研究生英语读写佳境课后练习答案

Unit Two (Text A)
Vocabulary & Structure
A. 1. elaborate 2. prosecution 3. controversial 4. ammunition 5. compassion
6. response
7. hospitalized
8. surged
9. moderately10. zeal
Translation B.
1. Quite a few terminally ill patients ask their doctors to use deadly drugs to them to be relieved
of suffering; there are also some of their families who would prefer that doctors withdraw any life-prolonging treatment since there is hopeless to cure. This problem has lately boiled over into a fierce public debate in some European countries.
2.Those who are opposed to ‘Euthanasia’ believe that it is no different from murder and that it is
unethical, while the pro-euthanasists contend that since the incurably ill consider their existence more of a torment and suffering, why not let them end their lives in a decent and humane way? We ought to respect the patients’ final decision.
3.The fear that ‘mercy killing’ will be abused or used unnecessarily is not groundless. But with
effective measures rigorously taken by the government and the departments concerned, and under tightly controlled conditions in hospitals, this problem would most probably be resolved in the end.
Unit Three (Text A)
Vocabulary & Structure
A. 1. backwards 2. a babe 3. chance 4. odds 5. smites 6. splash 7. shinning8. hasty Translation B
1.That we take the plunge to try is all to struggle against ourselves or our destiny, and thus realizing our values. The result is either to fail , to succeed after suffering hardships or some pride on himself due to constant care by the God..
2.If a man makes gambling an obsession, he will not only lose his property gained through years of toil, he will also lose his dignity and conscience. Therefore it is advisable that they beat a hasty retreat from such an indulgence and be away from the sea of troubles.
3. On the bright side of the coin, we win in the struggle against destiny, and the odds are in our favor, then gambling is no longer a toxic drug, rather it is one against boredom and apathy, and may well preserve our good temper, patience and optimism, which will do us a world of good.
Unit 5 Text A
Vocabulary & structure
A. 1. bane 2. anecdotes 3. mundane 4. stimulus 5. intriguing 6.epidemic 7. bout 8. pathological
Translation B.
1.The role of laughter is more complex than people have imagined. People laugh for a variety of reasons. People laugh not only when they feel good, but in response to mundane statements and in uncomfortable situations as well. For example, when people are surprised at funny-looking things, their natural reaction is laughter. Something seems awkward for a moment and people don't know what to do, so people laugh. Even in a threatening situation, laughter may serve as a way of calming down the tense atmosphere.
2. Why do we laugh? A convincing explanation waits for more confirmation. But people all over the world are convinced that it is pretty good to laugh. Laughter enables people to keep mentally healthy and laughter functions as some kind of social signal to strengthen a social bond because studies have shown that people are more likely to laugh in social settings than when they are alone. and it can break down barriers and forge a connection with each other.
Unit 7 Text A
Vocabulary & structure
A. 1. tyranny 2. will dissolve 3. flock 4. deem 5. lament 6. fragment 7. have a finger in every pie 8. hark back to 9. be relevant to10. be tailored to11. carve out niches 12. notch up
Translation B.
nguages are vehicles of value systems and of cultural expressions and they constitute a determining factor in the identity of groups and individuals. Yet, it is reckoned, more than fifty per cent of the world’s 6000 languages are on the verge of becoming extinct. And, as a matter of fact, one language disappears on average every two weeks. Many factors contribute to language extinction. But the English language prevalent worldwide is certainly to blame and its hegemony is worrisome.
2. There is overwhelming/compelling evidence that the United States is undoubtedly a global leader in many ways. While exporting its high-tech products and commercial artifacts, the United States is imposing American values on the world. Therefore, some people turn their noses up at globalization, fearing that it is in fact equivalent to Americanization. Such fears are not over-blown.
Unit 9
Text A V & S
A. 1. undermining 2. hinges on 3. espouse 4. inhabit 5. paradox
6. have stagnated
7. predicament
8. jeopardize
9. wake up to 10. inextricably Translation B
B. 1. At the global level, the environmental movement has already been under way for decades and the public awareness of environment protection has been correspondingly enhanced. In spite of this, the health of Mother Earth is still deteriorating at an unprecedented rate. Many people can’t help wondering how long it will take for human beings to turn things around.
2. Without abiding by the basic ecological principles, some underdeveloped countries have achieved rapid economic growth in the past decades but at the expense of the environment. To make matters worse, they have failed to put effective brakes on the overgrowth of their populations. As a result, environmental degradation and population expansion are driving an
ever-increasing number of people into poverty.。