Unit 1 Benjamin Franklin
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The Questions
1.Why did Franklin write his Autobiography?
Franklin says that because his son may wish to know about his life, he is taking his one week vacation in the English countryside to record his past. He also says that he has enjoyed his life and would like to repeat it
Unit One Benjamin Franklin
Contents
• Introduction • The Writing of Work • The Style • The Questions
★ He appears on the American
100 dollar bill.
A business man printer A scientist
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Part Three (1788), Part Four ( 17891790 ) finished in Philadelphia, describing his life from the age of 25 to 51. It is an incomplete autobiography.
Thirteen Virtues
2.What made Franklin decide to leave the brother to whom he had been apprenticed? His brother was passionate, and had often beaten him. The aversion to arbitrary power that has stuck to him through his whole life. After a brush with the law, Franklin left his brother.
Part One written in 1771 in England,
covering the stories of the first 25 years in his life, such as his short schooling, his apprenticeship, the development of his printing business and his marriage etc.
A writer
diplomat A statesman
philanthropist
publisher
The prototype 原型 of the American dream
慈善家
Success as an inventor and scientist
Inventions : Franklin stove, effective street lighting, bifocal glasses双焦点眼镜 , a miniature printing press, efficient heating devices and even a strange musical instrument called an “armonica”玻璃琴 .
• The Autobiography 《自传》 • Poor Richard’s Almanack 《格言历书》
The Autobiography
• It is regarded as one of the most important works of American literature produced during the 18th century. • ★ It is a record of a man rising to wealth and fame from a state of poverty and obscurity into which he was born, an account of the colorful career of America's first self-made man.
The Writing of the Book
• In 1771, at the age of 65, Benjamin Franklin sat down to write his autobiography. • The work takes about 20 years, from 1771 to 1790. • The account is written in four parts, reflecting his life in the different periods.
The Autobiography
★ Summary : “firsts”
There are a number of "firsts" associated with The Autobiography.
• It is considered the first popular self-help book ever published. • It was the first major secular American autobiography. • It is also the first real account of the American Dream in action as told from a man who experienced it firsthand.
Features of Puritanism 1.Predestination: God decided everything before things occurred. 2.Original sin: Human beings were born to be evil, and this original sin can be passed down from generation to generation. 3.Total depravity 4.Limited atonement: Only the “elect” can be saved.
4. "Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fail what you resolve." 5. "Frugality. Make no expense but to do good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing." 6. "Industry. Lose no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions.“
10. "Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness in body, clothes, or habitation." 11. "Tranquility. Be not disturbed at trifles, or at accidents common or unavoidable."
★Autobiography A story that a person writes about his or her own life is called an autobiography. Autobiographies are written in firstperson point of view, and biographies in third-person point of view.
1. "Temperance. Eat not to dullness; drink not to elevation." 2. "Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation." 3. "Order. Let all your things have their places; let each part of your business have its time."
Success as a statesman
• Helping Jefferson in writing The Declaration of Independence; • Seeking help from France in American Independent War.
Success as a writer
The Style of The Autobiography It is the pattern of Puritan simplicity, directness, and concision. The narrative is lucid, the structure is simple, the imagery is homely.
4.What features do you find in the style of the above selection? It is the pattern of Puritan simplicity, directness, and concision(言简意赅). The narrative is lucid( 易懂的), the structure is simple, the imagery is homely(朴素的).
Part Two written in 1784 at Passy, a
suburb of Paris, giving a more detailed account of his activities in public affairs. He then discusses his "bold and arduous Project of arriving at moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect in himself.
7. "Sincerity. Use no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if you speak, speak accordingly." 8. "Justice. Wrong none by doing injuries, or omitting the benefits that are your duty." 9. "Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so much as you think they deserve."
3.How did he arrive in Philadelphia? First he set out in a boat for Amboy, the boat dropped him off about 50 miles from Burlington. The next day he reached Burlington on foot, and in Burlington he found a boat which was going towards Philadelphia. He arrived there about eight or nine o’clock, on the Sunday morning and landed at the Market Street wharf.
12. "Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or offspring, never to dullness, weakness, or the injury of your own or another's peace or reputation." 13. "Humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates."
The Questions
1.Why did Franklin write his Autobiography?
Franklin says that because his son may wish to know about his life, he is taking his one week vacation in the English countryside to record his past. He also says that he has enjoyed his life and would like to repeat it
Unit One Benjamin Franklin
Contents
• Introduction • The Writing of Work • The Style • The Questions
★ He appears on the American
100 dollar bill.
A business man printer A scientist
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Part Three (1788), Part Four ( 17891790 ) finished in Philadelphia, describing his life from the age of 25 to 51. It is an incomplete autobiography.
Thirteen Virtues
2.What made Franklin decide to leave the brother to whom he had been apprenticed? His brother was passionate, and had often beaten him. The aversion to arbitrary power that has stuck to him through his whole life. After a brush with the law, Franklin left his brother.
Part One written in 1771 in England,
covering the stories of the first 25 years in his life, such as his short schooling, his apprenticeship, the development of his printing business and his marriage etc.
A writer
diplomat A statesman
philanthropist
publisher
The prototype 原型 of the American dream
慈善家
Success as an inventor and scientist
Inventions : Franklin stove, effective street lighting, bifocal glasses双焦点眼镜 , a miniature printing press, efficient heating devices and even a strange musical instrument called an “armonica”玻璃琴 .
• The Autobiography 《自传》 • Poor Richard’s Almanack 《格言历书》
The Autobiography
• It is regarded as one of the most important works of American literature produced during the 18th century. • ★ It is a record of a man rising to wealth and fame from a state of poverty and obscurity into which he was born, an account of the colorful career of America's first self-made man.
The Writing of the Book
• In 1771, at the age of 65, Benjamin Franklin sat down to write his autobiography. • The work takes about 20 years, from 1771 to 1790. • The account is written in four parts, reflecting his life in the different periods.
The Autobiography
★ Summary : “firsts”
There are a number of "firsts" associated with The Autobiography.
• It is considered the first popular self-help book ever published. • It was the first major secular American autobiography. • It is also the first real account of the American Dream in action as told from a man who experienced it firsthand.
Features of Puritanism 1.Predestination: God decided everything before things occurred. 2.Original sin: Human beings were born to be evil, and this original sin can be passed down from generation to generation. 3.Total depravity 4.Limited atonement: Only the “elect” can be saved.
4. "Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fail what you resolve." 5. "Frugality. Make no expense but to do good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing." 6. "Industry. Lose no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions.“
10. "Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness in body, clothes, or habitation." 11. "Tranquility. Be not disturbed at trifles, or at accidents common or unavoidable."
★Autobiography A story that a person writes about his or her own life is called an autobiography. Autobiographies are written in firstperson point of view, and biographies in third-person point of view.
1. "Temperance. Eat not to dullness; drink not to elevation." 2. "Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation." 3. "Order. Let all your things have their places; let each part of your business have its time."
Success as a statesman
• Helping Jefferson in writing The Declaration of Independence; • Seeking help from France in American Independent War.
Success as a writer
The Style of The Autobiography It is the pattern of Puritan simplicity, directness, and concision. The narrative is lucid, the structure is simple, the imagery is homely.
4.What features do you find in the style of the above selection? It is the pattern of Puritan simplicity, directness, and concision(言简意赅). The narrative is lucid( 易懂的), the structure is simple, the imagery is homely(朴素的).
Part Two written in 1784 at Passy, a
suburb of Paris, giving a more detailed account of his activities in public affairs. He then discusses his "bold and arduous Project of arriving at moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect in himself.
7. "Sincerity. Use no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if you speak, speak accordingly." 8. "Justice. Wrong none by doing injuries, or omitting the benefits that are your duty." 9. "Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so much as you think they deserve."
3.How did he arrive in Philadelphia? First he set out in a boat for Amboy, the boat dropped him off about 50 miles from Burlington. The next day he reached Burlington on foot, and in Burlington he found a boat which was going towards Philadelphia. He arrived there about eight or nine o’clock, on the Sunday morning and landed at the Market Street wharf.
12. "Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or offspring, never to dullness, weakness, or the injury of your own or another's peace or reputation." 13. "Humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates."