雅思英语作文模板和词汇
50篇雅思小作文模板
50篇雅思小作文模板1. Technology in Education: The Benefits and Drawbacks。
2. The Impact of Social Media on Society。
3. The Importance of Learning a Second Language。
4. The Benefits of Traveling Abroad。
5. The Effects of Globalization on Culture。
6. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Shopping。
7. The Importance of Physical Exercise。
8. The Impact of Climate Change on the Environment。
9. The Benefits of Volunteering。
10. The Role of Government in Promoting Health。
11. The Effects of Stress on Mental Health。
12. The Importance of Time Management。
13. The Benefits of a Balanced Diet。
14. The Impact of Music on Emotions。
15. The Role of Family in Child Development。
16. The Effects of Technology on Communication。
17. The Benefits of Renewable Energy。
18. The Importance of Financial Literacy。
19. The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Society。
(完整word版)雅思写作必背短语以及精彩句型
雅思写作核心语料库Part 11 offer a sense of job satisfaction and security带来工作的满意感和安全感2lay a solid professional working experience 累积扎实的工作经验3 reduce/cut down expenditure 减少支出4increase/generate job opportunities创建就业时机6promote talent introduction and exchange促令人材的引进与沟通7keep skills fresh and up-to-date 保证技术的不落后9lay a solid foundation for 确立坚固的基础10 pave the way for the future/development 为将来摊平了道路11foster a sense of competition and cooperation培育合作感与竞争感 12cultivate the spirit of team working 培育团队合作精神13master interpersonal skills 掌握人及关系技巧 14widen one ’ s knowledge拓宽知识面15enrich one’ s social and life experience丰富社会与人生经历16enlarge one’ s view/broaden one’拓s宽horizon视线17realize the value of life 实现人生价值18surmount /overcome / win over /master difficulties 战胜困难19grasp good communication skills 掌握人际沟通技巧20remove misunderstanding and discrimination 除去误会与鄙视21keep balance between work and family 保持事业与家庭的均衡 22raise the standard of living提升生活水平25enrich people ’ s spiritual丰life富人们的精神生活26promote social skills and competence提升交际技巧与能力 27strengthen the family ties促使家庭团结28cultivate a strong sense of responsibility 培育激烈的责任感29bring joys and comforts to sb带来欢乐与舒坦30usher in a brand-new life-style引入崭新的生活方式31relieve the pressure of 缓解压力32maintain the community stability 保持社会的稳固33improve the utilization rate of energy resources提升能源的利用率34make full use of 充足利用35satisfy people ’ s needs/meet the demands of满people足人们的需求 36promote the development of relative industries促使有关家产的发展 37stimulate domestic needs刺激国内需求38 impel economic development促使经济的发展39generate jobs, income and tax revenues扩大就业时机，提升收入40enhance mutual understanding促使互相的理解41boost local development促使当地的发展42promote cultural exchange and cooperation促使文化的沟通与合作43enrich one’ s experience of丰life富人生经历44strengthen the ties with outside world增强与外面世界的联系 46foster a climate of peace and prosperity创建和平繁华的氛围 47stimulate our feelings of togetherness激发团结48maintain a natural balance 保持自然均衡 49reduce thelabor intensity 降低劳动强度50stimulate one’ s imagination and intereststh刺激人们的想象里与兴趣51accelerate the flow of information 加快信息的流动52prvide more business opportunities 供给商机53increase the productivity 提升生产力54create more opportunities for education创建受教育的时机55improve educational conditions 改良教育条件56release people from hard manual work令人们从沉重的体力劳动中解脱出来57speed up technical innovation 加快技术改革58better the development of human society完好人力资源的发展60bring immeasurable economic benefits 带来巨大的经济效益Part2 缺点1put sb or sth at risk 使---冒风险3be lack of a sense of job security 缺乏工作的安全感 4distract sb from doing sth 是某人从某事中分心5impose a heave strain on 来巨大的力 6beexaggerated and cheating夸张且欺的7be the invasion of privacy 入侵私8violate rights of free speech入侵言自由的利9endanger social stability and safety危害到社会的定与安全10restrain sb from doing 限制某人做某事14go astray 入歧路15undermine local culture 破当地文化16jeopardize the safety and stability of the society损坏社会的安全与定17set a bad example to立坏的榜18lead to the extinction of some species 致一些物种的 19resultin shortage of energy and natural resources致能源的欠缺21 to cause the estrangement/isolation/alienation between A and B 致了 A 与 B 之的疏22bring disgrace on sb ---来羞耻23suffer heavy losses 失沉重24easily cause stress-related illnesses简单致与力有关的疾病25lack basic infrastructures 缺乏基施26break the ecological balance破生均衡27lead to extravagant waste of public funds致公共金的极度浪28make⋯ in disorder 使杂乱30be harmful to our physical and mental and health害身心健康31lead to degradation of social atmosphere世日下32further widen the gaps between the rich and the poor 一步加大富之的差距 33be the drying up of our limited natural resources and the deterioration of the environment 有限的自然源的枯竭和境的化34contaminate environment 染境37 be a root of all evils 万恶之源38be easily taken in by 简单被欺诈39aggravate the traffic jams and worsen the crowdedness使交通拥塞和拥堵更加恶化40will pay a high price for this negative development of 为。
雅思写作Task1必备词汇
Task1必备词汇图表chart = graph = diagram直线line 曲线curve 柱bar /column 饼pie 表table = figures = statisticsthe thin（细线） / thick（粗线） / broken（虚线） / dotted（点线） line表明，表示，阐明show , give information about，reveal，indicate，demonstrate直线图类词汇(上升类动词)Increase------------ decrease (下降类动词)go up-------------- go downrise up-------------- fall downclimb-----------------slideascend --------------declinekeep an upward tendency ----keep a downward tendency波动动词类：fluctuatefluctuate upward / downward（波动向上/向下）保持平稳类动词：keep / remain / maintain / stayunchanged / constant / stable（形容词，不变的）修饰动词的副词：slightly 轻微地，slowly 缓慢地，gradually 逐渐地，steadily 稳定地，rapidly 迅速地，significantly 明显地，sharply 明显地，dramatically急剧地，修饰名词的形容词：slight, slow, gradual, steady, rapid, moderate, significant, sharp, dramatic大约，大概，左右类词汇：almost / approximately / around / roughly / more or less / nearly 时间from … to …/during the period/ between … and … / starting from ….曲线图类词汇峰值：peak (v. & n.) summit (v. & n.) highest point（n.）谷值：touch the bottom (v.) nadir (n.) lowest point(n.)稳定时期：constant（adj.）stable（adj.）stationary phase (n.)饼形图类词汇表“占有”的动词：share, occupy ，account for ，be in charge of ，be responsible for 主动be shared by，be occupied by，be in the charge of 被动“百分比”percentage , proportiona small percentage of … (20%)a quarter of …(25%)the minority of … (40%)half of …(50%)the majority of … (60%)three quarters of …(75%)most of … (80%)one-fifth / one-third基本句型：1occupies / accounts for the majority of A (x%).y% of A is shared by / is in the charge of 2.3 and4 are responsible for / in charge of the rest, with z% and w% respectively.倍数的表达方式Double 是两倍/大一倍Increase/decrease three times 增长/减少了三倍five times as much/many/big as…流程图/示意图/地图介绍段：The flow chart / diagram / map illustrates … The whole procedure can be divided into … stages.主体段(一般过渡：时间、顺序、目的)时间：to begin with, next, then, later, finally; at the same time顺序：the first stage involves … / in the second stage / in the third stage / in the last stage 目的：in order to / in order that; so as to / so thatArgumentationReport大作文如何开头S1 （背景）现如今，在当代in the present age today at present nowadaysin current society in contemporary society众所周知It is generally believed that….widely acceptedcommonly acknowledgedIt is popular/common belief that……越来越重要….plays an increasingly key/crucial/essential/important/significant role in……以惊人的速度向前发展…is advancing/developing at an amazing/rapid/accelerated speed in preaent-day society.…越来越流行…is increasing popular in the contemporary world.…彻底改变了我们的生活… has completely changed our lives.(负面背景)…的问题越来越严重The problems of … are becoming increasing severe/serious/worrying.S2 引出话题备用句型But in the meanwhile,… has become a highly debatable issue.But meanwhile, wheather …. is an issue open to debate.S3 转述观点可能会用到some people some some individualsthink believe say argue claimS4 自己的观点可能会用到As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the former/latter view.Speaking for myself, I think…Personally,….In my view,….第二段/第三段同义词替换：S1 There is no denying that…It is true that…It is obvious that…It is clear that…There is no doubt that…S2 –S5 First , Firstly , To begin withSecond , Secondly , Moreover , Furthermore , BesidesLastly , Finally , More importantlyTherefore ,thus , hence , consequently , as a result , as a consequenceS6,S7 In other word , By the I mean, In fact , As a matter of fact结尾段同义词S1 In summary to sum up In sum From the above analysis In conclusion S2 I am convinved that…I believe….单一主体Most high level jobs in the government are done by men. Some people believe that the government should encourage a certain percentage of these jobs to be reserved for women. To what extent do you agree or disagree?①Today, while more and more women are playing increasingly essential roles in modern society, it has to be noted that most high-level governmental jobs are still within men’s grasp. ②For this reason, some people propose that a certain percentage of such positions should be assigned to women.①From some people’s point of view, the practice may sound reasonable based on the following reasons.②First of all, it is beneficial for the women to bring their talents in certain fields into full play. ③It is widely accepted that women are generally more careful, patient and gifted in certain field like arts compared with their male counterparts and preserving some governmental positions related to such fields for them seems to be a decent idea. ④ Moreover, the move could be regarded as a sign of equality between men and women, which indicates the women’s value has been realized.①While the above reasons seem sounding, the negative side of the practice should never be overlooked. ② Firstly, the packed-schedule of a governmental top position is likely to make women become so busy with their job that their family lives are always neglected. ③ The fact that the majority of female top employees in the US government are either single or divorced serves as a convincing example. ④More importantly, the practice also harms certain capable male candidates’ interests and it is likely to make women to be more dependent on such preferential policies.①To sum up, it does bring benefits to the government if more women participate in certain fields of governmental positions. ②Such benefits, nevertheless, are based on the sacrifice of the women’s family lives and the interests of their male counterparts. ③So I think it is acceptable for the government to encourage women to commit themselves to some high level jobs, but on no account should we reserve them for women purposely. (306 words)双重观点：二选一结构Some people believe that developing countries should concentrate on improving industrial skills. Some people argue that developing countries should promote education first. Discuss the both viewpoints and give your own opinion.*At present, quite a number of developing countries always find themselves caught in a dilemma that whether they should regard the development of industrial skills or the promotion of education as their priority. ③ While it seems that both options have their reasons, I am in favor of the latter one personally.① Apparently, those who advocate the development of industrial skills do have their reasons to a certain extent.② They believe that compared with promoting education, laying stress on industry brings immediate economic return for developing countries more directly. ③The improvement of industrial skills, nevertheless,is simply of short-term interests. ④ Without sufficient talents, how long such economic prosperity could last is quite questionable.①While we have to admit that there is some element of truth in the above argument, the latter opinion, nevertheless, is more convincing to me.②Indeed, education costs a lot instead of bringing immediate economic return. ③The point should not be overlooked is that only by the promotion of education can we ensure the progress of the national strength in the long run. ④ A country that fully concentrates on the improvement of industrial skills, due to the lack of effective education, is likely to suffer from a huge lack of talents who have the ability to propel the society further forward.① From the above analyses, we can see that only by the progress of education can we lay a solid foundation for the long-term development for a developing country. ② For this reason, I believe that it is wiser to develop education first instead of industrial skills. (258 words)双重观点：改良模式Some people think that it is the responsibility of government to ensure that people have healthy lifestyle by taking compulsory measures. Others think people should be given the full freedom to make their lifestyle decisions. Discuss the both viewpoints and give your own opinion. (2008.3.29)② Some people hold that government should hold the full responsibility to make sure that people lead their lives in a healthy way. ③Others, however, argue that it is only the people themselves that can decide which lifestyle they pursue.① On one hand, the proposal sounds reasonable to a certain extent.② If government does take certain compulsory measures, for instance, banning all pubs and internet cafes in cities, it is possible that a number of people, especially teenagers who stay up late for parties or PC games, will have to discard their obsession and revert to a normal lifestyle. ③Nevertheless, it has to be pointed out that although the practice seems to be sounding, it is unlikely to solve the problem thoroughly. ④ For example, even if all the pubs and internet cafes are officially banned, chances are that those young people will still indulge themselves in unhealthy lifestyles playing PC games or throwing parties till midnight at home.①On the other hand, those who call for the freedom to choose their own lifestyles also have a point. ②Indeed, it would be a sign indicating that people’s freedom are fully recognized and respected if a government leaves the decision to people themselves. ③However, it should not be ignored that some young people who do lack self-control are possibly to be fully obsessed with self-indulgent lifestyles if the government virtually does nothing about it. ④ Such excessive freedom would turn out to be nothing but a curse.①From the above analysis, it could be noted that either viewpoint has obvious problems. ②In my opinion, the government needs to play a role in guiding people to live in a healthy way but it is never possible for the government to literally “ensure” that by taking compulsory measures. (292 words)论点可用论证方法1.举例说明For example For instance T ake (Consider)…as an example2.解释说明It means That is to say In other words3.因果论证因:as a result of due to owing to果:as a result as a consequence thus hence therefore4.比较与对比on the contrary in contrast by contrast on the other hand 5.让步与反驳Although while admittedly however nevertheless。
雅思介绍家乡的英语作文
雅思介绍家乡的英语作文(中英文版)Introducing my hometown for the IELTS essay is a delightful task, as it allows me to showcase the unique charm of the place I call home.Located in the eastern part of China, my hometown, Hangzhou, is renowned for its picturesque landscapes and profound cultural heritage.介绍家乡的雅思作文让我倍感愉悦，因为它让我有机会展示我称之为家的地方独特的魅力。
我的家乡位于中国东部，名叫杭州，以秀美的风景和深厚的文化遗产而闻名。
When writing about Hangzhou, one cannot omit the famous West Lake, a serene and enchanting body of water that has inspired poets and painters throughout history.The lake is surrounded by ancient temples, pagodas, and gardens, each contributing to the city"s captivating ambiance.在谈到杭州时，不得不提举世闻名的西湖。
这片宁静迷人的水域激发了历代诗人和画家的灵感。
西湖周边古寺庙、宝塔和花园林立，共同营造出这座城市迷人的氛围。
Another highlight of Hangzhou is its rich tea culture.As the birthplace of Longjing Tea, my hometown boasts a long history of tea cultivation and appreciation.The annual Tea Harvest Festival attracts numerous visitors who come to experience the art of tea picking and savor the delicate flavor of this world-famous beverage.杭州的另一大特色是其丰富的茶文化。
雅思信件作文万能模板
雅思信件作文万能模板第一段，开头。
Dear [姓氏],。
I am writing to you regarding [写作话题]. I hope this letter finds you well.第二段，表达观点。
In my opinion, [表达观点]. This is because [支持观点的理由]. For example, [举例说明].第三段，进一步论证观点。
Furthermore, [进一步论证观点]. This can be seen from [举例说明].第四段，表达不同观点。
However, it is also important to consider the opposing view. Some people believe that [反对观点]. They argue that [反对观点的理由]. Nevertheless, I still believe that [重申自己的观点].第五段，总结观点。
In conclusion, I strongly believe that [总结观点]. This is because [重申支持观点的理由]. I hope my points have been clear and persuasive.第六段，结束语。
Thank you for taking the time to read my letter. I look forward to hearing your thoughts on this matter.Yours sincerely,。
[你的姓名]以上是一篇雅思信件作文的万能模板，你可以根据具体的写作话题和观点进行相应的填充和修改。
希望对你的写作有所帮助。
祝你在雅思考试中取得优异的成绩！。
雅思英语作文万能模板范文
雅思英语作文万能模板范文英文回答：Task 1: Bar Chart。
Format:Paragraph 1: Introduction。
State the purpose of the report。
Paraphrase the title of the bar chart。
Provide a brief overview of the main trend(s)。
Paragraph 2: Body。
Compare the data points in each category。
Provide specific details and examples from thechart。
Use comparative adjectives (e.g., higher, lower) to describe differences。
Identify any notable changes or patterns。
Paragraph 3: Conclusion。
Summarize the main findings。
Restate the overall trend(s)。
Offer a brief interpretation or conclusion based on the data。
Example:Bar Chart: Tourist Arrivals in European Countries。
Introduction:This report presents the number of tourist arrivals in various European countries during the year 2023. Overall, there was a significant increase in tourism across most countries.Body:In 2023, France received the highest number of tourists, with approximately 80 million arrivals. This figure was substantially higher than the previous year, indicating a noticeable surge in tourism. Meanwhile, Spain experienced a slight increase, with around 70 million arrivals. Germany also saw a modest increase, welcoming approximately 60 million tourists.Conclusion:The bar chart clearly indicates a positive trend in tourism across European countries. France emerged as the most popular destination, while Spain and Germany also witnessed growth. These findings suggest that the tourism industry in Europe is recovering and thriving.Task 2: Essay。
雅思作文常用单词
观点与立场：Opinion: 观点Argue: 争论Support: 支持Oppose: 反对Persuade: 说服优点与缺点：Advantage: 优点Disadvantage: 缺点Merit: 优点，价值Demerit: 缺点，过失原因与结果：Cause: 原因Effect: 影响，结果Consequence: 后果Result: 结果趋势与变化：Trend: 趋势Tendency: 倾向Change: 改变Shift: 转变影响与重要性：Impact: 影响Influence: 影响Significance: 重要性Vital: 至关重要的社会与文化：Society: 社会Culture: 文化Tradition: 传统Custom: 习俗科技与发展：Technology: 科技Advance: 进步Development: 发展Innovation: 创新教育与学习：Education: 教育Learning: 学习Knowledge: 知识Skill: 技能环境与自然资源：Environment: 环境Conservation: 保护Pollution: 污染Resource: 资源经济与金融：Economy: 经济Finance: 金融Budget: 预算Investment: 投资政策与法规：Policy: 政策Law: 法律Regulation: 规章Enforce: 执行健康与生活方式：Health: 健康Lifestyle: 生活方式Fitness: 健康状况Exercise: 锻炼媒体与信息：Media: 媒体Information: 信息Internet: 互联网News: 新闻情感与态度：Emotion: 情感Attitude: 态度Optimistic: 乐观的Pessimistic: 悲观的解决方法与措施：Solution: 解决方案Measure: 措施Step: 步骤Implement: 实施。
雅思写作Task 2 范文
一．Some people contend（认为）that advertising has positive impact on society while others think it also has negative influence. Discuss.开头段⑴Advertising has become prevalent in the contemporary society and vast billboards, TV commercials and leaflets（传单）are all exerting profound impact on modern life. ⑵In the meantime, whether advertising is a blessing or a curse has sparked spirited (激烈的)debate. ⑶Some people argu e （认为）that advertising has only beneficial influence on our lives while many others contend that it has detrimental （有害的）effect as well. （改写原题观点，如果原题中只有一个观点，最好把相反的观点写出来。
）⑷Personally, I am in favor of the former (latter) view. （表示自己的观点）表示利与弊的英文：advantages and disadvantages strengths and weaknesses the upside and the downside / pros and cons / boons and banes主体段1Admittedly, advertising may also carry considerable potential drawbacks. ⑴To begin with, a vast number o f online advertisements may harm the Internet users’ lives. ⑵To illustrate, email spamming （群发）may fill up one’s email box with junk emails and worse yet, （递进）many of these junk emails could destroy PCs with viruses or Trojan horses. ⑶Moreover, a high percentage of advertisements in the media are misleading ones. ⑷Today, it seems that many drug companies give false information about their products, which has rendered （让……变成什么状态）a host of customers afraid to buy medicine.主体段2Despite this, advertising has brought numerous benefits. ⑴In the first place, advertisements inform us about the latest products on the market. ⑵In general, with the help of ads, customers can make shopping more economical and less time-consuming.⑶In the second place, elaborate （包含了很多劳动，变成了精心制作）advertisements can be a genuine art form. ⑷Indeed, instead of wasting our time, creative ads can afford us diverse amusements, thereby （后面是动名词）immensely brightening up our lives. ⑸Last but not least, some advertising in the media can motivate people to contribute to charities. ⑹As a matter of fact, I would be hard-pressed to imagine how charities can get enough funds without the help of non-profit ads. （我很难想象相反的事情发生）结尾段⑴In the final analysis, I concede that the proliferation （扩散）of the advertising industry does not come without any adverse effects. (概括让步段的观点)⑵However, the benefits created by advertising far outweigh the disadvantages. （说清楚自己更倾向的观点）⑶Overall, I am convinced that we should further promote the development of advertising and meanwhile get this industry better-regulated.二．Today PC games are very popular among teenagers. But some parents consider that these games are not instructive and that teenagers should be kept away from them. What do you think?As one of the products of modern technology, PC games have definitely become an indispensable part of most teenagers’ lives. Statistics show that teenagers are spending more time and money on entertainment items such as PC games than they did ten years ago. However, in my opinion, although PC games have certain positive effects such as giving teenagers relaxation and activating their imaginations, they have certain negative effects.First, PC games occupy the time when teenagers should be sitting in the classroom or studying in the library. The colorful pictures and vivid characters of PC games are far more exciting than the dull black letters in textbooks. Therefore, addiction to PC games is often accompanied by poor academic work.Furthermore, far from being instructive, some PC games contain violence and pornography, which are extremely harmful for the healthy growth of teenagers. It is said that most juvenile delinquents commit crimes just because their PC game heroes do so in a virtual-reality world.In addition, speaking from the physical aspect, PC games have contributed a lot to failing eyesight among teenagers in recent years.To sum up, despite their entertainment and relaxation values, PC games interfere with the education of teenagers. It would be better if teenagers could use such games in a more rational and controlled way, perhaps under the supervision of their parents.雅思考官九分范文Writing Task 2You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: Nowadays we are producing more and more rubbish. Why do you think this is happening? What can governments do to reduce the amount of rubbish produced?It is true that in almost every country today each family produces a large amount of waste every week. Most of the rubbish comes from the packaging of the things we buy, such as processed food. However, even if we buy food without packaging, we still produce rubbish from the plastic bags that are used everywhere.The first reason why we have so much packaging is that we consume so much more every day than families did in the past. Also, convenience is very important in modern life; therefore, we buy packaged food that can be transported over long distances and store it until we need it, at first in the supermarket, then at home.Further, the amount of waste produced is also a result of our habit of using something once and throw it away. We forget that even the cheapest plastic bag has used valuable resources and energy. Above all, we also forget that it is a source of pollution and difficult to dealwith.Therefore, I think that governments need to raise this awareness in the general public. Children should be educated about environmental issues at school while adults need to take action. Governments can encourage such action by collecting taxes on packaging, such as plastic bags and fining families and shops that do not try to recycle their Waste.。
新雅思考试写作范文(推荐十四篇)
雅思考试写作范文(推荐十四篇)5雅思考试写作范文(篇一)In recent years, there has been growing interest in therelationship between equality and personal people believe that individuals can achieve more inegalitarian societies. Others believe that high levels of personal achievement are possible only if individuals are free to succeed or fail according to their individual is your view of the relationship between equality and personal success?平等社会个人成就大；放任自由发展的社会个人成就大。
你认为呢?In my opinion, an egalitarian society is one in which everyone has the same rights and the same opportunities. I completely agree that people can achieve more in this kind of society.Education is an important factor with regard to personal success in life. I believe that all children should have access to free schooling, and higher education should be either free or affordable for all those who chose to pursue a university degree. In a society without free schooling or affordable higher education, only children and young adults from wealthier families would have access to the best learning opportunities, and they would therefore be better prepared for the job market. This kind of inequality would ensure the success of some but harm the prospects of others.I would argue that equal rights and opportunities are not in conflict with people's freedom to succeed or fail. In other words, equality does not mean that people lose their motivation to succeed, or that they are not allowed to fail. On the contrary, I believe that most people would feel more motivated to work hard and reach their potential if they thought that they lived in a fair society. Those who did not make the same effort would know that they had wastedtheir opportunity. Inequality, on the other hand, would be morelikely to demotivate people because they would know that the odds of success were stacked in favour of those from privileged backgrounds.In conclusion, it seems to me that there is a positive relationship between equality and personal success.【雅思考试满分作文范文【精选5篇】】雅思考试写作范文(篇二)对于第二段，将重点放在我自己的想法上，并用三点来进一步发展。
雅思小作文考官范文(精选6篇)
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雅思写作常用写作词汇
Nancy附录二十大话题教育类（education）pulsory education 义务教育2. vocational education 职业教育3. academic performance 学业表现4. non-academic affairs 与学习无关的事情5. puppy/ calf love 早恋6. corporal punishment 体罚7. tuition fee 学费8. parents’ supervision 父母的监督9. individual tutorship 个人辅导10. turning point 转折点11. the pursuit of knowledge 对知识的追求12. maintain / disrupt classroom order 维护、扰乱课堂秩序13. coeducational /single sex establishment 男女共校、单一性别学校14. generation gap 代沟15. indulge in 沉迷（表示“溺爱” 后面直接加宾语）16. play truant 逃学17. school shootings 校园枪击18. broaden one’s horizons 开阔视野19. the hardship and bitterness of life 生活的艰辛和苦难20. appropriate advice and guidance 恰当的建议和指导21. cultivate independence 培养独立性22. a good habit of frugality 节约的好习惯23. distinguish right from wrong 明辨是非24. shoulder the responsibility of 肩负…… 的责任25. be prone to do 容易做某事26. go astray 误入歧途27. violate social conventions and laws 违反社会习俗和法律28. cast a shadow on one’s heart 在心中留下阴影29. resist the temptation of 抵制……的诱惑30. interpersonal skills 人际交往的技巧31. peer pressure 同辈的压力32. formative years 性格形成期33. physically and emotionally immature 身心不成熟34. a sense of superiority 优越感35.socially adaptable 能适应社会的36. adjust teaching methods 调整教学方法37. exert a negative impact on 产生消极影响38. juvenile crime=juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪juvenile delinquent 青少年犯罪者39. a sense of belonging 归属感40. qualified and experienced teachers 称职、有经验的老师41. first class teaching facilities 一流的教学设施42. education reform 教育改革科技类（science and technology）1.artificial intelligence 人工智能（artificial 人工的、人造的、非天然的）2.side effects 副作用3.technological revolution 科技革命4.nuclear weapons 核武器5.soil degradation 土壤退化6.industrial mass-production 工业化大生产7.enhance working efficiency and productivity 增强工作效率和生产力8.substitute for humans 替代人类9.intelligent machines 智能机器10.humanization 人性化11.unnerving problems 令人不安的问题12.eye-friendly 对眼睛无害的13.electronic innovation 电子革新14.global village 地球村15.industrial revolution 工业革命16.mechanization 机械化17.automation 自动化18.scientific discovery 科学发现19.cloning technology 克隆技术20.replica of an individual organ 人体器官的复制品an transplant 移植器官22.genetic defect 基因缺陷~ engineering 基因工程~ code 基因密码~ variability 基因变异23.ethically and morally wrong 有悖伦理道德24.space exploration 太空探索25.Global Positioning Systems 全球定位系统26.nanotechnology 纳米技术27.impersonal device 非人性化的设备环境资源类（environment and resources）1.environmental protection (conservation)环境保护environmental conservationist 环保主义者2.human activities 人类活动3.city dwellers 城市居民4.traffic congestion /traffic jam交通堵塞heavy traffic 形容交通拥挤5.disposable products 一次性用品ndfill 垃圾填埋场7.litter collection and disposal 垃圾收集和处理8.deforestation 砍伐森林9.greenhouse effect 温室效应10.acid rain 酸雨11.sand storm 沙尘暴12.solar energy 太阳能13.ban on plastic bags 禁塑令14.maintain the ecological balance 维持生态平衡15.eco-friendly/environmental friendly环保的16.natural disaster 自然灾害17.a natural evolutionary process 自然进化的过程18.short-term profit 短期利益19.sustainable development 可持续发展20.food chain 食物链21.diversity of life 生物多样性22.endangered species 濒危灭绝23.ozone layer 臭氧层24.forceful law and regulations 有力的法律法规25.raise people’s environmental awareness 增强人们的环境意识26.non-profit advertisement 公益广告27.dispose of the rubbish 处理垃圾28.the deterioration of the environment 环境恶化29.animal right activists 动物权益保护者30.wildlife preservation 野生动物保护31.survival of the fittest 适者生存32.turn a blind eye to 视而不见turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻政府类（government）ernment administration 政府管理2.national defense 国防3.high levels of secrecy 高度机密4.financial strength 财力national revenue 国家财政收入national purse support 国家财政支持5.expand domestic demand/ need 扩大内需6.social undertaking 社会事业7.national public health system 全国公共卫生体系8.infrastructure 基础设施9.pilot project 试点项目10.feasible plan 可行的计划11.institutional innovation 体制创新12.economic return 经济效益13.financial crisis 金融危机(economic downturn / slowdown/ slump/ depression/)14.foreign direct investment 外商直接投资15.supporting measures 配套措施16.income gap 收入差距17.promote all-round, balanced and sustainable development of the economy and society 推动经济社会全面、协调、可持续发展ernment mechanism 政府机制19.reduce expenditure 减少开支curtail (vt) 削减20.a beneficial economic cycle 良性经济循环21.expand intra-county economics 壮大县域经济22.carry out the process of urbanization 推动城镇化23.public fitness program 公共健身运动bat the threat of violence to the general public 与对公众产生暴力的威胁斗争25.the true portrayal of what is happening around 是发生在周围事件的真实描绘26.strict regulation严格控制27.non-government sources 非政府渠道28.unshakeable duty （工作上）无法逃避的责任29.both financially and spiritually 经济上和精神上的30.put forward a number of possible solutions 提出一些可行的解决方法31.satellite towns 卫星城镇32.preferential policies to promote the construction of high-rise apartment buildings 优惠政策推动高层公寓住房的修建33.rapid depletion of social security fund and strained financial resources 社会保障资金的快速消耗和紧张的财政资源34.be overly financially dependent 过度的经济依赖35.physical inferiority 体力不支36.pension fund 养老金pension scheme 养老计划37.to downsize government budget 缩减政府预算38.shoulder the share of responsibility 承担共同的责任39.be better off 情况更好40.medical and educational service 医疗和教育服务41.to give top priority 列为重点42.a fair shake 一视同仁43.low-hanging fruit 容易实现的目标44.authorities 当局45.regulate/ administer/ oversee (vt.) 规范，管理46.implement 实施vt.47.legislate（vi）/ make laws 立法48.a democratic and progressive government 民主与开放的政府49.strictly prohibit/ ban v 严禁50.Stringent laws/ legislation 严格的法律51.rules and regulations 规章制度52.allocate money to sth/ subsidize (vt.)/ be a patron of / invest in/ finance(vt)/ fund(vt.)/ dedicate money to sth 为。
雅思写作万能模板
说明一物的利弊1、AAA has improved the quality of our lives and are playing an important role in our daily life. The benefits AAA brings to us are far more than its disadvantages. However, we cannot ignore its problem.2、On the positive side, AAA has enabled us to (1)此处填入 AAA 的优势之一。
For instance, ( 2 )举例说明优势之一。
Besides, (3)AAA 的优势之二。
Nowadays, (4)举例说明优势之二。
In addition, ( 5 ) AAA的优势之三。
3、On the negative side, (6)此处填入 AAA 的劣势之一。
For example,(7)举例说明劣势之一。
Besides,(8)AAA 的劣势之二。
Furthermore,(9)AAA 的劣势之三。
4、All in all, we can not live without AAA for the conveniences it brings to us, but we should also be aware of the negative effects it creates on the modern life.分析型1、Recently the...has been brought into focus...Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible. In this essay, I aim to explore this complicated phenomenon from diverse perspectives, identify the relevant contributing factors and bring up some effective measures.2、As far as I am concerned, an array of integrated factors contributes to the ...The first role that should be blamed is...Another equally important factor lies in… Last but not least...3、A s a matter of fact, ...gives rise to a host of problems, such as...Confronted with such a thorny issue, people come up with a variety of constructive countermeasures. Personally, the following are worth recommendation...4、When everyone is fully aware of the severity and take feasible measures, I firmly believe...一面倒1、.NO invention has received more praises and abuses than cars…Now there is a growing awareness over traffic safety.2、A lthough some people acclaim that…I am still prone to go along with the other side based on the following sound reasons...3、To embark on it, it comes as the first problem that...4、Should it remain unable to unfold my perspectives, it'll come as reinforcement that…5、It is indisputable that nowhere in history has...been more visible. As far as I am concerned…TASK 1(一)信息描述或数据比较1、The graph illustrates (1)总体介绍图表情况。
雅思英语作文写作模板
雅思英语作文写作模板英文回答：Introduction。
The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) is a standardized English language proficiency test designed for non-native English speakers who wish to study, migrate, or work in a country where English is the primary language of communication. IELTS is jointly managed by the British Council, IDP Education, and Cambridge English Language Assessment.IELTS Writing。
The IELTS Writing module assesses the test taker's ability to produce coherent, well-structured, and grammatically correct written responses in both Academic and General Training formats. The Academic Writing moduleis designed for students applying to higher educationprograms, while the General Training module is tailored to individuals seeking employment or migration opportunities.IELTS Writing Task 1。
雅思小作文常用词汇和套句汇总
雅思小作文常用词汇和套句汇总Ⅰ、开头结尾段常用词汇句型一、开头段常用词汇： “显示”“表明”“说明”————show, show,give, reveal, present, describe, depict, demonstrate, illustrate, indicate, reflect 。
领域领域 area/aspect/field/region/sphere area/aspect/field/region/sphere二、开头常用句式1. 根据这幅图我们可以看出According to the chart, it is clear that…2. 这幅图描述了…在…（时间起始）的数量变化 the chart shows the changes in the number of sth. over the period from … to …(between…and…)3. 从这幅图我们看到从从这幅图我们看到从......到到....的数据变化的数据变化的数据变化 the thechart shows the changes in the number of sth. over the period from… to …三、结尾常用句式在研究了这幅图之后，在研究了这幅图之后，我们了解到我们了解到我们了解到 when whenwe study the chart, it is apparent that1) We can conclude from the table that...2) In short ( = In brief), ...3) In conclusion, ...4) To conclude, it seems clear that...5) From the table/diagram, we can see... 6) As can be seen from the chart/table/diagram, ...7) It is clear/apparent from the chart/graph/table/diagram that...Ⅱ、各种图表常见词汇及句型一、饼状图（Pie chart ）1. 常用词常用词1)名词：名词：◆percentage 百分比◆proportion 份额份额2)动词：动词：占：Comprise ,make up, constitute, account for, take up ，consume 占(份额), occupy, composeis divided into…parts 分为……部分部分consist of/ be comprised of 由…构成 consume the larges/smallest portion 占最大/小的份额小的份额与…相比较compare/comparison/by contrast/ in sharp contrast to 比…多outnumber/exceed 3）短语及副词）短语及副词与…相反on the contrary 几分之几几分之几one half/ one third/ one fifth/ two thirds/ two fifths 大约、大概大约、大概about/around/almost/nearly/roughly/approximately 分别/各自各自respectively 与…相比：Compared with ，compared to ，in comparison with ，in comparison to ，by comparison with ，by comparison to2. 常用套句常用套句1)The graph, presented in a pie chart, 1)The graph, presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in…shows the general trend in…该图以饼图形式描述了……总的趋势。
雅思写作各大话题词汇汇总
雅思写作各大话题词汇汇总教育：知识+能力褒义万能理由acquire/gain/be informed of knowledge 获取知识widen one's scope of knowledge 拓展知识面have quick and easy access to something 快速接触到某物cultivate/nurture/foster skills/ability/competence 培养能力promote/accelerate the development of...促进发展motivate/drive sb. to do... 促使某人做某事improve/enhance one's physical/mental health 改善身心健康stimulate/arouse/raise one's interest in 激发某人在…的兴趣tap one’s interest in 开发某人在…的兴趣relieve/release/ease stress/pressure缓解/释放压力boost/enhance efficiency 提高效率fulfill one's potential 发展潜能tap one’s potential 挖掘潜能integrate theory with practice 理论与实践相结合set/provide a solid foundation for 为...打下坚实的基础prepare oneself for future life/career为未来生活/职业做好准备adapt/adjust/accommodate oneself to new environment/change适应环境/变化Increase their employability 增强就业适应能力cope with the fierce/intense competition 应对激烈的竞争Raise competitiveness 提升竞争力Expand social circle扩大交际圈Develop one’s ability to adapt to the society培养某人适应社会的能力Rekindle students` enthusiasm about…重新点燃学生们对于...的热情strengthen students` willpower 锻炼学生们的意志力Keep skills fresh and up-to-date 使得技能可以与时俱进Become outstanding/prominent 脱颖而出Become proficient in reading and writing skills 熟练地掌握读写技能Improve their analytical skills 提高他们的分析能力Sharpen their skill 强化技能Help students to grasp a wide range of skills 帮助学生掌握广泛的技能Hone their problem-solving skills 提升它们解决问题的能力Promote students’ intellectual growth 促进学生思维能力发展Develop their observation skills 发展观察能力Foster students’ critical thinking abilities 培养学生的辩证思维能力Increase their logical thinking skills 增进逻辑思维能力Encourage and nurture their creative development and imagination 鼓励培养他们创造力和想象力Enhance their interpersonal communication skills 提升人际沟通能力Equip them with employment skills 装备就业技能Increase their employ-ability 增进它们的就业适应性Improve their career prospects after graduation 提升学生毕业之后的职业发展前景Find a decent job 找到体面的工作Develop self-discipline 发展自制力Enhance comprehensive quality 提高综合素质Develop their skills (thinking and learning skills; problem-solving skills, social skills, communication skills, cooperating skills; creative ability, artistic skills) 发展他们的技能(思考和学习能力；解决问题的能力；社交能力；交流能力；合作；创新；艺术)Improve their academic skills 提高他们的学术技能Gain/lack practical experience 获得/缺乏实践经验Lack self-discipline 缺乏自我约束力Increase/enhance their independence 增强独立性Develop good learning habits 形成良好的习惯Boost their life skills 提升他们的生活技能Teach their children good manners 教给孩子良好的举止Meet/satisfy students’ needs/demands满足学生的需要boost children's confidence 提升自信sharpen one' employment skills 强化就业技能Shape one’s character 养成良好的性格Boost their life skills 提升他们的生活技能broaden one's knowledge and open one's view 拓展知识和开拓视野better prepare themselves for future life 为将来的生活做好更好的准备face the challenge 面对挑战cope with the fierce/intense competition 应对激烈的竞争give equal education opportunities to economically-disadvantaged students 给贫穷的学生提供平等的教育机会have a good grasp of lessons 很好地掌握课堂知识have a good mastery of communication skills 熟练掌握交流技能strengthen adaptability 提升适应性advance their career 促进他们的职业发展strengthen one’s operative skills 提高操作技能boost their life skills 提升他们的生活技能enhance comprehensive quality 提高综合素质receive quality education 接受素质教育贬义万能理由：耗时间idle away their time破坏孩子的身体/心理健康damage theirphysical/psychological well-being 分散学生的注意力distract students from...沉迷于be addicted to/be indulged in/ indulge oneself in /be obsessed with 加重学习压力intensify academic pressure 让孩子们变得软弱weaken children`s willpower削弱学生对于...的兴趣sap/ dampen students` interest in浪费孩子的潜力waste youngsters` potential导致理论与实践相脱节disconnect theory from practice扼杀/伤害创造力stifle/undermine creativity降低效率lower/diminish efficiency让学生产生挫败感frustrate students让学生疲惫不堪make students exhausted变得消极/失去动力get demotivated失去个性lose individuality伤害他们的自尊damage their self-esteem削弱他们的信心diminish their self-confidence教育话题其他必备表达:高等教育high-level/university/tertiary education初级教育low-level/elementary/primary education义务教育compulsory education应试教育exam-oriented education素质教育quality-oriented education全面发展的教育education for all-round development环境话题Solutionconserve resources 节约资源preserve the environment 保护环境promote sustainable development 促进可持续发展raise / elevate citizen`s awareness of 提高公民的…意识harness natural resources开发自然资源enrich biodiversity 丰富生物多样性reduce car emissions 减少尾气排放recycle something 循环利用某物renewable energy可再生资源non-renewable energy不可再生资源degradable materials可降解的材料shoulder one`s responsibility 承担责任protect/preserve wild animals 保护野生动物use resources properly 正确利用资源support and encourage the use of sustainable energy sources 支持并鼓励使用具有可持续性的能源reduce global dependence on fossil fuels 减少全球对化石燃料的依赖Achieve a higher level of environmental development 在发展过程当中实现更高程度的环境可持续性reduce private car use 减少对私家车的使用Reduce the excessive reliance on fossil fuels 减少对化石燃料的过渡依赖Control industrial pollution 控制工业污染develop clean energy projects发展清洁能源工程Formulate some related policies and rules and regulations 制定相关政策和法律法规Issue/launch environment-related laws出台环境相关的法律Regulate one’s behavior规范人们的行为Raise public’s green awareness 提高环保意识Reduce greenhouse gas emission 减少温室气体的排放Reduce our dependence on private cars 减少我们对私家车的依赖Walk or cycle to and from work 步行或骑自行车上下班Raise/arouse/evoke public awareness/consciousness of environmental issues 提高/唤醒公众对于环境问题的意识Increase the public`s environmental awareness 提高公众的环境意识Environmental education campaigns 大规模的环境教育宣传活动Media coverage of environmental issues 媒体对于环境问题的报道Be educated about environmental issues at school 在学校里接受关于环境问题的教育Public education programs on environmental protection 关于环境保护的公众教育项目arouse/evoke people's consciousness of environmental protection 唤醒人们的环境保护意识guarantee the sustainable development 保证可持续发展correct our near-sightedness 改正我们的短见develop renewable / alternative / cleaner / greener energy 发展可再生（清洁）能源launch environment-related laws 建立环境相关的法律enforce strict laws and regulations 实施严格的法律法规recyclable materials 可重复利用的材料non-renewable sources 不可再生资源degradable materials 可降解的材料环境话题Problems/Reasons消耗资源consume/ deplete resources严重破坏环境ruin/ devastate the environment环境恶化the deterioration of environment以生态为代价发展经济push forward the economy at the expense of ecosystem滥用自然资源misuse natural resources使生态系统恶化aggravate the ecosystem威胁生物多样性jeopardize biodiversity忽视尾气问题overlook the emission problem扔掉某物throw something away逃避某人的责任shirk one`s responsibility威胁野生动物的生存endanger wild animals耗尽资源use up /exhaust人类活动对自然资源构成压力human activities put pressure on natural resources对自然资源构成严重的压力put a severe strain on natural resources对于某事物的需求已经远远超过了供给the demand for...has far exceeded the supply过度地开采自然资源over-exploit natural resources正在以不具有可持续性的速度被消耗be depleted at an unsustainable rate对于自然资源快速上升的需求the rapidly rising demand for natural resources 破坏环境harm/damage/ do harm to the environment威胁到环境pose a threat to／threaten the environment环境的恶化the deterioration of the environment对化石能源的过渡依赖an excessive dependence on fossil fuels 见证污染能源的衰竭witness the sudden collapse of dirty energy逆转对河流和森林的伤害reverse the damage to the rivers and forests暴露在污染中会威胁健康the exposure to pollution pose a threat to health导致可怕的后果lead to dire consequences让地球变得不那么适于居住make the planet less habitable for our species对生态系统的破坏是不可逆转的the damage to the ecosystemis irreversible 对生态系统产生极其严重的破坏have devastating effects on the ecosystem工作类seize employment就业hunt jobs 找工作succeed in finding decent jobs 成功找到体面的工作get a well-paid job 找到高薪工作have access to a larger social circle 能够通往更大的社交圈promote job satisfaction 提高工作满意度fulfill/realize their ambitions 实现他们的梦想gain a sense of fulfillment 收获充实感live／lead a comfortable life 过着舒服的生活cover living expenses 支付生活费enter the workforce 参加工作adapt to the workplace 适应职场manage to overcome the difficulties 成功克服问题keep pace with the relentless urbanization 跟上快速的城市化进程high employment rate has far-reaching effects. 高的就业率有深远的影响。
雅思写作核心词汇总结（全）
雅思写作核心词汇总结（全）写作核心词汇总结交通类1. automobile industry 汽车工业2. boost the economic development 促进经济发展promote3. levy the tax 征税raise，impose4. modernization 现代化5. be viewed as … 被视为是…Automobile industry which boosts the economic development is viewed as the symbol of modernization.6. be concerned about … 对…担忧/关注…7. pollution-free fuel petrol 无污染燃料environment friendly8. luxury 奢侈品goods9. chronic lead poisoning 慢性铅中毒10. fill… with …使…充斥着11. popularization of cars 汽车普及12. lay more emphasis on… 把重心放在…13. observe traffic regulations 遵守交通规则14. break traffic regulations 违反交通规则15. get stuck in traffic 遇上堵车16. rush hour 上下班高峰时间off-peak17. ease the traffic pressure 缓解交通压力18. pedestrian 行人19. pavement 人行道20. zebra crossing 斑马线21. over speed 超速行驶22. bottleneck 交通堵塞地区23. settle down effective laws 制定出积极有效的法律24. impose restrictions on … 对…实施限制25. short-sighted 目光短浅的26. non-renewable resources 不可再生资源27. carbon dioxide 二氧化碳28. a pillar industry 支柱产业29. make full use of … 充分利用solar power30. road networks 公路网31. speed limits 限速32. enhance the quality of life Promote，boost 提高生活质量living standard33. pay a heavy price 付出惨痛的代价34. promote the development of relative industries 促进相关产业发展35. traffic engineering 交通运输工程36. the increasing number of car ownership 汽车拥有量增加37. call for … 需要…The government to introduce policies which are effective/practical and efficient.38. overcrowded 过度拥挤的39. violator 违规者40. headache 令人头痛的事41. traffic accidents 交通事故42. head-way 进展43. conflic t with … 与…相冲突crisis44. major /main cause 主要原因45. be replaced by … 被…所取代46. provide convenience for … 为…提供便利47. curb… 限制…bean curd，方块48. dilemma 进退两难49. encourage somebody to do something鼓励某人去做某事50. energy-saving 节能的time-consuming ,money-saving社会类1. urbanization 城市化rural2. centralization 集中化3. imbalance 不平衡4. in the long run 从长远角度而言5. infrastructure 基础设施Construction of6. booming 繁荣发展的baby booming7. tertiary industry 第三产业8. tranquility 宁静9. revenue 税收cost outweigh levy, raise, impose meet10. commercialization 商业化Mercury11. traffic congestion 交通拥挤overcrowded12. water scarcity 水短缺drought13. the environmental pollution 环境污染14. over-industrialization 过度工业化15. over-crowdedness 过度拥挤16. unemployment 失业rate17. wealth distribution 财富分配The Principle of 20/80 indicates that….18. social instability 社会动荡19. urban construction 城市建设20. population explosion 人口激增The increasing number of population，21. a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升22. drain of energy and resources能源和资源消耗23. offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会24. a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活Contribute to25. stress-related illnesses与压力有关的疾病26. high cost of living 高额生活费用27. pastoral life 田园生活28. class polarization 阶级两极分化Koala bear29. social welfare 社会福利30. give special care to …给予…特殊关照31. urban sprawl 城市扩张32. convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具mean girl33. better medical services 更好的医疗服务34. pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力35. be vulnerable to …易于患上…fragile36. melting pot 熔炉37. on the brink of … 处于…边缘Edgy38. pollutant 污染性物质39. waste disposal 废物处理40. put the blame on … 归咎于…41. be attributable to … 归因为…42. ways of consumption 消费方式43. suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失44. citizen 居民netizen45. be confronted with… 面临着…46. breed crimes 滋生犯罪47. vicious cycle 恶性循环48. a feasible measure/ meanPractical一种可行的措施people in need49. give priority to … 优先考虑…50.city planners 城市规划者Foodsour and sweet fishCuisinespicy foodlow in fatchopsticksknife and forkhigh in fatrich in vitamin C Aussie kiwifruit mangococktailvinegar and olive oilChinese saladHerbs，seasonI’m allergic to sthIt tastes funny.BitterStewSteamed breadStir fried chichen/beef/Hot potbakeT-boneYummyTaste good/ fantastic Cheese and cream Tastes good but smells smelly. Nutrition Hygienic and healthy SpecialChef recommendationMusicMelodylyricsToneHeavy metalDrumsSymphony，orchestra Harmony，released and refreshedPopCountry musicJazzFolkClassicChordInstrumentConcertLove songs，sad songsnc-beijingjiaoxue-w@/doc/9b6910530.html, 媒体类1. paparazzi 狗仔队2. mass media 大众媒体3. entertainment 娱乐4. journalism 新闻业5. journal 期刊6. the latest news 最新消息7. exclusive news 独家新闻8. news agency 新闻社9. news block out 新闻封锁10. news censorship 新闻审查11. freedom of the press新闻自由12. news coverage 新闻报道13. do reportage on … 报导…14. hit the headlines 上头条15. issue 出版、发行16. newsstand 报摊17. free-lancer writer 自由撰稿人18. chief editor 总编CEO chief executive officerCFO19. editorial 社论20. newsworthy 值得报道的It doesn’t worth it.21. barometer 晴雨表22. the barometer of public opinion舆论的晴雨表23. live broadcast 直播On the air24. quiz show 智力竞争节目25. game show 游戏节目26. variety show 综合节目gala27. talk show 脱口秀Opera，28. sitcom 情景喜剧29. soap opera 肥皂剧30. movie star 电影明星31. movie king 影帝32. movie queen 影后33. affair 绯闻have affair34. celebrity 名人Celebrate35. fame 名声36. rise to fame 声名鹊起37. fans 粉丝38. invade one’s privacy 侵扰了…的隐私39. misleading 误导性的40. cheating 欺骗性的41. popularity 知名度42. scandal 丑闻43. sensational 轰动的44. prevalent 普遍的、流行的45. imperative 重要的、必要的Important，significant Principle46. audience ratings 收视率47. propaganda 宣传brain washing48. be abducted by 受…诱导49. purify one’s soul净化心灵Soulmate50. live in a virtual world生活在一个虚拟世界中51. be a great comfort to somebody对…来说是一个巨大安慰52. meet different tastes满足不同口味53. provide somebody with something 给…提供…54. follow the fashion blindly盲目追逐时尚Set up / arrange Blind date55. commit crimes 犯罪56. be inconceivable to somebody对…来说是难以想象的57. impressive 给人印象深刻的58. right to know 知情权59. in the disguise of… 打着…的幌子White lieSplit60. endanger social stability and safety危害社会稳定和安全媒体类二1. information era 信息时代2. keep one informed about something 使人们了解…3. audience/viewers 观众4. have unhealthy and harm ful effec ts on… 对…有不良影响5. information-explosion society 信息爆炸的社会6. influential 有影响的7. revolutionize the way we acquire information 彻底改变了我们获取信息的方式8. blessing 福9. curse 祸10. various thrilling programs 各种各样激动人心的节目11. poor-quality programs 低质量节目12. ever-accelerated 不断发展的13. exaggerate 夸张14. enjoyable 令人享受的15. fashionable 时尚的16. electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射17. psychological illnesses 心理疾病18. isolated 孤僻的19. unimaginative 缺乏想象力的20. unsociable 不好社交的21. deprive somebody of one’s imaginatio n and creativity 使…丧失了想象力和创造力22. jeopardize one’s health 危害健康23. be exposed to… 了解到…接触到…24. find its way into every family 进入千家万户25. global village 地球村26. be indulged in… 沉溺于…27. be addicted to … 对…上瘾28. be fascinated by … 被…所吸引29. be dependent on … 依赖…30. second-hand information 二手信息31. go astray 误入歧途32. embark on the criminal road 走上犯罪道路33. irresistible 无法抵制的34. hallmark 标志35. create topics of discussion 制造交谈话题36. critical thinking 批判性思维37. powerful means of communication 有力的交流工具38. main cause 主因39. tempting 有诱惑力的40. reliable 可靠的41. family attachment 家庭归属感42. mutual understanding 相互了解43. alienation of affection 感情疏远44. be sick of … 对…厌倦45. generation gap 代沟46. exchanges of feelings 感情交流47. emotional bond 感情纽带48. strengthen family ties 加强家庭纽带关系49. be detached from reality 与现实隔绝50. distinguish right from wrong 明辨是非51. edifying 有教育意义的52. couch potato 电视迷53. be harmful to … 对…有害54. imitate 模仿55. inexpressible 难以形容的56. physical and mental health 身心健康57. stimulate one’s imagination and creativ ity 激发某人想象力和创造力58. unwholesome lifestyle. 不健康的生活方式59. a great deal of information 大量的信息60. disinteresting 令人索然无味的工作类1.ambitious 雄心壮志的、野心勃勃的aspiration2. adaptability 适应性3.adapt oneself to …使自己适应…4. prosperity 繁荣booming5. be disadvantageous to …对…不利6. flow of personnel 人才流动7. mechanism of personnel flow人才流动机制8. survival of the fittest 适者生存9. a sense of accomplishment成就感10. potentiality 潜能11. learn to cooperate and compromise学习合作和妥协T eam work Team leader12. be deeply i mpressed with …对…印象很深impressive13. company philosophy 企业文化14. flexibility 灵活性yoga15. competitive 竞争激烈的16. arena 舞台，市场竞技场17. team-work spirit团队合作精神18. treasure opportunity珍惜机会19. a fat salary 收入颇丰fluffy，蓬松baby fat20. a harmoniousinterpersonal relationship和谐的人际关系I’m seeing someone.21. a sense of responsibility责任感Be Willing to Shoulder more responsibility22. material gains 物质待遇23. promising future光明的前途24. bright prospect 光明的前景25. a challenging job一份具有挑战性的工作26. turning point 转折点27. be closely relat ed to …与…息息相关28. get advanced in the society出人头地29. a decent job 一份体面的工作30. chance of promotion升迁机会31. stability and satisfaction稳定感和满足感32. keep skills fresh and up-to-date使技能可以不断更新33. expand one’s outlook 开阔视野horizon34. balance work and life平衡工作和生活Business is business.35. from-nine-to-five 朝九晚五一族36. shoulder/undertake one’s responsibility承担起自己的责任37. upgrade oneself 提升自我38. a well-paid job 高收入工作39. creative work 创造性工作40. stand up to / meet the challenge迎接挑战41. realize the value of life effectuate 实现人生价值42. enrich one’s social experience丰富一个人的社会阅历43. cultivate one’s independence and toughness培养自己的独立性和坚韧性44. seek for personal development追求个人发展45. display one’s talent 展示才能46. a sense of self-fulfillment自我实现感Elite 精英47. promotion opportunity 提升机会48. meet one’s personalized needs满足某人个性化需求49. define one’s role确定自己的角色50. social recognition 社会认可51. accumulate experience获取经验52. inspiring 鼓舞人心的53. motivation 动机54. workaholic 工作狂55. working environment 工作环境56. work overtime 加班57. i mprove one’s capabilities提高某人能力58. develop one’s talents培养才智59. ideal workplace 理想工作场所Decent60. master interpersonal skills掌握人际交往技能动物保护类vivid，Viva，1. vivisection 活体解剖2. perform experiments on animals在动物身上做试验3. test animals 用于实验的动物Colony 实验对照组4. be subjected to experiments被迫接受试验5. animal rights 动物权利Human6. clinical research 临床研究7. cruel 残忍的8. extremist 极端主义者9. medical research 医学研究10. origin of species 物种起源11. alternative method 替代的方法12. biological diversity 生物多样性13. natural balance 自然平衡14. equilibrium of ecosystem 生态平衡15. coexistence 共存16. endangered animals 濒危动物17. diversity of species 物种多样性18. shameless 令人羞愧的19. barbaric 野蛮的20. live and let live 活着就是与万物共存To be or not to be21. meaningless 没有意义的22. dominant species 优势物种23. laboratory 实验室24. vaccine 疫苗25. infringement 践踏invade26. right to live 生存权27. torture 折磨I’m tortured by IELTS.28. anti-science 反科学的29. life-threatening diseases危及生命的疾病Stress-related illnesses30. scientific gains 科学成果31. an ever-lasting theme 一个永恒的主题Live happily ever after32. evolution 进化33. computer simulation 电脑模拟34. groundless 没有理由的On the ground 实际35. humane 人道的36. medical technology 医疗技术37. anatomy 解剖38. equal 公平的39. unreliable 不可信赖的40. valid 有效的、正当的语言类1. ambiguity 歧义2. denotation 字面意思3. connotation 暗含意思。
雅思小作文词汇
illustratecompare说明，描述demonstrateThe given bar chart compares/illustrates the per week spending ofBritish citizens on three fast food items in 1990从图可知as is seen from the given illustration,as is presented in the bar graphas is observed from the graph最受欢迎的the most popular/desirablethe most/least popular choice ofFish and chips were twice as popular as burgers, pizza being at thattime the least popular fast food.表转折whereas/while/although/butTheir expenditure of pizza was only 6 Pence per week while theyspent 14 Pence per week on hamburgers.Fish & chips and pizza was less preferred by British in 1970's and1980's but after that their consumption skyrocketed.表对照In Contrast/By Comparison/On The Other Hand比较(多于，少于) chose/used/preferred A than BAround X% more/fewer people choose A than BA 与B 相差…… A and B differed by X%.There was a difference of X% in A and B.A 与B 相同The percentage of A and B were similar.A similar number of people choose A and BThe percentage of A was the same as the percentage of B.相反的趋势/情况trends are totally oppositeAlthough the processes of figures changing of these countries weretotally opposite,the last numbers,amazingly,turned out to beextremely close.the scenario was completely reverse很显然，很明显it is clearly visible thatIt is clearly visible that the number of people who work in theaccountancy is smaller than that of other sectors.上升(程度普通) 动词increase; rise; grow/climb名词increase; rise; growth介词up词组：be on the riseThe consumption of meat reached 45 thousand kilograms, up 40%from a year ago.上升(程度比较轻) climb上升(程度激烈) soar/surge/rocket/leapThe rate of unemployment soared from 7 to 12% between 2022 and2022.The rate of unemployment surged from 7% to 12% between 2022and 2022.下降(程度普通) 动词decrease; fall; drop; decline名词decrease; fall; drop; decline介词down词组be in declineThe trading volume dropped to 3 million a day, down 35%.下降(程度比较轻) dip；slide下降(程度激烈) plunge；plummet；plumb；tumbleThe rate of unemployment plunged from 30% to 10% between 2022and 2022.The rate of unemployment plummeted from 30% to 10% between2022 and 2022.(上升/下降)趋势历经了…上升/下降波动不变的an upward/downward trendwitness/see/experienceBritain saw/witnessed a steep drop in the sales of books in 1990.The rate of unemployment was 30% in 2022 but it then experienced a decrease of 20% for the next year.fluctuate/fluctuationThe rate of unemployment fluctuated wildly for the following 3 years.There was a wild fluctuation in the rate of unemployment for the following 3 years.remain constant/stable/static/unchangedThe rate of unemployment remained fairly stable at 6% for the next two years.The rate of unemployment was relatively stable,at 6%between 2022 and 2022.达到顶峰大幅变化(形容词和副词)小幅变化Reach a plateau/ level offInflation levelled off at around 2%.The GDP reached a plateau in 1990, before declining suddenly in 2022.peakThe rate of unemployment peaked at 30% in 2022.The rate of unemployment reached a peak of 30% in 2022.形容词sharp dramatic substantial significant rapid considerable 副词是sharply dramatically substantially significantly rapidly considerablyThe rate of unemployment increased sharply from 7% to 12% between 2022 and 2022.There was a sharp increase of 5%in the rate of unemployment between 2022 and 2022.形容词modest；slight；marginal；moderate；steady；gradual；gentle；slow副词modestly；slightly ；marginally；moderately ；steadily；gradually；gently；slowly名词短语：minimal changeThe rate of unemployment increased slightly from 5% to 6% between 2005 and 2022.There was a slight increase of 1%in the rate of unemployment between 2005 and 2022.X% of sb + Verb47% of people in Britain chose/used cable to access the internet..Something + Be Verb + By + X% of SomebodyCable was chosen to access the internet by 47% of people in Britain.The Percentage of Somebody + Be + X%The percentage of people who chose cable to access the internet was 47%.Somebody Who Do Something + Verb + X% of SomebodyPeople who chose cable to access the internet accounted for 47% of the totalpopulationaccount for/represent/form/make up/comprise (用主动而不用被动态)People who chose cable to access the internet accounted for 47%of peoplehaving access to the Internet.The percentage/proportion of sth + decrease/increaseThe percentage of natural resource which came from oil decreased slightly from20% to 15% between 2005 and 2022.20% of this country’s natural resources came from oil in 2005. Five years later,this percentage decreased slightly by 5%.There was a slight decrease from 20% to 15% in the percentage of naturalresources which came from oil.10% 20% 25% 33% 40% 50% 60% 66% 75% 80%77% 73%A-TenthA-FifthA-QuarterA-ThirdTwo-FifthsHalfThree-FifthsTwo-ThirdsThree-QuartersFour-FifthsJust over three quarters Approximately three quarters比例的变化占比为68% Just above two thirds 66% Precisely two thirds 49% Just under a half32% Almost a third25% Exactly a quarter24% Nearly a quarter9% - 11% Around/about/roughly a tenthdouble/triple/quadruple (升The consumption of meat more than doubled between 1949 2,3,4 倍) and 1979.double/twice/triple/treble The park will cover 1,400 acres, twice the size of the old park. (是……2,3,4 倍)Twofold/threefold ( … … 2 There was a threefold decrease in retail sales.倍，3 倍)Twice/three times … … Television was twice as popular as washing machine in 1998. as……asRank (排名) /rank highTop (率先)Ahead of/followed by (在……之前)Outnumber/overtake (超过) Climb/fall from……to Australia ranked second, behind the USA in domestic waste generation.The city topped the list of the country’s most popular tourist attractions.Business was the most popular subject, followed by physical education.China has a population of more than 1.4 billion, far ahead of India, with 1 billion people.The consumption of lamb overtook that of lamb in 1990. Women outnumbered men in Business Management. Buses climbed from third to second as a means of travel.During/over the periodThroughoutThe forest diminished dramatically throughout the 1980s.Between……and……The divorce rate increased during the period from 1995 tp From……to……2000.At the beginning of At the beginning of the 1960s, around one third of thecountry’s population were smokers.By the middle of By the middle of the 20th century, the railway systems werebuilt to serve more than one million passengers a year. By the end of Expenditure on resources dropped by the end of theperiod.By/until The unemployment rate remains above 20% until 2022.Up to/as much as 多大The number of shoppers plunged by up to 23 percent.House prices fell as much as 40% between 1980 and1985.Only/ a mere/ no more than 仅仅The web economy represents a mere 1% of the country’sGDPTop/exceed 超过Exports topped (exceeded) $10 billion in 2022.In excess of 超过The turnover of the industry was in excess of $1.5 billion.The enrollment rate dropped to an all-time low, 50%.a(an) new/record/all-time/newhigha(an) new/all-time low历史最高/低值Ranging……from……The price was volatile, ranging from $20 to $40. 在……范围建造build；constructure；paveA hospital was built near the river.A hospital was constructed near the river.A road was paved in the north of the village.位于be located/situated；lieA 在B 的……方位To: the shop is to the east of the hospital.On: the shop is on the south of the hospital.In: the shop is in the south of the village.A 在B 的……角/侧/端Xinjiang is in the northwest corner of China.Shops are on the east side of the road.Shops are at the eastern end of the village.挨近The farm was close to the river.The farm was near the river.The farm was next to the river.The urban area was linked to the rural area.The airport was connected with the railway station.从……通向/流向……The river flows from the north to the south.The road runs from the north to the south.挨着，沿着alongsideShops were built alongside the sea.消失disappear；vanishThe old forest disappeared.A 变成B 面积扩大至安装The old forests vanished.become/ change into/convert intoThe old house became a hospital.The old house was changed into a hospital.be extended toThe area of schools were extended.installA pedestrian crossing will also be installed at the lower end of the street, near the gas station.第一阶段次阶段最后阶段At the first/initial stage+句子At the beginning of the cycle+句子During the initial phase,+句子The beginning of the whole cycle is marked by(+名词or 动名词) (+名词or 动名词) is the first step in (+名词or 动名词)The second stage is (+名词or 动名词)The next step in the process in (+名词or 动名词)(+名词or 动名词) is the last step in the procedure.The final phase of the procedure is about(+名词or 动名词)In the final phase,+句子Entering the final phase,+句子(+名词or 动名词) is the final stage.。
(完整版)雅思写作核心词汇梳理
核心词汇梳理Sublist 1analyse 分析，观察approach 方法，接近area 区域assess 评估assume 假设authority 权利，当局available 可得的benefit 利益，有益的concept 概念consist 组成，在于established 已制定的estimate 估计，估价evidence 证据export 输出，出口factors 因素financial 金融的formula 公式，配方function 功能identified 被识别的income 收入occur 发生，出现percent 百分比period 时期，周期policy 政策，保险单principle 原则，本质procedure 程序，步骤process 加工，过程required 必需的research 研究，调查response 反应，回答constitutional 体制的context 环境，上下文contract 订约，合同create 创造data 数据，资料definition 定义derived 衍生的distribution 分布，分配economic 经济的environment 环境indicate 表明，指出individual 个人，个体interpretation 翻译involved 有关的issues 议题labour 劳动力，人工legal 法律的，合法的legislation 立法major 主要的，科目method 方法role 角色，任务section 部分，章节sector 部门significant 有效，有意义similar 相似的source 来源specific 特定的，明确的structure 结构，组织theory 理论，推测variable 可变的Sublist 2achieve 达成acquisition 获得administration 管理affect 影响，感动appropriate 适当的aspects 方面assistance 辅助categories 类别chapter 章回commission 委员会design 设计，构思distinction 区别elements 基础，原理equation 等式，反应式evaluation 评价，估价features 特点final 最终的focus 焦点，中心impact 影响，冲突injury 损伤potential 潜在的，电势previous 以前的primary 初级的，基本的purchase 购买的range 范围region 地区，范围regulations 规程relevant 有关的resident 居住的，居民resource 资源，办法community 社区，团体complex 复杂的computer 计算机conclusion 结论，推论conduct 带领，引导consequences 结果construction 建设，结构consumer 消费者，用户credit 信用cultural 文化的institute 制定，创立invest 投资，耗费items 所有物品，项目journal 杂志，日记maintain 维持，主张normal 正常的，标准的obtain 获得participate 参与perceive 察觉，理解positive 积极的，确定的restrict 限制，约束secure 保护，安全的seek 寻求select 挑选site 地点，设置strategy 战略，策略survey 调查text 文本，发短信tradition 惯例，传统transfer 转移，转让Sublist 3alternative 供选择的circumstance 环境，情况comment 评论compensate 补偿，赔偿component 组成的，成分consent 同意，一致considerable 相当大的constant 不变的contain 包含，容纳contribute 贡献，出力emphasis 重点，强调ensure 确保，保证exclude 排除，排斥framework 框架，结构fund 基金，投资illustrate 阐明，举例immigrate 移入imply 意味，暗示initial 最初的instance 实例，情况philosophy 哲学physical 物理的，身体的proportion 比例，面积publish 发表，公布react 反应，反抗register 注册，登记rely 依靠，信赖remove 移动，迁移scheme 计划，组织sequence 序列，顺序convene 召集，传唤coordinate 协调core 核心，要点corporate 公司的correspond 一致criteria 标准，条件deduce 推断demonstrate 展示，论证document 文件，证件dominate 支配，控制interact 相互影响justify 证明合法layer 层link 链接，关系locate 定位maximise 增至最大minor 次要的，较小的negate 否定outcome 结果，成果partner 合伙人sex 性别shift 转变，转换specify 详细说明，列举sufficient 充分的task 任务，作业technical 科技的，技术的technique 技巧，技术technology 技术，工艺valid 有效的volume 量，卷Sublist 4access 进入，接近adequate 充足的，适当的annual 年度的apparent 显然的，表面的approximate 近似，接近于attitude 态度，看法attribute 特质，把...归为civil 公民的code 密码，编码commit 犯罪，指派error 误差，错误ethnic 种族的，人种的goal 目标，得分grant 授予，允许hence 因此，以后hypothesis 假设implement 实施，执行implicate 暗示impose 强加，利用integrate 整合，结合parallel 平行线，对比parameter 参数，系数phase 阶段predict 预言principal 主要的，校长prior 优先的professional 专业的project 设计，计划promote 促进，提升regime 政权，社会制度communicate 交流，传达concentrate 集中，浓缩confer 授予，协商contrast 对比，对照cycle 循环，自行车debate 争论despite 尽管，轻视dimension 尺寸，纬度domestic 国内的，家庭的emerge 浮现，暴露internal 内部的，国内的investigate 调查，研究job 工作，职业label 标签，标注mechanism 机制，原理obvious 明显的occupy 占据，占领option 选项output 输出，产量overall 全部的resolve 解决，分解retain 保持，记住series 系列statistic 统计的，统计数值status 地位，情形stress 压力，强调subsequent 后来的sum 总数，总结summary 概要，总结undertake 从事，承担。
雅思英语作文大全
雅思英语作文大全Sure, I can provide you with a list of IELTS English essays. Here are some examples:1. The impact of technology on society2. The importance of education in a person's life3. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad4. The role of government in protecting the environment5. The effects of globalization on culture and society6. The benefits of learning a second language7. The issue of climate change and its solutions8. The influence of social media on relationships9. The significance of preserving historical monuments10. The impact of tourism on local communities中文：1. 科技对社会的影响2. 教育在一个人生活中的重要性3. 讨论留学的优缺点4. 政府在环境保护中的作用5. 全球化对文化和社会的影响6. 学习第二语言的好处7. 气候变化及其解决方案的问题8. 社交媒体对人际关系的影响9. 保护历史遗迹的重要性10. 旅游业对当地社区的影响I hope these examples can help you get started on writing your IELTS essays!。
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作文材料第一章词汇一、利与弊的词汇Advantages & disadvantagesStrengths & weaknessesThe upside & the downsidePros & consBenefits & drawbacksMerits & demeritsBooms & banes二、同义词汇替换Popular=prevalentThereby=thus=thereforeIn fact=As a matter of factIn general=GenerallyIn spite of=DespiteConcede=acknowledgeBelieve=convinceFor example=For instance=To illustrate Extremely> immensely=enormouslyIn sum =To sum up=Overall=To conclude ------In the final analysisIt is obvious that=UndoubtedlyMain=prime=elementalFactors=elements=causes=reasons=contr ibutors三、近义词辨析1) expand、prolong、extend、stretch Expand:vt扩张，膨胀（体积，面积，数量；企业、生意）Prolong:延长，拉长，拖延（空间，时间）Extend：扩充，延伸（vi 空间、土地延展，时间延续）（vt. 舒展身体某部位）Stretch：延展,延长（事物长度，宽度；规定或者时间超出规定的范围&限度）、（v.伸展肢体）2)locate、lieLocate:vt位于，使坐落于（用于被动语态be located in）Lie：vi 位于3) capacity、abilityCapacity:能力，才干（先天、理解、接受、忍受）；也指物体容纳能力capacity for ; capacity to do Ability:能力，才干（先、后天；脑、体力；实际应用）Ability to do或in/for sth4) establish、build、construct、found Establish:建立，建设（强调稳固建成；具体/抽象物品）Build:建筑，建造（建筑物；理论、体系抽象事物）Construct:与build通用，更正式些Found:建立，创立（奠基，打下基础）5)injure、hurt、harm、damage、destroy Injure:伤害，损害（健康，名誉，情感，智力）Hurt:伤害，损伤，损害（肉体，精神痛苦）Harm:伤害，损害（肉体，精神；抽象，具体事物）Damage:损伤，损害（无生命物体）Destroy:破坏，损坏（彻底损坏，不能或很难修复）6）incident、accident、affair、case、event、matterIncident:事件、事变（一般指与重大事件相关的次要事件，尤指不寻常、激烈暴力的事件，如 border incident 边境事件）Accident:意外事件，事故如traffic accidentAffair:事件，事务;私事（公共事件，政治事务，个人事务，如foreign affairs 外交事务）Case:事件，事例（强调典型的实例，事例，实情）Event:事件，事变（重要，值得关注的大事，多用于历史，政治事件）Matter:事情，事件（应该处理，考虑的具体事情）7）significant、considerable、enormous、numerousSignificant:相当数量的，意义重大的（强调数量上非常大，或者有重要影响的）英文解释：large enough to be noticeable or have noticeable effects Considerable:相当大的，相当多的（大小，范围，数量，程度）英文解释:fairly big in amount or size,especially large enough to havean effect or be importantEnormous:巨大的，庞大的（大小，范围，数量程度）英文解释：very big in size or in amountNumerous: 众多的，许多的英文解释：very many8)continuous、continualContinuous:连续的，持续的（时间，顺序上无间断）Continual:连续的，频繁的（重复，可能有间隔，但会重新开始）9)elderly、old、elder、olderElderly: 年长的，年老的（只修饰人，人已过中年；对人尊敬、礼貌）Old:年老的，老的（修饰人时，只强调年龄大；修饰事物 the old society）Elder:年长的，old比较级,只做定语；不能与than连用引导比较状语从句Older:年长的，old比较级，常作表语，可与than连用引导比较状语从句10)besides、in addition、except、except forBesides:除了...：除了...，还.... Besides English,we study French.In addition:用法同上Except:除了，除...之外（强调不包括）出去的与没除去的为同类We all went the zoo last Sunday except BillExcept for:除...之外（肯定全部，局部否定；出去的和没除去的不是同类事物）Your essay is good,except for some spelling mistakes.11)excessive、additionalExcessive:过多的，过分的，过度的（超过了所需，有“泛滥”的意思）Additional:额外的，另外的12)unique、peculiar、strangeUnique:独一无二的，绝无仅有的Peculiar:独特的，不寻常的；怪异的（人，物）Strange:令人感到奇怪的，出人意料的；难以解释的，难以理解的13)alter、change、shift、transform、vary Alter:改变（事物局部改变，如形式，外观，细节等轻微的方面）Change:变化，改变，转变（数量，质量，外表或本质）Shift:改变（位置、方向改变，立场、态度改变）Transform:改变，转换，改造（强调彻底改变形状，外观，性质）Vary:变化，改革（事物有各种变化或在不同时间有不同变化）14)basis、base、basicBasis:基础，基本，根据（抽象事物，如学说，讨论，信念）Base:基，底；基础；基地（具体事物，军事基地）Basic:<n> 基本要素，基本原理，基础（常复数）15)favorite、favorableFavorite:喜爱的，钟爱的；特别喜爱的人（事物）Favorable:赞成的；有利的；讨人喜欢的16)neglect、ignore、overlook Neglect:忽视，疏忽（无意识的）+ to do .... Ignore:忽视（有故意的含义）Overlook:疏忽，没注意到；无视，忽略（有无意识均可）17)slight、trivialSlight:程度小的，数量小的Trivia:不重要的，没有价值的18)strain、tensionStrain:紧张（疲劳；困难）Tension:紧张（人、关系、局势）19)delivery、transmissionDelivery:递送，传送（信件，货物）Transmission:传送，传播；传输（电波，信息发送，以及把某物从某处传送至另一处的过程）20)fee、fare、costFee:费，费用（学费，会费；给脑力劳动者，医生的酬金）Fare:费用（车费，如汽车，电车，计程车的费用、票价）Cost:费用，价格（购买物品、接受服务的花费；付出精力）21)location、position、scene Location:位置，场所（强调固定位置；外景）Position:位置，职位（具体所处的位置；抽象职位）Scene:位置，发生地点（侧重真实事件的发生地、现场）22)preserve、maintain、retain Preserve:保持，保护（使完整，不受破坏）Maintain:维持，保持（维持下去；保持良好状态）Retain:包；保留，保存（继续保留、保存原来的东西）23)proportion、rateProportion:比，比例（物体在大小、数量的比例）Rate:比率（部分占整体的比例，比率）24)undergo、tolerateUndergo:经历，遭受（强调忍受）Tolerate:经历（强调默认存在，强制自己接受，可能没有经历过）三、关系词（一）因果关系(cause and effect)1、原因1)as=since 因为这两个词只能跟从句，不能跟词 <conj.> 2)Due toOwing to=thanks to=as a result of 只能接名词，不能跟动词2、结果1) 因此Hence=thus=therefore 因此句首句中均可，如果用于句中，则需分号，后面跟着被引导的从句。
2)作为结果As a consequence=as a result=consequently用在句首较多，后面用句号。
3)因此So that 用于句中4)以此达到...目的Thereby 不能用于句首，而且正是英语中后面接动名词。
EXAMPLES:1.汉：因此，对工作的感觉一定会体现出一个人是如何看待自己的人生的。
英:So feelings about one’s job mustreflect how an individual feels about his or her life as a whole.2.汉：生态环境正在被恶化；因此，我们必须采取措施解决环境污染。
英:The ecological problems are being aggravated;therefore,it is significant/imperative that we take measures to combat the pollution in the environment.3.汉：政府应当提高公众的环境保护意识；以此来促进可持续发展并且创造一个更适合人类生存的环境。