2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读提速练：(13)

2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读提速练（13）
A
(2017·安庆二模)As a child，I was generally happy，singing and dancing to my favorite songs，smiling and laughing with my friends and family.But as far back as second grade，I noticed a“darkness”about me.I didn't enjoy participating in many things.
In middle school，things in my life began to get even worse.I began withdrawing from everything I once enjoyed.I was always tired.Everything was horrible.Finally，midway through eighth grade，I was told I had a chemical imbalance，diagnosed(诊断)with clinical depression，and had to take medicine.It took months for me to feel the effects of the medicine.
When I began to feel happy again is when I realized that I had to take the responsibility for getting better myself，rather than relying on medicine.Aristotle said，“To live happily is an inward power of the soul，”and I believe that this quote describes what I had to do to achieve happiness.Happiness is a journey.Everyone seems to need different things to be happy.
“The essentials(要素)to happiness are something to love，something to do，and something to hope for，”a quote from William Blake sums up what I believe people need to realize to be truly happy in life.People need love.I feel they need their family and their friends more than anything else in the world.People need work to do，something to make them feel they are making a difference in the world.People need to know that more good is to come in the future，so they continue to live for“now”instead of constantly worrying about the bad that could come.Love and hope are happiness.
【语篇解读】作者根据自己克服抑郁症的经历总结出了幸福生活的要素。

1．What do we know about the author in Paragraph 2?
A．He hated going to sleep because he couldn't sleep well.
B．He spent months recovering from the clinical depression.
C．He was diagnosed with clinical depression in Grade Seven.
D．He suffered a great deal from clinical depression.
D[考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的I began withdrawing from everything I once enjoyed.I was always tired.Everything was horrible.Finally，midway through eighth grade，I was told I had a chemical imbalance，diagnosed with clinical depression，and had to take medicine.可知，在中学时，作者受到临床抑郁症的折磨。

故选D项。

]
2．Who helped the author to be happy again?
A．The author's friends.
B．Aristotle.
C．The author himself.
D．William.
C[考查细节理解。

根据文章第三段第一句When I began to feel happy again is when I realized that I had to take the responsibility for getting better myself，rather than relying on medicine.可知，作者并不是依赖药物而是靠自己克服病症，重新快乐起来。

故选C项。

] 3．Which of the following about being truly happy is unnecessary in the author's opinion?
A．Love. B．Ambition.
C．Hope. D．Work.
B[考查细节理解。

根据文章最后一段第一句可知，作者认为幸福的要素包括爱、希望和工作。

故选B项。

]
4．What may be the best title for the text?
A．The Essentials to Happiness
B．Ways to Overcome Shortcomings
C．Everyone Needs to Be Happy
D．Happiness Is Love
A[考查主旨大意。

通读文章，作者根据自己克服抑郁症的经历，总结出幸福生活的要素，文章最后一段具体阐述了要素的内容，由此可知A项契合文章主旨。

]
B
(2014·山东卷)
One morning，Ann's neighbor Tracy founD a lost dog wandering arounD the local elementary school.She askeD Ann if she coulD keep an eye on the dog.Ann saiD that she coulD watch it only for the day.
Tracy took photos of the dog anD printeD off 400 FOUND fliers (传单)，anD put them in mailboxes.Meanwhile，Ann went to the dollar store anD bought some pet supplies，warning her two sons not to fall in love with the dog.At the time，Ann's son Thomas was 10 years old，anD Jack，who was recovering from a heart operation，was 21 years old.
Four days later Ann was still looking after the dog，whom they haD starteD to call Riley.When she arriveD home from work，the dog threw itself against the screen door anD barkeD madly at her.As soon as she openeD the door，Riley dasheD into the boys' room where Ann founD Jack suffering a heart attack.Riley ran over to Jack，but as soon as Ann bent over to help him the dog went silent.
“If it hadn't come to get me，the doctor saiD Jack woulD have died，”Ann reporteD to a local
newspaper.At this point，no one haD calleD to claim the dog，so Ann decideD to keep it.
The next morning Tracy got a call.A man nameD Peter recognizeD his lost dog anD calleD the number on the flier.Tracy starteD crying，anD tolD him，“That dog saveD my frienD s son.”
Peter drove to Ann's house to pick up his dog，anD saw Thomas anD Jack crying in the window.After a few moments Peter said，“Maybe Odie was supposeD to finD you，maybe you shoulD keep it.”
1．What diD Tracy do after finding the dog?
A．She lookeD for its owner.
B．She gave it to Ann as a gift.
C．She solD it to the dollar store.
D．She bought some fooD for it.
2．How diD the dog help save Jack?
A．By breaking the door for Ann.
B．By leading Ann to Jack's room.
C．By dragging Jack out of the room.
D．By attending Jack when Ann was out.
3．What was Ann's attitude to the dog according to Paragraph 4?
A．Sympathetic. B．Doubtful.
C．Tolerant. D．Grateful.
4．For what purpose diD Peter call Tracy?
A．To help her frienD s son.
B．To interview Tracy.
C．To take back his dog.
D．To return the flier to her.
5．What can we infer about the dog from the last paragraph?
A．It woulD be given to Odie.
B．It woulD be kept by Ann's family.
C．It woulD be returneD to Peter.
D．It woulD be taken away by Tracy.
【语篇解读】本文为记叙文，题材为人物故事类。

Ann的邻居Tracy在当地的小学附
近发现了一条狗，没想到这条狗给Ann一家人带来了这么多的东西。

那它到底做了些什么呢？
1．【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。

根据第二段开头的Tracy给这条狗拍了照片还印刷了400份招领传单，可知Tracy是在寻找这条狗的主人，所以答案为A项。

B、C两项与原文事实不符，D项是Ann在Tracy寻找主人的同时做的事情，与问题不符。

2．【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。

根据第三段中的相关内容可知答案选B。

3．【答案】D
【解析】观点态度题。

第四段中Ann说的话“要不是它过来叫我的话，医生说Jack就死了”。

由此我们推断出Ann对这条狗充满了感激之情，故答案为D项。

sympathetic同情的，怜悯的；doubtful怀疑的；tolerant容忍的，宽恕的；grateful感激的，感谢的。

4．【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。

根据第五段中的描述；第二天早上Tracy接到了一个叫Peter的人打来的电话，他认出了传单上的狗是自己的。

最后一段的第一句话Peter drove to Ann's house to pick up his dog...可知Peter打电话是为了取回自己的小狗，所以答案为C项。

5．【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。

根据文章最后一句话中的maybe you shoulD keep it可以推断出狗的主人Peter没有带走自己的狗而是将狗留给了Ann一家，所以答案为B项。

Odie是Peter 对自己狗的称呼，排除A项；C项与原文意思相反；没有信息提到Tracy会带走它，排除D 项。

C
You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season.Sure, you're not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all.Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?
If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no.She's a psychology professor at Stanford University, California.She says a player doesn't have to be the best to get a trophy.But those who receive an award should have to work for it.She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.
“The trophy has to stand for something，” Dweck told TFK.“If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.” Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, and teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best.
Others say that there's no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.
“I think we should encourage kids' participation in sports，” says Kenneth Barish, a psy chology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City.“A trophy is one way to encourage kids' efforts.”
Barish argues that when we only single out the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson.We are sending the message that winning is everything.“Winning is only part of the equation (等式)，” Barish told TFK.“Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.”
There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish.They'll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl.For now, he thinks there's nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners.That means trophies for everyone.
1．According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy?
A．Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team.
B．David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny.
C．Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.
D．Jim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game.
2．Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with?
A．There is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone.
B．Kids fond of playing sports should be rewarded.
C．Kids should be given trophies for trying their best.
D．It is necessary to encourage kids' participation in sports.
3．The underlined phrase “single out” in Paragraph 6 probably means “________”．
A．honor B．choose
C．value D．stress
4．Which shows the correct structure of the text?
A. B.
C. D.
如果孩子参加体育比赛，那么是不是每个人都该得到奖杯呢？文章就这个问题给出了两种不同的看法。

1．C推理判断题。

根据第二段可知，斯坦福大学的心理学教授Carol Dweck认为，获奖的运动员未必是最好的运动员。

她认为，进步最大的、对团队精神贡献最多的和表现最佳的运动员都应获奖。

故选C。

2．D细节理解题。

根据第五段可知，纽约市威尔康乃尔医学院的心理学教授Kenneth Barish认为，我们应该鼓励孩子参加体育活动。

颁发奖杯就是一种激励方式。

3．B词义猜测题。

根据第六段可知，Barish认为，当我们挑选出最佳球员或进步最大的球员并授予他们奖杯的时候，我们给孩子们传递了一个错误的信号：获胜就是一切。

因此画线的短语“single out”意为“挑出”。

4．B篇章结构题。

本文的第一段为导语，导入讨论的话题。

第二、三段陈述了斯坦福大学的心理学教授Carol Dweck的主要观点：反对参与者人人获奖。

下文(第四段至第七段)陈述的是纽约市威尔康乃尔医学院的心理学教授Kenneth Barish的观点，即赞成参与者人人获奖。

因此B项清晰地展示了本文的结构。

D
(2017·湖北省七市(州)教科研协作体高三联合考试)Are you a social media addict？Are you always checking your smartphone to see how many“likes”you've received for your latest post？Maybe you feel comforted by the sound that someone has sent you a message?
Don't worry，you're not alone.We check our phones an average of 150 times a day，and around 30%of the total time spent online is devoted to social media.Some experts now fear this habit could be damaging our mental health.
This is something particularly bothering young adults，according to a study from the University of Pittsburgh.It found the more they used social media，the more likely they were to be depressed(沮丧的)．In tests，those people who checked social media frequently were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed compared to those who spent most of their time generally surfing the Internet，who had just 1.7 times the risk.
Some of us certainly feel sad when we're ignored on social media sites，or when we see someone else having a better time than us.But depression is a more serious condition and clinical psychologist，Abigael San，recently told the BBC that，“It's a real issue，and it's been getting significantly worse over the last 5—6 years.You can get so hooked that it takes you away from your real relationships.”However，Abigael does admit that social media is more likely to worsen pre-existing issues than directly cause them.
Other research by the University of Glasgow found that teenagers are affected by the 24-hour
demands of their social media accounts.It found that those with higher levels of emotional investment in social media，and who use it at night were more likely to feel depressed and anxious.
Despite these warning signs，why do some of us continue to keep clicking？Well，I suppose we all want to be liked and we don't want to miss out on a conversation that's taking place online.But we need to know when to switch off our virtual(虚拟的)online world and connect with the real world instead.
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了社交媒体上瘾的危害及应对策略。

【长难句分析】In tests，those people who checked social media frequently were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed compared to those who spent most of their time generally surfing the Internet，who had just 1.7 times the risk.
分析：本句是一个复合句。

三个who都引导了定语从句，都在从句中作主语，先行词都是人。

译文：在测试中，那些经常查看社交媒体的人抑郁的可能性是那些通常把大部分时间花在上网浏览的人的2.7倍，而这些把大部分时间花在上网浏览方面的人只有1.7倍抑郁的风险。

1．Who is more likely to be depressed according to the study?
A．People checking social media frequently.
B．People surfing the Internet regularly.
C．People receiving a few“likes”for their posts.
D．People longing for more messages.
A[考查细节理解。

根据文章第三段的最后一句“In tests，those people who checked social media frequently were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed compared to those who spent most of their time generally surfing the Internet，who had just 1.7 times the risk.”可知，那些经常查看社交媒体的人更有可能抑郁。

]
2．Why does the author give a quote from Abigael San in Para.4?
A．To introduce the coming topic.
B．To give a more supporting example.
C．To stress the importance of social media.
D．To explain the cause of a social media addict.
B[考查推理判断。

根据第三段和第四段的整体内容可推知，第四段中引用心理学家Abigael的话是为了佐证全文的观点，故选B。

]
3．What's the passage mainly about?
A．It's common for teenagers to be a social addict.
B．Using smartphones does harm to people's health.
C．It's better to stay away from virtual online world.
D．Social media addiction contributes to depression.
D[考查主旨大意。

文章的第三段点题，再结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲述的是社交媒体上瘾的危害——会引起抑郁。

]
[干扰项分析]A项错在teenagers，文章中提到对社交媒体上瘾的主体是young adults；
智能手机只是人们接触社交媒体的一种工具，本文讲的是社交媒体上瘾对人们的危害，故B项错误；远离虚拟世界只是作者提出的一种应对社交媒体上瘾的建议，不是文章的重点，故排除C项。

E
(2016届广州普通高中毕业班综合测试一)
Vacations are important.We need to take time out from work to relax, and just be ourselves.__1__ We should all be allowed to leave our jobs behind us—at least for a few weeks each year—and just have fun.This might be something as simple as reading a good book in front of a warm fireplace and travelling to the most interesting places on our planet.Whatever we fancy doing is worth taking time out for.
Workplace stress is on the rise.__2__ These include disease, depression and even death.We all seem to be running from one place to the next, never finding out where we want to go in the first place.I intend to break that trend in the coming days.
__3__ I will sleep late, write, watch movies, drink the occasional glass of wine, and eat to my heart's content ignoring calorie counting.My plan is to just enjoy the fleeting moments of being alive.
__4__ Spend your next vacation the way you want.Do what will restore your mental health.You're very valuable to the people who are close to you, and to those who depend on it.Like it or not, we are all interdependent in this great life of ours.
You are valuable.Just remember that the next time you look at the mirror and take a deep breath.Remind yourself that there will never be anyone like you ever on this earth again.__5__ All you have to do is just ask yourself what you want to do.
A．With it comes many health problems.
B．When you finally get home you'll be greatly refreshed.
C．I challenge each one of you to do the same.
D．Draw up a detailed plan so you can see more.
E．Life is not all about work, or at least it shouldn't be.
F．And only you know how to vacation your way.
G．For my next holiday, I will do all the things that I love doing.
假期很重要，我们要从工作中解脱出来，让自己放松。

1．E根据空格处的上句“我们需要时间从工作中解脱出来，让自己放松，仅仅做自己”与下文的“我们应该允许自己暂时把工作放在脑后”可知选E。

E项“生活不全都是工作，至少不应该是这样”起承上启下的作用。

2．A根据空格处的上句“工作压力日益增加”与下文的“这些问题包括疾病、抑郁甚至死亡”可知选A。

A项“随之而来的是很多健康问题”衔接上下文。

3．G根据空格后的“I will sleep late...ignoring calorie counting.”可知，应选G(在接下来的假期中，我要做所有我喜欢的事情)。

4．C根据空格后的“按自己想要的方式度过接下来的假期”可知选C(我强烈建议你也做同样的事情)。

5．F根据空格处的上句“提醒自己你是独一无二的”和下句“你只需问问自己想要做什么”可知，选F(只有自己知道自己想要什么样的度假方式)。