2020-2021年 八年级英语上册阅读理解单元测试(word版附答案)(word)1

2020-2021年八年级英语上册阅读理解单元测试（word版附答案）（word）1
一、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A lion was getting tired of hunting. He called all animals and passed an order. "Every day one of you should come by yourself as my food." All animals started to obey this order.
It was the rabbit's day. The rabbit was very sad. As he was going to the lion's den （兽穴）, he came across an old well （井）. He looked into it. It was very deep and dangerous. He made a plan in his mind.
The lion was very angry that no animal had come that day. The rabbit slowly came towards the lion. The lion shouted, "Why are you late?" The rabbit humbly （低声下气地） replied, "On my way another lion chased me. I got away with much difficulty to give my life to you."
The lion was pleased with the rabbit. But the thought of another lion in the jungle made him angry. The lion shouted, "Do you know where he lives?" The rabbit replied, "Yes, sir. Please come with me."
The rabbit took the lion to the old well. He said, "Sir, that lion lives in this well." The lion looked into the well. He mistook his reflection （倒影） for another lion. He shouted and there was an echo.
He thought that the other lion was shouting too and jumped into the well. That was the end of the lion.
（1）The underlined word "it" in the second paragraph refers to "________".
A. the rabbit
B. the lion's den
C. the old well
D. the plan
（2）The lion was ________ when he thought of another lion in the jungle.
A. pleased
B. angry
C. excited
D. bored
（3）The underlined word "echo" means "________" in Chinese.
A. 影像
B. 回声
C. 波纹
D. 折射（4）We can learn that ________ from the passage.
A. Sometimes wisdom can win
B. It's bad to be lazy
C. It's good to have good friends.
D. The order is not necessary sometimes
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了聪明的兔子用智慧杀死了狮子的故事。

（1）词义猜测题。

根据he came across an old well （井）. He looked into it 他偶然发现一口老井，他调查过了，可知it指代井，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据 the thought of another lion in the jungle made him angry 可知，当他想到丛林中的另一只狮子时，那只狮子很生气，故选B。

（3）词义猜测题。

根据 He thought that the other lion was shouting too他认为另一只狮子也在大叫，可知井里会有回音，故 echo 是回音的意思，故选B。

（4）主旨题。

根据本文讲述了聪明的兔子用智慧杀死了狮子的故事，可知有时候智慧会
赢，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读理解
Do you like eating ice-cream? Do you know how ice-cream spread in the world?
The earliest ice was eaten in China many years ago. People put fruit juice into ice. Later, this idea spread to Italy. Nero, the emperor of Rome between 54 AD and 68 AD, liked to eat ice between violin lessons. He ordered runners to run to the mountain, get snow and quickly run back to the palace. The snow was mixed with fruit juice and honey.
Around 1660, coffee shops serving ice-ream were very popular in Paris. Most of the coffee shops were owned by Italians. The first successful one was opened by a man from Italy named Francesco Procopio.
Ice-cream was probably to America in the early 1700s, and it quickly became the favorite of American presidents. George Washington had ice-cream machine in his kitchen. Dolly Madison, the wife of President Madison, was the first one to serve her guests ice-cream in the White House. Before ice-cream was sold in stores, it was made and frozen（冷冻）at home. It took lots of work to mix cream, eggs, fruit, ice and salt, and then to freeze it. Nancy Johnson, an American woman made the hand-turned ice-cream freezer in 1846. Five years later, Jacob Flusell opened first ice-cream freezer in 1846. Five years later, Jacob Flusell opened first ice-cream business in Baltimore, Maryland. His business quickly spread to other states.
（1）People in China and Italy ate ice with many years ago.
A. cream
B. coffee
C. fruit juice
D. eggs and salt
（2）From the passage we know that Francesco Procopio .
A. was a Frenchman
B. made an ice-cream machine
C. opened the first ice-cream shop in Paris
D. opened the first successful coffee shop serving ice-cream in Paris
（3）We can learn from the passage that Dolly Madison .
A. brought ice-cream to America
B. was once the president of America
C. opened the first ice-cream business in Baltimore
D. was the first one to serve the guests ice-cream in the White House
（4）How did ice-cream spread in the world?
A. China→Italy→France→America.
B. China→France→America→Italy.
C. Italy→China→France→America.
D. America→France→Italy→China.
（5）The passage mainly talks about .
A. how to make ice-cream
B. the history of ice-cream
C. why people like eating ice-cream
D. ice-cream shops around the world
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）D
（4）A
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冰激凌的历史。

先是从中国产生，传到意大利，法国，最后到美国，如今已风靡世界。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句The earliest ice was eaten in China many years ago. People put fruit juice into ice. Later, this idea spread to Italy. 理解可知，在很久以前，古老的中国人与意大利人吃带有水果汁的冰，故选C。

（2）细节理解题，根据文中的语句The first successful one was opened by a man from Italy named Francesco Procopio.理解可知，第一个成功在巴黎开冰激凌商店的是来自意大利的名叫弗朗西斯科·普罗科皮奥的人。

故选D。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句Dolly Madison, the wife of President Madison, was the first one to serve her guests ice-cream in the White House. 理解可知，多莉·麦迪逊，麦迪逊总统的妻子，是第一个在白宫为客人提供冰淇淋的人。

故选D。

（4）理解归纳题。

根据文中的语句 The earliest ice was eaten in China many years ago. Later, this idea spread to Italy. Around 1660, coffee shops serving ice-ream were very popular in Paris. Most of the coffee shops. 以及 Ice-cream was probably to America in the early 1700s, 可知冰激凌的传播过程是，中国，意大利，法国以及美国。

故选A。

（5）主题归纳题。

根据文中的语句理解可知，此文主要介绍了冰激凌的发展史，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

3．阅读理解
"Mom, I'm bored," said Jason. "There is nothing to do." "You can clean your room," said Mom. "That's not fun." It was only the second week of summer vacation. It was still too cold to go to the pool, and Jason was tired of watching TV. His
friends were away on vacation, and even his dog, Riley, was being lazy.
Mom was getting ready to go downtown to the food kitchen to help out. She volunteered serving lunch to people that weren't as lucky as Jason. "Why don't you come with me to the food kitchen and help out?" Mom asked. "I don't know anything about working at a food kitchen," said Jason. "You just watch me, and then you will see how to serve the food," said Mom.
It was time to go, and Jason was excited to try working in the food kitchen. He watched his Mom put some turkey and mashed potatoes on a plate. She then passed the plate to the next lady, and she put some green beans and bread on the plate. "I can do that," thought Jason. One of the volunteers left early, so Jason took over her spot in the serving line. He was in charge of
（负责） putting salad on the plates. He served twenty-five people that day. "That was great!" said Jason.
Jason was so excited and really enjoyed his day at the food kitchen. He couldn't wait to get home and tell his Dad about how much fun he had. "Jason, that was a nice thing you did today." "You helped many people who aren't as lucky as you to have a hot meal." Mom said, "I am so proud of you!"
Jason went to bed that night thinking about the food kitchen. "I am going to help out again, "he thought. Jason made some new friends, and he didn't even know they lived so close to him in town! The best part was how good Jason felt inside.
（1）At first Jason felt bored because_______.
A. his dog was lazy
B. no one went to the pool
C. he had nothing fun to do
D. he had to clean his room
（2）In the food kitchen, Jason's Mom volunteered ______.
A. selling food
B. making soup
C. cleaning up
D. serving lunch
（3）Jason was ______________ about working in the food kitchen.
A. sorry
B. excited
C. sad
D. relaxed
（4）What can we learn from the story?
A. Helping out is fun.
B. Seeing is believing.
C. Learning cooking is important.
D. Making friends is necessary.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文将暑假的第二周因朋友都外出度假了Jason在家感到烦闷。

（1）细节题，根据There is nothing to do.和That's not fun.可知他没有什么有趣的事情可做，故选C。

（2）细节题，根据 She volunteered serving lunch to people that weren't as lucky as Jason.她自愿给那些不如他儿子幸运的人们服务提供午饭，故选D。

（3）细节题，根据 Jason was so excited and really enjoyed his day at the food kitchen. 可知Jason对于在食物厨房工作很兴奋，故选B。

（4）主旨题，根据 Jason was so excited and really enjoyed his day at the food kitchen.和 I am going to help out again和 Jason made some new friends, and he didn't even know they lived so close to him in town! The best part was how good Jason felt inside.可知本文主要是讲述帮助是让人快乐的事情，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后，找出中心思想。

4．阅读理解
A healthy eating habit along with enough exercise can help you keep healthy. When you are young, it is important to give your body what it needs, If you skip meals, you can't get enough
calories（卡路里）. And then you may feel tired. By the way, the calorie is just another word for energy. About 50% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses a day. Drinking enough water can make your body work better and make you healthy.
Exercise can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. Scientists say that kids should spend at least 30 minutes exercising a day, five times a week. It is easy to do! You can walk or ride your bike to school, and play sports at school. However, kids often give up sports, saying they have no time left after finishing their homework. In fact, doing exercise can help them sleep better and do better in their lessons.
If you follow the advice above, you will look and feel much better and become healthier.
（1）The underlined word "skip" means "_____" in Chinese.
A. 询问
B. 略过
C. 阻止
D. 转移
（2）According to the scientists, kids should spend at least minutes exercising every week.
A. 30
B. 50
C. 100
D. 150
（3）Why do many kids give up sports according to the passage?
A. Because they are too lazy to exercise.
B. Because they feel great after giving up sports.
C. Because they are busy with their studies.
D. Because they don't like playing sports at all.
（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. About 80% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit.
B. You need to drink three to four glasses of water every day to keep healthy.
C. Students should exercise at least twice a week to keep healthy and happy.
D. Doing exercise can help kids sleep better and do better in their lessons.
（5）What's the main idea of this passage?
A. How to eat healthily.
B. How to exercise.
C. How to look thinner.
D. How to keep healthy.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
（5）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了怎样保持健康。

（1）推断题。

根据you can't get enough calories（卡路里）.你不能得到足够的卡路里，所
以是不吃饭，所以skip意思是略过，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据Scientists say that kids should spend at least 30 minutes exercising a day, five times a week.可知科学家说孩子们应该一天至少锻炼30分钟，一周5次，所以一周150分钟，故选D。

（3）细节题。

根据However, kids often give up sports, saying they have no time left after finishing their homework.可知孩子们经常放弃运动，说做完作业后没有剩下的时间来运动，
故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据In fact, doing exercise can help them sleep better and do better in their
lessons.可知运动可以帮助孩子们更好地睡觉和更好学习，故选D。

（5）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了怎样保持健康。

故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解
If you give someone something for free, they maybe don't value it. If you are their friend and you've done something great in the world, they may think you can't be that great. If you were "that" great, then, you certainly wouldn't be their friend. So what is free and so valuable（有价值的） to us?
Well, air is free and is not only valuable, but, if you don't have it, you will die. Another free thing is friendship. Think about your friends. If you have friends like I do, you cherish, like, respect and are thankful to them. They are always there for you, especially true and loyal（忠诚的）friends.
What else is free? Well, family. I love my family. We have great relationships. We don't argue or fight. We get along very well. I treasure every conversation I have with them. I follow their advice when I ask for it. I admire their silence when I don't ask. I enjoy their support and love for me.
Education is free. You can study in the library and pursue（从事）your own personal education for free, You might have to pay to go to a high school or college, but you can always go to the library and learn for free.
There are so many things that are free. I give a lot of things away that can and will change your life. I give free English lessons. I give away free books that I've written. I give my time and efforts at an English corner where I help others learn English better.
Think about it. The best things in life are all free. Do you agree?
（1）The writer thinks the following things are free and valuable EXCEPT .
A. books
B. friendship
C. education
D. family
（2）From the third paragraph, we know the writer .
A. sometimes fights with his brother
B. has some problems with his family
C. often discusses with his family
D. gets on well with his family
（3）Why does the writer think education is free?
A. Because you needn't pay for a high school or college.
B. Because you can go to the library and learn for free.
C. Because he gives away free books that he has written.
D. Because he gives free English lessons to everyone.
（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. How to make good friends.
B. What is free and valuable to us.
C. Getting on well with your family.
D. How to speak English well.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了对于我们来说什么是免费的和有价值的。

（1）细节题。

根据Well, air is free and is not only valuable.Another free thing is friendship.What else is free? Well, family. Education is free.可知空气、友谊、家庭和教育是免费的，没有书，故选A。

（2）细节题。

根据We don't argue or fight. We get along very well.可知作者和家人相处得好，故选D。

（3）细节题。

根据You might have to pay to go to a high school or college, but you can always go to the library and learn for free.你可能要付学费去高中或大学，但你可以随时去图书馆免费学习，故选B。

（4）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了对于我们来说什么是免费的和有价值的，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6．阅读理解
Mrs. Jackson is a reporter at www. australian- . Her hobby is taking photos. Now she writes a new book with a lot of pictures of her dog. The book tells about her puppy.
When Harley was born, he only had two healthy legs.
What happened to the other two legs? Mrs. Jackson was very sad at this.
In fact, Harley also had two back legs, but they were deformed badly. When he was 8 weeks old, the owner took him to a nearby hospital. The doctors said they had no way to save（救）them. At last, they had to cut his back legs when he was just 12 weeks old. Later the poor dog had to practice running. Now he can run as fast as a usual dog.
Luckily, Harley is a happy dog. He never thinks he is different from other dogs. He is now 16 weeks old. He tries to run every day. The other day, a warm-hearted man gave him a wheel-chair. Now he can go out easily with the help of his wheel-chair. You see, Harley is a dog that never gives up.
（1）According to Paragraph 1, we know Mrs. Jackson likes .
A. taking photos
B. playing computer games
C. reading books
D. walking dogs alone
（2）The underlined word "deformed" here in Chinese means .
A. 消失的
B. 灵活的
C. 畸形的
D. 粗壮的（3）From the passage, we know .
A. Mrs. Jackson was sad because she lost her dog
B. When Harley was 12 weeks old, he lost his front legs
C. Harley is a happy dog and can run as fast as a usual dog
D. A warm-hearted woman gave Harley a wheel-chair
（4）What's the best title for the passage?
A. A Famous Reporter.
B. A Special Wheel-chair.
C. A Warm-hearted Man.
D. A Dog That Never Gives Up.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了一只永不放弃的狗——Harley。

（1）细节题。

根据Her hobby is taking photos.可知她的爱好是照相，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据划线词后面的badly，严重的，和下文中the owner took him to a nearby hospital，they had to cut his back legs等词，可知Harley的腿状况很不好，只有畸形的，可以描述腿状况不好，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据Now he can run as fast as a usual dog.Luckily, Harley is a happy dog.可知Harley是只快乐的狗，并且和普通狗跑得一样快，故选C。

（4）主旨题。

根据Harley is a dog that never gives up可知主要讲了一只永不放弃的狗，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7．阅读理解
Divas Hit the Road（《花儿与少年》 is a travel reality TV show from Hunan TV. Many stars travel together around the world in the show. In the third season, they went to Cities in the Southern Hemisphere （南半球）. What's the weather like there? Let's have a look.
Passage 1 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
You can experience quite different weather in Rio de Janeiro. It
has a dry season and a rainy season each year. The rainy season
is from December to March. It rains heavily. In the dry season, it
is very hot. Sometimes the temperature can be as high as 40℃.
Passage2 Cape Town, South Africa
Cape Town has mild（温和的） winters and warm summers. It's
not too hot in summer. The temperature is between around
15℃to27℃.It's not that cold in winter either. The temperature
is between 7℃and 20℃There are cool sea breezes（微风）in
winter.
Passage 3 Windhoek, Namibia
Namibia is one of the sunniest countries in the world. It has an
average of 300 sunny days in a year. So it is hot and dry in
Windhoek. It rarely rains. In one day, the temperature changes
quickly- it is cold in the morning and evening but hot at noon.
Passage4 Sydney, Australia
How is the weather in Sydney? It rains a lot, There are 138 rainy
days on average every year. There are often windstorms too. So if
you travel to Sydney, you'd better take a windbreaker（防风
衣）. In summer, it is not only hot but also wet.
A. About 90 days.
B. About 120 days.
C. About 150 days.
D. About 180 days.（2）What's the weather like in summer in Cape Town?
A. It's hot.
B. It's warm.
C. It's mild.
D. It's rainy.
（3）Namibia has an average of_________ sunny days in a year.
A. 138
B. 200
C. 238
D. 300
（4）Which is NOT RIGHT according to the passage?
A. Divas Hi the Road is a travel film produced by Hunan TV.
B. When Beijing is in winter, Sydney is in summer.
C. Namibia is a sunny but dry country.
D. You can enjoy Cape Town's mild winters and warm summers.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了《花儿与少年》节目中的明星去南半球城市时的天气状况。

（1）细节题。

根据The rainy season is from December to March.可知雨天从12月持续到3月，大约4个月，120天左右，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据Cape Town has mild（温和的） winters and warm summers.可知夏天天气是温暖的，故选B。

（3）细节题。

根据It has an average of 300 sunny days in a year.可知Namibia每年有300个晴朗的日子，故选D。

（4）细节题。

根据Divas Hit the Road（《花儿与少年》is a travel reality TV show from Hunan TV.可知《花儿与少年》是电视节目，不是电影，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

8．阅读理解
Mr. Jenkins liked all kinds of delicious food. As an important officer, he was often asked to dinner. The shopkeepers tried their best to fawn on（巴结）him. They knew it was good for
their business. Now the officer got fatter and fatter. He could hardly go upstairs（楼上）at home and had to sleep downstairs. He often felt tired if he walked or did some housework. He was worried about it and had to go to a doctor. "Stop eating much fat（脂肪） and sugar, Mr. Jenkins," said the doctor, "or it will be worse for your health!" It was difficult for the officer to do it. He didn't do as the doctor said. He found something was wrong with his heart a few months later. Now he thought the doctor was right. And he had to be in hospital. "You must lose weight （减肥）, sir," said the doctor, " unless you want to die soon!" "Could you tell me a way to lose weight, please?" "You must do some exercise first." "Which exercise?" "To move your head from side to side when you are invited to dinner!"
（1）Mr. Jenkins was _________________.
A. a businessman
B. a cook
C. an officer
D. a doctor
（2）What happened to Mr. Jenkins after being invited'?
A. He got fatter and fatter.
B. He hardly went upstairs.
C. He felt tired.
D. All above（以上） are right.
（3）When Mr. Jenkins went to the doctor for the first time, the doctor asked him to_______.
A. do more housework
B. do some exercise
C. stop eating much fat and sugar
D. take some medicine
（4）Which of the following is true?
A. The doctor told Mr. Jenkins not to do exercise.
B. The doctor told Mr. Jenkins not to go to dinner.
C. The doctor told Mr. Jenkins to move his head.
D. The doctor thought Mr. Jenkins would die.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要介绍了一个重要的官员Mr. Jenkins因为经常被人邀请吃
饭变的肥胖，后来去医院找医生减肥。

医生建议有人邀请他吃饭的时候左右移动一下自己
的脑袋的故事。

（1）细节理解题。

根据 As an important officer, he was often asked to dinner. 可知，他是一
个官员。

故选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据 Now the officer got fatter and fatter. He could hardly go upstairs（楼上） at home and had to sleep downstairs. He often felt tired .可知，Mr. Jenkins变肥了、睡在
楼下还时常觉得很累。

故选D。

（3）细节理解题。

根据"Stop eating much fat（脂肪）and sugar, Mr. Jenkins," said the doctor .可知，一生一开始建议他停止吃脂肪和糖。

故选C。

（4）细节理解题。

根据最后一句 "To move your head from side to side when you are invited to dinner!" 可知，医生建议他拒绝别人邀请的饭局。

故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

9．阅读理解
Yasutaro Koide, the world's oldest man, died at the age of 113, in Nagoya, Japan on January 19, 2016. But along with his many years, Koide also left us with a piece of advice for a long and fruitful life.
Koide was born on March 13, 1903. He learned sewing and worked as a tailor（裁缝） for a men's clothes shop in most of his life. He moved to live with his daughter when he was 107 years old. When he turned 110, Koide could still read newspapers without glasses and could eat well without dentures（假牙）. In August, 2015, Guinness World Records confirmed（认证）that he was the world's oldest man.
Koide always loved sitting in front of his sewing machine, enjoying making all kinds of clothes by hand. Being a tailor was his only and last job before his death.
When he was given the world record in 2015, he told reporters about his secret of living a long life, "No smoking or overdrinking! Be happy about everything. Never overdo things. Work and live with happiness.
（1）Yasutaro Koide was years old when he got Guinness World Record.
A. 107
B. 110
C. 112
D. 113
（2）What does the underlined word "sewing" mean in English?
A. Buying clothes.
B. Making clothes.
C. Selling clothes.
D. Wearing clothes.（3）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Koide used to have lots of jobs.
B. Koide lived in Fukui all his life.
C. Many Japanese like to be tailors.
D. Koide liked his work all his life.
（4）According to Koide, the secret of living a long life is .
A. drinking a lot
B. eating well
C. working hard
D. living happily
（5）What's the best title for the passage?
A. The oldest man in the world
B. The oldest woman in the world
C. Some ways to live a long life
D. The importance of living happily
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）D
（5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了世界上最长寿的人——Yasutaro Koide。

（1）推断题。

根据Yasutaro Koide, the world's oldest man, died at the age of 113, in Nagoya, Japan on January 19, 2016. When he was given the world record in 2015, he told reporters about his secret of living a long life可知2016年113岁去世，在2015年获得世界吉尼斯纪录，所以是112岁，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据worked as a tailor（裁缝） for a men's clothes shop in most of his life.他一生中大部分时间在一家男装店当裁缝，可知他学习裁缝，即做衣服makingcclothes，故选B。

（3）细节题。

根据Being a tailor was his only and last job before his death.做裁缝是他生前唯一也是最后一份工作，即Koide一生喜欢他的工作，故选D。

（4）细节题。

根据Be happy about everything.可知长寿的秘诀是快乐地活着，故选D。

（5）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了主要讲了世界上最长寿的人——Yasutaro Koide。

故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解
Did you know that each day one person in the USA throws away 4.4 pounds of rubbish? Almost every month, we throw away our own rubbish in packaging alone. Packaging （including boxes, bags, etc.）comes to our homes with the things we have bought. Several weeks ago, the TV news said that in a city in Italy tons of rubbish were piled up in the streets, and the smell was rather terrible. What can we do to help? We should get to know the following Rs.
Reduce To reduce means to make less rubbish. That is one of the first things we all should do for the environment. Reduce your rubbish by doing things like packing your lunch in reusable containers（可再利用的容器）, taking smaller portions（份）at dinner so you don't waste food when you have had enough, writing on both sides of paper, and using less water when taking a shower.
Reuse to reuse is to use things again. Think about the bags you get from the shop. They can be reused to carry your lunch, to hold your rubbish, or to collect used cans. You can even take them back to the school next time to carry your things instead of getting a new bag!
Recycle（回收利用） Recycling is an important part of keeping our planet clean and green. It can also save energy. Be sure that you don't throw things in the rubbish bins that can be recycled to make something else Paper, plastic, cans and bottles can all be recycled. But food, electrical waste and mobile phones cant. When you are not sure whether something can be recycled, go to
your parents and teachers for advice.
Follow the three Rs, and every one of us can do something to save the Earth. It is also the best way to save ourselves.
（1）The first paragraph of the passage implies（暗示） that ______.
A. packaging should be given up
B. Italy is too dirty for us to visit
C. the USA produces the most rubbish
D. the Earth is becoming dirtier
（2）If you want to reduce, you should ______.
A. make good use of your paper
B. take a bath instead of a shower
C. eat a small dinner every day
D. pack your lunch with newspapers
（3）The writer seems to ask people to reuse the bags ______.
A. only as rubbish bags
B. only for carrying other things
C. mainly to have a cleaner world
D. mainly to save some money
（4）Which of the following can be recycled?
A. Food and bottles.
B. Books and newspapers.
C. Paper and mobile phones.
D. Plastic and electrical waste.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了处理垃圾的三者方式：减少垃圾、重复利用垃圾和回收利用垃圾。

（1）细节题。

根据第一段Did you know that each day one person in the USA throws away 4.4 pounds of rubbish? Almost every month, we throw away our own rubbish in packaging alone. Several weeks ago, the TV news said that in a city in Italy tons of rubbish were piled up in the streets, and the smell was rather terrible.可知人们乱扔垃圾让地球变得更脏了，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据Reduce your rubbish by...writing on both sides of paper.可知在纸的两面都写字来充分利用纸张降低污染，故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据全文可知减少垃圾、重复利用垃圾和回收利用垃圾都是为了让世界变得更干净，故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据Paper, plastic, cans and bottles can all be recycled.可知纸、塑料、罐子、瓶子都可以被回收利用，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

11．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

B
Is there anyone you hate? Well, maybe you don't really hate him. But you get really angry every time you think of him. If you don't let this anger go, it can turn into bitterness （痛苦）.
Bitterness appears when we can't forgive someone who has hurt us or made us angry. Someone might say or do something that hurts us. But instead of controlling the anger, we keep
it deep inside. Before long, a bitter feeling begins to grow. We may think we're hurting that person by criticizing （指责） him or her often, but we're really only hurting ourselves.
Bitterness can not only lead to serious health problems such as heart disease, but also hurt our relationships with friends and family members. No one enjoys being around an angry person for very long.
If you see bitterness in your life, here are some ways to deal with it.
※Accept it
Instead of trying to deny your anger, make it clear to yourself and accept it. See your anger for what it is and quickly deal with it.
※Stop making excuses for it
You may feel you have a right to be angry. You may think you're right and the other person is wrong. You may even secretly enjoy making the other person look bad. But in the end, bitterness hurts you much more than the other person. The bitterness will hold you back, and the other person will go on with his or her life.
※Forgive and forget it
You probably can't completely put the anger out of your mind. But you can decide to forgive the other person. Forget it and move on. You'll enjoy better health and peace of mind.
（1）According to the passage, we might get angry when someone ________.
A. holds us back
B. forgets us
C. doesn't like us
D. hurts us
（2）Bitterness comes from _________.
A. our health problems like heart disease
B. the anger that lives deep inside our minds
C. the person who says something that hurts us
D. our relationships with friends and family members
（3）The underlined word "deny" means "__________" in Chinese.
A. 误解
B. 否认
C. 疏远
D. 减轻（4）What can we learn from the passage?
A. We should enjoy someone who hurts us.
B. We should pay more attention to our friends.
C. The peace of mind is more important than the hurt itself.
D. It's better to let bitterness go along with the other person.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍如何应对因憎恨别人而引起的痛苦——接受；解释；原谅并忘。