(全国卷)高三英语下学期冲刺模拟试题

（全国卷）2021届高三英语下学期冲刺模拟试题11
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A
One of the best ways to pay for college is to find work that helps foot part of the school fee. Here are 4 types of parttime jobs that provide students with extra ine.
Jobs with employer scholarships
Some panies offer help paying for college through scholarship programs. Taco Bell, for instance, offers its part time employees the chance to win up to a $ 25,000 award through its Live Mas Scholarship. The award can be used toward vocational schools or a twoorfouryear college. Employees must have worked for the pany at least three continuous months.
Workstudy
For years the workstudy program has allowed students to earn money through parttime work. Students aged between 16 and 24 who file Free Application for Student Aid maybe qualified for the program. While these jobs aren’t always on campus, students in work study earn at least $7.25 per hour — the state minimum wage.
Paid internships
A paid internship can not only help students pay for college but can also open doors for fulltime work after graduation. According to a 2019 survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, nearly twothirds of paid interns received a job offer, while just about 44% of unpaid interns were offered a job.
Ondemand economy jobs
Known for its flexibility, the jobs can help students earn cash between classes. These ondemand jobs include pleting small jobs, making deliveries or even driving for ridebooking services. Students can typically earn more through ondemand work, ranging from $10 to $20 an hour.
21.What are the applicants for the workstudy program required to do?
A. Submit an application form.
B. Work part time for years.
C. Accept the minimum wage.
D. Live and work at one campus.
22. What is the advantage of ondemand economy jobs?
A. Providing scholarships.
B. Having fixed workplace.
C. Including an extra award.
D. Offering more job options.
23.Which program is of great help for students to find a fulltime job?
A. Jobs with employer scholarships.
B. On demand economy jobs.
C. Paid internships.
D. Work study.
B
The 2020 Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to former U.S. Poet Laureate(桂冠诗人) Louise Gluck.
The prize mittee cited “her unmista kable poetic voice that with plain beauty makes individual existence universal”. Gluck is the first American woman to win the award since Toni Morrison in 1993. Gluck, 77, joins a list of literary giants and previous Nobelists who include, in this century, Canadian shortstory master Alice Munro, Chinese magicalrealist Mo Yan, etc.
Gluck’s work includes 12 collections of poetry and a couple of volumes of essays on literary writing. “All are characterized by striving for clarity(清晰). Childhood and family life, the close relationship with parents and siblings is a theme that has remained central to her,” Anders Olsson, the chairman of the Nobel mittee for Literature, said. “She seeks the universal, and in this she takes inspiration from myths and classical them es,” Olsson added, citing her 2006 collection Averno, which the mittee described as “masterly” for its “visionary interpretation of the myth of Persephone’s fall into hell in the captivity of Hades, the god of death”.
Being a professor at Yale and a resident of Cambridge, Gluck also served as U.S. Poet Laureate from 2003 to 2004 and is no stranger to awards. She won the Pulitzer Prize in 1993 for her collection of poems titled The Wild Iris, in which “she describes the miraculous return of life after winter in the poem Snowdrops,” the Nobel literature mittee said Thursday. She also won the 2014 National Book Award for poetry Faithful and Virtuous Night. In 2016, President Obama awarded the National Humanities Medal to Gluck in a White House ceremony.
The publicityshy Gluck did not immediately issue any ment about the latest honor for her body of work, which spans more than half a century. In a 2012 interview, she acknowledged that prizes can make “existence in the world easier” but did not amount to the immortality(不朽) of a true artist.
24.What can we know about Gluck from paragraph 1?
A.She is as popular as the Chinese novelist Mo Yan.
B.She won the Nobel Prize for her special literary style.
C.She is the first American to win a Nobel Prize in literature.
D.She is the only Poet Laureate in modern American history.
25.What do Gluck’s poems mainly focus on?
A. Daily life.
B. Nature.
C. Careers.
D. Classical myths.
26. What is the purpose of paragraph 3?
A. To show Gluck’s contributions to literature.
B. To prove Gluck’s great passion for writing.
C. To present Gluck’s outstanding achievements.
D. To stress Gluck’s influence on other poets.
27. What does Gluck think about the honor she has received?
A. She is content with it.
B. She takes it very seriously.
C. She deserves a higher honor.
D. She doesn’t attach great importance to it.
C
The argument that humancaused carbon emissions are merely a drop in the bucket pared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has been making its way around the rumor mill for years. And w hile it seems to be reasonable, the science just doesn’t back it up.
According to the US Geological Survey(USGS), the world’s volcanoes, both on land and undersea, generate about 200 million tons of carbon dioxide(CO2) annually, while our automotive and industrial activities cause some 24 billion tons of CO2emissions every year worldwide. Despite the arguments to the contrary, the facts speak for themselves: Greenhouse gas emissions from volcanoes pose less than one percent of those generated by today’s hu man activities.
Another indication that human emissions surpass those of volcanoes is the fact that atmospheric CO2 levels, as measured by sampling stations around the world, have gone up consistently year after year regardless of whether or not there have been major volcanic eruptions in specific years. “If it were true that individual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions and were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes —one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth and regular trend.”
Furthermore, some scientists believe that volcanic eruptions, like that of Mt.St. Helens in 1980 and Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, actually lead to shortterm global cooling, not warming, as sulfur dioxide(SO2), ash and other particles in the air and stratosphere(平流层) reflect some solar energy instead of letting it into Earth’s atmosphere. SO2, which converts(转变) to sulfuric acid aerosol, when it hits the stratosphere, can linger there for as long as seven years and can exercise a cooling effect long after a volcanic eruption has taken place.
Scientists tracking the effects of the major 1991 eruption of the Philippines’ Mt. Pinatubo found that the overall effect of the blast was to cool the surface of the Earth globally by some 0.5 degrees Celsius a year later, even though rising human greenhouse gas emissions and an El Nino event caused some surface warming during the 19911993 study period.
In an interesting twist on the issue, British researchers last year published an article in the peer reviewed scientific journal Nature showing how volcanic activity may be contributing to the melting of ice caps in Antarctica but not because of any emissions, natural or manmade. Instead, scientists Hugh Corr and David Vaughan of the British Antarctic Survey believe that volcanoes underneath Antarctica may be melting the continent’s ice sheets from below, just as warming air temperatures from humaninduced emissions erode them from above.
28.According to Paragraph 1, some people argue that ___________ .
A. their opinion is supported by science.
B. volcanoes generate most of the greenhouse gases.
C. human activities are to blame for greenhouse gases.
D. carbon emissions produced by volcanoes are increasing.
29.What does the underlined word “spikes” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Sudden increases.
B. Smooth trends.
C. Stable regularities.
D. Sharp declines.
30. What do the scientists mentioned in this passage believe about volcanic eruptions?
A. They brought about global warming.
B. They actually partly cooled the surface of the Earth.
C. They melted the ice sheets in Antarctic from above.
D. They dominated human emissions in greenhouse effect.
31. The purpose of the passage is to ______________.
A. pare the results of the studies.
B. contradict a view held by some people.
C. present new findings for greenhouse phenomenon.
D. report the effects of CO2, in greenhouse phenomenon.
D
The cancer death rate in the U.S. fell by the most on record as advances in treatments for lung tumors (肿瘤) like videoassisted surgery helped prolong the lives of patients.
The death rate from cancer has been gradually declining for 26 years, thanks in large part to fewer people smoking cigarettes. But from 2019 to 2020, the most recent period available, it dropped by 2.2%, the most ever in a single year, according to a report released Wednesday by the American Cancer Society. That pares with an average 1.5% yearly decline over the decade. The drop translates to roughly 2.9 million fewer cancer deaths than what would have occurred had death rates remained at their peak. For lung cancer specifically, the death rate declined 4.3% annually from 2013 to 2017.
“It is really lung cancer that is driving this,” said Rebecca Siegel, scientific director of surveillance research at the American Cancer Society, and lead author on the new study. “We found increases in survival for lung cancer at every stage in diagnosis.” She attributed the lower deaths to improvements in treatments, including videoassisted surgery that enables more patients with early lung tumors to bee qualified for operations; more precise radiation treatment; and better scanning technology that allows doctors to better assess the stage of tumor, so the patient gets the best treatment right away. At later stages of illness, new, targeted drugs that aim at specific diseasecausing genes are helping patients whose tumors have those genetic flaws(缺陷). Overall, lung cancer death rates have dropped by 51% for men since their peak in 1990, and by 26% for women since their peak in 2002.
There’s the potential for more progress in future reports. That’s because the latest deathrate statistics go only through 2020, and likely do n’t include the potential impact in lung cancer death from immunetherapy drugs. They became widely used in lung cancer only in the past few years.
The report, based on U.S. government data, isn’t all good news. Prostate(前列腺) cancer death rates have leveled off recently after a period of decline. That may be because many doctors pulled back on using the controversial prostatespecific antigen test, or PSA, which can spot the disease but can lead to overtreatment of men who may never have died from their tumors.
“Though it was definitely causing harm, it was also contributing to declines in death,” Siegel said. What’s needed now is better screening tests to detect only the prostate cancers that will go on to cause harm.
Population death rates are considered one of the most reliable ways of measuring progress in cancer treatment and prevention. By contrast, cancer survival rates can sometimes be influenced by improvements in diagnosing tiny, early stage tumors that wouldn’t necessarily be deadly.
32.According to paragraph 2, __________.
A.cancer death rate reached its peak in 2017
B.death rate decreases over the past 2 decades
C.2.9 million people die of cancer in America every year
D.most of the cancer patients in America suffer from lung cancer
33.We can learn from the passage that ___________.
A.female death rate of lung cancer drops more than that of male
B.targeted drugs have led to rapid increase in cancer death rates
C.better scanning technology will lead to improvement in treating genetic flaws
D. improper use of prostatespecific antigen test can lead to overtreatment of men
34. The underlined expression “level off” in paragraph 5 means ______.
A. remain unchanged
B. show up
C. take off
D. bee sharp
35. What might be the best title of the passage?
A. Medical Progress Pr olonging Patients’ Lives
B. Cancer Death Rates Dropping at the Fastest Pace
C. Significant Improvement in Treating Lung Cancer
D. Advanced Technologies Applied in Cancer Treatment
第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

petition is all around us and it makes the strong stronger and the weak weaker. It can also teach us how to survive in a fastpaced and stressful world. 36 How many of us have seen young boys weeping because their teams didn’t win an interschool tournament? How many
of us have seen young teenagers cheat just to win? 37
So it’s important to develop healthy petition among children.
When it es to encouraging healthy petition among children, the first thing to do is set goals for them to stick to. 38
Since children may be easily affected by wrong ideas from popular media and the Internet, it’s up to you to develop the right kind of spirit in them. Team spirit will help them grow into human beings who aren’t easily annoyed by small losses or too excited by victories.
39 So give them examples where family members refused to cheat to win.
40 When they took an exam, don’t ask about how much they expect to score; instead, ask what they wrote about. If your son played a cricket match at school, don’t ask him whether his team won or lost; ask him how many runs he scored and encourage him to score higher next time instead. When you let your children know that you’re more interested in how they performed rather than whether they lost or won, they will surely try to better themselves.
A. However, children can be hit by petition.
B. These are the effects of unhealthy petition.
C. Sending your children the right signals is also important.
D. We should also encourage healthy petition among children.
E. However, you mustn’t push them too hard and burden them with a goal too high.
F. Care more about children’s performance rather than the results in a sports match.
G. In addition, they may also not want to adopt just any method to win, like cheating or lying.
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Most of us dream, whether we remember them or not. What are dreams for? A handful of 41 dominate.
Sigmund Freud famously maintained that they reveal hidden truths and wishes. More recent research suggests that they may help us process intense emotions, or perhaps sort through and strengthen memories, or 42 random neuron(神经元) activity, or prepare responses to threatening situations. Others argue that dreams have no evolutionary function, but simply 43 personal concerns.
Despite being largely unsupported by 44 , Freud’s view maintains a strong following around the world.
Researchers found that students in the U.S., South Korea, and India were much more likely to say that dreams reveal hidden truths than to accept better 45 theories. In the same study, respondents said that dreaming about a plane crash would cause them more 46 than an official warning about a terrorist attack. Even if dreams can’t foretell the future, they seem to 47 our shared fascinations. The majority of dreams occur during REM sleep(深度睡眠) cycles, of which the average person has four or five a night.
A study of Canadian university students found the most mon dream topics include school, falling, being chased, and arriving too late for something. For all the monalities dreams 48 , they vary across time and culture — people who grew up watching blackandwhite TV are more likely to dream in black and white. A 1958 study 49 that pared with Japanese people, Americans dreamed more about being locked up, losing a loved one, finding money, being 50 dressed or encountering a mad person. Japanese people were more likely to dream 6 about school, trying repeatedly to do something, being para lyzed with fear, or “wild, violent beasts”. If human dreams sound 51 , bear in mind that even negative ones can have positive effects.
In a study of students taking a French medical school entrance exam, 60 percent of the dreams they had beforehand 52 a problem with the exam, such as being late or leaving an answer blank. But those who reported 53 about the exam, even bad ones, did better on it than those who didn’t. So the next time you dream about an education related experience in which you ar e unable to answer the questions or solve a problem, don’t 54 : It’s probably totally meaningless. Then again, your brain might be practicing so you’ll be 55 if such an event ever es to pass.
41. A. symptoms B. reviews C. conflicts D.
theories
42. A. take place of B. make peace with C. make sense of
D. e up with
43. A. exemplify B. dramatize C. horrify D. recognize
44. A. evidence B. information C. qualification D. inquiry
45. A. assumed B. connected C. confirmed D. realized
46. A. curiosity B. anxiety C. fancy D. reluctance
47. A. expect B. endure C. expose D. employ
48. A. exhibit B. explain C. supply D.
identify
49. A. diagnosed B. dismissed C. denied D. determined
50. A. unnecessarily B. independently C. inappropriately D. impersonally
51. A. puzzling B. exciting C. depressing D. amusing
52. A. revealed B. guaranteed C. traced D.
involved
53. A. grades B. concerns C. dreams D. memories
54. A. hesitate B. worry C. pause D. laugh
55. A. ready B. eager C. nervous D. curious
第二节（共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Do you feel safe walking alone at night in the area where you live? Residents in 144 countries answered this question and 56 (many) in the 2020 Global Law and Order report. On Oct 27, the USbased organization Gallup released the report.
The poll was involved nearly 175000 people 57 (interview) facetoface or by telephone.
Respondents 58 (ask) about their confidence in their local police, their feeling of personal safety, and the incidence(发生率) of 59 (thief) and assault or mugging in the past year. The organization collects the “positive” responses to the questions into
a Law and Order Index score for each country and region. China received 60 score of
94 and ranked third on the list, following Singapore and Turkmenistan, 61 both received 97. The report also showed that 90 percent of the respondents from China said they felt secure when walking alone at night.
Chinese observers said public order and a safe environment in China is very normal, and many people feel walking alone at night is no big deal. In recent decades more and more Chinese people have travelled abroad, 62 (notice) that public security in China is better than 63 in many other countries.
In fact, China 64 (take) great efforts to ensure people’s sense of happiness and security.
According to China Daily, it launched a threeyear campaign 65 organized crime in 2018. By August 2020, more than 10000 criminal gangs had been busted nationwide. Serious violent crimes have been on the decline for 10 years.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华。

上周五下午4点，你校学生会（Student Union）举办了一次环保活动。

请你给校园英文报写一篇报道。

内容包括：
1.活动内容：35名学生到南湖公园拾垃圾；
2.活动目的：提高公众的环保意识；
3.效果和感想（自拟）。

注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

第二节读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

续写的词数应为150左右。

Jatin and his younger sister, Neha, lived with their parents in a poor neighborhood. Their mother was very sick and their father was struggling to find a job, and they had only a little money with which to buy food. As they had not paid the rent for several months, the landlord was breathing down their necks(盯着他们).
One day, Jatin took Neha’s shoes to a shoe repairman to be fixed, but he lost them
on the way home. It wasn’t until he got home that he realized he had lost the shoes. He
was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed, so he begged his sister to
keep it secret. Neha agreed a nd the two decided to share Jatin’s running shoes. Neha’s
school hours were in the morning, so she would wear them first. After school, she would
rush back and give them to Jatin. He could then run to his school, which began in the afternoon.
Although he ran as fast as he could, Jatin often arrived late and was warned by the school.
A long distance race was going to be held for the boys in the city. When Jatin learned
that the third prize was a new pair of shoes, he decided to take part. He ran home excitedly
and promised his sister that he would win her the new shoes.
The day of race arrived. Jatin had a strong start, but halfway through the race he began
to get tired and his legs began to ache. Getting more and more exhausted he thought only
of Neha and his promise to her. Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave
him strength, and he stayed right behind the two fastest runners, determined to finish third.
Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, another runner collided(碰撞) with Jatin from behind
and Jatin crashed to the ground.
Paragraph 1:
Jatin looked up and he saw the other boys rushing ahead. Paragraph 2:
Filled with pleasure, Jatin walked home in no time.
2021届全国高三下学期冲刺英语试卷11 答案版
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A
One of the best ways to pay for college is to find work that helps foot part of the
school fee. Here are 4 types of parttime jobs that provide students with extra ine.
Jobs with employer scholarships
Some panies offer help paying for college through scholarship programs. Taco Bell, for
instance, offers its part time employees the chance to win up to a $ 25,000 award through
its Live Mas Scholarship. The award can be used toward vocational schools or a twoorfouryear
college. Employees must have worked for the pany at least three continuous months. Workstudy
For years the workstudy program has allowed students to earn money through parttime
work. Students aged between 16 and 24 who file Free Application for Student Aid maybe qualified for the program. While these jobs aren’t always on campus, students in work study earn at least $7.25 per hour — the state minimum wage.
Paid internships
A paid internship can not only help students pay for college but can also open doors for fulltime work after graduation. According to a 2019 survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, nearly twothirds of paid interns received a job offer, while just about 44% of unpaid interns were offered a job.
Ondemand economy jobs
Known for its flexibility, the jobs can help students earn cash between classes. These ondemand jobs include pleting small jobs, making deliveries or even driving for ridebooking services. Students can typically earn more through ondemand work, ranging from $10 to $20 an hour.
22.What are the applicants for the workstudy program required to do?
A. Submit an application form.
B. Work part time for years.
C. Accept the minimum wage.
D. Live and work at one campus.
22. What is the advantage of ondemand economy jobs?
A. Providing scholarships.
B. Having fixed workplace.
C. Including an extra award.
D. Offering more job options.
23.Which program is of great help for students to find a fulltime job?
A. Jobs with employer scholarships.
B. On demand economy jobs.
C. Paid internships.
D. Work study.
【答案】2123 ADC
B
The 2020 Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to former U.S. Poet Laureate(桂冠诗人) Louise Gluck.
The prize mittee c ited “her unmistakable poetic voice that with plain beauty makes individual existence universal”. Gluck is the first American woman to win the award since Toni Morrison in 1993. Gluck, 77, joins a list of literary giants and previous Nobelists
who include, in this century, Canadian shortstory master Alice Munro, Chinese magicalrealist Mo Yan, etc.
Gluck’s work includes 12 collections of poetry and a couple of volumes of essays on literary writing. “All are characterized by striving for clarity(清晰). Childhood and family life, the close relationship with parents and siblings is a theme that has remained central to her,” Anders Olsson, the chairman of the Nobel mittee for Literature, said. “She seeks the universal, and in this she takes inspiration from myths a nd classical themes,” Olsson added, citing her 2006 collection Averno, which the mittee described as “masterly” for its “visionary interpretation of the myth of Persephone’s fall into hell in the captivity of Hades, the god of death”.
Being a professor at Yale and a resident of Cambridge, Gluck also served as U.S. Poet Laureate from 2003 to 2004 and is no stranger to awards. She won the Pulitzer Prize in 1993 for her collection of poems titled The Wild Iris, in which “she describes the miraculous return of life after winter in the poem Snowdrops,” the Nobel literature mittee said Thursday. She also won the 2014 National Book Award for poetry Faithful and Virtuous Night. In 2016, President Obama awarded the National Humanities Medal to Gluck in a White House ceremony.
The publicityshy Gluck did not immediately issue any ment about the latest honor for her body of work, which spans more than half a century. In a 2012 interview, she acknowledged that prizes can make “existence in the world easier” but did not am ount to the immortality(不朽) of a true artist.
26.What can we know about Gluck from paragraph 1?
E.She is as popular as the Chinese novelist Mo Yan.
F.She won the Nobel Prize for her special literary style.
G.She is the first American to win a Nobel Prize in literature.
H.She is the only Poet Laureate in modern American history.
27.What do Gluck’s poems mainly focus on?
A. Daily life.
B. Nature.
C. Careers.
D. Classical myths.
26. What is the purpose of paragraph 3?
A. To show Gluck’s contributions to literature.
B. To prove Gluck’s great passion for writing.
C. To present Gluck’s outstanding achievements.
D. To stress Gluck’s influence on other poets.
27. What does Gluck think about the honor she has received?
A. She is content with it.
B. She takes it very seriously.
C. She deserves a higher honor.
D. She doesn’t attach great importance to it.
【答案】2427 BACD
C
The argument that humancaused carbon emissions are merely a drop in the bucket pared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has been making its way around the rumor mill for years. And while it seems to be reasonable, the science just doesn’t back it up.
According to the US Geological Survey(USGS), the world’s volcanoes, both on land and undersea, generate about 200 million tons of carbon dioxide(CO2) annually, while our automotive and industrial activities cause some 24 billion tons of CO2emissions every year worldwide. Despite the arguments to the contrary, the facts speak for themselves: Greenhouse gas emissions from volcanoes pose less than one percent o f those generated by today’s human activities.
Another indication that human emissions surpass those of volcanoes is the fact that atmospheric CO2 levels, as measured by sampling stations around the world, have gone up consistently year after year regardless of whether or not there have been major volcanic eruptions in specific years. “If it were true that individual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions and were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes —one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth and regular trend.”
Furthermore, some scientists believe that volcanic eruptions, like that of Mt.St. Helens in 1980 and Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, actually lead to shortterm global cooling, not warming, as sulfur dioxide(SO2), ash and other particles in the air and stratosphere(平流层) reflect some solar energy instead of letting it into Earth’s atmosphere. SO2, which converts(转变) to sulfuric acid aerosol, when it hits the stratosphere, can linger there for as long as seven years and can exercise a cooling effect long after a volcanic eruption has taken place.。