2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书：第1部分 专题5 第3讲 概要写作 Word版含解析
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题5 第1讲 类型1 书信电子邮件(含解析)
专题五写作第1讲应用文写作【考情展示·考向预测】(对应学生用书第79页)应用文写作是高考英语书面表达最常见的一种考查形式。
此类作文接近学生的生活实际，学生有话可说，能充分考查学生的真实写作水平。
常见的应用文有书信、电子邮件、通知、日记、便条、启示、演讲稿等。
而浙江英语新高考把应用文写作作为一个特有题型固定下来，主要是对书信和电子邮件的考查。
类型1| 书信/电子邮件英文书信通常由下列五个部分组成：1．信头(Heading)。
包括写信人地址和写信日期，通常写在信笺的右上角。
在比较熟识的朋友之间的通信，写信人的地址常可省略。
2．称呼(Salutation)。
指写信人对收信人的称呼，如Dear Xiaojun，写在日期下一两行，顶格写，称呼后面可用逗号，也可用冒号，一般用Dear...或My dear...开头。
3．正文(Body)。
这是书信的主体部分，即写信人要表达的内容。
正文一般在称呼下方隔两行处开始写，正文的首行左边一般留约5个字母宽的空白。
4．结束语(Complimentary Close)。
它是书信结尾的恭维话，相当于中文书信最后的“祝好”、“致礼”之类的话语。
如“Best wishes”等。
5．签名(Signature)。
签名通常签在结束语下方的中间偏右的位置，在签名的上方可根据写信人和收信人的关系写Sincerely yours/Yours sincerely(用于长辈或朋友之间)，或Respectfully yours/Yours respectfully(用于对长辈或上级)，注意开头字母要大写，末尾要用逗号。
(2017·浙江6月卷)假定你是李华，计划组织一次郊游，请给你的英国朋友Chris 写封邮件邀请他参加。
内容包括： 1．参加者； 2．时间、地点； 3．活动：登山、野餐等。
注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[习作评阅]——自我修改三档作文[1.高级词汇。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书：第1部分 专题5 第1讲 类型5 求助信
类型5| 求助信
1．求助信要简明扼要，语气委婉、真诚，不强人所难，并尽量提供足够的信息，能使收信人愿意帮助你。
2．写作指导
(1)清晰陈述请求的内容或所要获取的信息；
(2)提出的问题数量不宜过多，要便于回答；
(3)解释收信人回信的理由并表示感谢。
(2017·杭州二中三模)
假定你是李华。
校学生会打算举办一个美国文化节，急需一些美国杂志。
请你给美国笔友Jimmy写一封e-mail求助，让他帮忙选购一些能反映美国社会、适合中国学生的杂志寄过来，并告知会承担相关费用。
内容包括：
1．求助的原因；
2．对杂志的要求；
3．费用。
注意：
1．词数80左右。
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[习作评阅]——自我修改三档作文
[自我提升]——向极优作文迈进。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书：第1部分 专题1 类型5 新闻报道
类型5| 新闻报道考查要点方法技巧1.新闻的主题，即发生了什么事。
2．涉及的时间、地点、背景、人物等。
3．事件的起因、经过、结果、影响。
1.新闻报道的主题多在文章的开头处。
2．抓记叙要素，理行文线索，辨叙述方式。
3．要善于分析新闻的社会功能和意义。
(2017·浙江金华十校模拟)A Ushaped object，resembling a silvery dome (穹顶)，is now under inspection by Russian experts，after being secretly removed under cover of night from the possession of villagers who found it.After discovering it on Sunday，locals from the village of Otradnesnky had managed to drag the “UFO fragment”from the thick forest where it had fallen.They loaded it onto a truck and took it through the snow to their village，where local inspectors then examined it before reporting to Moscow authorities.In an official statement，Sergey Bobrov，who found the object，agreed to keep it safe.But following their secret removal of the 200kilogram metal fragment (碎片)，police have it under close guard on orders from unnamed authorities.The object has not had its origin confirmed yet.However，it does not come from a rocket or missile or be in any way associated with space technology，it has been announced.“The object found is not related to space technology.A final conclusion can be made after a detailed study of the object by experts，”said Roscosmos，the Russian space agency.Experts have also examined the object to determine whether it is dangerous.“We measured the radiation level near and inside the object.We found no radiation here，”said Yuri Bornyakov，who heads the rescue service department of the Kuybyshevsky district in the Novosibirsk region.“Part of the fragment is made of ultrastrong titanium (钛)，”said Valery Vasiliev，the head of the KuybyshevskyDepartment for Civil Defence and Emergency Situations.A guess that it had come from a failed Kazakhstan rocket or satellite launch was also denied.“You can see inside it.All is open.It's empty.No danger here.We were asked to take and store it.We brought it here.And now we are going to wait until they come to take it if they need it，”said local police spokesman Sergei Sulein.24．The“ UFO fragment”was found ．A．in the sky B．in the fieldC．in the forest D．in the sea25．We can infer from the passage that ．A. the“UFO fragment”comes from outer spaceB．the fragment could be used to make a rocketC．the person who found it will get a reward from MoscowD．the local police will keep the“ UFO fragment”for a while26．What does the passage mainly talk about?A．A fallen“UFO fragment”in Russia.B．A UFO found by Russian villagers.C．An inspection of a“UFO fragment”．D．A report on a failed rocket.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书：第1部分 专题2 模式2 设空在段中
模式2| 设空在段中考查要点1.段落主题句：有时段落首句只是引语，接下来的语句才是段落主题句。
2.解释、引申、例证类语句：对前面的论点或观点加以解释、引申或例证。
3.建议性语句：作者提出的解决问题的方法、措施或步骤。
4.句子间的过渡语句：为使上下文语意承接、转换自然，作者加入的过渡语句。
1．段落主题句[考题回放](2016·全国卷Ⅲ)There are many common methods used to cook fish. 40 First，clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料)．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.) Then，it's ready to serve.B．The easiest is to steam it.[思路分析] 段落首句说“鱼有很多普通做法”并不是主题句，根据空格后面“如何蒸鱼”的介绍可知，空格内的句子“最简单的(方法)是蒸鱼”才是本段的主题句。
2．解释、引申、例证[考题回放](2017·浙江6月卷)How to Do ManontheStreet InterviewsThe manonthestreet interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 31 But with these tips，your first manonthestreet interview experience can be easy.D．For new reporters，this can seem like a challenging task.[思路分析] 此处是对a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interviewpeople on the sport进一步解释和引申，再结合后面的But with these tips，your first manonthestreet interview experience can be easy可知，D项“对于新记者来说，这似乎是一项具有挑战性的任务”符合语境。
2018高三英语浙江专版一轮复习教师用书第1部分 必修5
Unit 3Life in the future[核心词汇]1．guide n．指导；向导；导游v t.指导；指引2．lack v t.&v i.缺乏；没有n.缺乏；短缺的东西3．switch n.开关；转换v t.转换4．greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的5．recycle v t.回收利用；再利用6．aspect n.方面；层面7．desert n.沙漠；荒原8．fasten v t.系牢；扎牢9．material n.原料；材料[拓展词汇]10．impress v t.给……以印象→impression n.印象；感想；印记→impressive adj.令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的11．constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly ad v. 不断地12．previous adj.在前的；早先的→previously ad v. 以前地13．certain adj.肯定的；有把握的→uncertain adj.不确切的，无把握的→certainty n.无疑；肯定14．surround v t.包围，围住→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n.周围的事物；环境15．adjust v t.调节；调整→adjustment n.调整；调节16．tolerate v t.容忍；忍受→tolerant adj.忍受的；宽容的→tolerance n.忍受；宽容；宽恕17．optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的→optimism n.乐观主义→pessimistic adj.悲观(主义)的18．instant adj.立刻的；立即的n.瞬间；片刻→instantly ad v. 立刻地conj. 一……就……19．settle v t.定居；解决→settlement n.定居；解决→settler n.移民；殖民者20．press n.按；压；印刷；新闻v i.&v t.按；压；逼迫→pressure n.压力1．take up拿起；接受；开始；继续2．be back on one's feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原3．lose sight of... 看不见……4．sweep up 打扫；横扫5．slide into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……6．speed up 加速7．remind sb.of... 使某人想起……8．be similar to 与……相似9．in all directions 四面八方10．show sb.around 带领某人参观……4.hungry and tired5.where点释3个考纲单词tolerate vt.容忍；忍受[小试身手]用所给动词的适当形式填空①In some experts' opinion，living conditions on the Mars are very hard(tolerate)．在一些专家的眼中，火星上的生活条件非常艰苦难以忍受。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书：第1部分 专题1 类型3 科普知识
类型3| 科普知识(2016·浙江10月卷·C)Digital technologyemail and smart phones especiallyhave vastly improved workers' ability to be productive outside of a traditional office.Even so，most whitecollar work still happens in an office.One reason is that，according to findings of a new survey(调查) of office workers conducted by Wakefield Research for the IT company Citrix，most bosses are doubtful about remote working.Half of the workers say their boss doesn't accept it and only 35 percent say it's tolerated.Skeptical bosses will likely have their doubts reinforced(加深) by the same survey，which shows that 43 percent of workers say they've watched TV or a movie while“working”remotely，while 35 percent have done housework，and 28 percent have cooked dinner.It is true，however，that working at home makes people much more efficient(高效的)，because it allows workers to take care of annoying housework while still getting their jobs done.It's much faster，for example，to shop for groceries at a quarter to three than to stand in line during the afterwork rush.The fact that such practices remain officially unaccepted reflects how far we haven't come as a society from the days when we expected every full-time worker to be supported by a full-time homemaker.More broadly the Wakefield survey suggests that employers may be missing a lowcost way to give workers something of value.Sixtyfour percent of those surveyparticipants who haven't worked remotely would rather give up some bonus in order to get even one day a week working from home.Under such circumstances，smart firms need to find ways to let their employees have enough flexibility to manage their time efficiently.28．Why do some employers hesitate to allow remote working?A．They fear losing control of their workers.B．They want to stick to their routine practice.C．They have little trust in modern technology.D．They are used to facetoface communication.29．What seems to be most workers' attitude toward remote working?A．Doubtful.B．Favorable.C．Reserved. D．Disapproving.30．What does the author suggest smart firms do?A．Shorten their office hours.B．Give employees a pay raise.C．Adopt flexible work patterns.D．Reduce their staff's workload.语篇解读：数字技术，特别是电子邮件和智能手机，使得人们可以在家远程办公。
高考英语浙江教师用书教师用书：专题五+书面表达2+层级三 题型应对策略+2+第二讲 读后续写+Word版含答案
第二讲读后续写一、命题特点读后续写是一种将阅读与写作紧密结合的考查形式，旨在考查考生的综合语言运用能力。
读后续写——给出前文，写后文。
理论上来说，前文用于阅读输入信息，信息经过大脑思维转换后，形成对前文的理解，理解一定是建立在确定主旨大意，明确前文作者态度和关键信息的前提下，在大脑思维中建立一个对前文的理解框架和概括，在此基础上，继续建立顺序思维，确定接下来在理解前文的基础上如何安排下面继续可能或者应该出现的内容，续写部分内容不仅要求词汇和语言框架的准确使用、语言的润色等，更重要的是，你要明白你应该如何整理续写内容，以使得其和前文形成统一连贯的、能够表述完整信息的表达内容。
续写是读和写的统一，之间穿插了对阅读能力、概括能力、思维转化能力、语言领悟能力、语言组织能力、创造性思维能力，以及对上下文逻辑关系的掌握等的考查。
续写对于前文文本的选择应该是脉络清晰，能够为不同层次考生根据不同能力确认主旨信息的文本。
前文的选择一定既要信息完整，可以提炼观点，又要为下面的续写留有余地，考验命题者的选文判断能力。
高质量地完成读后续写最重要的是要通过大量阅读信息的输入，形成一定的阅读思维能力。
沉淀思维，归纳信息，梳理脉络，转换思维，那么阅读的思维能力注定会迅速提升，对续写的前文的理解是这一题型的最关键部分，否则后面的续写就不会有任何形成思维的信息输入，也就谈不上输出了！多读，多思维，多沉淀，多拓展，这是应对读后续写的重要环节！二、题型特点读后续写的阅读材料一般以350词以内的记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，偶有少量议论文。
考生要在此文的后面接着续写约150词左右的文字与前文构成一个完整的故事。
一般来说，记叙文浅显易懂，但故事情节多曲折动人，故事线索的逻辑性也较强。
要求考生续写的部分多是故事发展的高潮或结局。
情节曲折跌宕，线索性和逻辑性较强。
考生要抓住故事的叙事线索，依据原文的写作思路续写文章，并适当发散。
写作要求考生在读懂原文的基础上，在规定时间内展开合理的想象，并运用所学的英语知识完成一篇约150词左右的续写。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书：第1部分 专题3 技法3 利用词语习惯搭配解题
技法3| 利用词语习惯搭配解题完形填空经常在文章中考查词语的习惯搭配，主要考查动词与名词、代词之间，动词、名词、形容词与介词之间的搭配。
熟悉并掌握固定搭配是解题的重要手段。
[例1] (2017·浙江6月卷)She had asked the government for 41 to move the books to a 42 place，but they refused.So Alia took matters into her own hands.41.A.permission B.confirmationC.explanationrmationrge B.publicC.distantD.safe解析：根据后面的but they refused可知，她想转移图书需要获得政府的许可(permission)。
ask for permission请求许可，故41题选A。
[例2] (2017·浙江6月卷) 43 ，she brought books home every night，44 her car late after work.Her friends came to 45 her when the war broke out.Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books.43.A.Fortunately B.SurprisinglyC.SeriouslyD.Secretly44.A.starting B.parkingC.fillingD.testing45.A.stop B.helpC.warnD.rescue46.A.intended B.pretendedC.happenedD.agreed解析：她的朋友阿妮斯同意(agreed)把图书藏在她的饭店里，agree to do sth.同意做某事，故46题选D。
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题2 技法3 依据全文或段落的“主题”线索(含解析)
技法3| 依据全文或段落的“主题”线索文章通常会围绕一个中心主题展开论述说明，这个主题一般位于文章的首段或末段，仔细阅读文章的首段和末段，就能快速抓住文章的主题，明白本文将探讨哪方面的内容，有利于我们归纳概括文章的标题或主题。
1．概括“论据”和“结论”，得出“论点”(2016·浙江10月卷)●34 Remember，they're there to help you be the best that you canbe.Respect them and value their opinions，even if they annoy you sometimes.35.Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.You don't get to choose your teachers or your family，but you still have to put up with them.Learn how to deal with people now，because when you're an adult，you don't get to choose your boss or your coworkers，so learn how to respect them now.C．Be nice to your parents and teachers.[思路分析]此处为段落主题句。
根据后面的Respect them and value their opinions和You don't get to choose your teachers or your family可概括出，本段的主要论点是“要对你的父母和老师好”。
2．根据“论据”推导出“论点”[考题回放](2015·全国卷Ⅰ)38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make betterchoices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.A．Learn to really trust yourself.[思路分析]空格位于句首，根据文章结构分析应是“论点”，根据空格后的句子“相信自己会……”可判定选A项(学会真正相信你自己)。
2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题3 类型5 生态环保 含解析
类型5| 生态环保(对应学生用书第70页)(2017·江苏高考卷)Old Problem，New ApproachesWhile clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life，global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions(排放)peak.So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today，we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change.Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.When it comes to adaptation，it is important to understand that climate change is a process.We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard，but to a constantly shifting set of conditions.This is why，in part at least，the US National Climate Assessment says that：“There is no ‘one-size_fits_all’adaptation．”Nevertheless，there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.Around the world，people are adapting in surprising ways，especially in some poor countries.Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades.Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster.His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries，schools，and health clinics，and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities.Rezwan is creating floating connectivity(连接)to replace flooded roads and highways.But he is also working at a far more fundamental level：his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds to preventstarvation during the wet season.Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken.Chewang Norphel lives in a mountainous region in India，where he is known as the Ice Man.The loss of glaciers(冰川)there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture.Without the glaciers，water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops.Norphel's inspiration came from seeing the waste of water over winter，when it was not needed.He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze，and was stored until the spring.His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(灌溉)water.Having created nine such ice reserves，Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200，000m3 of water.Climate change is a continuing process，so Norphel's ice reserves will not last forever.Warming will overtake them.But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will，perhaps，be able to find other means of adapting.Increasing Earth's reflectiveness can cool the planet.In southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses(which reflect light back to space)has changed the warming trend locally，and actually cooled the region.While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly，temperatures near the greenhouses have decreased.This example should act as an inspiration for all cities.By painting buildings white，cities may slow down the warming process.In Peru，local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the life-giving ice.The outcome is still far from clear.But the World Bank has included the project on its list of “100 ideas to save the planet”．More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere.A friend of mine owns an area of land in western Victoria.Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping.But during the past decade declining rainfall has allowed him to plant highly profitable crops.Farmers in many countries are also adapting like this—either by growing new produce，or by growing the same things differently.This is common sense.But some suggestions for adapting are not.When the polluting industries argue that we've lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt，it's a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways.But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution.After all，if we adapt in that way，we may avoid the need to change in so many others.1．The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies________．A．adaptation is an everchanging processB．the cost of adaptation varies with timeC．global warming affects adaptation formsD．adaptation to climate change is challenging2．What is special with regard to Rezwan's project?A．The project receives government support.B．Different organizations work with each other.C．His organization makes the best of a bad situation.D．The project connects flooded roads and highways.3．What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming?A．Storing ice for future use.B．Protecting the glaciers from melting.C．Changing the irrigation time.D．Postponing the melting of the glaciers.4．What do we learn from the Peru example?A．White paint is usually safe for buildings.B．The global warming trend cannot be stopped.C．This country is heating up too quickly.D．Sunlight reflection may relieve global warming.5．According to the author，polluting industries should________．A．adapt to carbon pollutionB．plant highly profitable cropsC．leave carbon emission aloneD．fight against carbon pollution6．What's the author's preferred solution to global warming?A．Setting up a new standard.B．Reducing carbon emission.C．Adapting to climate change.D．Monitoring polluting industries.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。
2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题5 第3讲 概要写作含解析
第3讲概要写作(对应学生用书第94页)概要写作作为浙江英语高考新题型，就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也称之为摘要。
写概要时，读者要把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。
这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达的，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
[选材特点]1．所需阅读的短文词数在350以内；2．所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
[评分参考]阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：1．对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；2．应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；3．上下文的连贯性；4．对各要点表达的独立性情况。
注意：理解准确，涵盖全部要求，完全使用自己的语言，准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇，得分相应比较高。
相反，如果概要写作部分出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象，得分档次将会大大降低；所写内容与所提供内容无关不得分。
[写作步骤]1．阅读首先要通读全文，对文章的体裁和大意有所了解。
阅读时要快速地找到主题句，以便抓住中心，理解全文。
学生还需要根据文章内容列出一个简单的提纲，以便在写作过程中不会遗漏要点，总结全面。
2．写出初稿在写作过程中，学生要注意词数要求，使用精炼的句子概括文章的要点，可以引用所给阅读材料的重要词语，但不可过多，否则便失去了概要的意义；学生还需谨记：概要必须全面、清晰地表达所给阅读材料的信息，客观、准确地反映所给阅读材料的真实意图，不可随意添加或增减内容。
3．修正定稿初稿完成后，要将其与所给阅读材料核对一遍，看原材料中的要点是否在概要中都得到了体现，语句间的衔接是否符合逻辑，同时还需要检查句子是否有错误，时态和语态的使用是否正确，标点、格式、大小写是否有误等。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书：第1部分 专题1 类型8 社会生活
类型8| 社会生活考查要点方法技巧1.社会生活中所遇到的各种机遇和挑战。
2．迎接机遇或挑战的观点和态度。
3．处理或解决问题的方式、方法。
4．人们工作、生活、社交的方式及其影响。
1.明确文章的体裁，把握文章的结构。
2．运用归纳概括等方法得出文章的主题。
3．明确事情的前因后果，找出问题的解决办法。
4．抓住诸多细节，推知文章的寓意。
(2017·浙江温州4月模拟)On Friday，March 13，28yearold Genovese was returning home from work.Approaching her apartment，she was attacked by a man.Though she repeatedly called for help，none of the people in the neighborhood helped.The attack began at 3：20 am，but it was not until 3：50 am that someone first called the police.This is a most typical example of the bystander effect in psychology.The term bystander effect refers to the phenomenon in which the greater the number of people present is，the less likely people are to help a person in need.Two major factors contribute to the bystander effect.First，the presence of other people creates diffusion (分散) of responsibility.With other observers around，individuals (个体) do not feel much pressure to take action，since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among those present.The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways.When other observers fail to react，individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed.Researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to act if the situation is ambiguous，where things are often confusing and not so clear.So what can you do to avoid falling into this trap? Psychologists suggest thatsimply being aware of this tendency is the greatest way to break the cycle.When you face a situation that requires action，you should understand the bystander effect and consciously(有意识地) take action.But what if you are the person in need of assistance? One oftenrecommended approach is to single out one person from the crowd.Make eye contact and ask that individual specifically for help.By individualizing your request，it becomes much harder for people to turn you down. 24．The story of Genovese is to show ．A．the bystander effectB．the murderer's crueltyC．the neighbors' selfishnessD．the poor public security25．Onlookers fail to take action because the situation is ．A．urgent B．dangerousC．tense D．vague26．What should you do when you need help from bystanders in an accident?A．Make a polite request.B．Turn to a specific person.C．Become aware of the tendency.D．Stay away from possible danger.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了旁观者效应。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书：第1部分 专题4 重点3 从句引导词 Word版含解析
重点3| 从句引导词Ⅰ.定语从句的关系词(关系代词和关系副词)用适当的从句引导词填空It was late one morning .I don 't remember what it was about ，but my husbandand I had a heated argument .I threw a few things in a small suitcase and left home ，not knowing where I was going .After driving in circles for several minutes ，I stopped at a shop to buy something .At that time ，my daughter called me and told me her dad was worried about me .But because my anger hadn 't left me ，I hung up the phone immediately .When I went to my car quickly afterfinishing my purchase ，I found a pieceof white paper stuck under mywindshield wiper(雨刮器).A truck pulled up beside me before I could see the words on the paper clearly .Hanging out of the window was my husband ，beside whom was my lovely daughter .That 's when I started laughing .Moved by them ，I laughed so hard that I cried .Although/Though I had made great efforts to run away from home ，the man who loved me managed to find me .(对应学生用书第77页)A(2017·浙江金丽衢十二校5月联考)Qing Ming Jie(All Souls ' Day)is a time to remember 1 dead .It is a major Chinese festival which 2 (fall)in early spring .It is an occasion for the whole family to leave the home and to sweep the graves of their forefathers .Qing Ming is popularly associated with Jie Zi Tui ， 3 lived in Shanxi Province in 600 B .C .Legend has it that Jie saved his starving lord 's life by serving a piece of 4 own leg .When the lord 5 (succeed) in becoming the ruler of a small kingdom ，he invited his faithful follower to join him .But Jie declined theinvitation， 6 (prefer) to lead a quiet life with his mother in the mountains.Believing that he could force Jie out by burning the mountains，the lord ordered his men to set the forest on fire.7 ，Jie chose to remain where he was and was burnt to 8 (die).To honor Jie，the“cold food feast day”began，when no fire could be lit.As time passed，the Qing Ming festival replaced the“cold food”festival.To make the festival even more 9 (meaning)，some time should be spent to remind the younger members of the family 10 contributions of their ancestors，and the story of Jie Zi Tui.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了中国传统节日——清明节的来历。
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题1 类型2 故事轶闻(含解析)
类型2| 故事轶闻考查要点方法技巧1.故事发生的背景、经过、结局。
2．情节、人物或事件之间的关系。
3．蕴含的哲理意义、风趣幽默。
1.理清叙事的顺序，是顺叙、倒叙还是插叙。
2．把握故事发生的主线，抓住情节、情感两条主线索。
3．领会故事细节与主题的关系。
(2016·浙江10月卷·A)Suddenly another thought went through Kate's mind like an electric shock.An express train was due to go past about thirty minutes later.If it were not stopped，that long train，full of passengers，would fall into the stream.“Someone must go to the station and warn the station-master，”Kate thought.But who was to go? She would have to go herself.There was no one else.In wind and rain she started on her difficult way.Soon she was at the bridge that crossed the Des Moines River，a bridge also built of wood，just like the bridge across Honey Creek.The storm had not washed this away，but there was no footpath across it.She would have to cross it by stepping from sleeper(枕木) to sleeper.With great care she began the dangerous crossing，sometimes on her hands and knees，hardly daring to look down between the sleepers into the wild flood waters below.If she should slip，she would fall between the sleepers，into the rapidly flowing stream.At last —she never knew how long it had taken her－she felt solid ground under her feet.But there was no time to rest.She still had to run more than half a mile and had only a few minutes left.Unless she reached the station before the express did，many，many lives would be lost.She did reach the station just as the train came into sight.Fortunately the station-master was standing outside.“The bridge is down! Stop the train! Oh，please stop it！” Kate shouted breathlessly.The stationmaster went pale.He rushed into the station building and came back with a signal light.He waved the red light as the train came into the station.It was not a second too early. 21．What did Kate decide to do?A．Stop the express train.B．Check the signal light.C．Meet the passengers. D．Visit the stationmaster.22．Which of the following words best describes Kate's journey?A．Fruitless.B．Boring.C.Wellplanned. D．Risky.23．Why did the station-master turn pale?A．He suddenly fell ill.B．He realized the danger.C．He discovered his mistake.D．He became overexcited.语篇解读：本文主要讲述的是在暴雨中一座铁路桥被冲垮了，凯特冒着巨大的危险将这个消息报告给火车站站长，及时避免了一场车毁人亡的灾难。
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题3 技法6 利用语法和句法结构解题(含解析)
技法6| 利用语法和句法结构解题完形填空会有个别设空是考查在语境中灵活运用所学语法和句法结构的能力，辨析同义词、近义词的能力。
正确分析句子的语法成分和结构，具备扎实的词汇基础知识是解题的关键。
[例1](2016·浙江10月卷)After a long 51 —he said yes.He thought he would make more money if he gave them 52 food.I asked him，“Did you fool the chickens？”51.A.silence B.absenceC.negotiationD.preparation52.A.heavy B.fresherC.lessD.solid解析：根据前面的make more money可知，他认为如果给它们更少(less)的食物，他就会挣到更多的钱，故52题选C。
[例2](2015·天津高考)We finally did and it was 20 at first sight.It was Our Home，small and charming，overlooking a quiet lake.Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners，a nice elderly couple，we felt the warmth and 21 of the marriage within that home.As perfect as it was，the price remained too high for us.But every day，we would sit by the lake，looking at the house and dreaming of 22 it would be like to live there.20.A.relief B.concernC.loveD.curiosity21.A.pride B.happinessC.challengeD.desire22.A.which B.whyC.thatD.what解析：21题考查词义辨析，由空前的warmth and可知此空应该填与warmth并列的词且都是表积极态度的词，选项中只有happiness符合，故选B。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书：第1部分 专题1 模式2 主旨大意题
模式2| 主旨大意题[例1](2017·浙江6月卷·A)Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camel's hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.…In the city，Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.The boy began a landscape (风景) painting.William Williams，a wellknown painter，came to see him work.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.The books were long and dull.Benjamin could read only a little，having been a poor student.But he later said，“Those two books were my companions by day，and under my pillow at night.”While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.21. What is the text mainly about?A．Benjamin's visit to Philadelphia.B．Williams' influence on Benjamin.C．The beginning of Benjamin's life as an artist.D．The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.21.C[考查主旨大意。
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题5 第2讲 读后续写(含解析)
第2讲读后续写【考情展示·考向预测】(对应学生用书第89页)读后续写作为浙江英语高考新题型，是一种常见的“给材料作文”，它要求学生在阅读完一篇还未写完的文章之后，根据所给出的开头语和关键词语把这篇未写完的文章补充完整。
读后续写要紧扣文章前文所述，去推想之后可能出现的情况，要展开合理、充分的想象，构思适当的情节，写成一篇完整的文章。
读后续写有助于培养学生的想象能力、创新思维能力和语言表达能力。
[选材特点]1．所需阅读的短文词数在350以内；2．多以记叙文故事类文章或者夹叙夹议类文章为主，故事情节有曲折、有起伏，但是，故事线索的逻辑性比较强。
[评分参考]阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：1．与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度；2．内容的丰富性和对所给关键词语的覆盖情况；3．应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性；4．上下文的连贯性。
注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右(词数少于130的，从总分中减去2分)；2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
[写作步骤]1．精读文章，确定文章线索，如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这有利于“顺藤摸瓜”。
2．仔细审题，明确续写要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示等，做到“心中有数”。
3．回扣原文，想象续写内容。
快速回读短文，揣摩文章的思路，结合段首的提示语和划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
4．拟写草稿，修改错词病句。
结合提示语和文中划线的关键词拟写出草稿，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，上下文的衔接。
5．标出所使用的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语，最后誊写文字时，务必做到“字迹工整、清晰”。
[方法技巧]1．掌握所给文章的主旨意图及故事情节的发展方向。
这点至关重要。
只有把握了文章的主旨意图，才能很好地完成续写。
2．正确理解故事的脉络线索和段落结构，设计续写内容的基本框架。
2018版高考英语二轮(浙江专用)教师用书：第1部分 专题1 类型1 人物传记
(对应学生用书第12页)类型1| 人物传记考查要点方法技巧1.人物最显著的性格、品德特征。
2．人物的重大、有影响的经历。
3．人物最杰出的功绩、贡献、成就。
4．人物成长的时代背景。
1.把握事件发生的时间、空间及顺序。
2．理清事情发生的背景、起因、过程及结果。
3．感悟人物的情感和心理活动。
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ·A)You probably know who Marie Curie was，but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below，who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(18601935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931，Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson (19071964)If it weren't for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O'Connor (1930present)When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School，in 1952，she could not find work at a law firm because she was awoman.She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and，in 1981，the first woman to join the U．S.Supreme Court.O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks (19132005)On December 1，1955，in Montgomery，Alabama，Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year，and kicked off the civilrights movement.“The only tired I was，was tired of giving in，” said Parks.21．What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A．Her social work.B．Her teaching skills.C．Her efforts to win a prize.D．Her community background.22．What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?A．Her lack of proper training in law.B．Her little work experience in court.C．The discrimination against women.D．The poor financial conditions.23．Who made a great contribution to the civilrights movement in the U．S.?A．Jane Addams.B．Rachel Carson.C．Sandra Day O'Connor.D．Rosa Parks.24．What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A．They are highly educated.B．They are truly creative.C．They are pioneers.D．They are peacelovers.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了100年以来历史上四位在不同领域做出杰出贡献的女性先驱。
浙江专用2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题2 技法1 依据“行文逻辑”线索(含解析)
技法1| 依据“行文逻辑”线索文章由段落组成，层次分明，错落有致，围绕中心话题展开。
各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系，有总分、解释、例证、并列、层递、转折、对比、因果关系等。
“七选五”阅读解题攻略之一就是要理清这些关系，并据此选出正确答案。
1．总分关系[考题回放](2014·全国卷Ⅱ)From my experience，there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often: ability，money，and time. 16 Money is a topic I'll save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule：B．Ability is easily improved.[思路分析]空格前面提到了三个原因：ability，money，time。
空格后面提到了money是作者改天再讨论的话题，紧接着后面提到了怎样充分利用time，所以这里应该与第一项ability有关。
2．解释关系[考题回放](2017·浙江6月卷)Hit the streets with confidence. 33 Say，“Excuse me，I work for XYZ News，and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.”This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.B．As you approach people，be polite.[思路分析]根据段落主题句Hit the streets with confidence和后面的Excuse me，...and I was wondering if...和get people to warm up to you可知，B项“当你接近别人时，要有礼貌”是对主题句的进一步解释和说明。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
第3讲概要写作(对应学生用书第94页)概要写作作为浙江英语高考新题型，就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也称之为摘要。
写概要时，读者要把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。
这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达的，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
[选材特点]1．所需阅读的短文词数在350以内；2．所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
[评分参考]阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：1．对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；2．应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；3．上下文的连贯性；4．对各要点表达的独立性情况。
注意：理解准确，涵盖全部要求，完全使用自己的语言，准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇，得分相应比较高。
相反，如果概要写作部分出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象，得分档次将会大大降低；所写内容与所提供内容无关不得分。
[写作步骤]1．阅读首先要通读全文，对文章的体裁和大意有所了解。
阅读时要快速地找到主题句，以便抓住中心，理解全文。
学生还需要根据文章内容列出一个简单的提纲，以便在写作过程中不会遗漏要点，总结全面。
2．写出初稿在写作过程中，学生要注意词数要求，使用精炼的句子概括文章的要点，可以引用所给阅读材料的重要词语，但不可过多，否则便失去了概要的意义；学生还需谨记：概要必须全面、清晰地表达所给阅读材料的信息，客观、准确地反映所给阅读材料的真实意图，不可随意添加或增减内容。
3．修正定稿初稿完成后，要将其与所给阅读材料核对一遍，看原材料中的要点是否在概要中都得到了体现，语句间的衔接是否符合逻辑，同时还需要检查句子是否有错误，时态和语态的使用是否正确，标点、格式、大小写是否有误等。
通过细致的修正与调整，力争使文章在各个方面都万无一失。
[方法技巧]1．议论文议论文类型的文章通常包括论点、论据和结论三部分，其关键是找出主题句或结论句。
因此写议论文的概要主要是找出主题句、支撑句和结论句。
若文中有一分为二的观点的，两种观点都要概括，不要漏掉其中一方的观点。
概要模板：论点＋论据(结论)。
议论文可用以下开头语：①The passage/author argues that...本文/作者主张……②The passage/author highlights the importance of...本文/作者强调了……的重要性。
③The passage/author discusses the impact of...本文/作者讨论了……的影响。
④The passage/author compares...with...本文/作者比较了……与……2．说明文此类文章通常会有中心句(多在首段)，写概要时要注意找出中心句，抓住关键词，然后重组文章的信息，用自己的话表述出来。
不同类型的说明文的几种参考模板：1)描写某事物的性质功用。
即“对象＋性质功用＋利好”：(In thepassage)the writer introduces...(对象)to us...(性质或功用)．..(对象带来的利好)2)针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。
即“问题＋解决方法”：Thepassage tells us...(问题)．..(方法1)．...(方法2)．..(方法3)3)介绍某现象及其原因和结果。
即“现象＋原因＋结果”：Theauthor/writer said/talks about...(现象)．..(原因本质1)．..(原因/本质2)．..(结果)说明文可用以下开头语：①According to the passage，we can know...根据文章我们可知……②This passage/article is mainly about...这篇文章主要是关于……③In the passage，the writer/author mainly tells us...在这篇文章中作者主要告诉我们……④A new study found...一个新的研究发现……⑤The purpose of the report is to show...这一报告的目的是表明……3．记叙文记叙文的概要，一般包括记叙文的六个要素：找出时间(when)，地点(where)，什么人(who)，做了什么事(what)，原因是什么(why)，结果怎么样(how)，也就是学生应先通读短文，找出这六个要素，然后用自己的话将这六个要素串成几句话即可。
当然，不一定每篇记叙文都包含这六个要素，但某人做了某事，结果如何是应当包括的。
如果是夹叙夹议的文章，作者对故事的内容发表了议论，或指出了故事给人们的启示的，我们概括时要加上这一内容。
因此，概要中一般应包括：1)谁做了什么？(who did what)2)结果怎么样？(what was the result)3)文章揭示了什么？(包括作者的看法、观点、感悟，或写作目的。
假如原文没有提及，概括时可以不写)记叙文可用以下开头语：①The passage/story is mainly about...本文/这个故事主要是关于……②The author tells us a story about...作者告诉我们一个关于……的故事。
③The passage is a story about...本文是一个关于……的故事。
④According to the passage，we know...根据短文，我们知道……[概要写作四项原则]1．概要写作时，一定要使用第三人称。
2．概要写作时，一定不可加入自己的观点。
3．概要写作时，一定不可对原文内容加以评论。
4．概要写作时，一定不要引入与原文内容无关的信息。
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing.However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths.By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom.So did the King of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way.Henry Ⅳ，King of France，was famously dirty.Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the King ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit (好处) of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century.Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health.Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea：Clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine.Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many firsttime parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist (免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter (后者) position is gaining some ground.【经典范文】People have mixed opinions about dirt on our skin.(要点1)For a long time in history，people of some European countries believed that dirt protected people from getting ill.(要点2)However，people began to change their attitudes towards dirt about 200 years ago.People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy.(要点3) Yet，some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system.(要点4)【范文点拨】(一)要点分析1．文章第一段就是本篇文章的主题句，点明了总的观点：“However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.”换句话说：“Dif ferent people have different attitudes towards dirt.”再结合下文谈到的主题可知“Different people have different attitudes towards dirt on the skin.”范文中的要点1“People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin.”概括非常精练。