BFT阅读(综合)-试卷30

BFT阅读（综合）-试卷30
(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、 Part 2(总题数：4，分数：40.00)
1. The larger a machine and the more numerous its parts, the greater likelihood of a breakdown and the more expensive to repair. What has been said about market forces and management was necessarily oversimplified. The economies of modern industrial nations are large and very complex. To be sure, there is management, and there are market forces at work, but there are also many other factors that help or hinder economic function.
2. In modern industrial societies, governments play a large role. There are a lot of regulations, most of them are meant for the protection of the public. All regulations affect the way businesses operate, often increasing their costs and reducing their profits. Lower profits, in turn, reduce the amount of money which is known as working capital that a company can use for expansion. Auto emission standards, for instance, have had a significant impact on the manufacture and pricing of automobiles. Other government policies such as taxation, budget deficits, and regulation of the money supply have an effect on how much money is available for people to spend on goods and services.
3. International crises and other conditions also affect the working of an economy. A severe frost in Brazil can ruin a coffee crop and raise the price of that commodity. War can cut off the supply of such resources as petroleum, chromium, or copper. In the United States, environmental protests have slowed the development of nuclear energy capacity and the mining of vast tracts of protected land. Weather affects agriculture: a hot, dry summer can damage the wheat crop; floods can destroy thousands of acres of crops suddenly; and insect pests can devastate cropland with a rapid onslaught.
4. People's attitudes also have an impact on the marketing of goods. Health-conscious individuals, for example, may stop smoking, curtail their intake of alcohol, and eat less of certain kinds of food. Advertising affects what people buy, and it can create a market where none existed. Style and fashion are significant for many consumers.
5. There are other economic problems that are more difficult to understand. For centuries economies have been subject to periods of prosperity followed by periods of decline. Although periods of prosperity can be explained rather easily, the reasons for panics, recessions, and depressions are of a complex nature. So many factors contributed to the Great Depression of the 1930s, for example, that no economist has ever been able to account for all of them.
6. Because the causes of decline are uncertain, the remedies are equally uncertain. In the late 20th century all industrialized societies through their governments have tried to stabilize economies, keep them prosperous, and reduce unemployment. None of the remedies has worked to the extent that was hoped. How economies work and what remedies can be found to keep them operating efficiently are the tasks of economists, who must work together with businessmen and politicians. Questions 1-5 Directions: For questions 1-5, choose the best title for each paragraph from below. For each numbered paragraph(1-5), mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. Uncertainty of remedies to economic decline B. The role of government in economy C. The political system of a nation D. Factors that influence economy E. The influence of people's attitude on economy F. The force of market G The problems to be solved in economy（分数：10.00）
(1).Paragraph 2 1（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：B）
解析：解析：第2段介绍了政府在经济中的作用。

(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：D）
解析：解析：第3段介绍了影响经济的一些因素。

(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：E）
解析：解析：第4段介绍了人们的态度对经济的影响。

(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：G）
解析：解析：第5段介绍了经济现象中亟待解决的问题。

(5).Paragraph 6 1（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：A）
解析：解析：第6段介绍了针对经济下滑采取的补救措施的不确定性。

Directions: Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 6-10, with a word or phrase from the list below. For each sentence(6-10), mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. there are too many reasons behind it B. regulations may affect business operation by increasing the cost C. it is harmful for a government to interfere with economic matters D. the economy of modern industrial nations are difficult to manage E. consumers may give up some bad habits F. economists have to cooperate with businessmen and politicians G. it is hard to predict the economic trend（分数：10.00）
(1).By using the word "machine", the author wants to point that 1.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：D）
解析：解析：参阅文章第1段第3句：“The economies of modern industrial nations are large and very complex．
(2).Out of health consideration, 1 .（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：E）
解析：解析：参阅文章第4段。

(3).The example of auto emission standards is here used to make it clear that 1.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：B）
解析：解析：参阅文章第2段第3句：“All regulations affect the way businesses operate，often increasing their costs and reducing their profits．”
(4).It is difficult to explain the onset of economic decline because 1.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：A）
解析：解析：参阅文章第5段。

(5).The author believes that, to find efficient ways of keeping economy going, 1 .（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：F）
解析：解析：参阅文章第6段最后一句：“How economies work…businessmen and politicians．”
1. Proper arrangement of classroom space is important to encourage interaction. Most of us have noticed how important physical setting is to efficiency and comfort in our work. Today's corporations hire human engineering specialists and spend a considerable amount of time and money to make sure that the physical environments of buildings are fit for the activities of their inhabitants.
2. Similarly, college classroom space should be designed to encourage the activity of critical thinking. We may be approaching the twenty-first century, but step into almost any college classroom and you step back in time at least a hundred years. Desks are normally in straight rows, so students can clearly see the teacher but not all their classmates. The assumption behind such an arrangement is obvious: everything of importance comes from the teacher.
3. With a little imagination and effort, unless desks are fixed to the floor, the teacher can correct this situation and create space that encourages interchange among students. In small or standardized classes, chairs, desks, and tables can be arranged in a variety of ways: circles, U-shapes, or semicircles. The primary goal should be for everyone to be able to see everyone else. Larger classes, particularly those held in lecture halls, unfortunately, allow much less flexibility.
4. Arrangement of the classroom should also make it easy to divide students into small groups for discussion or problem-solving exercises. Small classes with movable desks and tables present no problem. Even in large lecture halls, it is possible for students to turn around and form groups
of four to six. Breaking a class into small groups provides more opportunities for students to interact with each other, think out loud, and see how other students' thinking processes operate — all essential elements in developing new modes of critical thinking. 5. In courses that regularly use a small group format, students might be asked to stay in the same small groups throughout the course. A colleague of mine allows students to move around during the first two weeks, until they find a group they are comfortable with. He then asks them to stay in the same seat, with the same group, from that time on. This not only creates a comfortable setting for interaction but helps him learn students' names and faces. Questions 1-5 Directions: For questions 1-5, choose the best title for each paragraph from below. For each numbered paragraph(1-5), mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. Shortage of the arrangement of present college classroom space B. Proper way of arranging classroom space C. The importance of discussion D. Traditional way of classroom arrangement E. Importance of proper arrangement of classroom space F. Advantage of breaking a class into small groups G. Necessity of having fixed groups（分数：10.00）
(1).Paragraph 1 1（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：E）
解析：解析：第1段介绍了合理安排教室空间的重要性。

(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：A）
解析：解析：第2段介绍了现在大学里教室空间安排的缺陷。

(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：B）
解析：解析：第3段介绍了几种合理的安排教室空间的方式。

(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：F）
解析：解析：第4段介绍了把学生分成小组的好处。

(5).Paragraph5 1（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：C）
解析：解析：第5段讲述了保持固定小组的必要性。

Directions: Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 6-10, with a word or phrase from the list below. For each sentence(6-10), mark one letter(A-6)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. the teacher is the chief knowledge source B. it plays an important role in improving efficiency of work C. the students can interact with each other D. it is important for students to see the blackboard clearly E. there is not much change in the college educational idea over the past hundred years F. learning is made comfortable in this way G. the college education is traditional（分数：10.00）
(1).Corporations pay more attention to physical settings, for 1.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：B）
解析：解析：参阅文章第1段第2句：“Most of us have noticed how important physical setting is to efficiency and comfort in our work．”(许多人已经注意到外部环境影响工作的效率和舒适性，公司也同样重视其环境布局。

)
(2).Desk arrangement in a traditional classroom is associated with the idea that 1.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：A）
解析：解析：参阅文章第2段最后一句：“The assumption behind such an arrangement is obvious：everything of importance comes from the teacher．”(传统布置方式似乎暗示了老师是一切知识的来源。

)
(3).The expression "step back in time at least a hundred years" is intended to convey the idea that 1.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：E）
解析：解析：参阅文章第2段第2句：“We may be approaching the twenty-first century,but step into almost any college classroom and you step back in time at least a hundred years．”(我们正在迈向21世纪，但跨进大学教室几乎都会有让你倒退100年的感觉，也就是说大学教室在布局方面在近100年间没有任何发展。

)
(4).It's necessary to rearrange the desk in classroom so that 1.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：C）
解析：解析：参阅文章第3段第一句：“Arrange ment of the classroom should also make it easy todivide students into small groups for discussion or problem—solving exercises．”(教室的安排布置应该便于学生相互进行交流。

)
(5).The greatest advantage in allowing each student to find his own group might be that 1.（分数：2.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：F）
解析：解析：参阅文章第5段第2句：“A colleague of mine allows students to move around during the first two weeks，until they find a group they are comfortable with．”(我的一位同事允许学生在头两周内自由挪动，直至找到适合他们的小组，这样学习就会轻松得多。

)。