人教版下册初一英语语法

人教版初一下册英语语法一.要点分析1. be from的用法。

① be from＝come from “来自…”，“从…来”，表示某人来自某一个地方。

但be是系动词，come是实意动词，两个短语的否定和疑问形式不同。

介词from后接地点。

②应用：a. -- Where’s your pen pal from ? 你的笔友来自哪里？-- He’s from Australia. 他来自澳大利亚。

b. He is from China.→He isn’t from China.→ Is he from China?c. He comes from China.→He doesn’t come from China.→Does he come from China?2. live vi. “居住”，“生活”① live in+地点名词，意为“住在…地方”② live +地点副词(here,there,near here等) ，意为“住在…地方”③当其做vt.用时，意为“过…样的生活”④与stay的区别：stay表示在旅馆或朋友家暂住几天。

⑤应用：a.He lives in Beijing. 他住在北京。

b.I have lived here for ten years. 我在这儿住十年了。

c.We live a happy life. 我们过着幸福的生活。

d.They stay at a hotel. 他们住在旅馆。

e.Live on 以…为生，靠…生活⑥问居住地：-- Where does she live?-- She lives in Hangzhou.3. speak vt.&vi. “讲话”，“说话”，“发言”等。

① speak +语言做及物动词(vi.)时只能接语言做宾语。

② speak to sb. “与某人谈话”① say:说/讲着重说的内容,它的宾语只能是“话” 不是人.② tell:告诉某人某事.a. tell sb sth.b. tell sb. about sb. /sth.c.tell sb to do sth.④ talk: 交谈、聊天 (不及物动词：后面不能直接跟宾语)a. talk to sb. b. talk with sb.c. talkabout sth.谈论⑤应用：a. Can I say "Hi" to Jeff, too?b. I have something important to tell you .c. She can speak three languages now .d. He is talking with his pen pal now .e. I want to talk to her. 我想和她说话。

f. I can say it in English.g. Tell him to give me some chalk.h. Don’t speak in class.⑥问会什么语言？-- What language does she speak ? 她讲什么语言？-- She speaks English. 她讲英语。

4.how about的用法：=what abouthow about“你认为...怎样”，表示建议等，后接动词ing、名词或代词。

但多使用How about doing sth. ?。

①向对方提出询问时。

I’d like a cup of tea. How about you?②向对方提出建议或请求，语气很委婉。

How about going out for a walk? 出去散散步好吗？③寒暄时用作承接上下文的转折语。

I’m a teacher. How about you?二.词组be from = come from 来自… pen pal=pen friend 笔友live in… 在…居住in school在学校speak English 讲英语play sport s做体育运动a little French 一些法语go to the movies 去看电影an action movie 一部动作片on weekends 在周末Excuse me 对不起，打扰write to sb. 给…写信My favorite subject 我喜欢的科目三.句型1. Where +be+主语＋from? (问出生地)回答：主语＋be＋from＋地点.-- Where is your pen pal from?-- He’s from China.2. Where do/does+主语＋live? (问居住地)回答：主语＋live/lives in…-- Where does she live?-- She lives in Tokyo3. What language do/does +主语+speak? (问会什么语言)回答：主语＋speak/speaks…-- Does she speak English? (一般疑问句)-- Yes, she does/No, she doesn’t.-- What language does she speak?(特殊疑问句)-- She speaks English.-- What language does she speak，English or Chinese?(选择疑问句)-- She speaks Chinese.注意：三种句型的回答方式。

4. 主语＋like/likes＋doing…I like going to the movies with my friends.一.要点分析1. hope[həʊp] v. 希望；盼望；期待①近义词:hope, wish与want，这三个词都表示“希望”,都可以用作动词和名词。

a. hope 既有主观愿望，又相信这愿望是能实现的。

b. wish 只表示主观愿望，不考虑这种愿望是否能实现。

c. want 是一个常用词，尤其在口语中非常活跃。

want 后接不定式，表示“想要做什么”，比hope to do 和wish to do的口气更随便，所表达的主观愿望并不十分强烈。

want之后可接名词或代词，表示“想要得到某物”，而wish和hope后面不可接名词，需加介词for再接名词。

I want a pair of glasses.我想要一副眼镜。

We are hoping for fine weather for your trip.我们希望此次旅行能有个好天气。

He wished to see his daughter again before he died.他希望在死之前能够再见一次女儿。

②常用词组hope for 希望；期待2. arrive[ə´raIv]v. 到达；抵达① arrive 作“到达”解时，只表示一时的动作。

a. arrive 表示到达某地，后面要接介词，到达的地方范围大时用in，地方小时多用at。

若地点为地点副词或后面没有地点时,则省掉介词。

They will arrive in Florida at midnight.他们将在午夜到达佛罗里达(美国的一个城市)。

They arrived at the station in the afternoon.他们下午到达车站。

[╳]She has arrived for a month. (不能用一段时间)[√]She arrived a month ago. 她一个月前到了。

b. arrive home 作“到家”解，但“到某人家”必须与at连用。

I guess he will arrive home in the evening.我猜他将在晚上到家。

I guess he will arrive at his parents’ home in theevening.我猜他将在晚上到他父母家。

②近义词: get to与reacha. get to也表示“到达”之意，可与任何地点连用。

b. reach[ri:tʃ]是及物动词(后面可以直接跟名词)，意为“到达”，其后直接接到达的地点，而不用任何介词。

My father arrived in Shanghai. 我爸爸到达上海了。

He arrived at the station . 他已到达火车站。

He got to the hospital this morning.他上午到了医院。

Li Ming reached Beijing the day before yesterday.李明前天到达北京。

③反义词 leave[li:v] v. 离开④常用词组arrive home 到家arrive here 到达这里arrive there 到达那里3.across[ə´krɒs]prep. 横过，在…对面。

There is a theater across the street. 街对面有一家戏院。

①用法提示a. 表示“从(某物)的一边到另一边”。

She swam across the river. 她从河的这边游到那边。

b. 表示“横过；在对面”，后面可接from。

Their school is across the street.他们的学校在街道的对面。

Susan lives across the road.苏珊住在路的对面。

Across from the park is an old hotel.公园的对面是一个老饭店。

c. 表示“与……交叉”。

At one point the railway line goes across the road.在一个地方铁路与公路交叉。

②近义词：througha. through意为“通过,从…穿过”,表示从某物中间穿过。

We walked through the market to the track park.我们穿过市场到了卡车停车场。

A river flows through the city.一条河流流经这个城市。

b. across意为“横过,穿过”,表示从一边横穿到另一边。

A boy ran across the street.一个男孩跑过了街道。

4. 方位介词的用法。

① across from 在…的对面。

② next to 靠近，在…的旁边③ near 在…的附近④between…and… 在…之间⑤ in front of 在…前面：表示“在某一空间外的前面”⑥ in the front of 在…前面：表示“在某一空间里的前面”⑦ behind 在…后面⑧应用：a. The pay phone is across from the library.b. The supermarket is next to the library.c. There is a post office near here.d. The library is between the post office and the supermarket.e. He stands in front of the building.他站在大楼前面。