高三英语被动语态详解
被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)
被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)被动语态知识点讲解被动语态是英语语法中的重要概念之一,它在句子中常常用来强调动作的接受者或者对象。
在本文中,我们将详细介绍被动语态的用法和结构,并提供一些实例用以帮助读者更好地理解和运用被动语态。
一、什么是被动语态被动语态是指句子的主语是动作的接受者或对象,而动作的执行者成为句子的宾语或介词短语。
被动语态使用助动词“be”加上动词的过去分词形式构成。
二、被动语态的结构根据被动语态的不同时态,其结构会有些许变化。
下面我们将一一介绍几种常见时态的被动语态结构:1. 一般现在时态:被动语态的一般现在时结构为:[be(am/is/are)] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例:1) 主动句:She writes a book.被动句:A book is written by her.2) 主动句:They make delicious cakes.被动句:Delicious cakes are made by them.2. 现在进行时态:被动语态的现在进行时结构为:[be(am/is/are)] + [being] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例:1) 主动句:He is washing the car.被动句:The car is being washed by him.2) 主动句:They are building a house.被动句:A house is being built by them.3. 一般过去时态:被动语态的一般过去时结构为:[be(was/were)] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例:1) 主动句:She bought a new car.被动句:A new car was bought by her.2) 主动句:They painted the wall.被动句:The wall was painted by them.4. 过去进行时态:被动语态的过去进行时结构为:[be(was/were)] + [being] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例:1) 主动句:He was cleaning the house.被动句:The house was being cleaned by him.2) 主动句:They were repairing the car.被动句:The car was being repaired by them.三、被动语态的用法被动语态的使用可以有多种情况,下面是几个常见的用法:1. 强调行为的接受者:被动语态可以强调动作的接受者或者对象,使其在句子中得到突出。
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要知识点。
在使用被动语态时,主语是承受者,而动作的执行者则成为谓语的一部分。
这一语法结构在表达特定情况和强调动作承受者时非常有用。
本文将对高中英语中常见的被动语态知识点进行归纳总结。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”(is, am, are, was, were, been)和动词的过去分词构成。
动词的过去分词可根据动词的不同形态进行变化,常见的变化规则包括加“-ed”、改变拼写或使用不规则变化。
二、被动语态的用法1. 描述普遍情况或客观事实:Inventions are made every day.2. 强调动作承受者:The cake was eaten by the children.3. 避免指责或强调行为:Mistakes were made, and lessons were learned.4. 表示不明或未指定的主语:Money was stolen from the bank.三、被动语态的时态被动语态根据需要使用不同的时态。
下面是常见的被动语态时态使用示例:1. 现在时态:The car is washed by my brother every week.2. 过去时态:The letter was sent yesterday.3. 将来时态:The contract will be signed next week.4. 现在进行时态:The house is being built by a group of workers.5. 现在完成时态:The book has been read by many people.四、被动语态与不定式、情态动词的使用1. 被动语态与不定式:The house needs to be repaired.2. 被动语态与情态动词:The project should be completed by tomorrow.五、被动语态的特殊情况1. 特殊疑问句:Where was the bag found?2. 感叹句:How beautifully the song was sung by the singer!3. 含有两个宾语的句子:We were given a gift by our friends.六、被动语态中的常见错误1. 错误的主语:The book is written by Shakespeare.(改为“The book was written by Shakespeare.”)2. 错误的时态:The photos were taken by me last weekend.(改为“The photos have been taken by me.”)通过对高中英语被动语态知识点的归纳总结,我们可以更好地理解和应用被动语态。
高中英语被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
例The glass is broken.(系表结构)
The glass was broken by the boy.(被动语态)
2.如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态。
7.“outof+名词”结构;表示“超出⋯⋯之外“,常见的有:out of control (控制不了),out of sight(超
出视线之外),out of one’s reach够(不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。
例The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled.)。
据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.(=The boy is said to have passed the
national exam.)
四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1.英语中有很多动词如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,当它
10)should/would have been done过去将来完成时(少用)
2.被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2)有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然
6.在therebe⋯句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形
高中英语被动语态
(三)语态转换时要注意的问题
1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时 态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与 新主语保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. A new computer has been bought. (正确) A new computer have been bought. (错误)
被 动 : I have been told the sports meet _m__ig__h_t__b_e__p_u__t_o__ff_. 2)主动: We have brought down the price.
被动: The price _h__a_s__b_e_e__n__b_r_o_u__g_h__t_d_o__w__n_.
turn down, work out, turn out 等。
His request was turned down.
The sports meet will be put off because of the bad
.
3. 在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都 不带 to,但改成被动语态后都带to。
The patient is being operated on.
The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.
(2)及物动词+ 副词:如:bring about, carry out, find out, give up,
高考英语语法填空--被动语态六大关键
高考英语语法填空--被动语态六大关键一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”加上动词的过去分词构成。
其中,助动词的形式根据句子中的时态、语态和人称的变化而变化。
二、被动语态的基本含义被动语态用于强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。
被动语态常见于科技说明、新闻报道或事物描述等场景。
三、被动语态的运用1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时:- The book was left on the table yesterday.- 在昨天,这本书被留在了桌子上。
2. 当动作的执行者非常明确或已经提到过时:- 比赛的获胜者将在明天宣布。
3. 在官方通告、规章制度或说明书中:- Visitors are required to wear masks in the museum.- 游客在博物馆必须佩戴口罩。
4. 当强调动作的接受者时:- The necklace was given to her by her grandmother.- 这条项链是她奶奶送给她的。
5. 使用被动语态使句子更加简洁,避免过多的主动语态:- 预计该项目将在今年年底完成。
6. 被动语态还可以用于书面表达中,使文风更加正式:- It has been decided that a meeting will be held next week.- 已决定下周将召开一次会议。
四、被动语态的注意事项1. 当宾语是人时,可在被动语态中使用介词“by”表示动作的执行者:- The letter was written by Mike.- 这封信是迈克写的。
2. 当句子中有两个宾语时,常用“to”或“for”引导的宾语作为被动结构的主语:- She was given a gift by her friend.- 她得到了一个礼物,是她的朋友给的。
3. 当动词是不及物动词时,需要加上适当的介词才能使用被动语态:- The meeting was talked about by everyone.- 每个人都在谈论会议。
高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态
高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态动词的被动语态是英语中一种常见的语法结构,在高中英语学习中占据重要的位置。
掌握被动语态的使用方法和相关知识点,对于正确理解和运用英语语法是非常关键的。
本文将对高中英语中动词的被动语态进行归纳总结,帮助学生更好地掌握和运用这一语法结构。
I. 被动语态的基本形式被动语态由"be"动词的不同时态形式加上动词的过去分词构成。
其中,被动语态的时态与主动语态保持一致,只是谓语动词的形式发生了变化。
例如:1. 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词(例句:The book is read by Tom. 这本书被汤姆读了。
)2. 一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词(例句:The letter was written by John. 这封信是约翰写的。
)3. 一般将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词(例句:The cake will be eaten by the children. 蛋糕将会被孩子们吃掉。
)除了基本形式外,被动语态还可以与情态动词连用,形成不同时态的情态被动语态。
例如:1. 情态动词can的被动语态:can be + 过去分词(例句:The problem can be solved by the teacher. 这个问题可以被老师解决。
)2. 情态动词should的被动语态:should be + 过去分词(例句:The car should be repaired by a professional mechanic. 这辆车应该由专业的机械师修理。
)II. 被动语态的用法1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:(例句:The vase was broken. 这个花瓶被打破了。
)2. 当动作的承受者比执行者更重要或更值得强调时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:(例句:The cake was made by my grandmother.这个蛋糕是我奶奶做的。
被动语态详解
被动语态详解被动语态是英语中常用的一种语态形式,通过它可以强调动作的承受者与执行者的关系,使句子更加灵活和富有变化。
在英语中,被动语态由be动词(am/is/are/was/were)+过去分词构成。
本文将详细讲解被动语态的用法及相关注意事项。
一、被动语态的基本结构1. 一般现在时的被动语态:肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 过去分词疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词?2. 一般过去时的被动语态:肯定句:主语 + was/were + 过去分词否定句:主语 + was/were + not + 过去分词疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词?3. 一般将来时的被动语态:肯定句:主语 + will be + 过去分词否定句:主语 + will not be + 过去分词疑问句:Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词?二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者:主动语态:Tom wrote a letter.(汤姆写了一封信。
)被动语态:A letter was written by Tom.(一封信被汤姆写了。
)2. 当不知道或不关心动作的执行者时:主动语态:Someone broke the window.(有人打破了窗户。
)被动语态:The window was broken.(窗户被打破了。
)3. 当动作的执行者为明显的、普遍的或不需要具体指出时:主动语态:People speak English all over the world.(世界各地的人都说英语。
)被动语态:English is spoken all over the world.(英语在世界各地都被说着。
)4. 相应的介词有些动词后面需要与特定的介词连用,在被动语态中需要保留这些介词。
主动语态:They laughed at the man.(他们嘲笑那个人。
高中被动语态详解
各种时态的被动语态一、八大时态的被动语态的构成以及含有情态动词的被动语态:1.一般现在时的被动语态构成:(am/is/are +done)如:I am asked to study hard. 我被请求努力学习。
This shirt is washed once a week. 这件T恤一周洗一次。
These songs are usually sung by boys. 这些歌曲通常是男生唱的。
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成:(was/were done)如:The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 这位战士牺牲了,然而列车得救了。
Some notes were passed up to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上来一些纸条。
3.一般将来时的被动语态构成:(shall/will be done)如:We shall be asked a lot of strange questions. 我们将被问许多怪题。
My son will be sent to school next September. 来年九月我将送我儿子去读书。
4.过去将来时的被动语态构成:(should/would be done)如:The news would be sent to him as soon as it arrived. 消息一到就会转给他的。
He told us that the new railway would be built the next year. 他告诉我新铁路将在明年修建。
5.现在完成时的被动语态构成:(has/have been done)如:The work has just been finished. 工作刚刚结束。
The old rules have been done away with by us. 旧规章已经被我们废除了。
高考英语知识点解析被动语态的构成与用法
高考英语知识点解析被动语态的构成与用法高考英语知识点解析:被动语态的构成与用法在高考英语中,被动语态是一个重要的语法知识点,掌握其构成与用法对于我们正确理解和运用英语语言至关重要。
下面就让我们一起来详细了解一下被动语态。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成通常由“be 动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
其中,be 动词的形式根据时态的不同而变化,过去分词则保持不变。
1、一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are +过去分词例如:The book is read by many people(这本书被很多人读。
)2、一般过去时的被动语态:was/were +过去分词例如:The house was built last year(这座房子是去年建的。
)3、一般将来时的被动语态:will be +过去分词或 be going to be +过去分词例如:The meeting will be held tomorrow (会议将在明天举行。
)The sports meeting is going to be held next week (运动会将在下周举行。
)4、现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are + being +过去分词例如:The problem is being discussed now (这个问题正在被讨论。
)5、过去进行时的被动语态:was/were + being +过去分词例如:The bridge was being repaired at that time (那时桥正在被修。
)6、现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been +过去分词例如:The work has been finished (工作已经完成了。
)7、过去完成时的被动语态:had been +过去分词例如:The task had been completed before I arrived (在我到达之前任务已经完成了。
高中英语被动语态讲解
高中英语被动语态讲解一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例:Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2)has /have been done 现在完成时例:All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时例:A new cinema is being built here.4)was/were done 一般过去时例:I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5)had been done 过去完成时例:By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6)was/were being done 过去进行时例:A meeting was being held when I was there.7)shall/will be done/ be going to be done/ be about to be done/ be to be to done一般将来时例:Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8)should/would be done; was/ were going to be done; was/ were about to be done; was/ were to be to done一般将来时例:The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9)shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例:The project will have been completed before July.10)should/would have been done 过去将来完成时(少用)例:He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
高中英语被动语态讲解及习题
被动语态被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时:am/is/are+taught一般过去时:was/were+taught一般将来时:will/shall be+taught现在进行时:am/is/are being+taught过去进行时:have/has been+taught现在完成时:have/has been+taught注意:区分被动语态与“be+过去分词”结构be+过去分词”并不一定都是被动语态,有时是系表结构。
被动语态,动作的对象是主语;当“be +过去分词”表示主语所处的状态时为系表结构,be是连系动词。
be后面的过去分词是表语,相当于形容词。
其区分办法如下:1, 如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者,该句一般为被动语态。
The glass is broken.(系表结构)The glass was broken by the boy. (被动语态)2 ,如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态The magazine is published in Shanghai.。
(被动语态)The door is locked. (系表结构)The door has already/just been locked. (被动语态)The shop is opened. (系表结构)The shop is opened at 8 a.m. everyday. (被动语态)3 ,被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外,还可以用于其他各种时态,而系表结构中的系动词be只有一般时态和完成时态。
三、被动语态的用法1 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
Some new computers were stolen last night.This book was published in 1981.2 强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。
高考英语 重难点语法讲解被动语态
高中英语语法——被动语态语态也是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的关系。
英语有两种语态:主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成,如果有必要强调动作的执行者,动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。
助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。
A. 十种常见时态的被动语态1. 一般现在时主动语态:do被动语态:am is are doneWe clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。
The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。
Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。
Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。
Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗2. 一般过去时主动语态:did被动语态:was were doneWe cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。
The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。
Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗?How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱?3. 一般将来时主动语态:will shall do被动语态:will shall be doneWe will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成与应用技巧
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成与应用技巧被动语态是英语中常见的一种语法结构,它经常被用来强调动作的承受者或者在不方便透露动作执行者的情况下使用。
在高中英语学习过程中,了解被动语态的构成和应用技巧对于提高语言表达能力至关重要。
本文将系统地归纳被动语态的构成方式及其在实际应用中的技巧。
一、被动语态的构成方式1. 基本结构被动语态的基本结构由“be + 过去分词(past participle)”构成。
不同的时态和语态形式会对“be”动词进行变化。
例如:- 现在时态:am/is/are + 过去分词- 过去时态:was/were + 过去分词- 将来时态:will be + 过去分词- 现在完成时态:have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时态:had been + 过去分词2. 注意事项- 在构成被动语态时,要根据句子的时态和主语的人称来选择正确的“be”动词形式。
- 过去分词通常由动词的过去分词形式构成。
例如:- 主动语态:They build houses.(他们建造房屋。
)- 被动语态:Houses are built by them.(房屋被他们建造。
)3. 宾语的处理在被动语态中,主动语态的宾语通常变成被动语态的主语,而主动语态的主语则变成被动语态的介词短语(通常由“by”引导)或被省略。
例如:- 主动语态:They eat apples.(他们吃苹果。
)- 被动语态:Apples are eaten by them.(苹果被他们吃。
)二、应用技巧1. 强调动作的承受者被动语态经常被用来强调动作的承受者,这样可以使句子更加生动有力。
例如:- 主动语态:They sell the products online.(他们在网上销售产品。
)- 被动语态:The products are sold online by them.(产品在网上被他们销售。
)2. 避免透露动作执行者有时候,在句子中不方便或者不需要透露动作的执行者,被动语态可以起到这样的作用。
高中英语被动语态讲解及练习
高中语法:被动语态Ⅰ. 含义与构成1.被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作,也就是说,主语是谓语动作的承受者。
谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。
2.构成:be + 过去分词(be有时可用become 或get代替)Be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。
3.被动语态的各种时态形式有:English is spoken in many countries.Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare.Many believe that one day the earth will be destroyed if people do not learn to live in peace.His plan is being carried out successfully.The new curtains were being hung when the visitors showed up.The car will be being cleaned by my brother.I’ve been robbed.The outcome of the election was announced before all of the votes had been counted.Everything will have been done by the end of this month.Ⅱ. 用法1.要用到被动语态的情况1)强调动作的承受者:Frank was hit by a car.A new idea has been suggested.2)说话者不知道动作的执行者,或者认为没有必要指出:This bridge was built in 1700.The house is being repaired.3)说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观,避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态:此类通常为表示\"据说\"或\"相信\" 的词组,基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say,see, suppose, think, understand等组成,如:It is said that…据说;It is reported that… 据报道;It is believedthat…大家相信;It is hoped that…大家希望;It is well known that… 众所周知It is said that Japan’s industrial progress after the war was very remarkable.4)在文章标题、广告、新闻中Waitress wanted.Millions of pounds’ worth of damage has been caused by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.2.感官动词主动语态的宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式,变为被动语态时,该不定式前要加"to":The teacher made me go out of the classroom.--> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).We saw him play football on the playground.--> He was seen to play football on the playground.3.情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+ be +过去分词,Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. 煤可以产生工农业需要的电。
高中英语被动语态知识点总结
高中英语被动语态知识点总结
一、被动语态的构成
被动语态由助动词be加动词的过去分词构成。
助动词be有时态,人称和数的变化。
二、被动语态的用法
1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。
2.动作的承受者是句子的主语时。
3.动作的接受者比动作的执行者显得突出时。
4.汉语中没有被动语态时。
三、被动语态的时态
被动语态的各种时态形式与相对应的主动语态时态相同。
其时间状语需根据实际情况来添加。
四、被动语态的人称和数的变化
1.若句中主语为第三人称单数,则动词使用第三人称单数形式。
2.若句中主语为复数形式,则动词使用复数形式。
3.若句中主语为第二人称单数和第一人称复数、第二人称复数,则动词也使用相应的形式。
五、特殊的被动结构
1.使役动词have,get,make等构成被动结构时,后面只能用不定式的复合结构。
2.感官动词see,hear,watch,feel等构成被动结构时,后面应用不定式的复合结构,且用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
3.动词不定式在句中作主语、表语、宾语等句子成分时,定式通常要用主动式表示被动意义。
4.“It is a pity that…”“It is a shame that…”“It is a surprise that…”等结构中后面的that从句中的主语和谓语动词构成主动关系,使用被动语态。
高中被动语态精华讲解
高中被动语态精华讲解一、什么是被动语态?被动语态是英语中一种常见的动词形式,用于表达动作的接受者或受事者。
在被动语态中,主语成为动作的承受者,而表达执行动作的动词变为被动形式。
被动语态的构成通常由助动词be加上主动语态的过去分词来完成。
二、被动语态的构成1. 肯定句结构:be(根据时态变化)+ 过去分词 + by + 主语(动作接受者)2. 否定句结构:be(根据时态变化)+ not + 过去分词 + by + 主语(动作接受者)3. 一般疑问句结构:be(根据时态变化)+ 过去分词 + by + 主语(动作接受者)+ ?三、被动语态的时态变化1. 一般现在时被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词 + by + 主语(动作接受者)例句:The cake is baked by Mary.(这个蛋糕是由玛丽烤的。
)2. 一般过去时被动语态:was/were + 过去分词 + by + 主语(动作接受者)例句:The book was written by the famous author.(这本书是由这位著名作家写作的。
)3. 一般将来时被动语态:will be + 过去分词 + by + 主语(动作接受者)例句:The letter will be delivered by the postman.(这封信将会被邮递员送达。
)四、被动语态的用法1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作执行者时,使用被动语态。
例句:The car was stolen.(这辆车被盗了。
)2. 强调动作的承受者或受事者时,使用被动语态。
例句:The new stadium will be used for the Olympic Games.(新体育场将被用于奥运会。
)3. 在科学、新闻报道中常使用被动语态。
例句:A new vaccine has been developed by scientists.(科学家们研发出了一种新疫苗。
高中被动语态讲解
高中被动语态讲解被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构,用于强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
在高中英语研究中,被动语态是一个重要的知识点。
本文将简要介绍高中被动语态的构成和用法。
构成被动语态被动语态的构成通常由“be”动词的不同形式和及物动词的过去分词形式组成。
下面是被动语态的构成规则:1. 一般现在时的被动语态:am / is / are + 过去分词2. 一般过去时的被动语态:was / were + 过去分词3. 现在进行时的被动语态:am / is / are being + 过去分词4. 现在完成时的被动语态:have / has been + 过去分词5. 过去完成时的被动语态:had been + 过去分词6. 将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词被动语态的用法被动语态在句子中的使用通常有以下几种情况:1. 强调动作的接受者:通过使用被动语态,可以将动作的接受者放在句子的主语位置,从而强调接受者而不是执行者。
2. 没有执行者或执行者不重要:有些情况下,我们可能只关注动作的结果而不在乎执行者是谁,这时可以使用被动语态。
3. 具体事宜不明确或不想透露执行者:在某些情况下,句子的执行者可能具有敏感性或不明确,这时可以使用被动语态隐藏执行者。
被动语态的使用要根据具体情况而定,需要根据上下文和语境来判断何时使用被动语态。
注意事项在使用被动语态时,需要注意以下几点:1. 形容词和副词的顺序保持不变:在被动语态中,形容词和副词的顺序保持不变,即放在动词后面。
2. 及物动词才能构成被动语态:只有及物动词才能构成被动语态,而不及物动词不能使用被动语态。
3. 一些常见动词的变化:一些常见动词的过去分词形式不规则,需要进行记忆和掌握。
练题下面是几个练题,帮助加深对被动语态的理解:1. The book ______________ by the students yesterday.(borrow)2. English ______________ by many people around the world.(speak)3. The cake ______________ in the kitchen by my mom.(bake)请把答案写在下面,并将答案改为被动语态的形式:2. English ______________ by many people around the world.3. The cake ______________ in the kitchen by my mom.总结被动语态是高中英语研究中的重要知识点。
高考语法被动语态
高考语法被动语态高考英语语法被动语态被动语态在英语中是一个重要的语法结构,也是高考中常考的一部分。
掌握被动语态的用法和构成规则对于提高写作和阅读理解的能力非常重要。
本文将为大家详细介绍高考英语语法被动语态的相关知识点,帮助大家更好地应对高考。
一、被动语态的构成规则被动语态由不及物动词和及物动词的宾语加上be动词的各种时态构成。
be动词的时态根据主语的时态来决定。
被动语态的构成公式为:be(各种时态)+过去分词。
1. 现在时态:am/is/are(被动语态) + 过去分词例如:The letter is written by Mary.(这封信是玛丽写的)2. 过去时态:was/were(被动语态) + 过去分词例如:The car was repaired by the mechanic.(这辆车是机修工修的)3. 现在完成时态:have/has(被动语态) + been + 过去分词例如:The book has been read by many people.(这本书已经被很多人读过了)4. 过去完成时态:had(被动语态) + been + 过去分词例如:The work had been finished when he arrived.(他到达时工作已经完成了)5. 将来时态:will be(被动语态) + 过去分词例如:The report will be presented tomorrow.(这份报告将于明天呈现)二、被动语态的用法被动语态主要用于以下几个方面:1. 强调行为的承受者例如:The concert was attended by thousands of people.(成千上万人参加了这场音乐会)2. 不知道或不提及行为的执行者例如:The bike was stolen last night.(这辆自行车昨晚被偷了)3. 对行为的执行者表示无关或不重要例如:The window was broken by accident.(窗户不小心被打破了)4. 当使用主动语态时没有行为的执行者例如:English is spoken all over the world.(英语在全世界使用)(注意:这个句法中没有明确的执行者,因为人们世界各地都在使用英语)三、被动语态的注意事项在使用被动语态时,我们需要注意以下几个问题:1. be动词的时态根据主语的情况来确定例如:The book is being read by students.(这本书正在被学生们读)2. 不及物动词无被动语态,无法构成被动语态的动词需要转换为及物动词或使用其他表达方式。
高中被动语态精华讲解1
高中被动语态精华讲解1高中被动语态精华讲解被动语态是高中英语语法中的一个重要知识点,也是学生们较难掌握的部分。
掌握被动语态的用法不仅可以提高语法水平,还能够帮助学生更好地理解和运用英语。
一、被动语态的定义和结构1. 定义:被动语态是表示主语是被动接受动作的一种语态。
在被动语态中,主语是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
2. 结构:被动语态的一般结构为“be + 过去分词”。
其中,be的形式根据主语的不同来决定,过去分词则是动词的过去式形式。
例如:主动语态:They built a new school.被动语态:A new school was built by them.二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作承受者:在一些情况下,强调动作的承受者比执行者更重要。
此时可以使用被动语态。
例如:主动语态:He wrote this song.被动语态:This song was written by him.2. 不知道或没有必要知道动作执行者:有时候,并不关心或者无法知道动作的执行者是谁。
这时使用被动语态可以更好地表达这种情况。
例如:主动语态:Someone has stolen my bike.被动语态:My bike has been stolen.3. 特殊句型的使用:在某些句型中,被动语态是固定搭配,必须使用被动语态表达。
例如:主动语态:They say that he is a genius.被动语态:It is said that he is a genius.三、被动语态的时态和语态变化1. 时态变化:被动语态的时态是由be的形式来决定的。
be根据动词的时态进行变化。
例如:一般现在时:am/is/are + 过去分词一般过去时:was/were + 过去分词一般将来时:will be + 过去分词现在进行时:am/is/are being + 过去分词过去进行时:was/were being + 过去分词2. 语态变化:被动语态中的动词以及其它补充成分的变化规律如下:- 一般现在时:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时:主语 + was/were + 过去分词- 一般将来时:主语 + will be + 过去分词- 现在进行时:主语 + am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时:主语 + was/were being + 过去分词四、常见被动语态的使用错误在学习和使用被动语态时,需要注意一些常见的错误。
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3. 一般将来时: They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.
3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词,要把它们作为整体看,即 把它们看成一个及物动词,介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词 有: 不及物动词+ 介词,如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。
without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a
teacher. 2. 一般过去时:
They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten.
7. 现在完成时: Someone has told me the sports meet might be put off. I have been told the sports meet might be put off. We have brought down the price. The price has been brought down.
him.
(四) 被 动 语 态 的 使 用
1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动语态,这时 往往不用by 短语。
“Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class. ” (只是告诉老师杯子坏了,不知是谁弄坏的,或不想说出谁弄坏的)。 2.突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by 短语。
possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon
as possible.
5. 现在进行时: The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio. We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted.
6. 过去进行时: — Why didn't they drive there on time? — Because the workers were mending the road. Because the road was being mended. This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year.
8. 过去完成时: When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out
the tickets. When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already
been sold out. The whole country was very sad at the news of his death;
(六)语态转换时所注意的问题
1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态 保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
We have bought a new computer. A new computer has been bought. (正确) A new computer have been bought. (错误) 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时,可分别将其中的一个宾语变 为主语,另一个不动,一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 保留宾语
高三英语总复习语法系列训练
被动语态详解
(一) 语 态 分 类
英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。主动语 态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的 承受者。如:
They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)
(五)主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1) My aunt invited me to her dinner party. 主语 谓语 宾语
→ I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.
主语 谓语
宾语
(2) The school set up a special class to help poor readers.
These records were made by John Denver. The cup was broken by Paul. 3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者,也不是动作的承受者时, 这时常用in + 名词作状语,而代替 by 短语。 These cars were made in China. 15, 000 cars will be produced each year in the new factory.
The patient is being operated on. The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about. 及物动词+ 副词:如:bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。 His request was turned down. The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather.
过去完成时:
had + been + given
将来完成时:
shall / will + have been + given
过去将来完成时:
should / would + have been + given
[注]被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将 Nhomakorabea进行时。
(三)被动语态常用的八种时态
1. 一般现在时: People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab
was / were +given
一般将来时:
shall / will + given
一般过去将来时:
should / would + given
现在进行时:
am / is / are + being + given
过去进行时:
was / were + being + given
现在完成时:
have / has + been + given
→ A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.
1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词,时态要与原 句保持一致。 3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语,放在被动语态里谓语动 词之后,by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词,在被动语 态中用in + 地点名词作状语。
汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用 来表示被动,而英语用:助动词be + 及物动词的过去分 词构成。
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化
主要体现在be的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全
一样。以give 为例,列表如下:
一般现在时:
am / is / are + given
一般过去时:
如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语,则在间接宾语(指人)前加适 当的介词,如上句还可以说:
A present was given to me yesterday.
注意:一般在下列动词后,常在间接宾语前用介词 to,如:
bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 The cup with mixture was showed to the class. My bike was lent to her. 一般在下列动词后,间接宾语前用介词 for, 如: build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。 Mother made me a new skirt. (A new skirt was made for me. ) The meat was cooked for us. Some country music was played for us. 有些既不用to 也不用for, 根据动词与介词的搭配关系。 He ask me a question. (A question was asked of me. ) People all over the world know the Great Wall. The Great Wall is known to people all over the world. (不用by短语)