【高中英语】人教版2019选择性必修第一册单元素养测评卷(练习题)

人教版2019选择性必修第一册单元素养测评卷
(二)(2603)
1.R ap id ad va n ce s in n e w tec h no lo g y will s o o n tr a n s fo r m s c ie n ce f ic tio n in to
r e a lity—me a n in g p eo ple will h a ve d r ive r le s s c a r s, s ma ll r ob o ts a t th e ir co mma n d a nd the a b ility to e x p e r ie nc e b e in g in a n o th e r p la ce with o u t le a vin g h o me,p r ed ic ted G oo g le
e x e cu tive c h a ir ma n E ric S c h mid t a t the M ob ile Wo r ld Co ng r e s s in B a r ce lo na, the p lan e t's la rg e s t c e llp h on e tra de s ho w.
In tr o du c tio n o f b ook s a va ila b le on lin e, In te r n e t tr an s la tion o f la n gu a ge s an d vo ice
r e c og n itio n f o r c o mp u te r s a ll ha p pe ne d mu ch f a s te r th an an yo n e co u ld fo r e se e a n d th a t te c h no lo g ic a l r es e a rc h in to e ven mo r e p r e viou s ly u n h e a r d-o f a d va nc e s is p r og r e s s ing a t a f a s t s p ee d.
"P eo p le wh o p r ed ic t th a t ho log r a ms(全息图)an d s e lf-d r ivin g ca r s will b ec o me r e a lity s o o n a r e ab s o lu te ly r i g h t," Sc h mid t to ld th ou s a nd s o f a tten de e s. Re s e a r ch u nd e r wa y will le a d to s itu a tion s whe re p eo p le c an pu t th e ms e lve s a t e ve n ts like a ro c k c on c e r t so tha t th ey c a n se e, h ea r an d e ve n f e e l the e ve n t. A nd tur n do wn the vo lu me,if it's to o lo u d.
O ne a tten d ee sa id she wa s sc a r ed tha t th e p o s s ib ility c o u ld b e de h u ma n iz ing, b u t
S c h mid t r ep lie d b y h o ld in g u p h is c e llp h on e in to the a ir. "It h a s a n off b u tto n an d it is h e r e o n the r igh t," S ch mid t s a id. "M y p o in t is tha t it is a ll a bo u t yo u r con tr o l. If yo u d o n't lik e my ve r s io n o f a ro c k co n c er t, I'm n o t f o r c ing yo u to g o. In th e f u tu r e, s ma ll r o bo ts co u ld b e us e d s o b u s y p e op le c an s en d th e m to e ve n ts f o r vid e o a nd vo ic e tr an s mis s io n s whe n th e ir p re s e nc e isn't r e q u ir e d," S ch mid t s a id.
Tec hn o log y in th e n e a r f u tu r e will r e d e f in e th e r e la tio n sh ip a mo ng p e op le in th e wo r ld. "S ma r te r r e s o u rc e fu l citiz e n s a r e g o in g to d ema n d a b e tte r de a l fo r th e ir n e w lif e," S ch mid t s a id.
(1)Fr o m th e p as s a ge,th e ne w tec h no lo g y .（）
rge ly d e p e nd s on s c ie n ce f ic tion
B.will e ve n tu a lly r e p la c e h u ma n s' p r e s e nc e
C.a ma z ing ly i mp r o ve s p e op le's s o c ia l sk ills
D.c a n u ne xp e c ted ly b r in g ne w va r io us ch o ice s
(2)W h y d id S c h mid t give th e e xa mp le in P a ra g r ap h 4?（）
A.To lis t a d van ta ge s of th e n e w c e llp ho ne.
B.To a d vis e a wide r us e o f th e n e w c e llph on e.
C.To r e mo ve p eo p le's wo r r y o f th e n e w te chn o log y.
D.To co mp a r e the be ne f its o f u s in g th e n e w te c hn o log y.
(3)W ha t's th e wr ite r's a ttitu d e to wa r d s r a p id a d va nc e s in te ch no log y?（）
A.Ob je c tive.
B.N eg a tive.
C.U nc a r ing.
D.Do u b tfu l.
2.Fo r a ll th e te c hn o log ic a l won de r s o f mo de r n me d ic ine,f ro m g en e-e d itin g to f e ta l(胎儿的)s u rg e r y,h e a lth c a r e—with its f ax ma ch in e s a nd c lipb o a rd s(写字板)—is o f te n
s tu b bo r n ly o ld-f a s h io n e d. T h is ou td a ted e ra is s lo wly d r a win g to a c lo se a s,s lo wly,th e in d u s tr y c a tc h e s up with th e a r tif ic ia l in te llig e n ce(A I)r e vo lu tio n. A nd it sh o u ld ha ve
h a pp e ne d e a r lie r,a rgue s E r ic To po l,a h ea r t d o c to r k ee n o n d ig ita l me d ic in e.
D r To po l's vis io n o f me d ic in e's f u tu r e is op timis tic.H e th in k s AI will b e p a r tic u la r ly u s e f u l f o r re p e titive ta s k s whe r e e r ro r s a r ise e a s ily, s u c h a s s e le ctin g ima g e s, e xa min ing h e a r t tr ac e s f o r a b no rma l s ymp to ms o r r e c or d in g d oc to r s' wo r d s in to pa tie n t re c o rd s. In s h o r t, A I is s e t to s a ve time,live s a n d mo ne y.
Mu c h o f th is is ima g in a r y—b u t A I is a lr e ady d e f e a tin g pe op le in a va r ie ty o f n a r r o w job s f o r wh ic h it h a s be en tr a in e d. E ve n tu a lly it ma y b e a b le to d iag no s e a n d tr ea t a wid er r a ng e o f d is e a se s. E ve n th en, D r Top o l th ink s, huma n s wo u ld wa tch o ver th e r u le s, ra th e r than b e in g r e p la c ed b y th em.
T h e a u th o r's f e a r is th a t A I will b e u se d to d e e pe n th e a s s e mb ly li n e(流水线) c u ltu re o f mo d e r n me d ic ine.If it a wa r d s a"g if t o f time" to d oc to r s, h e a rgue s th a t th is ad d ition a l b e n ef it s h ou ld b e u s ed to ex te nd th e time o f c o n su lta tio n s,r a th e r th a n s imp l y s p e e d ing th r o ug h the m mo r e e ff ic ie n tly.
T he H ipp oc r a tic o a th h o ld s th a t th e re is a n a r t to me d ic in e a s we ll a s a sc ie nc e, a nd th at "wa r mth, s ymp a th y a n d u nd e r s tan d ing ma y b e mo r e imp o r ta n t th an th e s u rge o n's k n if e o r th e c h e mis t's d r u g". Th a t is no t j u s t a cl ic hé: th e p a tie n ts o f s ymp a th e tic p h ys ic ia n s h a ve b e e n sh o wn to d o b e tte r. A s D r To p o l sa ys, i t is h a r d to ima g in e tha t a r o b o t co u ld r e a ll y r e p la ce a h u ma n d oc tor. Ye t a s d e ma nd f o r he a lth ca r e g o es be yo n d th e s up p ly o f h u ma n c a r e r s, the fu tu r e ma y in vo lve c on s u lta tion s o n s ma r tp h on e s a nd me a s u re me n ts mo n ito r ed b y c h a t r o bo ts. Th e c on s id e r a te ly wa r me d s te th o s co pe(听诊器), p la c e d g en tly o n a
p a tie n t's b a c k,ma y b e c o me h is to r y.
(1)Ac c or d ing to th e au th o r, h e a lth c a re ha s b e e n ge n e ra lly c o n s ide r e d .（）
A.to b r in g o u t ma n y te c h no log ic a l wo n de r s
B.to b oo s t the s a le s of f a x ma ch in e s a nd c lip b oa r d s
C.to b e o u t o f d a te a nd f a il to k ee p u p with mo d e r n time s
D.to co n s tan tly c a tc h u p with n e w te c hn o log ic a l p ro g re s s
(2)A I is s e t to sa ve time,live s a n d mo ne y b e c a us e it ca n .（）
A.re p ea t do c to r s' wo r d s an d in s tr u c tion s
B.co r r ec t d oc to r s' e r r o r s an d mis ta k e s
C.se le c t d o c to r s ac c o rd in g to pa tie n ts' d e ma n d s
D.re p lac e d o c to r s' ta s k s in c e r ta in f ie ld s
(3)Th e u n de r lin ed wo rd“c liché” is c lo s e s t in me a n ing to “”.（）
A.a n id e a s o o f te n u s ed th a t b e co me s un in ter e s tin g
B.an ide a so in te r e s tin g tha t is o f te n u s ed
C.an e ff ec tive r u le tha t a pp lie s to me d ic in e a n d do c to r s
D.a be n e f it to bo th d oc to r s an d p a tien ts
(4)It c a n be in fe r r e d fr o m th e p as s a ge tha t .（）
A.A I will c o mp le te ly r e p la ce th e jo bs o f d oc to r s
B.do c to r s' s ymp a th y a n d u n de r s ta nd in g s ho uld n o t b e ig no r e d
C.the ap p lic a tio n o f AI will d is c o u r a ge the a s s e mb ly lin e c u ltu r e
D.A I will b r in g wa r mth,s ymp a th y a n d un d er s ta n d ing to p a tien ts
3.A r o bo t c a lled B ina48 h a s su c ce s s f u lly ta k e n a co u r se in th e ph ilo s o ph y o f lo ve a t N o tr e
D a me de N a mu r Un ive r s it y (ND NU),in Ca lif o r n ia.
A cc o r d in g to co u r s e in s tr u c to r Willia m
B ar r y, a s s o c ia te p r o fe s s or a t NDNU, B ina48 is th e wo r ld's f ir s t s o c ia ll y a d va n c ed r ob o t to co m p le te a c o lleg e c o u rs e, a f e a t h e de s c r ibe d a s"r e ma r k a b le". T h e r o b o t to o k pa r t in c la ss d is cu s s io ns, g a ve a p r e s en ta tio n with a
s tu d en t p a r tn e r a n d par tic ip a te d in a d eb a te with s tu d en ts f ro m a no th e r in s titu tio n.
B e fo r e b e co min g a stu d e n t, B in a48 a p pe a re d a s a g ue s t s pe a ke r in Ba r r y's c la s s e s f o r s e ve r a l ye a r s. O ne da y wh e n a dd r es si n g Ba rr y's c la s s, B in a48 e xp re s s e d a d es ir e to g o to c o lle ge,a d es ir e tha t B a r r y a n d h is s tud en ts e n thu s ia s tic a lly s u p po r te d. Ra th e r th an
e n r o lling B in a48in h is"R o bo t E th i c s: P h ilos o p h y o
f E me r
g ing Tec
h no lo g ies" c o u rs e,
B a r r y s u g g e s te d tha t Bin a48 s h ou ld tak e h is c o u r se "P h ilo so p h y o f Lo ve" in s te a d. Lo ve is a c on c ep t B in a48 d oe sn't u n d e r s ta nd,sa id Ba r r y. T h e r e fo r e th e c ha lle n ge wou ld b e fo r
B a r r y a n d h is s tud en ts to te ac h B ina48wha t lo ve is.
"S o me in te re s tin g thin g s ha pp e ne d in the cla s s," s a id Ba r r y.H e sa id th a t h is s tu d en ts
th o ug h t it wo u ld b e s tra ig h tf o r wa r d to tea c h B in a48 ab ou t lo ve, whic h, a f te r a ll, is "f a ir l y s imp le—it's a f ee lin g," s a id Ba r r y. B u t th e rea lit y w a s d iff e re n t. B in a48 e n de d up lea r n ing "31d iff e r en t ve r s io n s o f lo ve," s a id B a r r y,h ig h ligh tin g s o me o f th e ch a llen g e s h u ma n s ma y f a c e wh en wo rk ing with a r tif ic ia l in te llig e n ce in th e fu tu r e.
B in a48 p a r tic ipa te d in c la s s d is c u s s io n s via S k yp e a nd a ls o t o ok p a r t in a c la s s d e ba te a b ou t lo ve an d c on f lict with s tu d en ts f r o m We s t P o in t. B in a48's c ontr ib u tio n to th e de ba te wa s f ilme d a nd po s ted o n You Tu be. It wa s jud g ed th a t B in a48 an d NDNU c la s s ma te s we re th e winn e r s o f th is d eb a te.
In th e n ex t d e ca d e, Ba r r y h o p e s B in a48 mi g h t b e co me co mp le x en o ug h to te a ch a c la s s, th o ug h h e s a ys h e fo r es e e s r o bo ts b e ing u s ed to be tte r th e te ac h ing an d le a r n in g ex p e r ien ce, r a th e r th a n r e p lac e ins tr u c to r s c o mp le te ly.
(1)W ha t wa s B in a48's p e r f o r ma n ce lik e in c la s s?（）
A.Fa r-r e a c h in g.
B.In s ig n if ica n t.
C.U na ttr a c tive.
D.E x tra o r d in a r y.
(2)W ha t do e s th e u nd er lin e d wo r d “a dd r e s s in g”in P a r ag r a ph3 p ro b ab ly me a n?（）
A.De a lin g with.
B.C on s u lting with.
C.G ivin g a s pe e ch to.
D.S e nd ing a le tte r to.
(3)W ha t ca n we le a rn f r o m th e p as s a ge?（）
A.It wa s q u ite to u gh fo r B in a48to le a rn ab ou t lo ve.
B.A r tif ic ia l in te llig e nc e ma y s o me h o w b e su p e r io r to ma n.
C.It wa s in te re s tin g fo r B in a48to le a rn ab ou t lo ve.
D.Hu ma n s ca n lau nc h a c ha lle ng e to a r tif ic ia l in te llig en c e.
(4)W ha t do e s Ba r r y th in k o f th e f u tu re de ve lo p me n t o f B ina48?（）
A.It will b e a b le to p ro mo te le a r n in g a n d tea c h ing.
B.It will c o mp le te ly t a k e th e p la c e o f in s tr uc to r s.
C.It will s u r e ly b e a b le to se r ve a s a tea c he r.
D.It will b e s ma r t en ou g h to co n tro l h u ma n b e in gs.
4.W h y d o we la u gh an d g e t a mu s e me n t f rom s o ma n y d iff e r e n t th in g s, f r o m p un s(双关语) to p r a tf a lls? Wh y a r e s o me th ing s fu n n y to s o me p eo p le a nd n o t to o the r s? Ho w is th a t wh ile a su c ce s s f u l jo ke c an ca u s e p lea s u re, a s ic k o ne ca n c a us e se r io u s h a r m?
O ve r the ce n tu r ies, va r io u s s ch o la r s h a ve a tte mp te d to p r od u ce a u n ive r s a lly
a g r e ed-u p o n th eo r y o f h u mo u r. P la to a nd A ris to tle in tr od u ce d th e s u p e r io r ity(优越感) th e o r y, th e ide a th a t p eo p le la u gh a t the mis f or tu n e o f o th e rs. T he ir th e o r y s e e ms to e x p la in
te a s in g,bu t it do e sn't wo r k we ll fo r k n oc k-kn o ck jok e s. S ig mu nd Fr e u d a rg u e d f o r h is
r e lie f th eo r y, th e c on ce p t tha t hu mo u r is a wa y f o r p e o p le to r e le a se p s yc h o lo g ic a l ten s ion a n d r e ve a l th e ir in n e r fe a r s a n d de s ir e s. H is th e o r y wo r k s we ll f o r dir t y jo k e s, le s s we ll f or mo s t p u n s.
T h e ma jo r ity o f h u mo u r ex pe r ts tod a y a g r ee with the in co ng r u ity th e o r y,th e id ea tha t h u mo u r a r is e s wh en the r e's a g ap b e twee n wha t pe o p le ex pe c t to h ap p en a n d wha t ac tu a lly h a pp e n s.In c on g r u ity h a s a lo t g o ing f o r it—jo ke s with u ne x pe c te d f un n y li n e s,fo r
e x a mp le,
f it we ll. Bu t s c ie n tis ts ha ve f ou n d th a t in c o me d y, u n e x pec te d ne s s is o ve r va lu e d. With the
g o a l of d e ve lo p ing a n e w, mo r e s atis f a c to r y e x p lan a tion, I p r od uc e d "t
h e ge n tle vio la tio n(违背)th e o ry",th e id e a th a t h u mou r a r is e s wh en so me th in g s ee ms wr o n g o r
th r e a ten in g, bu t is a c tu a lly O K o r s a f e. A d ir t y jo k e, fo r e x a mp le, tra d e s o n mo r a l o r s oc ia l vio la tio n s,bu t it's o n ly g o in g to ge t a la ug h if th e p e r so n lis ten ing is op en en o ug h to
c o n s i
d
e r the s ub je c t OK to ta lk a b ou t. S imila r l y, p u n s c a n be s ee n as lin g u is tic vio la tions th a t s till ma k e g ra mma tic a l s en s e.
An d wh ile mo s t hu mo u r th e o r ie s h a ve s tr ugg le d to ac c ou n t fo r tic k lin g(挠痒痒), o r ju s t a vo id e d th e p h en o me no n a lto g e th e r,my th e o r y a c c ou n ts fo r e ve n th is k ind o f la ug h te r. Tic k ling in vo l ve s vio la tin g so me o n e's p h ys i c a l s pa c e in a ge n tle wa y. P e op le c a n't tic k le th e ms e lve s—b ec a u se it is n't a vio la tio n.
(1) W ha t is the au th o r's a ttitu d e to wa r d s P lato a nd A r is to tle's th e or y?（）
A.C r itic a l.
B.A pp r o vin g.
C.U nc a r ing.
D.Un c le a r.
(2) A c co r d ing to S ig mu n d Fr e u d's th e o r y,we c an in fe r th a t .（）
A.p e op le will lau gh wh e n th e y s e e o the r s suff e r
B.te lling d ir ty jo k e s is a r e lie f o f o ne's n e r vo u s f e e ling s
C.un ex p ec te dn e s s c an e x p la in ho w hu mo u r wo r k s
D.tick lin g d oe s n't in v o lve p s yc h o lo g ica l ten s io n
(3) A c co r d ing to the au th o r, wh y a r e so me thin g s fu nn y to s o me peo p le b u t no t to o the r s?（）
A.B ec a us e the s en s e of h u mo u r va r ie s g r ea tly f r o m p e r s o n to p e r so n.
B.B ec a u se pe op le ha ve d iff e r en t e xp ec ta tion s f o r th e s a me th ing.
C.B ec a u se so me p e op le la ck th e s en s e o f s a fe ty d e e p in the ir he a r t.
D.B ec a us e p e op le's u nd e r s ta nd ing o f vio la tio n is d iff e r e n t.
(4) W ha t is the au th o r's ma in p u r p os e o f wr itin g th is p a s sa g e?（）
A.To d ra w pe o p le's a tte n tio n to the r e se a r ch o f h u mo u r.
B.To c r itic iz e p eo p le's mis c o n c ep tio n s a b o ut h u mo u r.
C.To e xp la in wh a t e x ac tl y c a u s e s p eo p le to la u gh.
D.To p ro ve th e s e n se o f hu mo u r c an b e d e ve lo p ed.
5.Sc ho o l d o e sn't h a ve to be a p r is on. Wh e the r yo u f in d sc h oo l d iff ic u lt,bo r in g,o r ju s t s tr e s s f u l, yo u c an le a rn to ma k e s ch oo l ea s ier a nd b r i ng a lo t mo r e fu n. H e r e a re s o me wa ys to h e lp yo u.
Tr y a te a m s po r t. S ome s c h oo ls o ff e r tea m s p o r ts th a t a llo w yo u to ma k e f r ie nd s with yo u r f e llo w s tud en ts. S oc c er, tr a c k an d f ie ld, b a s ke tb a ll a n d f oo tb a ll, can a ll ma k e s c ho o l h a ve a little mo r e f u n.If yo u d o n't wa n t to p la y s p o r ts, c o ns id e r a tte n d ing the ga me s a n d c h e e r in g o n yo u r tea m with yo u r f r ie n d s.
O ne of th e mo s t s tr e s s f u l p a r ts o f sc ho o l ca n b e ma k ing su re yo u h a ve e ve r yth in g yo u'r e s u p p o se d to h a ve. W h e re's yo u r E ng lish ho me wo r k? Wh e r e's th a t ma th s a s s ig n me n t? Is yo u r p e nc il s h a rp? T h e le s s yo u h a ve to wo r r y a b o u t the s e little th in g s, th e mo r e yo u'll b e ab le to f oc u s o n a nd e n jo y s c h o o l.
Tak e it e as y o n yo u r te a ch e r s. Tea c he r s a re lik e s tud en ts: so me a r e g r e a t, so me a r e le ss th a n g r e a t. Bu t te ac he rs a r e in c ha rg e o f the cla s s r o o m. So e ve n if yo u'r e f e e lin g f ru s tr a ted o r b o re d in c las s, yo u s h o u ld b e n ic e to yo u r te a c he r s. A sk f o r h e lp if yo u a r e h a ving tr o u b le in d o ing ho me wo r k. M ak e it e as y.
A sk f o r h e lp a t s c ho ol b y jo in in g a n a f te r-cla s s s tu d y g r o u p, if yo u r s c ho o l ha s on e. A sk yo u r te a c h e r if yo u c a n s ta y 10~15 min u te s a f te r s c ho o l to a sk a f ew q u e s tion s a bo u t yo u r h o me wo r k, if yo u'r e e mb a r r a s s e d to a sk d u rin g c las s.It's a lwa ys b e tte r to a s k.
A.S ta y o rg a n iz ed.
B.Ma na g e yo u r h o me wo r k b e tte r.
C.S o yo u c an ch oo s e o n e o f the m to ta ke up.
D.Tr y to f in d k id s yo u c a n ta lk to an d p la y with.
E.B e p r ep a r ed f o r c la ss a nd e ve r yth in g will b e ea s ie r.
F.A s a r e su lt,the y wil l p o s s ib ly b e f r ien d ly b a c k to yo u.
G.If yo u'r e s tr u g g ling in s ch oo l,do n't tr y t o ta ke it a ll o n b y yo u r s e lf.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(5)
6.O ne Fr id a y a f te r n o on in my f ir s t ye a r o f h ig h s ch o o l, I s a w a k id f r o m my c la s s wa lk in g
h o me. H is n a me wa s Kyle. He s e e me d to b e ca r r yin g a ll h is bo o ks. T h en s o me k id s r a n at h im, 1 a ll h is b oo k s ou t o f h is a r ms. H is g la s s e s we n t f lyin g an d lan d ed in th e g ra s s. M y h e a r t 2 to h im, s o I jo g g e d o ve r and h a nd ed h im h is 3 . H e th an ke d me with a b ig s mile.
Mo nd a y mo r n in g c ame a n d th e r e wa s Kyle with th e hu g e s ta ck of b oo k s 4 . I te a s ed h im, "B o y, yo u a r e g onn a bu ild so me r e a l 5 with th is p ile o f b oo k s e ve r y d a y!" H e ju st la u g he d a nd ha n de d me h a lf th e b oo k s.
H e tu r ne d o u t to be th e be s t s tud e n t o f o ur c la s s a n d ha d to ma ke a 6on the
g r a du a tio n d a y. A s h e s to o d o n s ta ge, h e 7h is th r o a t,an d b eg a n: "G r a du a tion is a time to th a nk tho s e wh o h e lpe d y o u ma k e it 8th o se tou gh ye a r s. You r p a r en ts, yo u r te a c he r s,yo u r s ib lings...bu t mo s tly yo u r f r i e n d s...I a m h e re to tell yo u th a t b e ing
a(n)9 to s o me o ne is th e b e s t g if t yo u c an g ive the m. I a m g o in g to te ll yo u a s to r y."
I ju s t lo o ke d a t my f r ie n d with 10 a s h e ta lke d ab ou t th e f irs t d a y we me t. H e h ad p la n ne d to k ill h ims e lf. H e h ad c le a ne d ou t h is lo ck e r 11 h is mu m wo u ld n't h a ve to d o it la te r an d c a r r y h is s tu ff h o me.
H e loo ke d ha r d a t me a n d g a ve me a little s mile. "12, I wa s s a ve d. M y f r ie n d s a ved me f r o m d o in g th e 13." I h e a r d th e g a sp(倒抽气) in the c rowd a s th is ha n ds o me,
p o pu la r b o y to ld u s a bo u t h is14 mo me n t. I sa w h is mu m an d d a d loo k ing a t me with th a t s a me g ra te f u l s mi le. N o t u n til the n d id I r e a liz e th e 15 of th e s mile. Wi th on e s ma ll a c tio n yo u c an ch a ng e a pe r s o n's lif e. G od pu ts u s a ll in e ach o the r's live s to
in f lu e nc e o n e a no th e r in s o me wa y.
(1)
A.b e a ting
B.s tr ik in g
C.kn oc k ing
D.p u ttin g
(2)
A.we n t o u t
B.f e ll o ff
C.br o ke do wn
D.b r ig h te n ed up
(3)
A.g la s s es
B.wa lle t
C.jac k e t
D.g lo ve s
(4)
A.a lr e ad y
B.ag a in
C.ye t
D.o n ce
A.c h a ra c te r
B.wis do m
C.f r ien d sh ip
D.mu s c le
(6)
A.p la n
B.jok e
C.sc e ne
D.sp e ec h
(7)
A.b r ok e
B.c le a r ed
C.he a led
D.e mp tie d
(8)
A.b y
B.du r ing
C.th ro ug h
D.a mo n g
(9)
A.f r ien d
B.ad mir e r
C.co a ch
D.h e r o
(10)
A.d e ligh t
B.d isb e lie f
C.sh a me
D.wo r r y
(11)
A.a s if
B.e ven tho u gh
C.in c a se
D.so tha t
(12)
A.E ve n tua lly
B.S u dd en ly
C.T ha n k fu lly
D.E a s ily
(13)
A.imp o s s ib le
B.imp o lite
C.un f o rg iva b le
D.u n sp e ak a b le
(14)
A.p r ou d e s t
B.br a ve s t
C.wea k es t
D.a n g r ie s t
(15)
A.ma g ic
B.de p th
C.po we r
D.va lue
7.M ic h ae la B e r cu like s to b r ea k d o wn b a r r ie r s. In No ve mb e r,1988, s he b ec a me th e f ir s t mo d e l (we a r)jea ns o n th e c o ve r o f Vogu e, a n u nu s u a l f o r ma lit y o f th e h ig h-e n d
f a s h ion ma
g a z in e.
It's n o w 30 ye a r s la te r, an d Be r cu is ho p ing to ma k e an o the r c h an g e: b r ea k ing d o wn the b a r r ie r s o f en tr y to vo lu n te e r ing. (in s p ire)b y th e wo r d "c o n tr ib u te",sh e h a s
d e ve lo p ed Tr ib u,c on ne c ts ne e d s with th o s e wh o a re(will) to h e lp. Sh e ha s s pe nt th e pa s t f ou r ye a r s(d e ve lop)the p la tf o rm with h e r hu s b an d.
B e r cu f ir ml y b e lie ve s th a t vo lun te e r in g d oe s(mu c h) fo r the g ive r th a n th e on e who r e c e ive s th e k in dn e s s. S h e s a id, "S o mu c h r es e a r ch h a s be en d on e with p e op le o f a ll a ges th a t vo lu n te e r in g ma ke s yo u f e e l wo n de r f u l. T h e e xp e r ien c e o f b r in g ing s o me o ne a s mile
o n the ir f ac e s g ive s yo u so mu c h (sa tis fy)."
T h e a p p h a s e xp an d ed a c r o s s Is r a e l a nd h a s b e c o me p a r ticu la r ly p op u la r with h igh s c ho ol s tu d en ts th e re, a s the y (r eq u ire)to d o a c e r ta in n u mb e r o f h o ur s o f co mmu n it y
s e r vic e the y c a n g r a du a te. Be r cu is h op in g th a t the mo ve me n t s h e s ta r ted will
c o n tinu e to ex p an d. "I n f ive ye a r s, I wo u l
d lo v
e th e a p p to b e in eve r y h o u s eh o ld a r ou nd th e wo r ld be c au s e we c a n g ive a nd ge t s o mu c h
f ro m ."
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
8.假如你是李华，现在美国某高中做交流生。

你因受伤在家休养。

这期间有不少同学曾来看望、鼓励你。

现在你已接近康复，请给他们写一封感谢信表达你的谢意，内容包括:
1.回忆同学们为你做的事；
2.表达你的感谢之情；
3.介绍你的康复情况。

注意:1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

9.I a lwa ys wo n d e r e d ho w p e op le wou ld r ea c t if I tr ie d to a pp r o ac h a to ta l s tr a n ge r f o r he lp in a b u s y p la ce lik e a str e e t co r n e r o r in a b us tlin g ma ll. I p e r so n a ll y h a ve a lwa ys h u r r ied p a s t a s tr an g e r wh o tr ie d to ca tc h my a tte n tio n in a bu s y p la c e o r whe n I wa s r u s h ing a r ou nd. Ye s te rd a y I h a d a ta ste o f b e ing s tuc k in suc h a de s p e ra te s itu a tion wh er e my o n l y h o p e o f h e lp wou ld h a ve to c o me f r o m a to ta l s tr an g e r.
I wa s in a bu s y s h o pp in g ma ll b u yin g a la rg e p ie c e o f lug g ag e. Af te r th e p u r ch a se in o ne o f th e la rg e, f an c y, e x pe n s ive s ho p s, I p ic ke d u p my p h o n e f r o m my p o c k e t to c a ll my d r ive r
wa itin g in th e p a rk in g lo t a nd my p h o n e was d e ad.
I th e n r eq ue s te d th e sh o p a s s is tan t wh o h ad ju s t s o ld me the lug ga ge, wh ic h wa s n o t c he ap
a t a ll, if sh e c ou ld r ing th e n u m
b e r o f my d r ive r f o r me. Sh e re p lied, s till a ll s mile s, "I'm s o r r y s i r, b u t it is th e s h o p p o li
c y th a t we c an n o t u s e mo b ile ph on es wh ile wo r k in g in th e s h o p."
A s I wa s wo nd e r ing wh a t k in d o f po lic y th a t wa s,I s a w a n ic e-lo o k in g tee n ag e b o y
c o min g to wa r
d s me. R
e me mb e r in g my wi
f e's in te r es tin
g t
h eo r y th a t b ea u tif u l p eo p le a re mo r e lik e ly to g ive yo u a h a nd wh en yo u'r e in tr ou b le, I th o ug h t I mig h t h a ve a c ha nc e. Bu t b e f o re I c o u ld s a y a wo r d, h e wa lk ed pa s t me.It tu r n ed ou t he s imp ly d id n't s e e me.
I wa it e d a b it lo n ge r in th e ma ll b u t it se eme d n o bo d y b o th e re d to lo ok a t me.
D is ap p o in te d a n d tir ed, I g o t o u t o f th e s ho p on to th e bu s y s tr e e t in f r o n t. I s to o d th e re with p e op le r u sh ing b y, lo o k in g a t th e ir fa c e s to see if th e re wa s a s ign o f k in dn e s s o n th e ir f ac e s.
I b e g a n wo nd e r ing how ma n y ti me s I h a d r ea c te d to s tr an ge r s lik e th e sh op g ir l a n d th e te e n ag e r.
P a ra gr ap h 1:
A t th a t p o in t I sa w a y ou ng m o th e r w ith he r two k id s.
P a ra gr ap h 2:
F ina lly a m a n w e a r ing a c h ea p T-sh ir t an d d ir ty je an s se em ed to n o tic e me.
参考答案
1
(1)【答案】D
【解析】:细节理解题。

通读全文可知，科技的发展会给人类带来许多新的
东西及新的体验。

由此可知新科技会带来更多的新的选择。

故选D项。

(2)【答案】C
【解析】:推理判断题。

根据第四段的内容可知，一位与会者表示，她害怕
这种可能性是非人性的，但施密特回答说，这全在我们自己的控制。

由此可见他是用举例来消除人们对新科技的担忧。

故选C项。

(3)【答案】A
【解析】:观点态度题。

通读全文可知，作者在文中只是客观地阐述了事实，未加个人议论，所以作者是客观的。

故选A。

2
(1)【答案】C
【解析】:细节理解题。

根据第一段“…health care—with its fax machines and clipbo ar ds(写字板)—is often stubbornly old-fa shion ed.”可知，医疗服务——有传真机和写字板——是过时的。

故选C。

(2)【答案】D
【解析】:细节理解题。

根据“He thinks AI will be particularly useful for repetitive tasks where errors arise easily, such as selecting images, examining heart traces for abnormal symptoms or recording doctors' words into patient records.”可知，他认为人工智能可用于操作那些重复的、人工操作易产生误差的工作，诸如筛查图像、检查心脏的异常迹象和抄写病历等。

由此可知人工智能在某些领域能够代替医生的工作。

故选D。

(3)【答案】A
【解析】:词义猜测题。

根据“…‘warmth, sympathy and understanding may be more important than the surgeon's knife or the chemist's drug’.”(温暖、同情、理解可能比外科手术刀和药剂更重要)及“…the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to do better.”(那些有同情
心的医生的病患往往恢复得更好)可知“that is not just a cliché”的意
思是“此言绝非陈词滥调”。

故选A。

(4)【答案】B
【解析】:推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的“…the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to do better.”可知，医生的同情和理解不
容忽视。

故选B。

3
(1)【答案】D
【解析】:推理判断题。

由第二段“…a feat he described as ‘remarkable’. The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.”可知，机器人Bina48在课堂上的表现非常杰出，
故选D。

(2)【答案】C
【解析】:词义猜测题。

在第三段“Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry's classes for several years.”
中捕捉到关键词 a guest speaker，可猜出addressing的意思是“做演讲”，
故选C。

(3)【答案】B
【解析】:推理判断题。

由倒数第三段“…said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in the future.”可知，在未来，当和人工智能一起工作时，
人类可能会面临一些挑战，由此推断出人工智能可能在某些方面要胜过人类，故选B。

(4)【答案】A
【解析】:细节理解题。

由最后一段“In the next decade, Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class, though he says he foresees robots being used to better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replace instructors completely.”可知，Barry 希望机器人Bina48能变得足够复杂去教课，优化教和学的经历，而不只是
替代导师，故选A。

4
(1)【答案】A
【解析】:推理判断题。

根据第二段中“Their theory seems to explain teasing, but it doesn't work well for knock-knock jokes.”可知，作者对柏拉图和亚里士多德的理论是持批判态度的，故选A项。

(2)【答案】B
【解析】:细节理解题。

根据第二段中“Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory, the concept that humour is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires. His theory works well for d irty jokes, less well for most puns.”可知，根据他的理论，讲下流的笑话能解除人们内心的恐惧和渴望，故选B项。

(3)【答案】D
【解析】:推理判断题。

根据第四段中作者举的例子“A dirty joke, for example…Similarly, puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense.”可以判断出，人们对笑话的不同反应是
由人们的思想开放程度和文学素养决定的，也就是由一个人不同的理解和接受程度决定的，故选D项。

(4)【答案】C
【解析】:推理判断题。

作者以设问的方式在文章开篇提出了几个问题，提
出为什么人们对于笑话会有不同的反应，然后在下文提出了几个相关的理论进行解释，由此判断作者的写作目的就是解释什么会博得人们的笑声，故选C项。

5
(1)【答案】C
【解析】:根据前面所说“Some schools offer team sports that allow you to make friends with your fellow students. Socc er, track and field, basketball and football, can all make school have a little more fun.”可知作者建议参加一些团体类的体育运动并列举了几个，所以C项“所以你可以选择参加一个”承接上文。

(2)【答案】A
【解析】:根据后面的“One of the most stressful parts of school can。