孩是我的同学。

5.with表“因为、由于”。

如：They were angry with hard work.他们因为艰难的工作而生气。

6.一些with结构：play with 与......一起玩be angry with对......生气talk with 与......交谈get on well with与......相处融洽
八年级上Unit1—Unit3
一．重点短语：
1.on weekends
2.on weekdays
3.as for
4.my eating habits
5.have a healthy lifestyle
6.the same as
7.the result of
8.junk food
9.get good grades 10.see a dentist 11.have a healthy habit 12.be stressed out 3.a balanced diet 14.for example 15.at the moment 16.be sorry to do sth 17.go bike riding 18.take walks=go for walk 19.take a vacation 20.plan to do sth 21.western country 22.take sth with sb 23.depend on 24.host family 25.hardly ever 6.ask sb about sth 27.get back to school 8.a balance of 29.kind of
二．考点归纳：
考点1.want sb to do sth 想要某人干某事His father wants him_____(become )an actor.
考点2.try 的用法:
1).try to do sth 尽力干某事He tries ______(eat) lots of vegetables and fruit every day .
2).try not to do sth 尽力不干某事We try______(not let) my teacher down.
3).try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力干某事We should try our best ______ (study) all subjects.
4)词组: try on 试穿have a try 试一试
考点3.although 的用法: although /though 引导让步状语从句，“即使，虽然”，不能与but 连用，但可与yet, still 连用。

考点4.finish doing sth 结束干某事I will finish______ (work )out the problem in another two minutes .
考点5.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地干某事I can’t wait _____(open)the TV when I get home .
考点6.decide 的用法:
1).decide to do sth 决定干某事
2).decide not do sth 决定不干某事
3).decide on doing sth 决定干某事
4).同义词组: make a decision to do sth = make up one’s mind to do sth = decide to do sth He has decided to leave for Wuhan .= He has ______ a _____ to leave for Wuhan.= He has ____up his_____ to leave for Wuhan.
考点7.plan to do sth 计划干某事She is planning ______(take )a vacation in Shanghai next month .
考点8.think about doing sth 考虑干某事He thought about ______(go ) to Beijing on vacation .
考点9.go + v-ing 的用法: go fishing go boating go skating go shopping go hiking go skateboarding
考点10.句型: It’s + adj +for /of sb to do sth
同义句：1).It’s +adj +for sb +to do sth = To do sth + be +adj 2).It’s +adj +of sb +to do sth = Sb +be +adj + to do sth It is very friendly of you to help me .=_____ _____ friendly to help me . It’s very hard for you to work out the math problem .= ______ _____ out the math problem is very hard for you .
八年级上Unit4---Unit6
一．重点短语：1.take the subway 2.all over/around the world .be different from 4.on the school bus 5.study for a test 6.go to the doctor=see a doctor 7.have a piano lesson 8.the day after tomorrow 9.keep quiet /be quiet e over to 11.be free=have time 12.in some ways 13.look the same 14.in common 15.do the same things as e sth to do sth 17.begin with 18.in one’s free time 19.the bus /train /subway station 20.another time 21.means of transportation 22.all kinds of 23.depend on 24.go to concert 25.keep quiet 26.primary school
二．考点归纳：
考点1.有关交通工具的同义句：
1).take the train to …=go to …by train take the bus to …= go to …by bus
2).fly to …= go to …by plane /air walk to …. = go to …on foot ride a bike to …= go to …. by bike My uncle went to New York last week . My uncle _____ _____ New York last week .
考点2.有关花费时间的句型：
1).It +takes +sb.+时间+to do sth
2).sb. +spend +时间+on sth (in doing sth ). It took me half an hour to work it out . I_____ half an hour ______ it out .
考点3.表示两地相距有多远： A +be +距离+from +B = It’s +距离+from A+ to B. It is five minutes’walk from my home to school. = It ______ me five minutes to _____to school .
考点4.leave ,leave for , leave …for …
1).leave +地点“离开某地”
2).leave for +地点“前往某地”=go to +某地
3).leave +某地+for +某地“离开某地前往某地”Mr wang are going to Beijing tomorrow .= Mr wang are _____ ______ Beijing tomorrow.
考点5.all …not = not all “并非都”部分否定注：not 与all /both /every ….. 连用构成部分否定。

Not all birds can fly . = _____ birds can fly , some can’t .
考点6.the number of / a number of
1).a number of 许多= a lot of /many , number 前可用large /small 来修饰，a large / small number of ….. 作主语时，谓语用复数。

2).the number of ….的数量, 作主语时，谓语用单数。

A large number of tourists ______(come )to Mountain Tai every year . The number of the students in our class ____(be ) 考点7.sick / ill
1).ill 用在系动词之后作表语。

2).sick 既可以放在系动词之后作表语也可放在名词之前作定语。

She was _______ because of hard work . The _____ boy coughed terribly .
考点8.表示客气地请求某人干某事
1). Would you like to do sth ? 2).Could you please do sth ?
3).Will /Would you please do sth ? 4).Can you do sth ?
考点9.be busy
1). be busy with sth .忙于某事2).be busy doing sth 忙于干某事
3).be busy 的反义词组be free / have time
I am busy tomorrow .= I _____ _____ = I ______ ______ time .
考点10.whole / all
1).whole 一般置于冠词，物主代词或其他限定词之后，all 位于限定词之前。

2).一般不修饰不可数名词，all 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。

He stayed at home all the afternoon .= He stayed at home ______ _____ afternoon.
考点11.however / but however “然而，可是”用于句首或句中，须用逗号隔开。

而but 不用逗号隔开。

He is very busy ,_____, he always helps me . A. and B. / C. but D. however
考点12.most of / most
1).most of the +复数名词“…..中的大多数”
2).most +复数名词“大多数的…….”_____ the students are clever . ______students are clever. 考点13.beat / win /lose
1).beat:打败后面接打败的人或对象beat sb
2).win:赢后面接比赛的项目（race , game , match , prize …..）
3).lose:输lose to sb 输给某人lose sth 输了某物Their team beat ours = Their team ______ the match . = Our team ______ _____ theirs.
考点14.do you think 作为插入语
1).位置：放在疑问词之后
2).语序：后面的句子用陈述句语序。

Do you think ? Who is the man over there ?= _____ do you think the man _____ over there ?
考点15.常见的不可数名词:weather,work,food,news,advice,information,fun,music,paper ______ weather ! we are going to the park . A. What a good B.What good C. How a good D. How good
考点16.afford
1).afford 常与情态动词can , can’t , could , couldn’t 连用
2).afford 后面接名词或代词不定时。

3).同义句：can’t afford to do sth = sb don’t /doesn’t have enough money to do sth . The book is very expensive ,I can’t afford to buy it .= I don’t have _____ _____ to buy it .
考点17.listen to /hear /sound
1).listen to …仔细倾听强调听的过程2).hear …听到、听见强调听的结果
3).sound …. 系动词“听起来…….”后面接形容词而sound like +名词
I _______ her but could ______ nothing . It ______ interesting .
考点18.句型：not as ….as
1).not as…as 之间要用原级
2).同义句：A + not as/so…as +B= A + 形容词的反义词的比较级+ than + B = B + 形容词的比较级+ than +A Tom is not as tall as I = Tom is _____ ______ I. I am ______ _____ Tom . This book is not as expensive as that one .= This book is ______ ______ than that one . That book is ______ ______ than this book。