2015北京航空航天大学考博英语真题完形填空训练方法分析

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2015考研英语二完形填空及答案

2015考研英语二完形填空及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with - or even looking at - a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they cling to their phones, even without a 1 on a subway.It’s a sad reality - our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings- becausethere’s 2 to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn’t know it,3 into your phone. This universal protection sends the4 :“Please don’t approach me.”What is it that makes us feel we need to hid 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, an executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as “weird.”We fear we’ll be 7 . We fear we’ll be disruptive.Strangers are inherently 8 to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this uneasiness, we 10 to turn our phones. “Phones become our security blanket,”Wortmann says. “They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .”But once we rip off the band-aid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn’t12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters todo the unthinkable:“Start a 13 . They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14 . When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how the would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on thier own,”The New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn’t expect a positive experience, after they 17 with the experiment, “not a single person reported having been embarrassed.”18 these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those without communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that 20 : Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1.[A]signal [B]permit [C]ticket [D]record2.[A]nothing [B]little [C]another [D]much3.[A]beaten [B]guided [C]plugged [D]brought4.[A]sign [B]code [C]notice [D]message5.[A]under [B]behind [C]beyond [D]from6.[A]misapplied [B]mismatched [C]misajusted [D]misinterpreted7.[A]replaced [B]fired [C]judged [D]delayed8.[A]unreasonable [B]ungrateful [C]unconventional [D]unfamiliar9.[A]comfortable [B]confident [C]anxious [D]angry10.[A]attend [B]point [C]take [D]turn11.[A]dangerous [B] mysterious [C]violent [D]boring12.[A]hurt [B] resist [C]bend [D]decay13.[A]lecture [B]conversation [C]debate [D]negotiation14.[A]passengers [B]employees [C]researchers [D]trainees15.[A]reveal [B]choose [C]predict [D]design16.[A]voyage [B]ride [C]walk [D]flight17.[A]went though [B]did away [C]caught up [D]put up18.[A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In particular [D]In consequence19. [A]unless [B]since [C]if [D]whereas20. [A]funny [B]logical [C]simple [D]rare答案：A. signalD. muchB. pluggedD. messageC. behindD. misinterpretedC. judgedD. unfamiliarA. anxiousD. turnA. dangerousA hurtB. conversationA. passengersC. predictB. rideA. went throughB. in factB. sinceC. simple凯程教育：凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。

北京航空航天大学博士研究生入学考试试题一参考答案及详解

北京航空航天大学博士研究生入学考试英语模拟试题一PART 1 Listening Comprehension (20 points) (略)PART II Reading Comprehension(30 points)Directions:There are four passages in the part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Read the passages carefully and decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage 1Unless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids(小行星) now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists.Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids(流星) that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don't threaten us. But there are also thousands whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth.Buy $ 40 million worth of new telescopes right now. Then spend $ 10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one, the scientists say, we'll have a way to change its course.Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear weapons. But the cost wouldn't be cheap.Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: 1) How likely the event is; and 2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 400, 000 years. Sounds pretty rare-but if one did fall, it would be the end of the world. "If we don't take care of these big asteroids, they'll take care of us," says one scientist. "It's that simple."The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? "The world has less to fear from doomsday (毁灭性的) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them," said a New Y ork Times article.21. What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids?A. They are heavenly bodies different in composition.B. They are heavenly bodies similar in nature.C. There are more asteroids than meteoroids.D. Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids.22. What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth?A. It is very unlikely but the danger exists.B. Such a collision might occur once every 25 years.C. Collisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected.D. It's still too early to say whether such a collision might occur.23. What do people think of the suggestion of using nuclear weapons to alter the course of asteroids?A. It sounds practical but it may not solve the problem.B. It may create more problems than it might solve.C. It is a waste of money because a collision of asteroids with Earth is very unlikely.D. Further research should be done before it is proved applicable.24. We can conclude from the passage that _.A. while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the worldB. asteroids racing across the night sky are likely to hit Earth in the near futureC. the worry about asteroids can be left to future generations since it is unlikely to happen in our lifetimeD. workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth.25. Which of the following best describes the author's tone in this pass age?A. Optimistic.B. Critical.C. Objective.D. Arbitrary.Passage 2Believe it or not,optical illusion (错觉) can cut highway crashes.Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons (人字形)painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.Now the American Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D. C. is planning to repeat Japan's success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatest-curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bar.Chevrons, scientists say，not only give drivers the impress ion that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.26. The passage mainly discusses .A. a new way of highway speed controlB. a new pattern for painting highwaysC. a new approach to training driversD. a new type of optical illusion27. On roads painted with chevrons drivers tend to feel that .A. they should avoid speed-related hazardsB. they are driving in the wrong laneC. they should slow down their speedD. they are approaching the speed limit28. The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former .A. can keep drivers awakeB. can cut road accidents in halfC. will have a longer effect on driversD. will look more attractive29. The American Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to .A. try out the Japanese method in certain areasB. change the road signs across the countryC. replace straight horizontal bars with chevronsD. repeat the Japanese road patterns30. What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads?A. They are falling out of use in the United States.B. They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time.C. They are applicable only on broad roads.D. They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles.Passage 3There are a number of formats for reporting research, such as articles to appear in journals, reports addressed to funding agencies, theses or dissertations as part of the requirements for university degrees, and papers to be presented at conferences. These formats differ from one another mostly in their purposes and the audiences whom they address. We will now briefly describe them.The journal article is a way of reporting research for professional journals or edited collections. The research is reporting in a brief, yet informative way, focusing mostly on the main features of the research such as the purpose, review of the literature ( often referred to as "background" ), procedures used for carrying out the research accompanied by tables, charts, and graphs, and interpretations of the results ( often referred to as discussion).The content and emphasis of the journal article will vary according to the intended readers (research or practitioners) and it is important for the researcher to be aware of the background and interest of the readers of the journal. Articles intended to be read by practitioners will emphasize the practical implications and recommendations of the research, while articles intended to be read by researchers will describe in detail the method used to collect data, the construction of data collection procedures, and the techniques used for analyzing the data. It is important for the novice researcher to be aware of the fact that articles submitted to journals go through a process of evaluation by experts who make a judgment and recommend whether they should be published or not.The thesis or dissertation is a format for reporting research which graduate students write as part of fulfilling the requirements for an advanced academic degree. The student is expected to describe in great detail all the phases of the research so it can be examined and evaluated carefully by the reader. Thus the thesis or dissertation includes the purpose and significance of the study, the rationale, a thorough review of the literature, detailed information as to the research tools and the procedures involved in their development, a description of data analysis and the results, and an interpretation of the results in the form of conclusions, implications, and recommendation. Thisdetailed description of the process of the research is needed to provide the professors with an indication of the student's ability to carry out research.The conference paper is a way of reporting research at conferences, seminars and colloquia. At such meetings research papers are usually presented orally. They are similar to the research 'article since research is reported in a concise, yet informative way, focusing on the most essential elements of the research. Handouts and transparencies can also accompany the presentations. As with the research article, here too, the content and emphasis of the oral report will depend to a large extent on the type of audience present at the meeting .and whether they are researchers or practitioners.31. The best title for this passage could beA. Types of Research ReportsB. Types of Journal ArticlesC. Writing of research ReportsD. Writing of Different Artic les32. The common aspect for the journal articles, theses and conference papers lies in thatA. they are all for the practitionersB. they are all to be read by researchersC. they are all for being publishedD. they are all forms of reporting research33. We can distinguish those research reports from each other mainly throughA. their writing style and lengthB. their aims and possible audiencesC. their presented places and timeD. their content and purposes34. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in this passage?A. Both journal articles and conference papers are reported in a brief and informative way.B. All the theses or dissertations and conference papers are reported in spoken languages.C. Both the journal articles and conference papers are influenced greatly by the intended receivers.D. The various formats of research reports may be presented in different ways.35. How can a professor evaluate a student's capability of implementing the research?A. By concentrating on the main factors like the purpose, background, procedures and discussion.B. By emphasizing the practical implications and recommendations of the research.C. By focusing on the detailed description of the process of the research such as the tools, procedures, the process of data analysis, the results, conclusions, etc.D. By noticing the detailed method used to collect the data, the construction of the data collection procedures, the techniques for analyzing the date and results, etc.Passage 4In recent years, many Americans of both sexes and various ages have become interested in improving their bodies. They have become devoted to physical fitness. The need to exercise has almost become compulsive with many persons who have a strong desire to be more physically fit.By nature, Americans are enthusiastic and energetic about their hobbies and pastimes. They apply this enthusiasm, and energy to jogging/running. As a result, there are running clubs to join andmany books and magazines to read about running.The desire to be physically fit is explained by a "passion" for good health. The high rate of heart attacks in the 1960s caused an increase on the part of the public in improving the human body.Middle-aged men especially suffer from heart attacks. Thus, they are one group strongly interested in more physical exercise. In fact, many doctors encourage their patients to become more physically active, especially those who have sedentary jobs. It is interesting to note that the rate of heart attacks began to decrease in the 1970s and it is still decreasing.Physical fitness currently enjoys a favored role in the United States. It is a new "love" that many Americans have cherished. Will it last long? Only time will tell or until another "new passion" comes along.36. In recent years, many Americans have become interested in improving their bodies becauseA. they are enthusiastic about their hobbies and pastimesB. they have a strong desire to be more physically fitC. there are many running clubs to joinD. there are many books and magazines to read about running37. The passage implies that is a great favorite of many Americans, men and women, old and young.A. jogging/runningB. joining running clubsC. reading books and magazines about runningD. going in for all kinds of sports38. Middle-aged men suffering from heart attacksA. are compulsive joggersB. are encouraged by their doctors to go in for jogging/runningC. are interested in taking more physical exerciseD. are enthusiastic and energetic about hobbies and pastimes39. In the sentence "In fact, many doctors encourage their patients to become more physically active, especially those who have sedentary jobs", the word "sedentary" meansA. involving physical workB. needing much sittingC. energy-consumingD. sleep-producing40. According to the passage, will the love for physical exercise last long for Americans?A. Y es.B. No.C. Somebody can tell.D. It is hard to tell.PART III Vocabulary (10 points)Directions: In this part, there are 20 sentences with four choices below each sentence. Choose the best one from the 4 choices. Then mark the corresponding letter oil the ANSWER SHEET witha single line through the center.41. Not until the game had begun __ at the sports ground.A. should he have arrivedB. had he arrivedC. did he arriveD. would he had arrived42. Neither at this meeting nor at the previous one _ the proposal.A. they did not discussB. did they discussC. do they discussD. would they discuss43. The molecules of gases move more freely than __A. do liquids and solidsB. liquids and solids doC. do those of liquids and solidsD. those do of liquids and solids44. The taller the container, _________ at the bottom.A. the greater will the water pressure beB. the water pressure will be greaterC. the greater will be the water pressureD. greater the water pressure will be45. from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him.A. Jumped down the burglarB. Down the burglar jumpedC. The burglar jumped downD. Down jumped the burglar46. To the north of the city __ a small island.A. lainB. liesC. was thereD. there lays47. she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.A. That was from StephenB. It was Stephen whomC. It was from Stephen thatD. It was Stephen that48. Was it __ the professor regarded with such contempt?A. them whoB. them whomC. he whoD. those49. __ the Europeans began to learn how to use the compass on their ships.A. It was not until the 12th century whenB. Hardly it was the 12th century thanC. No sooner it was the 12th century whenD. It was not until the 12th century that50. When I try to understand _ _ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.A. why it doesB. what it doesC. what it isD. why it is51. More often it is the President, and not the members of his cabinet, __ the populace.A. who appeal toB. to whom appeal toC. whom appeals toD. who appeals to52. On the large board in the main hall of the airport .you can easily find the different Destinations __which airlines can take you.A. inB. ofC. toD. by53. Not until actually faced with water scarcity __ appreciate the value of water to a region.A. one canB. one can notC. can oneD. can not one54. Most people don't think of a stamp as a receipt, but that is __ it really is a proof of just how much money you have paid in advance for mail delivery.A. whatB. whyC. howD. who55. Without water from the Nile River, Egypt __ a farming country and become a desert.A. will cease to beB. would cease to beC. will cease beingD. would cease being56. Although he refused to act on my suggestion, he had to admit that what I said.A. it was something inB. there was something asC. it was something asD. there was something in57. There is little, __, farming in that area and all you can see is miles of wild countryside.A. if soB. if suchC. if notD. if any58. In his lecture, the education expert emphasized the fact that nowadays children are exposed to many influences that of their families.A. rather thanB. other thanC. except forD. but for59. The singer on the stage has a young __ face and a voice of an __A. boy...angelB. boy's…angelC. boy…ang el'sD. boy's…angel's60. A new material __, we have good reason to be optimistic.A. developedB. being developedC. was being developedD. was developed PART IV Cloze (10 points)Directions: In this part, there are incomplete sentences in the following passage. For each sentence there arefour choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.What attracts customers? Obviously the quality of a product does, but visual images 61a great deal. It is not only the image provided by the packaging that 62 but the whole corporate63 of the company. There are now many products and services on the market which are similar in content 64 produced by different companies. It is vital, therefore, for a company to 65 itself from its competitors by having a strong company image which is immediately 66 Logos are part of this image. They are 67 which often include a name or initials to identify a company. The logo establishes a 68 identity for the company, just as different groups of young people express their identity through hairstyles and clothes. All groups from all cultures and 69 the ages have used colors and symbols to show their identity. In different cultures, different colors 70 different meanings. Some colors may be connected with coldness in one culture and with 71 in another:some colors represent 72 in one culture but death in another. International companies have, 73 , to make sure that their logos will not be misunderstood or misinterpreted in different countries.Many companies have, over the years, 74 their logos to fit in with contemporary design and to present more powerful images. Company logos can be emotive and can 75 loyalty by 76 the instinct. Some logos 77 an idea of the product, and a case in point is the steering wheel in the Mercedes logo. Logos are used on letterheads, packaging and 78 as well as on the product itself. They may also appear in newspapers or on television as part of an advertising 79 .Companies need to have a strong corporate identity. The logo helps to promote this image andto fix it in the minds of the 80 . Logos, therefore, need to be original and to have impact and style.61. A. attribute B. contribute C. devote D. attract62. A. concerns B. involves C. counts D. means63. A. features B. quality C. identity D. status64. A. instead B. and C. though D. as65. A. exist B. isolate C. hold D. distinguish66. A. observable B. differentiable C. recognizable D. accountable67. A. symbols B. signs C. signals D. indications68. A. visible B. visual C. brief D. explicit69. A. in B. throughout C. for D. between70. A. contain B. carry C. predominate D. convey71. A. mildness B. consolation C. affection D. warmth72. A. life B. love C. live D. alive73. A. otherwise B. still C. therefore D. additionally74. A. continued B. kept C. changed D. refreshed75. A. promote B. inspire C. prompt D. stir76. A. regarding B. impressing C. influencing D. effecting77. A. combine B. collaborate C. incorporate D. blend78. A. covers B. brochures C. contents D. volumes79. A. movement B. plan C. campaign D. function80. A. consumers B. employers C. reporters D. manufacturersPART V T ranslation (15 points)Directions:Read the following passage carefully and then translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET (2).The fact known to us is that war, different from what many people believe it to be, is not completely an outcome of" humanity". Otherwise，war and violence among people would exist in all the human history or ahnost all societies. However, this is not the truth. Archaeologists' investigation results seem to suggest that men lived quite a peaceful life long ago. For example, among ancient French cave drawings which were earlier than 10, 000 B. C., there were no pictures describing people fighting with each other. This indicates that, in that early period of mankind, fight among people was comparatively rare.In a certain way, this discovery is not surprising at all:in the world of animals, it's rare for one to prey on another of its own species. They do kill other kinds of animals, but not their own. Like most animals, the proportion of inner violence among early human beings was relatively small. Therefore, war is not the inherent outcome of humanity but that of certain social and cultural conditions.PART VI Writing(15 points)Directions:A. Study the following graph carefully and write an essay in 200 words.B. Your essay should meet the requirements below.Outline:1. Interpret the graph.2. Suggest counter-measures.3. Give advice for jobseekers.参考答案及解析21．B 依据文章第二段第1行可以判断出两者性质相似只是体积不同，排除A项；文中并无两者数量上的比较，排除C项；也没有涉及D项的内容。

2015北航考博英语英译汉真题复习经验

2015北航考博英语英译汉真题复习经验所以，对于英译汉中每个词语的翻译都需要仔细斟酌，不可轻易凭经验而译。

育明考博辅导专家提醒考生，在翻译一个词时，看到的绝不应该仅仅是这个词本身，必须充分考虑它在上下文中所处的地位以及与其他词的搭配关系，孤立的译词是下下之策。

育明考博辅导专家提醒考生，翻译做得好对于阅读理解和作文，甚至取得高分是具有很大的帮助，所以，大家一定不可因为分值较小对其忽视。

寻找贴切的汉语必须在准确理解的基础上，寻找贴切的汉语来表达。

如何展开联想，字斟句酌，反复推敲，得到“神来之笔”呢?根据汉语习惯，通过“适当调整”就可以!因为汉语是我们的母语，我们深知汉语语言的思维习惯和表达习惯。

同时，调整的是各个句子的成分，比如说:后置定语可以翻译在其中心词前;定语从句如果易于表达、信息量不大可以提到先行词前，如果信息量大，放在先行词前表达起来很累赘，就可以考虑独立成一句话;表示时间、条件、原因等的状语从句可以放在主句之前或之后来翻译。

在整个翻译的解题过程中，我们一定要注意分析、理清句子结构，在准确理解的基础上，用符合汉语语言习惯的句子来翻译。

惟有这样才能做到“准确、通顺、完整”。

提高自身文化素质英译汉短文内容大体上涉及当前人们普遍关注的社会生活、政治、经济、历史、文化、科普等方面的一般常识或社会、自然科学与技术常识的题材。

体裁多为议论文。

科学常识性的题材占了相当大的比重。

因此考生就应明确认识到，要想在英语考试中取得成功，必须在基本训练上狠下工夫。

育明考博辅导专家提醒考生，首先要扩大知识面，提高自身文化素质。

考生如果熟悉试题内容，将有助于对短文的深入理解，增强信心，提高翻译水平。

考生应利用各种渠道，特别是通过大量浏览中、英文报纸杂志，扩大相关的知识面。

虽然很多考生把翻译试做可有可无的，因为翻译的分数比较难以获得，但是如果大家按照一定的方法来复习的话，还是有可能攻克翻译这道难关的。

四.考博英语题型简介1、英语复习推荐用书：育明考博教研部主编的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。

北京航空航天大学考博英语阅读真题及其解析

北京航空航天大学考博英语阅读真题及其解析Education is an absolute imperative in the emerging globalknowledge society,so new ways of providing access to education fora much higher percentage of the population are now being devised.The most dramatic examples of access to education are found inthe11distance-education mega-universities found around the world.In"distance education,"the student is separated in time or spacefrom the teacher or professor.The largest of these high enrollmentuniversities is in China,the China Central Radio and TelevisionUniversity,with more than3million students.The English-speakingworld has the British Open University,with215,000students,and theUniversity of South Africa,with120,000students.In addition to themega-universities,dozens of other national and regional systems areproviding education at all levels to students.The base delivery system for the distance-education Geng duo yuanxiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quanguo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huojia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi mega-universities istelevision,supplemented by other technologies or even some onsiteinstruction in more-developed countries.Some distance-educationsystems use two-way interactive video connections to particularlocations where students gather;others supplement with the Internet,and still others deliver only by Internet.Withvideo-and-audio-streaming now available,the Internet appears to bethe technology of choice for systems where students have access to computers.Of course,these technologies merely add to the radio--delivered courses that have been offered for years in many countries around the world.The programs and courses offered vary from basic literacy courses to the highest graduate-level programming.Hundreds of university degrees are now available through distance education,where90%or more of the required credits are given at a distance,as are dozens of master's degrees and a small number of accredited doctoral degrees. One estimate suggests that50,000university-level courses are now available through distance-education delivery systems.There will be two main types of educational institutions:those that add value in coursework and those that are certifying agencies. The certifying colleges and universities are those that act as educational bankers for students.Students will earn credits from many places and have the credits or certifications of completion sent to the certifying university,then that certifying university will award the degree when enough credits of the right type have been accumulated.Regent's College of the University of the State of New York and Thomas Edison College of New Jersey are public certifying institutions that give accredited degrees.One vision for some of the remaining residential colleges in the United States,now serving mainly the18-to-23-year-old population, is that many will become certifying colleges.Students will come tothe colleges for their social,artistic,athletic,and spiritual programs.The basic commodity these colleges will sell is membership in the college community.Students will access their courses from colleges and universities around the world,transfer the credits to the college,then gain a degree.Faculty members will serve as tutors and advisers and may provide some courses live.(479words)51.What is the passage mainly about?[A]The emerging global knowledge society[B]Distance-education mega-universities[C]The largest of these high enrollment universities[D]Two main types of educational institutions52.It may be inferred that the Internet could be the technology of choice in_______.[A]the China Central Radio and TelevisionUniversity[B]the University of South Africa[C]the British Open University[D]the English-speaking world53.We learn from the passage that the distance-education programs may offer all the following EXCEPT______.[A]virtually all the basic literacy courses and the highest graduate-level programming[B]nearly90%of the required credits[C]courses for master's degrees and accredited doctoral degrees[D]50,000university-level courses54.The residential colleges in the United States______.[A]serve only the18-to-23-year-old population[B]provide students with social,artistic,athletic,and spiritual programs[C]provide courses from colleges and universities around the world[D]may provide a lot of faculty members to conduct courses lively55.Judging from the context we know that a mega-universityis_______.[A]the largest of these high enrollment universities[B]the China Central Radio and TelevisionUniversity[C]the British Open University[D]a university with very large number of studentsText1151. B.远程教育的百万人大学。

2015年考博英语真题应用

2015年考博英语真题应用真题应用很关键考博英语对于很多考生来说，是困扰他们的一大难关。

从每年英语没过线的考生人数就可以看出，英语复习必须全力以赴，容不得半点侥幸心理，只有付出才有收获。

全国免费电话：四零零六六八六九七八.2015考博交流群：一零五六一九八二零，联系我们扣扣：二四七八七四八零五四或者四九三三七一六二六。

首先，词汇是基础。

词汇是英语的基石，但是我们都知道词汇的记忆是一项很枯燥的工作，因为它要的是真功夫。

关于词汇的学习根据每个人的不同情况会有不同的方法，常见的背诵单词书、做真题记单词。

关于第一种背诵方法有两点建议：在整块背诵的基础上注意零余时间的利用，比如随身携带一本小的单词书，只要有时间就拿出来看看;关于词汇书的选择，推荐西北大学出版的《考博词汇红宝书》和《考博英语词汇速记宝典》，在记单词的过程中，把不认识的单词标记出来，并且，重新抄写到一张新的纸上，一天记一个单元或者两个单元，就有新的一张或两张纸的陌生词汇被整理出来，然后，重点记忆这些陌生词汇，效率更高。

关于第二种的背诵方法，也是得到很多同学推崇的，做真题记单词，通过语境来记忆，就是从阅读中把单词挑出来背，做一篇阅读要把时间控制在15分钟以内，做完了要花大概45分钟去弄懂，光做不研究是没有效果的。

而且要切记，词汇记忆是每天的必修课。

再说，阅读。

阅读是大头，是做好其他一切题型的基础和前提。

而且不能只是做，一定要分析每一道题，你做对了，为什么做对了?做错了，为什么错?命题的思路是什么，一定要研究透彻。

特别推崇书上说的要读文章，大声的读以培养语感，以及更深刻的理解每一篇文章，读的时候会发现看的时候没有注意到的问题，当然又一次的温习了单词。

也可以把阅读中自己感觉比较好的句型记在小本子上，为以后的写作做好积累。

一般到了九月就可以做十年真题了。

考博英语最宝贵最权威的资料就是十年真题，它有自己的出题套路，反复做反复咀嚼就能培养题感。

阅读到最后，真题都特别熟了，可以做点模拟题，测下自己的水平。

北京航天航空大学考博英语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)

北京航天航空大学考博英语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Structure and V ocabulary 3. Cloze 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingReading ComprehensionThere are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people “generalists. “And these “generalists”are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people’s work, to begin it and judge it. The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a “trained” man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist —and especially the administrator —deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an “educated” man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly. Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you —but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.1．There is an increasing demand for______.A．all round people in their own fieldsB．people whose job is to organize other people’s workC．generalists whose educational background is either technical or professional D．specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others正确答案：B解析：第一段第三、四句指出，对“一眼即能看到很大范围，可能对任一领域都知之不多；能够看到森林而不是树木，能够做出总体判断”的人的需求在日益增加。

北京航空航天大学考博英语模拟试卷8(题后含答案及解析)

北京航空航天大学考博英语模拟试卷8(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Structure and V ocabulary 3. Cloze 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingReading ComprehensionBird wings have a much more complex job to do than the wings of an airplane, for in addition to supporting the bird they must act as its engine, rowing it through the air. Even so the wing outline or a bird conforms to the same aerodynamic principles as those eventually discovered by people when designing airplanes, and if you know how different kinds of aircraft perform, you can predict the flight capabilities of similarly shaped birds. Short, stubby wings enable a tanager and other forest-living to swerve and dodge at speed through the undergrowth, just as they helped the fighter planes of the Second World War to make tight turns and acrobatic maneuvers in a dog-fight. More modern fighters achieve greater speeds by sweeping back their wings while in flight, just as peregrines do when they go into a 130kph dive, swooping to a kill. Championship gliders have long, thin wings so that, having gained height in a thermal up-current they can soar gently down for hours and an albatross, the largest of flying birds, with a similar wing shape and a span of 3 meters, can patrol the ocean for hours in the same way without a single wing beat. Vultures and hawks circle at very slow speeds supported by a thermal and they have the broad rectangular wings that very slow-flying aircraft have. People have not been able to adapt wings to provide hovering flight. That has only been achieved with the whirling, horizontal blades of a helicopter or the downward-pointing engines of a vertical landing jet. Hummingbirds have paralleled even this. They tilt their bodies so that they are almost upright and then beat their wings as fast as 80 times a second producing a similar downdraft of air. So the hummingbird can hover and even fly backwards.1．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A．Bird wings have to support the bird.B．Bird wings must act as the bird’s engine.C．Airplane’s wings must act as the airplane’s engine.D．Similar wing shapes in aircraft and birds produce similar flight capabilities.正确答案：C解析：题目问：根据文章内容，哪项不是真实的?第一段“Bird wings have a much more complex job to do than the wings of an airplane，for in addition to supporting the bird they must act as its engine，rowing it through the air．”通过这句话可知，与飞机的机翼相比，鸟的翅膀的功能更复杂，它能支持鸟体，还是鸟飞翔的引擎。

15年b级英语真题答案解析

15年b级英语真题答案解析近年来，英语考试已经成为各大高校招生入学的重要环节之一。

而其中，b级英语真题备受考生关注。

本文将对15年b级英语真题进行解析，帮助考生更好地理解题目，并提供合理的答案解释。

言语能力题第一题是阅读理解。

文章主要讲述了宇航员在太空中的生活。

答案选择为B。

解析：根据文章最后一段可知，宇航员在太空中需要进行种种日常活动，因此可以排除A、C、D选项。

B选项提到他们在太空中建房，与文章相吻合。

第二题是填词练习。

根据题目意思，我们需要填入一个适当的单词来完善句子。

答案为misunderstand。

解析：根据前文“一些西方人经常误解中国文化”，后文中提到了“有些中国人对西方文化的认识也常常是错误的”，我们可以得出结论，填入一个表示“误解”的单词才能使句子更加完整。

语法能力题第一题是选择最佳选项。

根据题目意思，我们需要选择一个最佳的句子来叙述学生们猜测老师的年龄的事情。

答案选择为C。

解析：A 选项中的“other student”与题目中所说的“students”不符，可以排除；B选项使用了过去完成时态，与题目中所说的“猜测”不符；D 选项中的“to guess”没有被动语态，不符合题意。

因此，C选项是最佳答案。

第二题是句子改写。

根据题目意思，我们需要改写一个句子以使其更加符合语法规则。

答案选择为Sally asked her father if he would buy her a new dress for her birthday。

解析：根据原句中的“would he buy”可以看出，原句是一个直接疑问句，我们需要将其改写为间接疑问句，因此将“if”改为“whether”，并将宾语从前置到后置。

听力理解题第一题是选择正确的回答。

根据题目意思，我们需要选择一个与对话内容相符的回答。

答案选择为C。

解析：根据男士的问题，“Can you tell me how far the subway station is from here?”，我们可以推测他正在问如何到地铁站，而C选项中的“Yes, it’s not very far. Go straight and turn left at the second crossing. You will see it on your l eft.”回答了他的问题。

2015年高考英语完形填空真题满分技巧讲解

2015年高考英语完形填空真题满分技巧讲解第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Where do you go when you want to learn something?（点明文章的主题、中心learning）School?A friend?A tutor?These are all41（根据前一句推断）places of learning.（转换话题，引出学习应该在experience中）But it may well be that the learning you really want 42（考查词义辨析及语境）somewhere else instead.I had the43of seeing this first hand on a44（与51、46处同义复现weekend）.判断文章属于夹叙夹议文，关于教育的文体。

My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They did well this season and so45（推断有能力entered）a tournament（锦标赛）,which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some46（因果关系painful）experiences on Saturday as they played against teams47（选择better）trained.Through the first two games,her48(与49处seeing 同义复现)did not get one serious shot on goal.As a parent,I49（hated）seeing my daughter playing her best,(所以选but)50still defeated.（难句：作为家长，一般都不会喜欢看自己的孩子尽力了，又要输。

2015北京航空航天大学考博英语真题完形填空复习方法分析

中国考博辅导首选学校2015育明考博北京航空航天大学考博英语真题完形填空复习方法分析词汇的复习永远是重点词汇的复习其实分为三个层次：理解，辨析和运用。

理解主要是在阅读中考察，辨析主要是在完型中考察，而词汇的运用其实主要是在写作当中考察。

一般说来，需要理解的词汇难度最大，但是复习的时候往往只要知道意思就可以了，需要运用的词汇难度最小，但是却要详细的知道该如何使用这一词汇。

完形的词汇，从统计的概率上看，实词当中以四级词汇为主，四级及中学阶段需要掌握的词汇占到了历年实词考察当中的85%。

所以词汇的复习在完形和阅读部分应当是有所区别的。

育明考博辅导专家提醒考生，大家在复习完形的词汇的时候，可以找一本四级的词汇书，这样基本上就可以满足大部分的完形词汇了。

但是请注意，这本四级词汇书一定是要具有以下几种功能的：第一是有辨析功能，因为完形考的最多的就是这个；二是有固定搭配；三是有例句。

这里也顺便说一句，在复习其它词汇的时候，最好能找一本标记了四级、六级词汇的考博词汇书。

阅读绝度不能放松完形的解题是以阅读为基础的。

如果一篇文章读不懂那肯定是解不出来的。

阅读的复习分为三个层面。

首先是对文章整体意义和主题的把握。

因为有一些题目的选项就是与主题关系最为密切的选项，所以把握主题之后选择起来会比较容易。

其次是对句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间逻辑关系的把握。

最后是对句子内部结构的把握。

这种复习在初期用大阅读的文章来进行也可以，因为大阅读复习也必须要注意这几点。

育明考博辅导专家提醒考生，在阅读的时候不仅要注意以上三点，并且要对一些关键词汇敏感，比如重复出现的名词、动词；表示逻辑关系的词汇;否定词等等。

在阅读的过程中养成顺手将这一类词划出来的习惯，因为这一类词对于解题具有相当大的帮助。

最后要说的是，完形阅读对于细节把握的要求是要高于大阅读的，所以在真正做阅读训练大家务必只针对文章去读，而不是针对题目去读文章。

育明考博教研部主编的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。

北京航空航天大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析

北京航空航天大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析“I want to criticize the social system,and to show it at work,at its most intense.”Virginia Woolf’s provocative statement abouther intentions in writing Mrs.Dalloway has regularly been ignoredby the critics,since it highlights an aspect of her literaryinterests very different from the traditional picture of the Geng duoyuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xiquan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiuqi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi“poetic”novelistconcerned with examining states of reverie and vision and withfollowing the intricate pathways of individual consciousness.ButVirginia Woolf was a realistic as well as a poetic novelist,a satiristand social critic as well as a visionary:literary critics’cavalierdismissal of Woolf’s social vision will not withstand scrutiny.In her novels,Woolf is deeply engaged by the questions of howindividuals are shaped(or deformed)by their social environments,how historical forces impinge on people’s lives,how class,wealth,and gender help to determine people’s fates.Most of her novels arerooted in a realistically rendered social setting and in a precisehistorical time.Woolf’s focus on society has not been generally recognizedbecause of her intense antipathy to propaganda in art.The picturesof reformers in her novels are usually satiric or sharply critical.Even when Woolf is fundamentally sympathetic to their causes,sheportrays people anxious to reform their society and possessed of amessage or program as arrogant or dishonest,unaware of how their political ideas serve their own psychological needs.(Her Writer’s Diary notes:“the only honest people are the artists,”whereas “these social reformers and philanthropists…harbor…discreditable desires under the disguise of loving their kind…”) Woolf detested what she called“preaching”in fiction,too,and criticized novelist wrence(among others)for working by this method.Woolf’s own social criticism is expressed in the language of observation rather than in direct commentary,since for her,fiction is a contemplative,not an active art.She describes phenomena and provides materials for a judgment about society and social issues; it is the reader’s work to put the observations together and understand the coherent point of view behind them.As a moralist, Woolf works by indirection,subtly undermining officially accepted mores,mocking,suggesting,calling into question,rather than asserting,advocating,bearing witness:hers is the satirist’s art.Woolf’s literary models were acute social observers like Chekhov and Chaucer.As she put it in The Common Reader,“It is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything Chaucer said or wrote;and yet,as we read him, we are absorbing morality at every pore.”Like Chaucer,Woolf chose to understand as well as to judge,to know her society root and branch —a decision crucial in order to produce art rather than polemic.1.Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A]Poetry and Satire as Influences on the Novels of Virginia Woolf.[B]Virginia Woolf:Critic and Commentator on theTwentieth-Century Novel.[C]Trends in Contemporary Reform Movements as a Key to Understanding Virginia Woolf’s Novels.[D]Virginia Woolf’s Novels:Critical Reflections on the Individual and on Society.2.In the first paragraph of the text,the author’s attitude toward the literary critics mentioned can best be described as[A]disparaging.[B]ironic.[C]facetious.[D]skeptical but resigned.3.It can be inferred from the text that Woolf chose Chaucer asa literary example because she believed that[A]Chaucer was the first English author to focus on society as a whole as well as on individual characters.[B]Chaucer was an honest and forthright author,whereas novelists like wrence did not sincerely wish to change society.[C]Chaucer was more concerned with understanding his societythan with calling its accepted mores into question.[D]Chaucer’s writing was greatly,if subtly,effective in influencing the moral attitudes of his readers.4.It can be inferred from the text that the most probable reason Woolf realistically described the social setting in the majority of her novels was that she[A]was aware that contemporary literary critics considered the novel to be the most realistic of literary genres.[B]was interested in the effect of a person’s social milieu on his or her character and actions.[C]needed to be as attentive to detail as possible in her novels in order to support the arguments she advanced in them.[D]wanted to show that a painstaking fidelity in the representation of reality did not in any way hamper the artist.5.Which of the following phrases best expresses the sense of the word“contemplative”as it is used in line2,paragraph4of the text?[A]Gradually elucidating the rational structures underlying accepted mores.[B]Reflecting on issues in society without prejudice or emotional commitment.[C]Avoiding the aggressive assertion of the author’s perspective to the exclusion of the reader’s judgment.[D]Conveying a broad view of society as a whole rather thanfocusing on an isolated individual consciousness.[答案与考点解析]1.【答案】D【考点解析】这是一道中心主旨题。

北京航空航天大学考博英语真题及解析

北京航空航天大学考博英语真题及解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟)Ⅰ Reading ComprehensionTest One(总题数：1，分数：7.50)Sixty days walking over ice and snow in temperature as low as -45℃, with nothing to keep you company except the occasional polar "bear". This is no small achievement. Only a few people have ever walked to the North Pole unassisted, and if Christina Franco succeeds, she will have earned a place in the history books and met one of the few remaining challenges of exploration left to women.Her 480-mile journey will begin in northern Canada, dragging a sledge that weighs as much as she does. At the end of each day's walking or skiing, she will pitch her tent in subzero temperatures, get into a sleeping bag filled with ice, and attempt to sleep to the unsettling background sounds of howling wind and cracking ice, which may or may not signal the approach of one of those polar bears. "I'll carry a pistol to scare any bears away," says Franco, 42. "The bears that far north won't have had contact with humans, fortunately, so they won't associate me with food, but they will be curious and that's dangerous. If it uses a paw to see what you are, it could damage your tent—or your arm. I imagine I'll have quite a few sleepless nights."Many of the early polar explorers suffered from disease and injuries, and while modem technology (lightweight materials, satellite phones, places on stand-by to carry out rescue missions) has lessened the dangers, it can never make such an inhospitable landscape anything approaching safe. It can take just five minutes for any uncovered skin to become frostbittenand, once the sun has risen, Franco will only be able to remove her sunglasses inside her tent, otherwise the intensity of the sunlight reflecting off the snow would cause snow blindness. Just to heighten the danger, the cold will slow down her brain functions, so it will be more difficult to make split-second decisions in the event of a sudden crisis.She will use about 8,000 calories a day, losing nearly half a kilogram every 24 hours. "The problem is that the human body can only take on about 5,500 calories a day," she says. "So you have to fatten up before you set off or you'll run out of energy." Franco is currently trying to put on 19 kilos. She may complain about not fitting into any of her dresses, but when Franco weighs herself in front of me and finds she's lost one kilo rather than gained two, as she'd expected, she's very upset. "I hope my scales are wrong because, if not, I've lost weight," she says, reaching for one of many bars of chocolate lying around her kitchen.1. What does the writer say about the history of exploration? ______（分数：7.50）A.Walking to the North Pole used to be considered easier than other journeys.B.No woman has ever completed the journey to the geographic North Pole.C.Female explorers have already done most of the world's difficult journeys. √D.Franco is already an important historical figure for her previous journeys.解析：根据第一段中的“Only a few people have ever walked to the North Pole unassisted, and if Christina Franco succeeds, she will have earned a place in the history books and met one of the few remaining challenges of exploration left to women.”可知，只有少数人曾独自走到北极，如果克里斯蒂娜·佛朗哥成功了，她将在史书中占有一席之地，完成为女性留下的尚未完成的为数不多的探险挑战之一。

2015北航北交北科考博英语真题备考方向

2014考博英语备考方向现阶段，每位考生都在按照自己的复习方式按部就班地进行复习，但是大家到底能不能掌握好复习的方法，就又是另一个层面的问题了。

育明考博英语辅导老师认为，如果说考博英语是一个厚积薄发的过程的话，那么考博英语就注重厚积，在答题思路上，又有一套值得研究的方法。

单词是基石作为一种语言学科，英语需要大家反复记忆与朗读，这是至关重要的。

单词作为一个基石，不必多说。

当然，单词的把握要有一个火候，如果你能够比较顺畅理解真题的思路的话，可以不再开拓疆土，把已经背过的掌握就好。

因为单词你是永远记不完的，而且即使你认识某个新单词，对拿分可能也是没有帮助的。

有一点，说背就是背，来不得丝毫懈怠。

在背单词的过程中，自然又有不少小技巧可以帮助你，因为背单词是一项单调又繁琐的任务，如果你想要有效率地坚持下去，就需要一些方法让你燃起对单词的兴趣。

旺旺考博英语辅导老师提醒考生，大家在背单词的时候一定不能把单词孤立开来，要把单词放在其相应的语境当中，或者直接通过长篇来记忆目标单词，这样就会让背单词成为一项活动，而不再是任务，也就让你的潜意识更加容易接受它了。

联系我们扣扣：四九三三七一六二六。

电话：四零零六六八六九七八真题永远是指向标如果对真题的阅读本身没有很大的难度，那大家可以把握重点词汇即可。

但是阅读本身就非常费劲，所以大家最好全文翻译。

历年真题词汇是最接近即将面临的考试的要求词汇的。

理由不必多说，因为每个人都有语言使用偏好。

我们积累，也是要“投其所好”。

很多考生感觉英语就是云里雾里，还用思路吗?当然需要思路。

可以这么说，即使你没有完全理解，在科学严密的思路下，你也可以假装理解，也就是可以拿分育明考博英语辅导老师建议考生平日加强训练，不断用真题检验自己的思路。

思路本没有对错，但是当能得出真题答案的时候，它就是有价值的。

但是大家不要用太多的参考书，即使是需要检验自己的答题思路，也要用质量比较高的，接近真题思路的模拟题。

2015年北京大学考研英语完形填空解题思路和方法

2015年北京大学考研英语完形填空解题思路和方法由于多数考生把完形放到最后来做，好多同学的做题策略就是靠蒙，其实“蒙”也有科学的“蒙”法。

完形中正确选项是有一定分布规律的，首先ABCD在20个空中是均匀分布，每项出现大概4-6个，比如2014年中，ABCD各出现了5个;另外连续相同的3个选项是不会出现的，连续相同的2个选项出现0-3个，其余都是连续不相同的选项一般是17-20个。

2014年中，5、6题都是A，18、19题都是C，其余都是不相同。

但在强化阶段，一定不建议大家这样做，侥幸的成功有时比失败更可怕，大家要做的就是踏踏实实做题，把基础夯实，认真对待做对的或做错的每一道题目。

对于完形填空的做题步骤，考生们可以这样，首先一定要精读首段首句，首句是文章的主题或主旨，大概了解主旨后我们可以粗略推出文章的内容，这对我们做下边的题目也有很大的帮助;其次浏览一下每段的第一句话，大概知道文章整个内容;再次进行最重要的详读阶段，读句子和选项，如果某个选项不会的话，就跳过去接着做，后文的内容会对前边的内容有帮助;最后如果有时间的话要全文校对一遍，在这一遍过程中可能会发现一些错误。

最后告诉大家一定要摆脱“完形填空难”的意识，因为从完形填空词汇上来说，是由85%的四级词汇和高中词汇、10%的六级词汇、5%的考研词汇组成，这样大家在阅读文章的时候不会感觉很难;从句子层面来看，长难句不像阅读理解中的语法那么难以分析，完形中主要考察的是语篇层面，要学会瞻前顾后，注意前后句子的联系，有时候答案就在空的前后两句甚至三句中。

此外，完形还考察对词汇深度的理解，在记忆词汇量的基础上，考生要着重记忆重点词汇多个意义的理解和记忆。

希望大家在做题的基础上，总结出一套属于自己的思路和方法，游刃有余的应对完型，决战考研英语!从1917年沙滩红楼的研究所，到今天未名湖畔的研究生院，北京大学的研究生教育已有近百年，她见证和经历了中国研究生教育从诞生到发展、调整、规范、壮大的整个过程。

2015年考博英语完型真题解题思路

2015年考博英语完型真题解题思路一、词义与词形的辨析选项与选项之间构成同义词、反义词、形近词的关系。

有时出题者也借助选项，考察考生对某些单词词义的精确理解。

举例：Geographers compare and contrast 71 places on the earth.71. A) similarB) variousC) distantD) famous译文：地理学家比较和对照地球上的什么地方。

很明显要求填一个形容词来修饰places. 如果单从语法的角度而言，A、B、C、D四个选项都能入选，出题者精心设计只为考察compare和contrast的精确含义。

compare意为to exam for similarities and differences, contrast意为to compare in order to show differences。

综合两个词的含义，应为“找出其相似之处与不同之处”。

这样一来，答案不言自明。

既然不同与相同皆不可抛，答案A）必然错误，“similar”（相似的）只揭示了两者的相同、相似，未照应不同，故必不入选。

而答案C）distant “遥远的”、D) famous“著名的”均与“相似与不同”不搭界，所以也一并排除掉，剩下B）various“各种各样”为正确答案。

“各种各样”既囊括相似之处，又溶入“不同几许”，既照应compare，又体现了contrast的含义。

所以考生在应试时对于某些重点单词的理解，不能只局限于中文，而应从英文的角度，逐字理解。

二、逻辑关系所填空格的句子，与上下文构成指代、列举、因果、比较、对比、让步、补充、递进等逻辑关系。

上下文逻辑关系的考察，是完形填空区别于单纯的句子与结构测试中最重要的一点。

不仅在国内考试中，在美国研究生入学考试（GRE）中，也常常考到考生运用逻辑关系解题的能力。

笔者试举一例：文中提到：The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection; 77 , what he needs is to be fitted into a highly organized university system…77. A) otherwiseB) moreoverC) howeverD) also根据上下文，空格前的意思为“外籍研究学者通常把自己隔离在实验室里作为一种保护的手段”。

2015年北京航空航天大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2015年北京航空航天大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Structure and V ocabulary 3. Cloze 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingReading ComprehensionTo call someone bird-brained in English means you think that person is silly or stupid. But will this description soon disappear from use in the light of recent research? It seems the English may have been unfair in association bird’s brains with stupidity. In an attempt to find out how different creatures see the world, psychologists at Brown University in the USA have been comparing the behaviour of birds and humans. One experiment has involved teaching pigeons to recognize letters of the English alphabet. The birds study in “classrooms”, which are boxes equipped with a computer. After about four days of studying a particular letter, the pigeon has to pick out that letter from several displayed on the computer screen. Three male pigeons have learnt to distinguish all twenty-six letters of the alphabet in this way. A computer record of the birds’four-month study period has shown surprising similarities between the pigeons’and human performance. Pigeons and people find the same letters easy, or hard, to tell apart. For example, 92 percent of the time the pigeons could tell the letter D from the letter Z. But when faced with U and V (often confused by English children), the pigeons were right only 34 percent of the time. The results of the experiments so far have led psychologists to conclude that pigeons and humans observe things in similar ways. This suggests that there is something fundamental about the recognition process. If scientists could only discover just what this recognition process is it could be very useful for computer designers. The disadvantage of a present computer is that it can only do what a human being has programmed it to do and the programmer must give the computer precise, logical instructions. Maybe in the future, though, computers will be able to think like human beings.1．The writer suggests that the expression “bird-brained” might be out of use soon because it is______.A．sillyB．impoliteC．unnecessaryD．inappropriate正确答案：D解析：根据文中第一段的“To call someone bird-brained in English means you think that person is silly or stupid．But will this description soon disappear from use in the light of recent research?It seems the English may have been unfair in associationbird’s brains with stupidity．”可知，在英语中，如果称某人的大脑像鸟脑袋一般，意思就是这个人没有头脑或非常愚蠢。

北京航空考博英语题型全介绍及复习建议.doc

多种释义及多种用法，扩大词汇量，加深对基本重点词汇的含义及用法的掌握。

复习时首先选取一本适合自己的单词书进行背诵，并认真研究历年考博真题，另外，如果想进行模拟训练，可以拿各高校的考博词汇题进行练习（北理工（07年以前），人大中科院等院校的词汇题题型类似，可以作为参考复习资料）
完形填空（10分）每空0.5分。

北航的完形填空是传统的有选项的填充题型。

考察重点为词汇的辨析使用，连接词的运用，常见语法以及文章结构的分析等知识点。

难度适中。

复习建议：完形填空考察的能力有词汇辨析能力，阅读理解能力，语法运用能力等综合能力。

因此复习要从提高综合能力入手。

一般建议先将文章通读一遍，掌握文章的总体结构和基本内容，然后再填空，填空完毕后，再进行最后一次通读，以检查错误并核对连贯性。

复习时首先要研究历年考博真题，不会的单词和语法知识点可以查阅参考书或请教老师同学。

另外，如果时间充足，可以选一本考博辅导书的完形填空部分进行练习，当然，六级和考研真题的完形部分也是不错的模拟素材。

2015年北航考博英语阅读理解真题模拟(4)

2015年北航考博英语阅读理解真题模拟（4）Recent research has claimed that an excess of positive ions in the air can have an ill effect on people's physical or psychological health. What are positive ions?Well，the air is full of ions，electrically charged particles，and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charged. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorm，earthquakes when winds such as the Mistral，Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibres，or from TV sets，duplicators or computer display screens.When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches，fatigue，irritability，and some particularly sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also affected，particularly before earthquakes，snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation，rats to flee from their burrows，dogs howl and cats jump about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.Conversely，when large numbers of negative ions are present，then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea，close to waterfalls or fountains，or in any place where water is sprayed，or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea， or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.To increase the supply of negative ions indoors，some scientists recommend the use of ionisers：small portable machines，which generate negative ions. They claim that ionisers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course，there are the detractors，other scientists，who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive ion research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves，or on others，of a negative rich or poor environment. After all it is debatable whether depending on seismic readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat.（ＰＳ：The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba ;QQ:wu si qi ling liu san ba liu er）1.What effect does exceeding positive ionization have on some people?A.They think they are insane.B.They feel rather bad-tempered and short-fussed.C.They become violently sick.D.They are too tired to do anything.2.In accordance with the passage，static electricity can be caused by___.ing home-made electrical goods.B.wearing clothes made of natural materials.C.walking on artificial floor coverings.D.copying TV programs on a computer.3.A high negative ion count is likely to be found___.A.near a pound with a water pump.B.close to a slow-flowing river.C.high in some barren mountains.D.by a rotating water sprinkler.4.What kind of machine can generate negative ions indoors?A.Ionisers.B.Air-conditioners.C.Exhaust-fansD.Vacuum pumps.5.Some scientists believe that___.A.watching animals to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than depending on seismography.B.the unusual behavior of animals cannot be trusted.C.neither watching nor using seismographs is reliable.D.earthquake本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

北京航空航天大学考博英语模拟试卷9(题后含答案及解析)

北京航空航天大学考博英语模拟试卷9(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Structure and V ocabulary 3. Cloze 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingReading ComprehensionIn the simplest terms, a market is the place where seller meets buyer to exchange products for money. Traditional markets still function in many parts of the world. Even in the United Sates, during summer months, there are farmers’ markets where direct selling and buying take place between producers and consumers. Most service industries still operate at this market level. Manufacturing industries and most agricultural enterprises are more distant from the consumer. Their products pass through several hands-truckers, warehouse workers, wholesalers, and retailers before reaching the final consumer. Products, or commodities are usually divided into two types: consumer and industrial. Consumer goods are those that are sold to final users, the customers. These goods include food, clothing, automobiles, television sets, appliances, and all those things people go to stores to purchase. Industrial goods are those that are sold to companies or other businesses for use in manufacturing or other purposes. Automobile makers buy many of the parts used to assemble ears. A tire manufacturer buys rubber, synthetic or otherwise, with which to make fires. Eventually these materials will end up in the hands of final users: the owners of the cars. The nature of industrial goods depends on the nature of the goods to be made for final users. The price of industrial goods and raw materials will influence the price of final goods, those that the consumer buys.1．It can be inferred that_____.A．most of the products exchanged at traditional markets are consumer goods B．most of the products bought and sold at traditional markets are industrial goodsC．most farmers lived far away from marketplaces and never sold their products directlyD．most service industries have not yet developed mature markets for their products正确答案：A解析：题目问：从文章内容可以推断出什么?第一段最后一句“Most service industries still operate at this market level．”通过这句话可知，在传统市场里交换的产品大多是消费品。