高中英语Unit2CloningSectionⅡLearningaboutLanguage(

Unit 2 Cloning
Ⅰ。

单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．Scientists are hoping for a breakthrough(突破) in the treatment of cancer.
2．It is said that your team will be asked to undertake（承担） the research.
3．Seeing other kids casting（投；掷) small stones into the stream，the little boy also tried to do the same。

4．People's tastes in music differ（不同） from person to person—some are fond of classical music while others enjoy pop music。

5．I could not find the exact（准确的） words to express my feelings at that time.
6．Don’t bother your father about it now；he's very tired.
7．It is rather difficult for them to obtain another chance to give a performance in the city hall。

8．It is unfair that the upper class should continue to accumulate wealth。

9．The students voiced a strong objection to the new plan。

10．Look at the sign。

Smoking is forbidden in this shopping mall。

Ⅱ。

拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．differ vi。

不同;相异→different adj。

不同的；与众不同的→differ ence n．差异；区别→differently adv。

不同地
2．exact adj.精确的；准确的→exactly adv.确切地
3．correct vt.改正；纠正→correction n．改正；修正；纠正
4．object vi。

不赞成；反对→objection n．不赞成;反对；异议
5．accumulate vt。

& vi。

积累;聚积→accumulation n．积累
错误!
adj.＋.ly→adv。

v.＋.（t）ive→adj.
roughly粗糙地quietly轻声地silently沉默地select→selective挑选的sense
→sensitive敏感的
compete→competitive竞争的
根据提示补全下列短语
1．pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清
2．on the one hand 一方面
3．cast down 使失望；使沮丧
4．have an impact on．．．对……有影响
5．at present 目前;现在
6．in favour of 赞成；支持
7．differ from．．．与……不同
8．object to 反对；不赞成；抗议
Ⅳ。

选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．She made it clear that she objected to the proposal,for it was useless。

2．The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off．
3．He was cast down because he was scolded。

4．There were 16 votes in favour of my suggestion,and 15 against it。

5．The amount of taxation will have an impact on the economy of a country。

背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实
1.Cloning plants is straightforward
while cloning animals is very
complicated。

克隆植物简单，而克隆动物非常复杂。

并列连词while意为
“却；而；然而”,表示
对比.
Most of my
classmates wanted
to go to a park
while I had an
idea of going to a
nicer place.
我的大部分同学都想
去公园，而我想去一
个更好的地方。

2。

Then came the disturbing news then位于句首引起完全Then came the
that
Dolly
had become seriously
ill。

接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。

倒装;that引导同位语
从句。

exciting news that
our team won the
game.
然后传来了令人兴奋
的消息，我们队赢得
了比赛。

3。

Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning
research are difficult to obtain,newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions。

尽管目前供克隆研究的人类卵细胞和胚胎很难获得,报纸上报道说,有些邪恶的头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心。

在“主语＋be＋某些形
容词＋不定式”结构中
常用不定式的主动形式
表示被动意义.
A man who is so
difficult to
please must be
hard to work with.
一个很难取悦的人一
定很难与之共事。

4。

However,scientists still wonder
whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.
然而，科学家们仍对克隆技术有助于人类还是有害于人类，以及克隆技术将把我们引向何方感到困惑。

wonder
whether/if。

.。

“想知
道……”。

I am wondering if
you could tell me
more about this
activity.
我想知道你是否能告
诉我有关这项活动更
多的信息.
differ vi。

不同；相异
（教材P10）Think about how they differ。

考虑它们有何不同。

(1）differ from．．．与……不同/有区别
differ in．．．在……方面不同
differ with sb。

on/about/over sth. 与某人在某事上持不同(看法）（2)different adj。

不同的
be different from．．．与……不同
（3)difference n。

不同;差别
make a difference （to.。

.) (对……）有作用或影响
make no difference （to.。

.）(对……）没有影响
①Worried about my health，I tried many different kinds of diets but nothing worked.因为担心健康,我尝试了不同的节食方法，但都没有起作用.
②Apparently，the twins differ from each other in character。

很显然,这对双胞胎在性格方面不一样。

③In our daily life，everyone fails every now and then.But it is how you react that makes a big difference.在日常生活中，每个人都会时不时地失败,但你如何做出反应却有很大影响。

④There’re many differences（differ）between British English and American English。

英式英语与美式英语有很多不同。

［语境助记]
From the appearance，we can not tell the difference between the twins,though they always have some different ideas。

And as for this phenomenon,ideas differ among many people。

从外表我们很难说出双胞胎的不同，虽然他们经常有不同的想法。

对于这个现象,人与人的看法都不一样。

undertake vt.着手；从事;承担；保证
（教材P11）It is a difficult task to undertake。

这是一项很难完成的任务。

undertake a task/responsibility 承担任务/责任
undertake to do sth。

同意、答应或着手做某事
undertake for．．．为……负责
undertake that．．．保证……
我保证你会喜欢这次旅行的。

②He undertook to finish（finish)the job by Friday。

他答应星期五之前完成这项工作。

③I’ll undertake for your security.我将保证你的安全.
pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清
(教材P11）But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough—the cloning of Dolly the sheep。

但是决心和耐心使科学家们最终于1996年收获了突破性的结果--克隆羊“多莉"。

pay for sth. 付某物的钱;为某事物付出代价
pay sb.for sth。

因某事物给某人报酬
pay back 偿还(欠款);报复
你什么时候付给我工钱？
②That I can pay back the help people give me makes me very happy.
能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。

③If you don't work now，you'll pay for it later when you fail your exams.你现在不好好学,到考试不及格时就会为此付出代价.
［名师点津］
pay off 表示“得到好结果”时,是不及物动词短语，无被动语态,且一般用表示事物的名词作主语;表示“偿清，付清工资后解雇”时，是及物动词短语，可用于被动语态.
objection n．［C］不赞成；反对；异议
（教材P12)On the other hand,Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination。

另一方面，多莉的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和公众想象力也产生了极大的影响。

（1)raise an objection to．．．对……提出异议
have/make an/no objection to (doing） sth。

对……表示反对/不反对
（2）object vi。

反对；不赞成
object to sb./sth。

不赞成某人/某事
object to （sb。

） doing sth。

反对（某人）做某事
我反对停车收费。

②Even though their suggestion sounds perfect，he still objects to it.即使他们的建议听起来很完美，他仍然不赞成这个建议.
③He raised an objection（object）to getting up so early every morning。

他反对每天早上起得那么早。

④The students objected to having(have）classes on Sundays，but their parents did not。

学生们反对星期天上课,但是他们的父母不反对.
［语境助记]
Tom decided to move to the countryside and his father made no objection to it，while his mother objected to it。

汤姆决定搬到乡下去住，爸爸没异议，但妈妈反对。

forbid vt。

禁止；不准
(教材P12)Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning..。

有些政府开始改革他们的法律制度,禁止进行克隆人类的研究……
（1）forbid sb。

sth. 禁止某人某事
forbid doing sth。

禁止做某事
错误!禁止某人做某事
(2)forbidden adj。

被禁止的；严禁的
同意禁止自己的孩子抽烟.
②The law forbids building(build)on this land.
法律规定禁止在此处修建房屋.
③In some Chinese restaurants，customers are forbidden（forbid）to bring their own alcohol and drinks.
在中国一些餐馆，客人不可以自带酒水。

［名师点津］
forbid后面不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，而是跟动名词作宾语,但可以用forbid sb。

to do sth。

,类似的动词还有advise,allow，permit等。

in favour of赞成；支持
(教材P12)Is it in favour of cloning or against it?
它是赞成克隆行为还是反对克隆行为？
（1)in sb。

’s favour 对某人有利
in favour of sb. 支持/赞同某人
do sb。

a favour＝do a favour for sb。

给某人帮忙
owe sb.a favour 欠某人情
ask sb.for a favour＝ask a favour of sb。

向某人求助
（2）favourable adj. 有利的;赞成的
目前的形势对他有利.
②Would you please do me a favour to close the window？请帮我关上窗户好吗?
③The conditions are favourable（favour） for opening online businesses.
各种条件有利于在网上创业。

(教材P11)Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated。

克隆植物简单,而克隆动物非常复杂.
【要点提炼】本句中while作并列连词，连接表示转折对比的并列分句，意为“然而,而”.
(1)while作连词时的用法：
（2)while n。

一会儿，一段时间
for a while 一会儿
all the while（＝all the time）一直,始终
他是工人而我是医生。

②While I understand what you say,I can’t agree with you。

虽然你说的我懂，可是我还是不能同意。

③Please be quiet while I'm talking to you。

我跟你说话的时候，请保持安静。

④He sat for a while，thinking about what Janice had said to him。

他坐了一会儿，考虑着贾妮丝跟他说过的话.
（教材P11－12）Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.
接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。

【要点提炼】本句中then位于句首，使用了完全倒装结构.
（1）表示地点、时间、方向的副词there，here，now，then，in,out,away，down,up,off，next等词位于句首，谓语动词多是表示运动的不及物动词come，go,leave,move，run，fly，rush，jump等,而且主语是名词时，主谓要完全倒装.
(2)作地点状语的介词短语置于句首时，用完全倒装（谓语动词常为不及物动词）。

(3)作表语的形容词、过去分词、不定式或介词短语置于句首时，用完全倒装.
①Out rushed Li Ping as soon as the bell rang.
铃声一响，李平就冲了出去。

②Now comes(come) the opportunity to prove your innocence。

现在证明你清白的机会来了.
③In the middle of the mountain lies（lie） a temple dating from the Tang Dynasty。

半山腰有座建于唐朝时期的庙。

（教材P12）Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain，newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions.尽管目前供克隆研究的人类卵细胞和胚胎很难获得，报纸上报道说，有些邪恶的头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心.
【要点提炼】从句中使用了“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，在该结构中常常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。

（1)常用形容词有:difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等.
（2）不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。

few minutes。

这台机器很容易操作。

任何人学习几分钟就会使用.
②The armchair looks rather hard，but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in.
这把扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。

③I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good to breathe（breathe)．
在夏季我喜欢早点起床。

能呼吸到早上的新鲜空气真好。

1．Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning,but other countries like China and the UK，continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide.
【分析】本句是由but连接的两个并列分句;第二个分句中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词evidence.
【翻译】有些政府开始改革他们的法律制度，禁止进行克隆人类的研究，但是其他国家,如中国和英国，则仍然在继续收集克隆技术有可能提供大量医疗救助的证据.
2．However，scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.
【分析】本句是主从复合句。

在wonder后面是and连接的两个宾语从句,分别由whether和where引导。

【翻译】然而,科学家们仍对克隆技术有助于人类还是有害于人类,以及克隆技术将把我们引向何方感到困惑.
Ⅰ。

单句语法填空
1．In view of our long business relation，we do not object to another negotiation。

2．He forbad/forbade（forbid）them from mentioning the subject again.
3．Dr Johnson undertook（undertake）the task of writing a comprehensive English dictionary last year.
4．There are many differences (differ） between the two languages。

5．Should teachers be accountable for their students’ exam resu lts？Are you in favour of it？
6．Please don't talk so loudly while others are working。

7．Once we've got the debt paid off，I’ll buy a new car。

8．Then came（come） the hour we had been looking forward.
9．Those air conditioners are our best。

selling products because they are easy to handle （handle) and work with little noise。

10．My brother worked hard and obtained(obtain） a scholarship。

Ⅱ。

完成句子
1．He wants to study abroad while his parents prefer him to stay at home．他想出国留学,而他父母却宁愿他待在国内。

2．Then came the bad news that his son was nowhere to be found.
然后传来到处找不到他儿子的坏消息。

3．To my disappointment,the question is difficult/hard to answer．
令我沮丧的是,这个问题很难回答。

4．Everyone is forbidden to own a gun privately.
不许任何人私自拥有枪支.
高中英语Unit2CloningSectionⅡLearningaboutLanguage（教师用书）教案新人教版选修8 5．As far as I know,he has undertaken to finish the job by Friday.
据我所知,他已答应星期五之前完成这项工作。

- 11 - / 11。