精品：【全国百强校】山西省大同市第一中学2015-2016学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题(解析版)

第Ⅰ卷客观卷（共70分）
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
Christmas Eve was tomorrow. I hoped one of the packages that held a camera had already been placed under the Christmas tree. It was the only thing I wanted. I had been dropping hints to my parents. I love taking photos. My bedroom walls are covered with photos I had taken with my mom’s old camera. I’m always trying to capture (捕捉) those perfect moments in which you can hear the laughter or touch the beautiful scene, but my camera has always seemed to fall short.
I knew Mom had put a few presents under the tree this morning, so I went on a hunt in my mom’s room. I opened the door and found my Christmas present was lying unwrapped on the floor —a big pink cat. I felt so disappointed.
Mo m seemed to notice that, and she tried to cheer me up. ―Stacy, I got your present today. I am so excited to surprise you!‖ ―I can’t wait,‖ I said.The next day I couldn’t wait any longer. I needed to tell her.
―Mom, may I talk to you for a second?‖
―Sure, dear. What do you need to talk about?‖ she asked.
And so it came — how upset I was that I was getting a cat.
―Stacy, that cat is for your sister Julia!‖ she said with a smile.
―Then what am I getting?‖ I asked.
She just smiled. ―You’ll have to wait and see.‖
The next morning, I happily got into the living room and sat next to the tree. I pulled out the box with my name on it and opened the wrapping paper to find ...
My camera! ―Thank you!‖ I said to both Dad and Mom.
Dad picked up the camera and took a picture of Julia, Mom and me. It has become one of my favorite pictures. Just on that Christmas morning, I took lots of photos with my camera — my little sister making a face, my parents giving me a soft smile — and all of these photos have come to mean one thing to me: love.
1. The underlined phrase ―dropping hints‖ in Paragraph 1 means _____.
A. talking often
B. suggesting indirectly
C. sending presents
D. taking pictures
2. Why did Stacy feel disappointed at first?
A. Her mother couldn’t understand her at all.
B. Her mother didn’t buy her any Christmas gift.
C. She didn’t find her present in her mom’s room.
D. She mistook her sister’s Christmas gift for hers.
3. We can infer from the passage that _____.
A. her mother bought Stacy a camera after discovering her disappointment
B. Stacy finally got her gift on Christmas Eve
C. Stacy thought it’s OK to have an old camera
D. her mother knew what gift Stacy wanted for Christmas
4. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. A Christmas gift as wished.
B. Love is more important than gifts.
C. A wonderful Christmas.
D. Love can not be bought.
【答案】
1．B
2．D
3．D
4．A
考点：考查记叙文阅读
B
What are you fee ling right now as you start to read this? Are you curious? Hoping that you’ll learn something about yourself? Bored because this is something you have to do for school and you’re not really into it — or happy because it’s a school project you enjoy? Perhaps you’re attracted by something else, like feeling excited about your weekend plans or sad because you just went through a breakup.
Emotions like these are part of human nature. They give us information about what we’re experiencing and help us know ho w to react. We sense our emotions from the time we’re babies. Young children react to their emotions with facial expressions or with actions like laughing or crying. They feel and show emotions, but they don’t yet have the ability to name the emotion or sa y why they feel that way.
As we grow up, we become more skilled in understanding emotions. Instead of just reacting like little kids do, we can identify（定义）what we feel and put it into words. With time and practice, we get better at knowing what we are feeling and why. This skill is called emotional awareness.
Emotional awareness helps us know what we need and want, or don’t want! It helps us build better relationships. That’s because being aware of our emotions can help us talk about feelings more clearly, avoid or settle conflicts（冲突）better, and move past difficult feelings more easily.
Some people are naturally more in touch with their emotions than others. The good news is that everyone can be more aware of their emotions. It just takes pra ctice. But it’s worth the effort.
Emotional awareness is the first step toward building emotional intelligence, a skill that can help people succeed in life.
5. How do young children react to emotions?
A. With laughter and shouts.
B. With signs and expressions.
C. With facial expressions and actions.
D. With gestures of different kinds.
6. From the passage we know that emotional awareness actually _________.
A. enables us to live in society more easily
B. lets people understand others better
C. brings about conflicts between people
D. smooths away difficulties in our life
7. Where is the passage probably taken from?
A. A science fiction.
B. An advertisement.
C. A science magazine.
D. A television show.
【答案】
5．C
6．A
7．C
【名师点睛】
说明文是高考英语阅读理解中非常重要的一个题型。

本文属于解释说明文的一种。

说明文的解题关键在于
抓住文章第一段内容，通常该部分就是文章的中心思想。

说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。

把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。

说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。

数字说明文：在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。

解释说明文：解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。

许多科普文章都属于这一类。

在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。

它们是文章的关键。

如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。

比较说明文：比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。

在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。

作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。

但是，在一般情况下，作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。

考点：考查科普说明文阅读
C
English is fast becoming the language of science around the world, but what is its future among everyday speakers? One expert points out that the percentage(比率) of native English speakers is declining(降低) while the languages of other rapidly growing regions are being spoken by increasing numbers of people. But English will continue to remain widespread and important.
However, British language scholar David Graddol says English will probably drop in dominance(主导) by the middle of this century to rank after Chinese, about equally with Ar abic, Hindi, and Urdu. ―The number of people speaking English as a first language continues to rise, but it isn’t rising nearly as fast as the numbers of many other languages around the world, simply because the main population group has been largely in the less developed countries where languages other than English have been spoken,‖ he says.
In a recent article in the journal Science, Mr. Graddol noted that three languages that are not near the top of the list of the most widely spoken now might be there soon. These are Bengali, Tamil, and Malay, spoken in south and southeast Asia.
David Crystal, the author of the Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language, says about 1.5 billion of the world’s six billion people speak it as a second language c ompared to the 400 million native speakers. But another expert on the English language says Mr. Graddol underestimates (低估) the future of its dominance. ―All the evidence suggests that the English language snowball is rolling down a hill and is getting faster, but nobody quite knows what’s going to happen because no language has been in this position before.‖ he said.
8．In David Graddol’ s opinion, English will _______.
A．remain widespread and important
B．be more important than any other language
C．lose its dominant position
D．die away in the near future
9．The underlined sentence in the last paragraph implies that ______.
A．more and more language users will choose English
B．the English language snowball is rolling down faster than any time in the past
C．English language will soon drop in dominance
D．snowballs will roll down faster than language balls
10．How many experts does the passage mention who express their ideas about the future of English?
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
11．What should be the best title for the passage?
A．English Remaining in the Dominant Position
B．The Future of English? Who Knows?
C．Opinions from Different Experts
D．The English Language Snowball Rolling Down
【答案】
8．C
9．A
10．B
11．B
考点：考查议论文阅读
D
International students are allowed to work for the university they study at or for a business at the school. But the business must directly provide a service for students. You could work at the bookstore, for example, but not for a company that is building something at the school. Also, a foreign student cannot take the place of an American in a job.
International students can work 20 hours a week while having classes; more during school breaks. You can work until you finish your studies.
International students normally cannot take a job that has nothing to do with their school. But the government may give permission if students are suddenly faced with difficulties. Examples include large medical bills, the shortage of financial (财政上的) aid or an unexpected change in the financial support.
Students must also meet other conditions (条件). They must have studied at their American school for at least one year. Students must ask for permission again after a year if they want to continue an off-campus (校外的) job.
International students who will be studying at graduate school can apply (申请) for some jobs before they come to the United States. A good example is a university job like a teaching or research assistant.
Some schools pay their assistants. Others provide free education in return. Many do both. Graduate assistants might teach, give tests, grade work, help with research and clean the offices. Many universities now provide language training for foreign teaching assistants to help them improve their English. Some schools ask foreign
students to pass an English speaking test before they are allowed to teach.
International student offices at schools have to provide information on students each term for the Department of Homeland Security. Students who violate visa (签证) rules —for example, by working off-campus without permission — could be sent home.
12. What can we learn according to the passage?
A. All the international students can work for large companies.
B. International students are able to work whenever they like.
C. International students may be allowed to work outside the school when having financial trouble.
D. International students must have studied at their American school for less than a year to get a job.
13. We may infer from the passage that ____.
A. international students could apply for some jobs before coming to the US
B. all the schools pay their assistants and provide free education for them
C. international students cannot take their jobs before having language training
D. international students normally are not completely free to choose their jobs
14. The under lined word ―violate‖ in the last paragraph probably means ____.
A. ask for
B. go against
C. forget
D. obey
15. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The rules about getting a job while studying in the US for international students.
B. The reason why international students like studying in the United States.
C. What international students should do while working in the United States.
D. How international students could find jobs while studying in the US.
【答案】
12．C
13．D
14．B
15．A
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于说明文，第一段中提出国际生在美国学习期间找工作是有限制的，接下来详细说明了寻找工作要满足的条件。

【名师点睛】
本文属于主旨大意题。

主旨大意题的考查有两种方法，第一种要求概括标题，第二要要求寻找主题句（topic sentence）或主旨大意(main idea)的概括：
一篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题。

这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括。

此句叫做主题句。

一般来说，说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。

但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句，要求读者把握每段的主题句，弄清段于段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。

主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性。

文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释,说明,论证或扩展. 常见的主题句和主旨型题干：
1) What is the topic sentence of the passage?
2) This article/text/passage mainly tells that _____________.
3) Which of the following gives a general idea of the passage?
4) Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?
Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.
Q: What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer.
B. Bingham is a diligent student.
C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education.
D. A good lawyer needs good education.
【解题思路】此文没有主题句。

全篇共四句，只陈述了四个细节(detail)性的事实。

因此就答案本身看，个个都对。

读者只能将所有的details综合起来，进行逻辑推理，才能构成一个没有言明的主题思想(unstated main idea)。

由于文中主要涉及了Joshua Bingham接受教育的情况，即作者想告诉我们的是：Joshua Bingham接受过良好的教育，所以答案是Ｃ。

考点：考查说明文阅读
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Memory, they say, is a matter of practice and exercise. 16 But even if you are successful, there are times when your memory seems to play tricks on you.
17 One morning last week, for example, I got up and found that I had left the front door unlocked all night, yet I clearly remember locking it carefully the night before.
18 Once in a while you remember not doing something, and then find out that you did. One day last month, for example, I was sitting in a barber（理发师）shop waiting for my turn to get a haircut, and suddenly I realized that I had got a haircut two days before at the barber shop across the street from my office.
We always seem to find something funny and amusing（有趣的）in incidents caused by peop le’s forgetfulness or absent-mindedness. 19 Unfortunately, however, absent-mindedness is not always funny. 20
A. Stories about absent-minded professors have been told for years, and we never got tired of hearing new ones.
B. Memory ―trick‖ work the other way as well.
C. If you have the wish and really made a conscious（自觉的）effort, then you can quite easily improve your ability to remember things.
D. Generally forgetting things is serious and dangerous.
E. It is necessary to remember the way to protect yourself from memory ―tricks‖.
F. There are times when ―trick‖ of our memory can cause us great trouble.
G. Sometimes you remember things that really did not happen.
【答案】
16．C
17．G
18．B
19．A
20．F
考点：考查说明文阅读
第二部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Every person needs water and a diet of healthy foods. These foods should ____21___ some fat, some fiber, a little salt and so on.
People need energy __22__ . They eat different kinds of food which change into energy. The energy is___23__ in calories. Even when you __24__, you are using energy - about 65 calories an hour. __25__you are at
school, or walking home, your body is burning up 100 calories an hour. When playing football or basketball, you __26__be using 400 calories an hour. ____27____ Sports Day, during the relay race, you will use most of all, __28__as much as 650 calories an hour.
The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables. It is __29__in fiber and low in sugar and fat. The Chinese eat ___30___ sugar than many other countries in the world. That is __31__lots of people in China have healthy white teeth.
People in the Western world do not eat such healthy foods. They eat __32__fat and sugar and don’t take enough __33__. Because of this, they __34__weight very easily. Their diet contains a lot of fat in the __35__of potato crisps, potato chips, butter, cream and chocolate. They eat a lot of sugar ___36___ exists in cakes, soft drinks,__37__and so on.
The result is that many of them become fat.__38__ some have bad teeth. In some parts of Britain, one person in ten, __39__the age of thirty, has had no teeth ___40___.
21. A. include B. contain C. keep D. gain
22. A. for life B. to live C. to live in D. for a living
23. A. measuring B. taken C. measured D. measure
24. A. are asleep B. fall asleep C. go to sleep D. go to bed
25. A. While B. During C. Although D. If
26. A. must B. can’t C. need D. might
27. A. At B. On C. In D. With
28. A. surely B. usually C. perhaps D. hardly
29. A. rich B. poor C. good D. bad
30. A. more B. larger C. less D. smaller
31. A. how B. why C. what D. that
32. A. much too B. many too C. too many D. too much
33. A. exercises B. food C. work D. exercise
34. A. put on B. gain on C. get on D. put up
35. A. type B. form C. kind D. sort
36. A. what B. which C. as D. whose
37. A. sweets B. sweet C. candy bar D. sweet thing
38. A. But B. Or C. And D. So
39. A. at B. for C. with D. by
40. A. left B. leave C. leaving D. to leave 【答案】
21．B
22．B
23．C
24．A
25．A
26．D
27．B
28．C
29．A
30．C
31．B
32．D
33．D
34．A
35．B
36．B
37．A
38．C
39．D
40．A
31. B 考查上下文串联。

根据前句可知中国人吃的糖比其他国家的人都要更少。

所以使用比较级形式less。

这就是中国人通常都有白牙齿的原因。

why引导的表语从句句通常表示结果。

故B正确。

32. D 考查短语辨析。

many/much too后面通常接形容词副词，too many修饰可数名词复数形式，只有too much 修饰不可数名词。

本句横线后面是fat and sugar，这些都是不可数名词，所以使用too much修饰。

33. D 考查常识和语法。

很多西方人胖，主要是因为饮食中脂肪和糖分太多，锻炼太少。

名词exercise表示锻炼的时候，是不可数名词。

排除A项。

故D正确。

34. A 考查固定搭配。

短语put on weight发胖。

句意：因为这一点，他们很容易就发胖；故A正确。

35. B 考查固定短语。

介词短语in the form of以...形式；西方人的饮食以薯片和薯条的形式含有很多的脂肪。

故B正确。

36. B 考查定语从句。

先行词是sugar，关系代词which指代先行词在句中做主语，A项不能引导定语从句，as的先行词前面要有特殊的词修饰，whose在句中做定语。

故B正确。

【名师点睛】
本文属于完形填空中较为特殊的一篇，主要考查语法词汇的辨析以及句与句之间的关系：对于这类试题，第一要掌握表示过渡的连接语的用法和含义，如because表示因果关系，but表示转折关系等。

第二在没有过渡语的情况下，要结合上下文进行推理和判断，分清句与句之间的逻辑关系。

1. 利用文章中心主题句解题方法------利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。

为给学生理解文章奠定基础，使学生更易于理解文章内容，出题者在设计完形填空试题时，总是保留一个完整的、或是大半个完整的表达主旨的句子。

大家知道，文章的开头很重要，往往开宗明义点出文章主题。

因此，整篇文章的提示句往往在开头。

考生应充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文章的脉络与线索。

2.分析认识文章结构，理解领会文章各部分、各层次之间的逻辑关系。

只有明白文章结构，了解各段落之间的关系，才能加深对文章的理解。

明白了各部分是如何为表现主题思想服务的，也就更容易把握带空的句子所需要的是什么内容，因此就更容易选准答案了。

这要求考生具有扎实的英语词组、短语、习惯用法等英语搭配的知识，这对于理解文章的逻辑关系特别有利。

文章的逻辑关系不外乎列举、原因、结果、让步、对照、补充、目的、条件等关系。

表示列举的连词：
first, second, third…;firstly, secondly, thirdly…; first, next, then…; in the first place, in the second place…; for one thing, for another thing…;to begin with, to conclude…
表示原因的连词：because, since, as, now that…
表示结果的连词：so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result
表示让步和转折的连词：
however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever, whatever
表示对照的连词：on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely
表示补充的连词：
also, further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, what’s more, too, either, neither, not…but…, n ot only…but also…
表示时间顺序的连词：
when, while, as, after, before, since, until, as soon as, once
表示目的的连词：that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that
表示条件的连词：
if, suppose (that), supposing (that), unless, in case, so (as) long as, so far as, on condition (that), provided (that), providing (that)
考点：考查说明文阅读
第II卷主观卷（共30分）
第二节单句填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

41~42. They lost their way in the forest and ______ made matters worse was ___________ night began to fall.
43. ____________we will go there tomorrow by train hasn't been decided yet.
44. ____________ of you comes in first will be given a prize.
45. I don’t think it’s my ____________ that the TV blew up. I just turned it on. That’s all.
46. ___________ days went by, he didn’t succeed in anything he had planned.
47. On my __________(arrive) at the airport, my friend gave me a big hug.
48. Using all their ___________(strong), the driver and the passers-by pushed the car out of the mud in the end.
49. The storm left, ____________ (cause) a lot of damage to this area.
50. How ____________ (believe) beautiful the scenery beyond the mountain is!
【答案】
41. what
42. that
43. Whether
44. Whichever
45. fault
46. As
47. arrival
48. strength
49. having caused
50. unbelievably
考点：考查完成句子
第三部分写作（共两节，满分20分）
第一节：单句改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
下面十个句子，每句中有一处错误。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出改加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

51. --I’ll tell Mary about her new j ob tomorrow. –You must have told her last week.
52. Students are not permitted ride their bikes on the campus.
53. By the time they reached the top of the mountain, they were exhausting.
54. In order to keep fit, one has to be on a balance diet.
55. When asked that they needed, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.
56. When the fire broke up, I broke into the house to find my daughter; finally we successfully broke away from the burning building.
57. It is said that it takes patient and imagination to do the work well.
58. She didn’t think she would ever be able to forgive him keeping that information from her．
59. It’s important for you to know your own strengths and weakness.
60. Some notes will remember you how to present your ideas when you are giving a speech．
【答案】
1. must改为should
2. permitted后加to
3. exhausting改为exhausted
4. balance改为balanced
5. that改为what
6. up改为out
7. patient改为patience
8. him后加for
9. weakness改为weaknesses
10. remember改为remind
【解析】
试题分析：
【名师点睛】
中考查了―情态动词+have done‖的用法。

情态动词+ have +done是历年高考的重点和难点之一，现将其用法总结归纳如下：
一、―must+ have + done‖表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成―一定做过某事‖，该结构只用于肯定句。

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。

二、―can't + have + done‖表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成―不可能做过某事‖。

Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.
史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。

三、―can + have + done‖表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成―可能做过……吗？‖。

There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？
四、―could +have +done‖是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。

He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。

五、―may + have + done‖表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是―可能已经‖或―也许已经‖，用于肯定句中。

—What has happened to George? —I don't know. He may have got lost.
—乔治发生了什么事？——我不知道，他可能迷路了。

六、―might + have + done‖表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。

多用于虚拟语气结构中。

He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90)
他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。

七、―would + have + done‖虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是―本来会做‖。

I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me.
我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。

八、―should + have+ done‖意思是―本来应该做某事，而实际没做。

‖―shouldn't +have +done‖表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。

含有指责对方或自责的含意。

1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。

2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him. 看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。

九、―ought to+ have + done‖表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成―理应做……‖，往往表示遗憾。

与―should +have +done‖用法基本一样。

I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理应上星期日回家。

You ought not to have given him more help. 你不应该帮助他那么多。

十、―need+ have + done‖表示本来需要做某事而没有做。

―needn't +have +done‖则表示―本来不需要做某事而做了‖。

I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。

考点：考查单句改错
第二节：完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据所给汉语部分，补全英文句子。

每条横线上填一个单词。

61. It ___________ ___________ ___________ she has known the news. 她好像知道这个消息了。

62. All America ___________ ___________ ___________ ____________ see who would win the election.
全美国屏息而待，看谁会在这场选举中获胜。

63. He’s not dum b at all; ___________ ____________ ___________(与此相反), I think he’s rather cute.
64. Levy was born in a single parent family and was ____________ ___________ （抚养大）by his mother.
65. I think you should __________ ___________ __________ （当心）that man -- don’t be c heated by him. 【答案】
61. It __seems___ ____as____ __if/though _ she has known the news. 她好像知道这个消息了。

62. All America __held__ ____its___ _breath__ _____to____ see who would win the election.
全美国屏息而待，看谁会在这场选举中获胜。

63. He’s not dumb at all; ____on____ ____the____ __contrary__(与此相反), I think he’s rather cute.
64. Levy was born in a single parent family and was __brought_ _up_ （抚养大）by his mother.
65. I think you should _watch/look_ __out _ __for_ （当心）that man -- don’t be cheated by him.
考点：考查完成句子。