2012北语真题回忆
2012年高考北京英语试题解析
2012年高考北京英语试题解析2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)英语本试卷共16页,共150分,考试时长120分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:听力理解(共三节,30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,共7.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有一道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话或独白后,你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话或独白你将听一遍。
例:What is the man going to read?A. A newspaperB. A magazineC. A book答案是A。
1.Who answered the phone?A.MikeB. HenryC. Tom2.What’s the woman’s favourite food?A.Italian.B. Chinese.C. Indian3.When does the first flight arrive in Detroit?A.5:18am.B.6:10amC.8:50am4.What is the woman looking for?A.ZooB. TelephoneC. Tennis court5.What will the weather be like at the weekend?A.Cloudy.B. Snowy.C. Sunny第二节(共10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分)听下面4段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。
听完后,每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。
6.Where are the two speakers?A.In the hotel B In a shop C. In a restaurant7.How much did the man pay in the end?A.$115.B. $130C. $140听第7段材料,回答第8至9题。
2012年北京师范大学文学院古代汉语及语言学理论考研真题(回忆版)及详解【圣才出品】
2012年北京师范大学文学院古代汉语及语言学理论考研真题(回忆版)及详解[视频讲解]古汉部分(50分)一、举例说明如何辨别通假字以及要注意的问题。
(6分)答:(1)通假字是文字在使用的过程中,存在因声音相同或相近而被借用的情况,人们把借来记录同音词的字称为“通假字”。
(2)通假字的辨别要首先以声音为线索,如“畔”和“叛”,在上古时期“畔”是并母元部,“叛”同样是并母元部,两者双声叠韵通假。
(3)其次还要寻找文献证据,如“阳货欲见孔子,孔子不见,归孔子豚”,“归”本义是女子出嫁,无法解释通,则根据句意,大致推断出与“归”音近的表示赠送食物的“馈”音近,且意义也能讲通,初步判定二者为通假关系,然后再查找例证,发现“齐人归女乐,季桓子受之”,“归”同样是“馈”的借字,因此可以认为“归”是“馈”的借字。
(4)在辨识通假字时需要注意,通假字间的音同音近是指古音,在判定假借时不可用今音来判断。
同时还应当配合充分的文献证据,不可只依靠音同音近就直接判定通假。
二、将下列小篆字形转为楷书,如果是形声字,分析其义符表意作用;如果是会意字,分析它们是如何会意的(12分)。
答:陟,会意字。
从阜从步,左边的“阜”代表山坡,右边的“步”代表脚,意为从地处向高处走。
赖,形声字,从贝,剌声。
意为盈利、得利。
修,形声字,从彡,攸声。
意为修饰,装饰。
旅,会意字,从方从从,会多人站在旗下之意。
古代军队500士兵为一旅。
寒,会意字,从宀从人从艸从仌,表示人在屋内用草垫覆盖在身子下以抵御寒冷。
徒,形声字,从辵,土声。
表示步行的意思。
三、指出下面一段话中的特殊表达方式,并说明它的基本特征。
答:(1)本题中的表达方式为互文。
互文也称“互问见义”,指的是相对的两句话或并列的两个词组相应位置上的两个词参互言之、文意相备的情况。
(2)互文的两句话或两个词组意义互相补充,互相发明,如“烟笼寒水月笼沙”,描绘了月光和轻烟笼罩着寒水和沙洲、明月照耀秦朝关隘的景色。
2012年北京大学中国语言文学系621汉语言文字学考研真题(回忆版)及详解【圣才出品】
2012年北京大学中国语言文学系621汉语言文字学考研真题(回忆版)及详解1.举例说明语句重音对语义的影响。
答:(1)语句中念得比较重,听起来特别清晰的音叫做重音,或者叫做语句重音。
为了突出句中的主要思想或强调句中的特殊感情而重读的,叫逻辑重音。
逻辑重音是对语义产生影响显著的因素。
(2)句子的某些需要突出或强调的词语常要重读。
哪些词语需要突出或强调,则要依据作品或说话人的要求和情感的发展来确定。
下面同一句话由于重音的位置不同会表现出不同的意思来:①我.知道你会唱歌。
(别人不知道你会唱歌。
)你会唱歌。
(你不要瞒着我了。
)②我知道..③我知道你.会唱歌。
(别人会不会唱我不知道。
)④我知道你会.唱歌。
(你怎么说不会呢?)。
(会不会唱戏我不知道。
)⑤我知道你会唱歌..2.说明《方案》o和u在不同的韵母中发音不同。
答:(1)o在不同的韵母中的发音/o/有两个音位变体,即[o]、[ɔ]。
[o]单韵母中伯[po]、末[mo][ɔ]作复韵母韵腹作[tsuɔ]、够[kɔu](2)u在不同的韵母中的发音/u/有四个音位变体,即[u]、[w]、[ʋ]、[ɷ]。
[u],作韵腹及非零声母韵头,例如:呼[xu]、滚[kun]。
[w],作零声母音节韵头,例如:王[wɑŋ]、文[wən]。
[ʋ],在[f]声母后腹,例如:[fʋ]、富[fʋ]。
[ɷ],作韵尾高,例如:[kɑɷ]、叫[tɕiɑɷ]。
3.汉语韵母可以按哪几种方式进行分类。
答:(1)按开头的元音发音口形分类可分开口呼、齐齿呼、合口呼、撮口呼四类,简称“四呼”:①开口呼。
韵母不是i、u、ü和不以i、u、ü起头的韵母属于开口呼。
②齐齿呼。
i或以i起头的韵母属于齐齿呼。
③合口呼。
u或以u起头的韵母属于合口呼。
④撮口呼。
ü或以ü起头的韵母属于撮口呼。
(2)按韵尾的情况进行分类①没有韵尾的称为无韵尾韵母,例如a、er、i、io、uo、ua、ie等l5个;②有元音i、u作韵尾的称为元音韵尾韵母,例如ai、iao、ou、iou等8个;③有鼻音n、ng作韵尾的称为鼻音韵尾韵母,例如an、ong等16个。
北语语言学及应用语言学考研真题2012
2012年语言学及应用语言学真题语言学概论一、名词解释,并举例说明(30分,每题5分)1、历史比较法2、言语行为3、表音文字4、音色5、语言接触6、合成词二、单项选择(10分,每题1分)1、英语的文字是…,日语是汉字+假名,它们都属于A表音文字 B 表意文字C音节文字D音素文字2、汉语的音调、语调是语言中的什么起作用A音色 B音长C音强D音高3、新语法学派的特点是A语音演变没有例外 B语音演变有例外 C D4、辅助性交际工具有A 文字B 文字、手势语、身势语C 手势语、身势语 D语言、手势语、身势语5、被当做母语使用的是A世界语 B皮钦语 C 洋泾浜语 D克里奥尔语三、判断,并说明理由(26分,每题2分)1、《普通语言学教程》的作者是德国语言学家洪堡特。
2、语音对应规律也叫维也纳定律,是由语言学家葆朴提出的。
3、英语中的skite kate(大概这两个词)中k的发音不同,一个不送气一个送气,归为2个音位。
4、“棉袍…….”属于语流音变中的自由音变。
5、文字起源于记事性图画。
6、合作性原则包括赞誉准则、质准则、方式准则、关联准则。
7、现代英语中有些词不能反映语音情况,说明文字的发展快于语言。
8、语言的地域性差异反映了语言发展的不同时间(大概是这个,不确定….)9、语言融合的过程经历“双语、竞争、排挤、替代”的过程。
10、“他吃完了饭---饭让他吃完了”(例子差不多)的变化手段是替换。
四、简答题(24分,每题6分)1、说明语言符号系统的层级性。
2、说明国语和民族共同语的异同。
3、举例说明多义词的本义和引申义,并指出引申的途径。
4、语言为什么要进行规范化。
五、分析题(36分,每题6分)1、给出汉语、英语、日语、德语的“一、二、三、四、五、十”几个词的语音,分析一下它们之间是否具有亲属关系?依据是什么?2、画元音舌位图,并标出给出的几个音位。
3、给出非洲一个地方的洋泾浜英语和英语的语音对比,让分析它们之间的不同,并说明洋泾浜语的发展趋势。
2012年北京大学汉语国际教育硕士汉语基础真题
2012年北京大学汉语国际教育硕士汉语基础真题1.改正错别字望风披糜()龙盘虎踞()按步就班()2.说说汉语拼音方案的优点3.汉语中有很多同音字,为什么实际使用中不易混淆?4.用国际音标标注下列汉字安烟冤央5.分析下面三个短语的异同(1)买大了(2)晾干了(3)剪短了6.歧义分析(1)不知道怎么办好(2)小红一早上就写了三封信7.分析下面两句话为什么(1)能说(2)不能说(1)孩子把眼睛哭肿了(2)孩子把说教听烦了汉语国际教育基础1.中国最早的类书是什么?2.谁最先把“教育”二字连用?3.“胸有成竹”是说谁的表兄文同?4.“少陵野老”是谁?5.谁评价王维“诗中有画,画中有诗”?6.“画龙点睛”说的是哪位画家?7.“新乐府运动”由哪些人倡导?8.“陆羽茶经元亮酒,韦家食谱步兵厨”中元亮和步兵指谁?9.最早详细记述珠算的是哪部书?10.“六书”这个词最早见于哪本书?11.《尤利西斯》的作者乔伊斯是哪国人?12.狄更斯的代表作有《》《艰难时世》《大卫科波菲尔》13.伏尔泰改编纪君祥的杂剧《赵氏孤儿》为话剧,名叫?14.日本“和歌”的代表作有?15.冯梦龙写“三言”,谁写“二拍”?16.清末四大谴责小说《官场现形记》《二十年目睹之怪现状》《孽海花》和《》17.司马迁《史记》从()开始记史18.河南安阳出土的()鼎代表了商朝青铜器制造的最高成就19.秦代三大水利工程都江堰、郑国渠和()20.清代唯一国家最高学府是()21.宋代黄道婆向哪个少数民族学习纺织?22.谁翻译《四书》传到欧洲?23.《神曲》的作者但丁是哪国人?24.《梦溪笔谈》记录了我国古代四大发明中的哪种?25.延安文学中,谁刻画女性形象,歌颂女性?26.哪座桥是《马可波罗游记》介绍到西方的第一座石拱桥?27.中国民族乐器按演奏方式分为吹、拉、弹和()28.郁达夫的代表作《》开创了自叙体小说的先河29.赵州桥是谁建造的?30.秦王()灭六国统一中国31.谁评价司马迁的《史记》“史家之绝唱,无韵之离骚”?32.“朱门酒肉臭,路有冻死骨”出自杜甫的《》33.“滚滚长江东逝水,浪花淘尽英雄”出自明代()的《临江仙》34.孔子认为,《诗经》可以教会人们四项技能()35.京剧中,生旦净丑中的净又叫()36.皇帝用的印章叫()37.自汉代,我国著名医书有《》《金匮要略》《脉经》《千金方》。
2012年11月北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题与答案
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2012年11月03日Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Y ou should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:It seems like every day there’s some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us. (76) One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer. The next day, maybe not. It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee. Now,there’s been a lot of research into whether co ffee’s good for our health.“The results have really been mixed,”admits Neal Freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently. “There’s been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and there’s also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well.”Freedman and his colleagues undertook the biggest study yet to look at the relationship between coffee and health. They analyzed data collected from more than 400,000 Americans ages 50 to 71 participating in the study. “We found that the coffee drinkers had a modestly lower risk of death than the non-drinkers,”he said. Here’s what he means by“modestly”:those who drank at least two or three cups a day were about 10 percent or 15 percent less likely to die for any reason during the 13 years of the study. When the researchers looked at specific causes of death, coffee drinking appeared to cut the risk of dying from heart disease, lung disease, injuries, accidents and infections.Now, Freedman stressed that the study doesn’t prove coffee can make people live longer. A study like this can never prove a cause-and-effect relationship. (77) All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation. And even if it turns out that coffee is really good for you, scientists have no idea why.1. According to the first paragraph, reporters would like to know the research findings of .A. teaB. beerC. alcoholD. coffee2. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Freedman and his colleagues hired 400,000 Americans to collect data.B. About four hundred thousand Americans worked for Freedman’s team full time for 13 years.C. People who took part in Freedman’s research are about 50 to 70 years old.D. People who are 50 to 70 years old seldom drink coffee.3. According to the author, scientists .A. have already proved that coffee is good for human healthB. have a long way to go before they find a way to study coffeeC. have avoided the cause-and-effect approach to study coffeeD. are still unable to figure out why coffee is good for us4. The word “mixed”in the first paragraph means “”.A. both good and badB. put togetherC. both sharp and softD. confused5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Can Beer Help You Live Longer?B. Can Coffee Help You Live Longer?C. Can Wine Help You Live Longer?D. Can Tea Help You Live Longer?Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:When we’re learning a foreign language, making sense of what we hear is the first step toward fluency. It sounds obvious, but until recently, we didn’t know much about how listening works. New research demonstrates that effective listening involves more than simply hearing the words that float past our ears. Rather, it’s an active process of receiving information and making meaning. This kind of engaged listening is a skill that’s as critical for learning a range of subjects at school and work as it is for learning to understand a foreign tongue.(78) Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead to superior comprehension. Last year, for example, University of Ottawa researcher Larry Vandergrift published his study of 106 undergraduates who were learning French as a second language. Half of the students were taught in a conventional fashion, listening to and practicing texts spoken aloud. The other half, possessing the same initial (最初的) skill level and taught by the same teacher, were given detailed instruction on how to listen. It mined out that the second group “significantly outperformed”(胜过) the first one on a test of comprehension.So what are these listening strategies? Skilled learners go into a listening class with a sense of what they want to get out of it. (79) They set a goal for their listening and they generate predictions about what the speaker will say. Before the talking begins, they mentally review what they already know about the subject, and form an intention to “listen out for”what’s important or relevant. Once they begin listening, these learners maintain their focus; if their attention wanders, they bring it back to the words being spoken. They don’t allow themselves to be thrown off by confusing or unfamiliar details. Instead, they take note of what they don’t understand and make inferences about what those things might mean, based on other clues available to them: their previous knowledge of the subject, the context (语境) of the talk,, the identity of the speaker, and so on.6. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Effective listening means hearing the words that float past our ears.B. Developing your listening skills is the first step toward developing fluency.C. Skilled listeners use specific strategies to get the most out of what they hear.D. Listening is one of the most powerful tools we have to gain information.7. What does Vandergrift’s research show?A. Learners who adopt specific listening strategies become better listeners.B. Learners taught in the traditional way are better at reinforcing what they learn.C. Learners are more confident if they make fewer mistakes.D. Learners who listen on a regular basis improve faster.8. Which of the following statements about Vandergrift’s research is TRUE?A. The participants were postgraduates learning French as a second language.B. All the participants were taught using the conventional method, with the focus on listeningstrategies.C. The two groups were taught by different teachers.D. The participants were at the same initial skill level.9. The expression“thrown off”in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“”.A. infectedB. confusedC. ruinedD. informed10. According to the passage, which of the following strategies is NOT used by skilled learners?A. Review their prior knowledge of the subject.B. Concentrate on the speaker’s words.C. Translate into their native language.D. Predict what the speaker will say.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:(80) As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians from the ship’s band stood and played. They died when the ship went down. Men stood on the deck and smoked cigarettes. They died, too. This behavior is puzzling to economists, who like to believe that people tend to act in their own self interest. “There was no pushing,”says David Savage, an economist at Queensland University in Australia who has studied witness reports from the survivors. It was “very, very orderly behavior.”Savage has compared the behavior of the passengers on the Titanic with those on the Lusitania, another ship that also sank at about the same time. But when the Lusitania went down, the passengers panicked(恐慌). There were a lot of similarities between these two events. These two ships were both luxury ones, they had a similar number of passengers and a similar number of survivors.The biggest difference, Savage concludes, was time. The Lusitania sank in less than 20 minutes. But for the Titanic, it was two-and-a-half hours. “If you’ve got an event that lasts two-and-a-half hours, social order will take over and everybody will behave in a social manner,”Savage says.“If you’re going down in under 17 minutes, basically it’s instinctual.”On the Titanic, social order ruled, and it was women and children first. On the Lusitania, instinct won out. The survivors were largely the people who could swim and get into the lifeboats.Yes, we’re self-interested, Savage says. But we’re also part of a society. Given time, social norms (规范) can beat our natural self-interest. A hundred years ago, women and children always went first. Men were stoic (坚忍的). On the Titanic, there was enough time for these norms to become forceful.11. According to the author, economists were confused because .A. people’s behavior was disorderly on the TitanicB. people did not act in their own interest on the TitanicC. most men did not act in their own interest on the LusitaniaD. women and children could not climb into the lifeboats12. The expression“won out” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“”.A. took the upper handB. went out of controlC. ran wildD. shut down13. According to David Savage, was a critical factor in determining people’s behavior in the sinking of these two ships.A. social orderB. placeC. instinctD. time14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Both ships were expensive ones.B. A similar number of women and children from both ships survived.C. About the same number of people from each ship died.D. Both ships had a similar number of passengers.15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Why Didn’t Musicians Play on the Lusitania?B. Why Did Musicians Play on the Titanic?C. Why Didn’t Passengers Panic on the Titanic?D. Why Did Men Smoke on the Titanic?Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. Have you ever visited the Summer Palace,there are many beautiful halls, ridges and a huge lake?A. whichB. thatC. whereD. when17. Mr. Obama will give a speech on the current situation at the meeting next week inBeijing.A. to holdB. heldC. holdingD. to be held18. It was in a small village in the south he spent his childhood and met his life-longfriend—the local schoolmaster.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. that19. First of all, a teacher should show love for his students on top of his academicknowledge. , he is not qualified for his position.A. ThereforeB. OtherwiseC. HoweverD. Because20. For many overseas Chinese, China is their real , because they were born and grew up there.A. homeB. familyC. houseD. household21. With all your brains you the math test, but you failed. You were too careless.A. should passB. should have passedC. must passD. must have passed22. When he entered the room he found a cat quietly under the desk.A. lieB. liesC. to lieD. lying23. Today Mrs Smith _ herself in white like a nurse at the garden party.A. woreB. putC. sentD. dressed24. In road rules the red light is a _ for traffic to stop.A. signB. sightC. siteD. size25. I can you for your rude manners but you must apologize in public.A. forbidB. forgetC. forecastD. forgive26. General Blair had been in the army for 35 years when he retired from the navy.A. serviceB. workC. jobD. homework27. Linda is quite different her sister in character:she likes friends and goes out a lot whileher sister always stays alone at home.A. toB. fromC. atD. on28. Jim was absent from school for the whole week a bad cold.A. because ofB. in addition toC. according toD. in front of29. Some people like to a small sum of money in case of urgent need.A. deal withB. use upC. set asideD. take off30. Mr. Smith feels greatly with his son’s performance in school as he is always the top ofhis class.A. disturbedB. worriedC. distressedD. satisfied31.Skating is such a_____sport in the northeast of China that almost everybody there knows howto skate.A. likelyB. famousC. popularD. long32. The teacher suggested that they __ in the exercise at once.A. had handedB. should have handedC. handedD. hand33. He did not go to school yesterday because he _ __ his father who was ill.A. must have looked afterB. would have to look afterC. had to look afterD. should have looked after34. After walking for half an hour, she realized that she in the wrong direction.A. had been walkingB. has been walkingC. walkedD. would have walked35. Don’t smoke in the classroom, ?A. do youB. will youC. can youD. could you36. There is not much time left, so I shall tell you about it .A. in detailB. in briefC. for shortD. in all37. _ _ the room than the telephone rang once more.A. Hardly when he enteredB. Hardly he enteredC. No sooner he had enteredD. No sooner had he entered38. My bike is old, it is in good condition.A. thereforeB. soC. neverthelessD. moreover39. There is that he has tried his best in the examination.A. not to denyB. not denyingC. no denyingD. without denying40. Would you to come to the meeting this weekend?A. be so kindB. be kind asC. be so kind asD. be kind41. He will write to me as soon as he home.A. will have returnedB. returnsC. returnedD. will return42. is generally believed, there is no water on the moon.A. AsB. WhatC. ThatD. It43. He devoted his whole life to care of the disabled children.A. takesB. takingC. tookD. take44.The student continued his university study his family -,vas poor.A. even thoughB. as thoughC. now thatD. since45. His father was put into_ prison,and he had to go to _prison to visit him once in a while.A. a; theB. the; aC. a;/D. /;thePart III Identification (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.46. Putting the bottles, boxes and books back where they belong, please. Don’t leaveA B C Dthem on the desk.47. Though Jack is only 7 years old but he is clever enough to work out that puzzleA B Cdifficult even for a grown-up.D48. I opened the letter and it contained an important information that told us to stayA B Cwhere we were.D49. Unlike Jim, I go to work by foot instead of by car every morning.A B C D50. If heating, ice will change into water or steam.A B C D51. Weather permit, we’ll have the match tomorrow.A B C D52. Don’t you think it’s the most worst film we have seen since we came here ten years ago?A B C D53. She is as gifted as she is more intelligent.A B C D54. The teacher, as well as his students, were present at the meeting.A B C D55. Walking alone in the desert, the traveler is boring.A B C DPart IV Cloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. Y ou should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Visitors to the zoo usually pity the animals owing to their particular emotional associations (联想). Which animals should be indeed pitied?The first type are those clever and 56 developed animals 57 lively intelligence and desire for activity can 58 no outlet behind the bars of the cage. Those animals living in a free state before 59 in the zoo have a strong desire for moving about 60 , but have to mm around repeatedly in their quarters. Owing to this disappointment, foxes and wolves 61 in places which are far too small, are among the most 62 of all zoo animals.Another sad scene, seldom 63 by ordinary zoo visitors, is the 64 flying trials of swans (天鹅) at migration (迁徙) time. These creatures, like most other water birds, are generally made unable to fly by the 65 of cutting off a tip of the wing bone. 66 such swans in the zoo generally seem happy under 67 care and they raise their young without any trouble, at migration time things become 68 . The birds never really 69 that they can no longer fly, and repeatedly swim to the 70 of the pond so that they can have the whole extent of its surface when trying to 71 against the wind. Meanwhile, their loud flying calls can be heard as they try to 72 , and again and again the grand preparations end in 73 .I do not like seeing those 74 water birds in the zoo. The missing tip of one wing and the still sadder picture that the bird makes when it 75 its wings hurt me badly. What a truly sorry picture it is!56. A. high B. highly C. deep D. deeply57. A. whose B. whom C. that D. which58. A. find B. lose C. declare D. transform59. A. to be put B. being put C. to put D. putting60. A. partly B. highly C. deeply D. freely61. A. kept B. keeping C. rose D. rising62. A. victorious B. thoughtful C. miserable D. fortunate63. A. scattered B. written C. noticed D. wakened64. A. similar B. suitable C. apparent D. constant65. A. experiment B. operation C. treatment D. movement66. A. Although B. When C. Since D. Because67. A. original B. proper C. parallel D. precious68. A. private B. public C. different D. similar69. A. suggest B. assure C. underline D. realize70. A. limit B. side C. middle D. center71. A. take off B. stand up C. take up D. stand by72. A. spring B. raise C. swell D. rise73. A. passage B. support C. failure D. success74. A. upright B. powerful C. valuable D. unlucky75. A. spreads B. strengthens C. enlarges D. inspectsPart V Translation (20%)Section ADirections: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.76.One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer.77.All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation.78.Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead tosuperior comprehension.79.They set a goal for their listening, and they generate predictions about what the speaker willsay.80.As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians fromthe ship’s band stood and played.SectionBDirections:In this part there are five sentences in Chinese.You should translate them intoEnglish.Be sure to write clearly.81.他是第一个在月球上行走的人。
2012年全国高考英语试题及答案-北京卷
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)英语本试卷共16页,共150分,考试时长120分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:听力理解(共三节,30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,共7.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有一道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话或独白后,你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话或独白你将听一遍。
例:What is the man going to read?A. A newspaperB. A magazineC. A book答案是A。
1. Who answered the phone?A. MikeB. HenryC. Tom2. What’s the woman’s favourite food?A. Italian.B. Chinese.C. Indian3. When does the first flight arrive in Detroit?A. 5:18am.B.6:10amC.8:50am4. What is the woman looking for?A. ZooB. TelephoneC. Tennis court5. What will the weather be like at the weekend?A. Cloudy.B. Snowy.C. Sunny第二节(共10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分)听下面4段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。
听完后,每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。
6. Where are the two speakers?A. In the hotel B In a shop C. In a restaurant7. How much did the man pay in the end?A. $115.B. $130C. $140听第7段材料,回答第8至9题。
2012年高考英语北京试题及答案(解析版)
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题:每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给得A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处得最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:It’s so nice to hear from her again ______, we last met more than thirty years ago、A、What’s moreB、That’s to sayC、In other wordsD、Believe it or not答案就是D。
21、—Look at those clouds!—Don’t worry、______ it rains, we’ll still have a great time、A、Even ifB、As thoughC、In caseD、If only22、By the time you have finished this book, your meal ______ cold、A、getsB、has gotC、will getD、is getting23、One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them、A、correctsB、correctC、to correctD、correcting24、Jerry did not regret giving the ment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently、A、whyB、howC、thatD、whether25、George said that he would e to school to see me the next day, but he ______、A、wouldn’tB、didn’tC、hasn’tD、hadn’t26、When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was,he would forget all about eatingor sleeping、A、thatB、whichC、whereD、when27、_______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks、A、UseB、UsingC、UsedD、To use28、Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _____、A、someB、lessC、muchD、more29、—Have you heard about that fire in the market?— Yes, fortunately no one _____、A、hurtB、was hurtC、has hurtD、had been hurt30、Our friendship _____ quickly over the weeks that followed、A、had developedB、was developingC、would developD、developed31、______ at the door before you enter my room, please、A、KnockB、KnockingC、KnockedD、To knock33、We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?A、should faceB、might faceC、could have facedD、must have faced34、Do you think this shirt is too tight ____ the shoulders?A、atB、onC、toD、across35、Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel、A、isB、wereC、has beenD、had been[答案及解析]21.A 考从属连词,解题方法,瞧前后逻辑关系选择词义符合得从属连词。
2012年高考真题——英语(北京卷)Word版
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)本试卷共16页,共150分,考试时长120分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:听力理解(共三节,30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1、5分,共7、5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有一道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话或独白后,你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话或独白你将听一遍。
例:What is the man going to read?A、A newspaperB、A magazineC、A book答案是A。
1. Who answered the phone?A. Mike B、Henry C、Tom2. What’s the woman’s favourite food?A. Italian、B、Chinese、C、Indian3. When does the first flight arrive in Detroit?A. 5:18am、B、6:10am C、8:50am4. What is the woman looking for?A. Zoo B、Telephone C、Tennis court5. What will the weather be like at the weekend?A. Cloudy、B、Snowy、C、Sunny第二节(共10小题,每小题1、5分,共15分)听下面4段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。
听完后,每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。
6. Where are the two speakers?A. In the hotel B In a shop C、In a restaurant7. How much did the man pay in the end?A. $115、B、$130 C、$140听第7段材料,回答第8至9题。
2012年北京语言大学考研真题汇总
育明教育【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传,育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察,并一定要查看其营业执照,或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。
目前,众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校,希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候,一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师!2014年翻译硕士考研参考书推荐《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》,光明日版出版社,2013年版二外日语1汉字写假名发音,学生,先生,花见之类超简单基础20*0.52假名写汉字一个句子里写两三个假名,京都,红叶,子供,仕事,休憩时间之类也好简单基础。
20*0.5 3外来语翻译超市,滑雪,日历……太基础了10*14在句子中填助词都很基础常见10*15选择20*1 基础语法6翻译句子,汉译日,都是简单句:10*2星期六下午去看音乐会吗?森先生明天搬家吗?7一段日语译成汉语。
很简单。
每句1分,10分8两篇阅读,这才是难点,不过也能做出来。
第一篇关于如何有效利用时间,7个7分。
第二篇几篇日记,3个3分。
总之,90分的题只要好好复习标日初级上下足够,细心些很容易。
但10分阅读理解还是考水平的。
不知北语是不是年年都这样。
基础英语1单项选择,大多是选单词,短语搭配,基础。
10*12六篇阅读理解25*2.阅读文章很基础,好读懂,但选题并不容易,选项需要仔细分析辨明。
3汉译英30关于利玛窦的。
只记得一点点。
他是意大利著名传教士。
译著《论交友》。
用文言文收集,编译了一百句格言。
犹豫了下的词语就是传教士还是传道士,格言,还有文言文。
4英译汉30开头是knowledge is power. power for evil, for good.主要讲人们应该讲科技知识应用于全人类的福祉。
(完整word版)2012年北京高考英语试题及答案-修订版,推荐文档
2012 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英 语(北京卷 )本试卷共 16 页,共 150 分,考试时长 120 分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试 卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:听力理解(共三节, 30 分)第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,共 7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有一道小题,从每题所给的 A 、 B 、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话或独白后,你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。
每段对话或独白你将听一遍。
例: What is the man going to read?A. A newspaperB. A magazineC. A book 答案是 A 。
1. Who answered the phone ?A. MikeB. Henry 2. What ' s the woman ' s favourite food? A. Italian. B. Chinese. 3. When does the first flight arrive in Detroit?A. 5:18am.B.6:10am 4. What is the woman looking for?A. ZooB. Telephone 5. What will the weather be like at the weekend?A. Cloudy.B. Snowy. 第二节(共 10 小题,每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分)听下面 4 段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几道小题,从每题所给的 A 、 B 、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。
听完后, 每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第 6 段材料,回答第 6 至 7 题。
6. Where are the two speakers?A. In the hotel B In a shop7. How much did the man pay in the end?A. $115.B. $130 听第 7 段材料,回答第 8 至 9 题。
2012年北京大学外国语学院世界文学史考研真题(回忆版)【圣才出品】
2012年北京大学外国语学院世界文学史考研真题(回忆版)一、名词解释1.《阿维斯塔》2.《春香传》3.百科全书派4.乌利波(Oulipo,或译为“潜在文学工场”)5.荷马史诗形成的“小歌说”6.《十日谈》7.马查多·德·阿西斯8.《跳房子》二、简答题1.简论日本物语文学、印度佛教文学以及中国传奇之间的关系。
2.举例说明为什么中世纪文学(史诗、寓言、骑士文学)是多种文明与文化融合的产物?3.简述萨福诗歌的主要特色。
4.简述弥尔顿《失乐园》中撒旦的形象。
5.分析下面这首诗:公民[瑞典]托马斯·特兰斯特勒默出事后的夜晚我梦见一个满脸麻子的人在巷子里边走边唱丹东!不是另一个——罗伯斯庇尔不会这样散步罗伯斯庇尔每天早晨用一小时盥洗他把剩下的时间奉献给了人民在标语天堂里,在道德机器里丹东——或者戴他而具的人踩着高跷在走我仰视他的脸:像伤痕斑斑的月亮一半在光里,一半在阴郁中一个重量紧压着胸口,钟锤让钟走动指针旋转:一年,二年老虎笼里木屑散发刺鼻的气息并且——好像总在梦里——没有阳光但墙在闪烁小巷弯曲着伸向等候室,一间弯曲的屋子等候室,那里我们所有的人……三、论述题1.以作品为例,试论神秘主义思想对古代东方诗歌创作的影响。
2.怎样理解“现代文学的核心问题是时间问题?”试以《追忆逝水年华》《尤利西斯》《魔山》或你所熟悉的其他一部现代文学经典作一阐述。
3.普希金认为奥赛罗不是天性嫉妒的人而是过分轻信,你如何看待这个观点?4.结合3~4位法国以外的作家或诗人的作品,谈谈超现实主义文学的跨语际传播和影响。
北京语言大学外国语言学及应用语言学考研语言学真题
2012北京语言大学外国语言学及应用语言学真题(回忆版)第一部分.50分1. Tell what is the phone according to the description of sound 。
1×5=5分1. the voiced bilabial stop ____2. the voiceless alveolar fricative ___3. the nasal velar _________4. the long high back vowel _________5. he short central vowel ______2. Phonological process1. Think2. Tank3. Teeth4. Impossible5. slight3. Tell the kind of word formation。
1×5=5分1. Edit2. Worker3. SARS4. Playboy5. plane4. 判断划线部分是属于root/stem/derivational morpheme/inflectional morpheme哪种?1×5=5分。
1.national ity2. sup port3. work ed4. meaning ful5. e mit5.写出sense relation (synonymy,complementary antonymy, gradable antonymy, converse antonymy, hyponymy )1. male and female2. acquire and obtain3. earth and planet4. husband and wife5. big and small6. Indicate how speech is presented in the stretches of language below.1. “Have we been here before.” he asked her2. He asked her a question.3. Have we been here before? He asked her.4. Had they been here before?He asked her.5. He asked her whether they had been here before.7.5×1=5分树形图John ate an apple.8.determine which type of the components belong to the stretchiness of following sentence(rheme theme subject predicate)1. yesterday the murder was caught by the police。
2012pku北大汉语国际教育真题
北京大学2012年汉语基础试题壹、汉语语言学基础知识一、填空题(每小题1分,共30分)1.汉民族的共同语,在春秋时被称为()。
2.汉语方言可以分为()大方言区。
3.新疆汉族使用的汉语属于()方言。
4.语音系统中最小的语音单位叫做()。
5.发音时口腔畅通,气流同时从口腔和鼻腔中呼出,这样的音叫()。
6.现代汉语在词汇方面广泛运用()法构造新词。
7.从发音部位来说,舌头可以分为舌尖、舌面和()。
8.如果一个人把p发成了g,是因为他的()错了。
9.如果一个人把b发成了d,是因为他的()错了。
10.现代汉语中,有一个边音,是()。
11.【ts’】是一个()送气、清、塞音。
12.合口呼韵母是指()。
13.在现代汉语普通话中,可以做韵尾的辅音有(请用国际音标来表示)()。
14.舌面后、半高、不圆唇元音是(请用国际音标表示)()。
15.zhuang这个音节中包含了()个音素。
16.现代汉语中,除了舌面元音外,还有()元音。
17.“旅”字的形旁是()18.“小雨伞”的实际读音是(请写出调类)()。
19.在音节yan中,/a/的事迹读音是(请用国际音标表示)()。
20.现在,现代汉语的词典字典中,汉字的排列顺序主要有音序法、形序法和()。
21.从词根与词根之间的关系来看,“蜡染”属于()。
22.普通话作为民族共同语,她的基础方言是()。
23.“即使……也……”一般是表示()关系的复句。
24.在词义的构成中,除了理性义之外,还有()。
25.“墙上芦苇,头重脚轻根底浅;山间竹笋,嘴尖皮厚腹中空”中,运用了()的修辞手法。
26.民族语言的地域性变体,叫做()。
27.在汉语中,语音四要素中的()和音长在语调和轻声里起重要作用。
28.从构词的角度来看,词中词汇意义的主要承担者,叫做()。
29.词的转义主要是通过引申和()两种方法产生的。
30.从语言类型上来看,现代汉语属于()。
二、判断题(每小题1分。
共20分)1.五四运动后,国语运动动摇了文言文的统治地位。
2012年北京语言大学普通语言学试题回忆
2012年北京语言大学普通语言学试题回忆第一部分大综合:(50*)1根据对辅音,元音的描述写出是哪个音?(1)the voiced bilabial stop b(2)the voiceless alveolar fricative s(3)the nasal velar η(4)the long hign back vowel u:(5)the short central vowel э2.音系过程(这个题是让选择还是让自己写呢?如水果是自己写的话,还要不要用符号表示出音系过程呢)Thank, velarizationtank, nasalizationteeth, dentalizationimpossible, 这个不知道怎么写slight devoicingsupport aspiration3.构词法Edit, back-informationworker, devirationSARS, inventionplayboy, compoundplane borrowing4.区分下列单词中的stem, root,derivation, inflection (这个题不是太明白,support应该是属于那个呢)Internationality,emit, rootsupport,useful derivation5.近义词,反义词(等级,互补,反义),上下义词(1)husband和wife converse(2)obtain和acquire, synonymy(3) planet和terra hyponymy(4)6.IC分析(5*)John ate an apple.7.在句中对主语,谓语,主位,述位的辨别Yesterday a policeman caught the thief.Subject: a policeman Object: caught the thief Theme: yesterday Rhyme: a policeman caught the thiefJohn ate the apple.Subject: John Object: ate the apple Theme: John Rhyme: ate the apple8.one-place predicate, two-place predicate, three-place predicate (这个题是让写出具体哪个谓词吧?不是让区分one two three吧)(1)He drove voilently back home. drive(2)John gave me a book. give(3) It’s raining rain(4)He works in a factory work(5)Money John doesn’t have have(不确定)(6) John ran quickly back home. run9.违反了CP原则的哪一项?(这个不用写出具体的吧)(1)There are not many people living in China. quantity(2)Boys are boys. quantity(3)All men and women are players on the stage. manner(4)His manners speak eloquently for him. quality(5)He wouldn’t say Y-E-S to the I-C-E-C-R-E-A-m. Relation(不确定)10.How the speech is presented in the stenches of the sentences?(1)“Have we been there”, he asked.Direct speech(2)He asked a question. Narrator’s representation of speech act(3)Have you been there, he asked. Free indirect speech(4)………..(5)……..向心(并列,从属),离心The smallest students in the class. subordinationX and X coordinationSmiling happily subordinationHe is working exocentricVery quickly subordinationHe kicked the ball. exocentric。
2012北语汉教真题回忆(现汉+汉语国际)
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1. 给了两个句子,要求找出里面的定语,然后说出是什么性质的定语 (名词性啊形容词性啊),写出定语的语义类别,分辨限制型和描写型, 最后归纳定语顺序的规律。 2. 给了两列词语,每列都有四五个,“两床书—两床被子”这样,是 两列的对比,划线词是床,(还有其他几个词的,一手泥,什么的), 问题有四个,大概要求是说出区别、说出词性、说出………………总之 就是分析- -。 3. 这个是最后一题,给了个句子“小李买好米”(人名不记得了,但 是按照题目思路写了个功能一样的,上声相连),问题也有几个 ①两种注音(就是标声调,有两种读法) ②层次分析(当然要写两个了) ③不记得了…… ④说明两种语意还是什么的,大概是辨析歧义的原因吧
脊的笔顺是: 肃的笔顺是:
接着写:
一个 22 分的分析题,我完全没思路 A 组:两床书 一身水 三盘饺子 一手泥 B 组:两床棉被 一身西服 三盘磨石 一手好针线活
1、纵向看 A 组的划线部分(我不会划线,就是 A、B 组黑体字)是可以 分为几类词? 2、横向看 A、B 两组划线部分的语义指向有什么不同(题目不知记得对 不对),A、B 两组在现代汉语中那组的使用范围跟广一些,再举几例说 明。 3、A 组划线部分的词性和 B 组是否相同,是什么词?并验证。 4、根据 3 得出的结论,说明现代汉语划分词性的方法。
填空 3、年字在现代汉语中是独体字,从古代汉语来看是什么字? 4、一粒米、一米长中的“米”不是在现代汉语中属于什么词?
判断 韵腹是 i 的都是齐齿呼 保证、主张、?等动词后都能跟名词性宾语和谓词性宾语
/
选择 1、儿化边音要加?的是哪个选项? (选项不记得了) 2 下列“露”读音全一致的一组: 由这几个词“露骨 露天 露营 露台 露脸 ? ? ?(记不全)”构成 的选项
2012年北京外国语大学汉语国际教育硕士专业课真题(回忆版)
2012年北京外国语大学汉语国际教育硕士专业课真题(回忆版)汉语基础现代汉语名词解释:1、音素2、语义场简答题:1、反义词的构成条件。
2、请举实例如何区别名词、动词、形容词。
3、请简要说明汉字的形音关系。
语言分析:(二)1、“肃”共几笔?2、“插”共几笔?3、“长”的笔顺4、“旗”的形旁5、“辩”的声旁6、“及”的第二笔是什么?(三)划分句子成分1、母亲用手温柔地抚摸着孩子的头,眼睛里满是慈爱和怜惜。
2、夏日似火的骄阳倾泻下来,人们热得喘不过气来。
汉语国际教育基础一、中外文化填空:(一个空1分,共5分)1.史书按照运用的体裁来分分为哪三种?2.南洪北孔是指的哪两个人?名词解释:1、四书五经2、文艺复兴三杰3、北宋四大类书简答题:1、哥特式艺术的基本特征。
2、中国古代戏曲艺术的审美特色。
二、教育心理学填空(每个空一分,共10分)1.谁的什么著作和谁的什么著作被看做是对第二语言习得研究的起点2.对外汉语的要素教学是指对什么的教学3.最早的对外汉语教科书叫什么,谁写的名词解释:1、学习策略2、迁移简答题:1、简要说明教师期望效应。
三、对外汉语教育名词解释:1、歧义容忍度2、交际性测试简答题:1、简单介绍听说法及其优缺点。
2、为什么在学习汉语知识的同时还要学习中国文化知识?以上就是我所回忆的全部内容,希望能对大家有用,也祝愿所有为梦想在路上奋斗的朋友,希望我们的梦想都能乘着努力的东风驶向成功的彼岸!萧野2012年1月9日在前面的话:2012年全国硕士研究生已重重的落下帷幕,走出考场的那刻,天色已暗,内心有种说不出的凄凉和一种无比沉重的失落,不知道自己是否为试题失落,还是为着刚刚结束的考试而感伤。
一切都成过往,坐在公交车上想想自己备考北外这大半年的辛酸苦辣,心里真是感触良多。
登上手机QQ ,发小立刻发来消息问我考得怎么样,我说,还好的,就是今年两门专业课都不是按套路出牌,出的都是边边角角的知识点,他回我说,“你肯定能考上”。
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考得并不理想,三跨,时间不多,所以我也没什么经验和大家分享还没看到有人来回忆,那我先来吧。
首先声明,我很不擅长记题,基本考完就忘。
因为在这里得到了很多,所以想要回报一下,不能保证还原度……我记性真的很差………………抱歉了啊……[B]2012北语汉语基础真题[/B]拿到试卷的时候……很蒙,还怀疑是不是拿错了。
题型和样卷、往年真题变化很大。
那先说说题型一、基础知识首先是填空题,只有五六题。
然后是判断题,大概五题……接着是选择题,也只有五六题。
以上考的内容就和样卷上差不多,但是可以看到,分值减少到20以内了,这就是今年所有的客观题。
汉语基础部分还没有完,还有分析词语之类的,都是4、5分的主观题。
二、汉语应用能力这部分和样卷差不多,语音能力、汉字能力题都有,没有标注一整句话的拼音。
文言文题型和历年考查方式一样,标点5分,翻译5分。
今年没有直接的同义词辨析题,但是其实间接考了很多辨析……没有修改病句,没有划分单句句法成分,没有划分复句层次,具体有什么……请往下看。
试题填空:后鼻尾韵母一共有个。
数量词不能单用是因为。
判断:齐齿呼是韵头或韵腹是i的音节。
选择:“……的心辣辣地……”用了什么修辞手法?分析:都先是给了几个例子的1.“通过”和“经过”在用法上有什么区别。
(具体题目还要再详细一点的)2.“幸亏”和“幸好”的区别。
(都是给了例子引导答题的,不确定记错了没有,可能这道题是后面的大分析题……)汉语应用能力:局的结构。
搬的结构。
脊的笔顺。
chuang(大概吧这种结构的音节)有几个音素。
真好啊(类似这样的发音组合原题记不清了)“啊”的实际读音。
改正错别字(我就不故意打别字了):脉搏、墨守成规……古代汉语:这一题………………考了的同学都有吃惊么?竟然和2010年国家样卷上那道题出自同一篇文章,叫做《李将军》,讲李广的。
网上搜到了,挑出考题原文如下广以卫尉为将军,出雁门击匈奴。
匈奴兵多,破败广军,生得广。
单于素闻广贤,令曰:“得李广必生致之。
”胡骑得广,广时伤病,置广两马闲,络而盛卧广。
行十余里,广详死,睨其旁有一胡儿骑善马,广暂腾而上胡儿马,因推堕儿,取其弓,鞭马南驰数十里,复得其余军,因引而入塞。
匈奴捕者骑数百追之,广行取胡儿弓,射杀追骑,以故得脱。
翻译:睨其旁有一胡儿骑善马,广暂腾而上胡儿马,因推堕儿,取其弓,鞭马南驰数十里,复得其余军,因引而入塞。
匈奴捕者骑数百追之,广行取胡儿弓,射杀追骑,以故得脱。
大分析题(我用题号只是为了看着方便,顺序记不清了):1. 给了两个句子,要求找出里面的定语,然后说出是什么性质的定语(名词性啊形容词性啊),写出定语的语义类别,分辨限制型和描写型,最后归纳定语顺序的规律。
2. 给了两列词语,每列都有四五个,“两床书—两床被子”这样,是两列的对比,划线词是床,(还有其他几个词的,一手泥,什么的),问题有四个,大概要求是说出区别、说出词性、说出………………总之就是分析- -。
3. 这个是最后一题,给了个句子“小李买好米”(人名不记得了,但是按照题目思路写了个功能一样的,上声相连),问题也有几个①两种注音(就是标声调,有两种读法)②层次分析(当然要写两个了)③不记得了……④说明两种语意还是什么的,大概是辨析歧义的原因吧还有好些题想不起来了啊……很困了,先写汉语国际教育基础了………………[B]汉语国际教育基础[/B]这个相对于汉语基础,题型变动不算大。
文化常识和跨文化部分,依然是15填空、10判断、35选择教育学、心理学这部分,也是有填空、判断,不同的是…………有多选题。
多了名词解释,5题,2分一题,简要回答就好。
这个去年北语没考,但是好像之前考过。
样卷的40分材料写作题被北语改掉了,10分去了名词解释,还剩下30分。
试题一、中外文化(题目依然细碎,我就不区分选择、填空、判断、顺序了)普通话的英文魏源的书奥巴马是哪个党的lady gaga乔布斯的品牌THE ART OF WAR是哪本名著颜真卿写的是什么字体日本什么城仿造的是中国什么城中国最高立法机关民盟全称书法兰亭集序是谁写的二、教育学、心理学……《无声的语言》教学法流派的题目肯定会考,大概是描述,然后问你这是什么海姆斯的理论(啊,好困……想不起来了好想去睡觉了……抱歉各位)三、名词解释偏误母语迁移跨国汉语汉语教学的文化意识(大概是这样)四、30分的最后大题啦给了一个课本上的课文原文吧是有两个人到一个同学家做客,大家说做菜什么的核心是把字句问题有两个:1.找出语法点,指出语法点的基本结构,概括课文中的具体结构……2.本课打算采用“听说法”和“任务型教学法”,这两种方法的特征是?据此写出本课课堂教学的方法、流程(大概是问这个,具体用词可能不准确,就是叫你做课堂设计吧)。
呼呼……先到这吧,晚安各位…………………………有想到把自己能记下来的一些也写下来吧。
我学工科的,所以“汉语基础”那门考得很差,当时考完就知道没戏儿了。
明年考研的同学们一定要提前做好准备,跟大纲和样卷颠覆性地转变。
大家应该多参考北语“现代汉语”往年的回忆版试卷,应该很有用。
我打印出来过后就没看,准备等到复试的时候用,现在看来后悔死了。
填空3、年字在现代汉语中是独体字,从古代汉语来看是什么字?4、一粒米、一米长中的“米”不是在现代汉语中属于什么词?韵腹是i 的都是齐齿呼保证、主张、?等动词后都能跟名词性宾语和谓词性宾语选择1、儿化边音要加ə的是哪个选项?(选项不记得了)2下列“露”读音全一致的一组:由这几个词“露骨露天露营露台露脸???(记不全)”构成的选项(我记不清题号就不写了,每一题空行)根据以下句子归纳“倒”的用法1)我没吃药,这病倒好了2)......,你倒是说呀(这句记不清了)3)真有这样的好事?我倒要听听4)质量倒是好,就是有点贵分析比较“他不比我高”和“他没有我高”的异同。
搬是什么结构局是什么结构跌的声旁脊的笔顺是:肃的笔顺是:接着写:一个22分的分析题,我完全没思路A组:两[B]床[/B]书一[B]身[/B]水三[B]盘[/B]饺子一[B]手[/B]泥B组:两[B]床[/B]棉被一[B]身[/B]西服三[B]盘[/B]磨石一[B]手[/B]好针线活1、纵向看A组的划线部分(我不会划线,就是A、B组黑体字)是可以分为几类词?2、横向看A、B两组划线部分的语义指向有什么不同(题目不知记得对不对),A、B两组在现代汉语中那组的使用范围跟广一些,再举几例说明。
3、A组划线部分的词性和B组是否相同,是什么词?并验证。
4、根据3得出的结论,说明现代汉语划分词性的方法。
(这个题很重要,是分数最多的题,倒数第三道,当时我根本不会答,所以问题记得不全、不准。
但材料基本是完整的,只是A、B组各少了一个,好像记得是“一车?”。
希望记得全的同学补充一下,千万不要因此对大家照成误导。
)数第二题:1、团长看着我的那把经过多年战斗的、乌黑闪亮的老式步枪。
2、那时当地传诵着的丰富多彩的传奇故事。
问题1、将上述两句话的定语划分出来。
2、区分上诉定语是限制性的还是描述性的,并说明其语义指向。
(说道这里大家一定要注意了,“语义指向”的知识点很重要,好几道大题都出现了,哎......)3根据上面的问题,说明现代汉语中多成定语层次的排列顺序,并解释原因。
材料:1、这件事情由班长负责2、这些小问题由秘书解决3、金马奖“最佳男主角”由刘德华获得问题:1、上诉三例中的“由”能不能换成“被”,如果能变换成“被”字句。
2、有些情况下“由”可以换成“被”,有些情况下不可以,为什么?3、“由”可以换成“被”字的句子,在语义上跟原句有什么不同。
最后一道大题:材料李小米买好米。
问题:1、标出上述例句中变调的不同读法。
(给一个例子,就是把原句抄下来,直接在文字头上标出声调符号)2、根据上述不同的读音用层次分析法划分层次。
(由小到大地分)3、分别从语音、语义、?方面说明上述分析的原因。
(记不清问题了)面回忆一下“汉语国际教育基础”的试题。
(我特别悲惨地就是在下午考这门的时候,突然发现答题纸的第二栏要求写的是“考试科目代号及名称”,早上我尽然写的是“045300-汉语国际教育”,现在也不知会被怎么处理,要是得0分,理由也很充分了。
所以提醒以后考研的同学,一定先把答题纸上的姓名、考号、科目按要求写好。
)这门课和大纲要求基本是相近的,变化大概只在15%—20%左右。
教育学和心理学的部分加了多选题,名词解释题,单选题、填空题保留,判断题删去了。
最后一道大题分数压缩的30分:给了一篇对话的短文,主人公是金汉成、安娜、?。
1、找出这篇课文要讲述的语法点,并对[B]这一[/B]语法点的特点进行分析。
(10分)(我想既然是“这一语法点”我就只找了一个:“把”字句)2、说说听说法和任务教学法(我不知是不是叫这个,关键是有“任务”两个字,我在《对外汉语教育引论》没见过)的特征,并根据上述语法点设计语法教案。
要体现听说法和任务教学法特点,设计相应的教学步骤及环节。
(20分)面回忆一下“汉语国际教育基础”的试题。
(我特别悲惨地就是在下午考这门的时候,突然发现答题纸的第二栏要求写的是“考试科目代号及名称”,早上我尽然写的是“045300-汉语国际教育”,现在也不知会被怎么处理,要是得0分,理由也很充分了。
所以提醒以后考研的同学,一定先把答题纸上的姓名、考号、科目按要求写好。
)这门课和大纲要求基本是相近的,变化大概只在15%—20%左右。
教育学和心理学的部分加了多选题,名词解释题,单选题、填空题保留,判断题删去了。
最后一道大题分数压缩的30分:给了一篇对话的短文,主人公是金汉成、安娜、?。
1、找出这篇课文要讲述的语法点,并对[B]这一[/B]语法点的特点进行分析。
(10分)(我想既然是“这一语法点”我就只找了一个:“把”字句)2、说说听说法和任务教学法(我不知是不是叫这个,关键是有“任务”两个字,我在《对外汉语教育引论》没见过)的特征,并根据上述语法点设计语法教案。
要体现听说法和任务教学法特点,设计相应的教学步骤及环节。
(20分)、填空张择端画作,汴河:《清明上河图》《狂人日记》的作者:鲁迅The Art of War 哪本中国古代著作:《孙子兵法》民盟的全称:中国民主同盟普通话的英文名称:mandarin“究天人之际,通古今之变”是那本书:《史记》与日本“北方四岛”有争的是哪个国家:俄罗斯清末租借青岛的是西方哪个国家:德国我国最高立法机关是:全国人民代表大会海上生明月,天涯共此时是谁的诗:张九龄《聊斋志异》是谁的作品:蒲松龄颜真卿的字体被称为:颜体提出“师夷长技以制夷”作品是:《海国图志》第一个访华的美国总统是:尼克松二十四节气中的“夏满芒夏暑相连”的“芒”指的是:芒种伊斯兰教的创始人是:穆罕默德1997年在日本京都召开的《气候框架公约》第三次缔约方大会上通过的国际性公约:《京都议定书》判断题长城自古以来就是中华民族的象征美国分为东部地区和西部地区,即是“东部时间”和“西部时间”的由来奥巴马是民主党人lady gaga 是英国著名歌手混凝土一词是由日本传入我国的。