中考英语专题讲练：叙事记叙文(解析版)

叙事记叙文
知识精讲
一、写作概述
叙事记叙文以记叙事件，描写见闻为主要写作方式，中间穿插作者的感受和评价。

英文的叙事记叙文一般都采用开门见山的写作手法，直接交代时间、地点、任务、事件等，然后详细叙述事情发展的原因、经过和结果。

由于要描述一件事情的发展，所以表示时间和过程的关联词就特别常用。

一个事件会有许多细节需要写，还要选择与作者写作意图相关的主要材料。

写记叙文有以下几点注意事项：
1. 主题要明确。

主题是记叙文核心，文中所有内容都应该围绕主题展开，可以适当发挥，但不要偏离主题，否则就会有跑题嫌疑。

2. 记叙文五要素。

一篇完整的叙事记叙文通常包含五大要素，就是我们说的五个常见疑问词，分别是when，where，what，who，how。

3. 叙述手法多样化。

若条件允许，我们尽可能多地运用顺叙，倒叙，插叙等叙述手法，让文章整体显得不那么单调乏味。

4. 细节处理。

写作过程中注意人称、数以及时态的一致性和连贯性。

二、必备句型
1. On Sunday, I had a picnic with my parents.
星期天我和父母一起去野餐了。

2. We planned to go to the beach to spend our weekend.
我们本打算去海边过周末。

3. This morning, we got up earlier to catch the early bus.
为了赶上早班车，我们今天早上起床比较早。

4. We set off to climb the hill at six in the morning.
我们早上六点动身去爬山。

5. After having a rest, we continued to water the trees.
休息了一会儿后，我们继续浇树。

6. Although we were all tired, we enjoyed ourselves today.
尽管今天我们都很累，但我们玩得很高兴。

7. What a terrible/ happy evening!
多么糟糕的/快乐的一个晚上啊！
三点剖析
一、重难点：
高分突破方法（三）
按照提纲，添枝加叶
提纲列出后，写作思路就很明确了，接下来就要按照提纲开始写了。

写作过程中注意题目要求中的内容要全部涵盖，不要丢点；于此同时，需要我们发挥的地方我们合理拓展，但不要信马由缰，脱离文章主旨。

这一步是写作的关键，一定要谨慎行之。

为了保证写作质量，一定注意以下几点：
1). 保证正确。

写作第一步就是保证自己的表达是正确的。

所以尽可能多地用自己熟悉的句型，如果长句不确定，干脆拆成两个句子表达，只写有把握的句子。

2). 长短结合。

写作中注意长句短句相结合，有的同学刻意追求较难的词汇和长句，这是一个误区。

复合句是要有，但不要刻意追求，文章的准确性、表达合理性才是最重要的。

3). 句型变换。

当遇到不会写的部分时，考场上不要慌张，把不会的词和句子转换成自己会的简单单词和句型。

只要保证这些词和句子的正确性，得分不会低很多。

4). 正确表述。

除了以上几点，正确的表述在写作中也尤为重要。

避免对考试要求的逐句翻译。

题目是对文章的提示，所提的要点自然要全部包含，但这并不意味着逐句翻译题目要求。

我们需要根据提示，自己组织语言写出这些要点既、即可；同时，要避免一些中式思
维的影响。

5). 衔接结构。

写作过程中要重视句子之间的衔接，根据前后句关系，加入恰当的连词，会使整篇文章更加紧凑、流畅。

于此同时，也会更加凸显文章结构，让阅卷老师更快地找到写作重点，这一点也是我们在写作训练中要重点抓的一项。

二、万能模板：
1. 参加活动
_______________ (时间), we panned to _______________ (活动名称).
At _______________ (时间), _______________ (具体活动). Then _______________ (接下来的活动). Finally, _______________ (其他活动).
We _______________ (感受和收获)
2. 参观旅行
_______________ (时间), we went to _______________(地点) to have a trip.
First we went to _______________. Then _______________. At last_______________ (一次介绍参观旅游的经历).
It’s a _______________ day(简要评述). I hope _______________ (发表看法).
题模精选
题模一：造句练习
例1.1.1根据括号内的中文提示，转换句型。

1. Once it is seen, it will never be forgotten. (省略)
_____________________________________________________________________
2. A．beautiful girl stood in front of me. (用倒桩结构)
_____________________________________________________________________
3. A．young woman got on the bus, and a baby was in her arms. (合并成一句话)
_____________________________________________________________________
题模二：书面表达
例1.2.1根据中文和英文提示，写一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于50词的回信。

信的开头和结尾已给出，其词数不计入所要完成的回信内。

所给的英文提示词语供选用。

请不要写出你的姓名和校名。

假如你叫王刚，最近收到你的英国朋友John发来的邮件，他想了解你的暑期生活。

请你根据他的问题回复邮件。

提示词语：summer vacation, because, helpful, be good for, plan, improve
随堂练习
随练1.1根据括号内的中文提示，转换句型。

1. If you hurry, you will not miss the bus. (改为并列句)
_____________________________________________________________________
2. The students reached the top of the mountain exhausted. (状语前置)
_____________________________________________________________________
3. They will never give up the struggle for success. (改为倒装句)
_____________________________________________________________________
4. We should make great efforts to reduce air pollution. (改为被动语态)
_____________________________________________________________________
5. He raised his voice so that the audience could hear him clearly. (使用不定式) _____________________________________________________________________
随练1.2父母为我们付出了很多，你又做过哪些事情来表达自己的感恩之情呢?某英文报纸就“感恩”主题进行征文，请你投稿。

描述你为父母做过的一件事，并谈谈你的感受。

提示词语：grow up, show one’s gratitude (表示感激), something special
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
随练1.3请根据提示内容，以“A．visit to _________ home”为题，为学校英文报写一篇短文，叙述你“走亲戚或访友”的一次经历。

提示：When? Whose home?
How? What?
Your feelings…
要求：1). 请将短文题目补充完整；
2). 参考提示内容，可适当发挥；
3). 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；
4). 文中不得出现任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）；
5). 词数：不少于70词。

A．visit to _________ home
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
自我总结
课后作业
作业1根据括号内的中文提示，转换句型。

1. If it is necessary, you can turn to your teacher for help. (省略)
_____________________________________________________________________
2. The young woman used to be a housewife. She works in the office now. (改为复合句)
_____________________________________________________________________
3. This is the only way that we can live a better life. （改为倒装句)
_____________________________________________________________________
4. They will never give up the struggle for success. (用倒装结构)
_____________________________________________________________________
5. This is the book that I bought yesterday. (改为分词作定语)
_____________________________________________________________________
6. The quality of the car is good. The price of the car is also reasonable. (用短语连成一句话)
_____________________________________________________________________
作业2书面表达
1. 假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom想了解有关中国春节的情况。

请你根据以下要点提示，给他写一封80词左右的邮件，把中国春节介绍给他。

短文的开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

要点提示：春节一般在一月或二月，是中国最重要的节日。

大年三十晚上，家庭成员聚在一起吃年夜饭。

饭后，人们会在电视上看春节联欢晚会，还会放鞭炮等。

孩子们还能从长辈那里得到红包。

参考词汇：on the eve of…在……的前夕；Spring Festival Gala 春晚
Dear Tom,
Now I’d like to tell you something about the Spring Festival.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
We always have a good time. Welcome to our country.
Yours,
Lihua
作业3人们总是在成长中提高和完善自己。

几年前迈克不懂礼貌，喜欢和别人打架，父母为之非常担心。

后来发生的一件事改变了他。

请根据下面的提示内容，以“Mike’s changes”为题写一篇短文。

提示词：father, hurt, stop, study hard, polite and friendly, get a good grade…
要求：1. 所有提示词必须用上，但可适当发挥。

短文完整通顺；
2. 80词左右。

短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Mike’s changes
Mike has changed a lot in the past few years._______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
答案解析
叙事记叙文
题模精选
题模一：造句练习
例1.1.1
【答案】 1. Once seen, it will never be forgotten.
2. In front of me stood a beautiful girl.
3. A．young woman got on the bus, a baby in her arms.
【解析】 1. 考查句子的省略。

若主从句主语一致，为了表达更简洁，从句的主语可以被省略。

2. 考查倒装句。

将表方位的词或短语提前，句子要全部倒装，即将动词提到主语之前。

3. 考查句子合并。

两句话中的两个动作有一定关联，可以把次要句子中的动词作处理当做状语，若两句话主语统一，省略次要句子主语；若主语不统一，则都需要保留主语。

题模二：书面表达
例1.2.1
【答案】
One possible version:
Hi, John!
I’m glad to hear from you. I am going to learn English during this summer vacation. I find English useful and I am not very good at it. I am especially poor in listening and speaking. I hear there is an English class taught by the US teachers. I am planning to go to that English class so that I can improve my listening and speaking.
Yours,
Wang Gang
【解析】句型提炼。

1.I’m glad to hear from you.
2.I am going to…because …
3.I am planning to go…where the air is fresh and …
The reasons why I …are as following…firstly…then…finally…
随堂练习
随练1.1
【答案】 1. Hurry up! Or you will miss the bus.
2. Exhausted, the students reached the top of the mountain.
3. Never will they give up the struggle for success.
4. Great efforts should be made by us to reduce air pollution.
5. He raised his voice to make the audience hear him clearly.
【解析】 1. 考查句子间连词。

根据句意：如果你快点，就不会错过公交车。

就相当于：快点，否则你会错过公交车。

否则用“or”。

2. 考查句子成分。

本剧中“exhausted”表示动作完成时的状态，作状语。

状语不是句中必要成分，所以位置比较灵活，本句直接将状语提前即可，更加强调学生们爬到山顶时精疲力竭的状态。

3. 考查部分倒桩。

句中有否定词，否定词提前，句子要用半倒装，将助动词提到主语前。

4. 考查被动语态。

将宾语提前，动词用“be done”的被动形式。

5. 考查不定式的应用。

不定式就可以表目的，但to后要跟动词原形，所以使用了“make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事”句型。

随练1.2
【答案】There’s no doubt that parents have given me a lot since I was born. With their care, I grow up happily. So I think it is necessary to do something special for them to show my gratitude.
Both of my parents love music. So it would be a great idea to buy a wonderful CD．for them. Last Sunday, I went to a bookstore and chose one among the top 10. While we were having dinner together, I played the CD．It was beautiful. With great joy, they gave me a warm hug and a big smile. I felt very sweet.
I was really proud that I did something for my parents. Their smiles were the best encouragement for me. I made up my mind to do things like this more often.
【解析】一、审题
本篇文章要求描写一件做过的事，属于叙事类文章，通篇以过去时为主；叙事类文章通常会发表对于这件事的感受，所以这个时候需要转换为一般现在时。

还要注意这是一篇给报社的投稿，所以要写的正式一点。

二、写作思维
1. 首段写出父母为我付出很多，表达自己对父母的感激之情。

There is no doubt… it’s necessary for me to do…
2. 根据亲身经历，描写一件为父母做过的事。

it would a great idea to… I went to… I played…
3. 总结感受。

I was really proud that…I made up my mind to…
随练1.3
【答案】A．visit to my friend’s home
Last Sunday afternoon, I went to my friend’s home. It was not far. So I went there by bike. In her home, we watched an English movie and listened to music. We also made some toys with old clothes. It was not easy, but we tried. We cut the clothes into pieces. Then we put the pieces and other things together. At last, these pieces were made into different toys. How lovely they were! We had much fun when we did it. We were very proud. What a pleasant visit!
【解析】一、审题
本文虽然是一件叙事类记叙文，但开放性很强，事件需要自己去构思，包括具体发生的时间，地点，交通工具，拜访时做的事情，自己的感受等。

这样的作文考生比较好上手，但一定注意细节处理，确保每句话都能正确传达自己的意思。

于此同时，描述以前的一次经历，所以通篇一般过去时。

二、写作思维
1. 开篇点题：I went to visit… (+时间，地点，方式等)
2. 介绍经历：In her home, we… Then… At last…
3. 经历感受：I feel… How lovely they were.
三、文章亮点
1. 重点短语
1). cut… into…把……切成……
2). be made into…把……制成
2. 高级句型
1). At last, these pieces were made into different toys.
最后这些布块制成了不同的玩具。

2). How lovely they were! 它们多可爱呀！
课后作业
作业1
【答案】 1. If necessary, you can turn to your teacher for help.
2. The young woman who works in the office now used to be a housewife.
3. Only in this way can we live a better life.
【解析】 1. 考查句子省略。

从句中的主语，谓语并没有明确指代，按口语习惯可以省略。

2. 考查简单句改定语从句。

前后两句都在说一个人或物，本句中两句话都在说“the young woman”可以用关系代词who合成一个复合句。

3. 考查句子部分倒桩。

Only+状语提前，句子用半倒装，将助动词提到主语前。

作业2
【答案】Dear Tom,
Now I’d like to tell you something about the Spring Festival. It is the most important festival in China. It is always in January or February. On the eve of the Spring Festival, family members get together and then have a big dinner. After dinner, people like to watch the Spring Festival Gala on
TV. Many people are interested in it. We like to set off firecrackers at night. They are really wonderful. During the Spring Festival, we get presents of money in red packets from our grandparents, parents, aunts and uncles.
We always have a good time. Welcome to our country.
Yours,
Lihua
【解析】一、审题
本文是向外国笔友介绍中国节日，涉及中国传统文化，是考试热点。

春节又是我们最为熟知的一个节日，所以写起来应该不难。

提示信息都要包含：首先写春节是重要节日，一般在每年一二月份；然后写人们在春节期间的活动，如家庭聚餐（get together, have a big dinner）；看春晚（watch Spring Festival Gala）；放鞭炮（set off firecrackers）；得到红包（get red packets）等。

介绍风俗，全篇用一般现在时。

二、写作思维
1. 开头点题：It is the most important festival in China.
2. 段中叙事：On the eve of the Spring Festival… get together… have a big dinner…
3. 结尾客套：We always have a good time. Welcome to our country.
三、写作亮点
1. 重点短语
1). get together 聚在一起；
2). be interested in…对……感兴趣
2. 高级句型
1). It is the most important festival in China.
在中国这是最重要的节日。

2). During the Spring Festival, we get presents of money in red packets from our grandparents, parents, aunts and uncles.
春节期间，我们可以从爷爷奶奶，父母，姑姑和叔叔那里得到红包。

作业3
【答案】Mike’s changes
Mike has changed a lot in the past few years. A．few years ago, he was lazy and rude. And he liked to fight with others. His parents worried about him. But what happened to his father made him change a lot.
One day Mike fought with others again. His father wanted to stop him. Unluckily, his father was hurt badly. Mike felt terribly sorry for what he did and decided to change himself. From then on, he started to study hard and tried to be polite and friendly to everyone. Now he never has a fight with others. And he has got a good grade at school.
【解析】一、审题
本文为叙事记叙文。

根据开头可以判断，之后要写的东西是他几年前的状况，然后写改变迈克的一件事，要细致描写，为本文重点，最后还要说一下迈克的现状。

描述以前，以及改变的事件全部用一般过去时。

人称用第三人称。

二、写作思维
1. 描述以前：A．few years ago, he was…
2. 描写事件：One day Mike… unluckily… From then on…
3. 描写现状：Now he never has a fight with others. And he has got a good grade at school.
三、写作亮点
1. 重点短语
1). fight with sb.和某人打架
2). worry about…为……担心
3). feel sorry for…为……感到难过
4). from then on 从那时起
2.高级句型
1). But what happened to his father made him change a lot.
但发生在父亲身上的一件事改变了他很多。

2). Mike felt terribly sorry for what he did and decided to change himself.
迈克为他的所作所为感到非常难过，决定改变自己。