2020-2021年 中考英语语法填空培优卷
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2020-2021年中考英语语法填空培优卷
一、初三中考语法填空(含答案详细解析)
1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Today almost everyone knows computers and the Internet. If I ask you" What is the most important in your life? ", maybe you will say" Computers and the Internet".
The________(one)computer was made in 1946. It was very big but it worked________(slow). Today computers are getting smaller and smaller. But________work faster and faster. What can computers do? A writer has said, "People can't live________computers today."
The Internet came a little later than computers. It is about twenty-three years later than computers. But now it can________(find) almost everywhere. We can use it to read books, write letters, do________(shop), play games or make friends.
Many students like the Internet very much. They often surf the Internet as soon as they are free. They make friends on the Internet and maybe they have never seen these friends. They don't know their real________(name), ages, and even sex(性别). They are so________(interest) in making the "unreal friends" that they can't put their hearts into study. Many of them can't catch up with others on many subjects________of that.
We can use computers and the Internet to learn more about the world. But at________same time, we should remember that not all the things can be done by computers and the Internet.【答案】first;slowly;they;without;be found;shopping;names;interested;because;the
【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章介绍了电脑的发明时间,以及电脑的用途。
还有电脑对我们生活的影响。
(1)句意:第一台电脑是在1946年制造的。
根据定冠词the,可知应使用序数词first,故答案是first。
(2)句意:它很大,但是工作得很慢。
slow修饰动词worked,应使用副词slowly,故答案是slowly。
(3)句意:但是他们工作的越来越快了。
空缺处指代前文的computers,因此使用they,故答案是they。
(4)句意:现在没有了电脑人们不能生活。
因为电脑在我们日常生活中越来越重要。
所以没有电脑就不能生活,没有without,故答案是without。
(5)句意:但是现在到处都可以发它。
主语it 和find是被动关系,应使用被动语态,含有情态动词的被动语态是:情态动词+be+过去分词,故答案是be found。
(6)句意:我们可以用电脑读书、写信和购物,购物do shopping,固定搭配,故答案是shopping。
(7)句意:他们不知道他们真正的名字。
name名字,可数名词,根据their可知应使用复数形式,故答案是names。
(8)句意:他们对于结交不真实的朋友那么感兴趣,以致于不能把心思用在学习上。
be interested in,对……感兴趣,故答案是interested。
(9)句意:因为这个原因,他们中的许多人在许多课程山上跟不上其他学生。
because of
应因为,固定搭配,故答案是because。
(10)句意:但是同时,我们应该记住电脑和网络并不能够做所有的事。
at the same time,同时,固定短语,故答案是the。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。
最后通读一遍,检查验证。
2.He was ________ (mention) in the letter.
【答案】 mentioned
【解析】【分析】句意:他在这封信里被提到了。
mention是及物动词,根据句子机构可知是被动语态,be已经给出,行为动词使用过去分词mentioned,故答案是mentioned。
【点评】考查一般过去时,注意动词过去式的变化规则。
3.语法填空
The British love sending text messages. They________(send)more than 2.5 billion messages every month. And most people now understand the language of text, with its numbers and missing letters. In fact, when a student at a Scottish school wrote the whole article "in txt", his/her teacher________(give)him/her "C+4 f4t"("C+for effort").
Although texting is a cheap way of________in touch with your friends, it can also bring problems. In 2005, a British teenager became the________(one)person in the world to receive treatment for an addiction(沉)to text messaging. In one year, the nineteen-year-old spent about £4, 5005________ texts.
For some people, text messaging has ________(change)their lives. For example, James Trusler from Sussex in England travels around the world taking part in texting competitions and TV shows. He's the world's________(fast)texter and recently set a new world record while he________(appear)on Australian TV. He texted, "The razor-toothed piranhas of the genera Serraslmus and Pygocentrus are the most ferocious freshwater fish in the world. In reality they seldom attack humans."________took him 67 seconds. James sends a lot of text messages-about 2, 500 a month. But he doesn't get big bills ________(because)he works for a large mobile phone company!
【答案】 send;gave;staying;first;on;changed;fastest;was appearing;It;because 【解析】【分析】这篇短文讲述的是在英国很多人喜欢发短信,在发短信时使用的一些数字和省略的单词形式,现在很多人也都能看明白了。
发短信是一种比较便宜的方式,但同时也能带来问题,它甚至还改变了一些人的生活。
(1)句意:英国人喜欢发短信。
他们每月发送超过25亿条短信。
根据every month,可知时态是一般现在时,主语是they复数,故谓语是动词原形,故填send。
(2)句意:事实上,当苏格兰学校里的一个学生在整篇文章里写文本语言的时候,他的老师会给他一个C+ for effort(这也是一种文本语言)。
根据when a student at a Scottish school wrote 可知从句时态是一般过去时,give的过去式是gave,故填gave。
(3)句意:虽然发短信是一个和你的朋友们保持联系的比较便宜的方式,但是它也能带来问题。
stay in touch with,固定搭配,与......保持联系,of是介词其后是动名词,故填staying。
(4)句意:句意:在2005年,英国的一个青少年成为了世界上第一个因为沉溺于发短信而接受治疗的人。
根据the定冠词可知此处是序数词,first,第一,是序数词,故填first。
(5)句意:在一年里,一个19岁的青少年在发短信上花费了4,500英镑。
spend +金钱+on sth.,在某事上花费多少钱,故填on。
(6)句意:对于一些人们来说,发短信改变了他们的生活。
change是一个动词根据助动词has,可知时态是是现在完成时,故填changed。
(7)句意:他是世界上发短信最快的人。
根据 the world's 可知是最高级的标志,fastest,最快的,故填fastest。
(8)句意:最近他在参加澳大利亚的一个电视节目的时候,又创造了一个新的世界纪录。
根据while可知用过去进行时表示动作的持续,主语是he,助动词是was,故填was appearing。
(9)句意:只花费了他67秒的时间就发送了一篇短信。
It takes sb. +一段时间+to do sth,花费某人时间做某事,It是一个形式主语,故填It。
(10)句意:但是他不用付大额的账单,因为他在一个大型的手机公司工作。
James是世界上发短信最快的人,他发短信不用付账,这是因为他在手机公司工作,表示的是原因,because,因为,故填because。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。
4.语法填空
Last night I went to a concert of Chinese folk music. ________ piece which was played on the echo especially moved me. I was made________(feel)sad and painful ________(strong).The piece ________(name)Erquan Yingyue, but it was one of ________(move)pieces of music that I've ever heard. The echo sounded so sad ________ I almost cried along with it as I listened. Abing, ________ was a folk musician, wrote the music. He could play many musical ________(instrument) with his father's help. By age 17, he was known ________ his musical skills. Today, Abing's Erquan Yingyue is a piece which all the greatest echo masters play and praise. It ________(become)one of China's national treasures.
【答案】 The;to feel;strongly;was named;the most moving;that;who;instruments;for;has become
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者对二泉映月这首曲子的感受和了解。
(1)句意:回声中播放的那首曲子尤其打动我。
根据which was played on the echo可知做piece的后置定语,故piece表示特指用定冠词,位于句首首字母大写,故填The。
(2)句意:我强烈地感到悲伤和痛苦。
was made to do,固定搭配,被迫做,故填to feel。
(3)句意:我强烈地感到悲伤和痛苦。
副词修饰动词feel,strongly,是副词,强烈地,故填strongly。
(4)句意:这首曲子叫二泉映月,但它是我听过的最动人的乐章之一。
name和piece是被动关系,描述过去用一般过去时,主语是piece名词单数故助动词是was,故填was。
(5)句意:这首曲子叫二泉映月,但它是我听过的最动人的乐章之一。
one of是最高级的标志,was是系动词其后是形容词,修饰物用ing结尾的形容词,故此处是moving是多音节单词,最高级是the most+moving的形式,故填the most moving。
(6)句意:回声听起来如此悲伤,我听着几乎要哭了。
so...that,固定搭配,如此……以至于,引导结果状语从句,故填that。
(7)句意:阿炳是一名民间音乐家,他创作了这首音乐。
定语从句中缺少主语指代人阿炳故用who,故填who。
(8)句意:在他父亲的帮助下,他可以演奏许多乐器。
many修饰名词复数,故填instruments。
(9)句意:到17岁时,他的音乐技能已经广为人知。
be known for,固定搭配,因……而出名,故填for。
(10)句意:它成为中国的国宝之一。
现在完成时表示对现在的影响,或现在的结果,主语是it第三人称单数,故助动词是has,故填has become。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。
5.语法填空
The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a bell tower. It is famous for ________tilt (倾斜) 1o one side. Located behind the Cathedral of Pisa, the tower ________ (become) a symbol of Italy. It is one of ________ oldest buildings in Pisa's Cathedral Square.
The tower was not designed to lean, ________ because people built it on soft soils it gradually tilted to one side. Even though some people don't think the tower is a ________ (success)building because of its tit, the tower has won a special place in history. The tower has also been used for experiments by the famous Italian scientist ________ (call) Galileo Galilei.
Every year, ________ (million)of tourists flock to the tower to take the classic photo pretending(假装) to hold up or knock down the tower. Tourists can also climb the 294 steps to the top inside the tower. There are seven ________ (bell) on top of it. It is said that you must visit the Leaning Tower of Pisa during the day. At night the shops are closed and it looks just so-so. However, if you visit it on a full moon night, the tower ________ (look) fantastic.
When you plan ________ (visit)Leaning Tower of Pisa, you should not miss some other sights near it, including Santa Maria della Spina and the Guelph Tower.
【答案】 its;has become;the;but;successful;called;millions;bells;looks;to visit 【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章介绍了意大利著名的比萨斜塔,它位于比萨大教堂后面。
一开始设计的时候并不是斜的,因为地基的原因,慢慢向一侧倾斜。
虽然人们认为这不是一个成功的建筑,但是在历史上赢得了特殊的历史地位。
意大利著名科学家伽利略层在塔山做过著名的落地实验。
每年有成百万的游客来这里旅游,拍照。
(1)句意:它因向一侧倾斜而著名。
根据句意可知,这里的倾斜指塔本身的倾斜,使用与主语一致的物主代词its,故答案是its。
(2)句意:位于比萨大教堂的后面的斜塔成为了意大利的象征。
我们知道它已经成为了意大利的象征了,因此使用现在完成时,现在完成时的结构是have/has+过去分词。
主语the tower为第三人称单数,助动词使用has,故答案是has become。
(3)句意:它是比萨大教堂广场最古老的建筑之一。
oldest为形容词最高级,形容词最高级前使用定冠词the,故答案是the。
(4)句意:塔不是设计的时候就是斜的,但是因为人们把它建筑在软的土地上,慢慢地就向一边倾斜。
一开始设计的不是斜的,现在成为斜的了,与设计本身不符,因此使用转折词but连接,故答案是but。
(5)句意:即使人们因为倾斜不认为这是成功的建筑,但是它却在历史上赢得了特殊的地位。
success作定语修饰building,因此使用形容词successful,故答案是successful。
(6)句意:这座塔也曾被意大利科学家伽利略用来做实验。
call以及后面的Galileo Galilei 作后置定语修饰scientist,意思为被叫做,因此使用过去分词called,故答案是called。
(7)句意:每年,成百万的人游客聚集在塔前拍着经典照片,假装支撑着它,或者把它推倒。
millions of固定短语,成百万的,故答案是millions。
(8)句意:塔顶有七个钟。
bell钟,可数名词,根据seven可知应使用复数形式,故答案是bells。
(9)句意:然而,如果你在满月的时候去看斜塔,它看起来很迷人。
本句为一般性的叙述,应使用一般现在时,主语the tower是第三人称单数,谓语使用三单形式looks,故答案是looks。
(10)句意:当你计划参观比萨斜塔时,被忘了欣赏附近其他的风光。
plan to do sth.计划做某事,固定搭配,故答案是to visit。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。
最后通读一遍,检查验证。
6.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap. The ________ (cheap) thing has a basket of red fruit.
"How much per kilo?" the old man ________ (ask).
"Two rupees (卢比)," the shopkeeper answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing, ________ the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.
However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began ________ (burn), his eyes began to
water, and his whole face became as red ________ the fruit. As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and ________, screaming: "Ah! Ah! Ah!"
And yet he continued to eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook their ________ (head) and said, "You are crazy! Those are chili peppers (辣椒)!You can't just eat them by the handful!"
The old man said to ________ (he),"I paid for them, so I must eat them."
This old man seemed pretty stupid. But are we so much smarter? All of us have ________ (spend)money and time on something-maybe a relationship, or a business, or a job-and sometimes, even if we know there's no hope that things will change, we still continue with it. What we can learn ________ the old man is this: if you've lost a lot over something that doesn't work, let it go and move on. It's better than continuing to lose.
【答案】cheapest;asked;so;to burn /burning;as;down;heads;himself;spent;from
【解析】【分析】文章大意:这篇短文主要讲述了一个人因为贪便宜,买了一些根本不能作为水果的辣椒。
结果因为舍不得自己花的那些钱,坚持把它们吃完的故事。
从而告诉我们放弃某些东西比继续损失要好。
(1)句意:最便宜的东西有一篮子红水果。
cheap,便宜。
根据上文语句but most of it was very cheap. 提示可知,此句应该用最高级,故填cheapest。
(2)句意:“每公斤多少钱?”老人问。
ask,询问,由语句 An old man went to India. 提示可知此句要用一般过去时,故填asked。
(3)句意:所以这位老人买了整整一公斤,开始吃。
语句the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.是Two rupees in India is almost nothing, 的结果,故填so。
(4)句意:然而,他一开始吃东西,嘴巴就开始燃烧。
burn,燃烧;固定结构begin to do sth,开始做某事,故填to burn/burning。
(5)句意:整个脸变得像水果一样红。
固定结构as…as,与……一样,故填as。
(6)句意:他跳上跳下,尖叫着:“啊!啊!“啊!”固定短语,jump up and down,跳上跳下,故填down。
(7)句意:有些人看着他,摇摇头说:“你疯了!head,头,因前面some people,要用复数形式,故填heads。
(8)句意:老人自言自语道:“我付了钱,所以我必须吃。
”固定短语,say to oneself,因主语是he,故填himself。
(9)句意:我们所有人都把时间和金钱花在了一些事情上。
spend,花费,动词。
因前面有助动词have,其后要用过去分词,故填spent。
(10)句意:我们可以从这位老人身上学到的是……。
固定短语,learn from sb,向某人学习,故填from。
【点评】考查语法填空。
通读全文理解大意,然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。
7.阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
presents
【解析】【分析】文章大意:杰米从香港去西班牙的马德里旅行,这是他写给朋友的信,介绍了他在西班牙的的首都——马德里的行程。
(1)句意:从香港来这里的旅游很长且疲惫。
根据 but I made it ,可知句子时态为一般过去时,主语trip为单数,be的形式应使用was,故答案是was。
(2)句意:我们找到了一个便宜的简单地房间,比我们家里的房间小多了。
根据than可知应使用形容词的比较级,small的比较级为smaller,故答案是smaller。
(3)句意:它只有一张小床和淋浴,但是住进去相当舒服。
根据前后连句话的意思看,不是一致的,应使用转折连词过度一下,能够表示转折的词but,故答案是but。
(4)句意:每天天气晴好暖和,还有晴朗的蓝天。
clear blue skies作为伴随性的状语出现,应使用介词with连接,有……,表伴随,故答案是with。
(5)句意:在这里我找到了一个友好的导游,昨天领着我参观了城市。
结合语境考虑可知是导游领着我参观,我是被带领的,因此使用被动语态,被动语态的结构是be done,根据yesterday可知为过去时,be的形式为was,show的过去分词为showed或者shown,故答案是 was shown /was showed 。
(6)句意:明天他将带我去安达卢西亚去参观格拉纳达市。
I 在句中作take的宾语,应使用宾格人称代词,将I 改为me,故答案是me。
(7)句意:我迫不及待要看阿尔罕布拉宫和其他的名胜古迹。
can't wait to do sth.固定搭配,迫不及待做某事,应使用动词不定式,故答案是to see。
(8)句意:我也真的想品尝一下那里的美食——西班牙凉菜。
real修饰动词want,因此使用副词形式,real的副词为really,故答案是really。
(9)句意:一种凉汤,我听着就很特殊,kind可数名词,因为使用了单数形式,且起始音为辅音,应使用不定冠词a,故答案是a。
(10)句意:我将给你带回一些礼物。
present可数名词,根据some可知应使用复数形
式,故答案是presents。
【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格掌握其大意,然后根据文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,主意考虑句型,语法,搭配、语境等因素,最后通读一遍检查验证。
8.阅读下面短文,根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词),使文章意思完整、正确。
There are problems between teenagers and adults. Lack of________ (communicate)is one of them. As for teenagers, it can often be quite difficult to talk to our parents. It seems our parents are always telling us to study. We feel that our parents hardly understand us, so we tend to either talk to our friends________just keep quiet about our problems. We often fail________(see)that our parents care about us. This is a shame because we can actually learn a lot from________(they) experiences. We should not forget that our parents used to be teenagers too. They once________(face) many of the same problems and________(difficult).So try to be ________open-minded towards their opinions. Remember that our parents just want the________(good) for us. Take the time to sit down and________(real) talk to them.
They might provide you________some useful advice.
【答案】 communication;or;to see;their;faced;difficulties;more;best;really;with 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了孩子与父母件怎么沟通太有效。
(1)句意:缺乏交流是问题之一。
句中communicate是动词,作介词of的宾语,要用名词形式,communication交流,抽象名词,故填 communication。
(2)句意:是我们要么和朋友交谈,要么就对我们的问题保持沉默,either…or…要么……要么……,固定搭配,故填or。
(3)句意:我们总是看不到父母对我们的关心。
fail to do sth,不能成功地做某事,故此处是不定式,故填to see。
(4)句意:这很遗憾,因为我们事实上可以从他们的经历中学到很多东西。
修饰名词experiences,要用形容词性物主代词their ,they是主格,故填their。
(5)句意:他们曾经也遇到过相同的问题和困难。
描述过去要用一般过去时态,故填faced。
(6)句意:他们曾经也遇到过相同的问题和困难。
句中and连接并列结构,difficult要和前面的problems保持一致,用difficulties表达各种各样的困难,故填difficulties。
(7)句意:我们要努力用更开放的思维对待父母的观点。
be系动词后是形容词,此处暗含比较,故用比较级,复合形容词 open-minded前加more是比较级,故填more。
(8)句意:父母总想把最好的给我们。
the定冠词是最高级的标志,good的最高级是best,故填best。
(9)句意:花点时间坐下来和他们交谈。
副词修饰动词talk,real是形容词,副词是really,故填really。
(10)句意:他们可能会给你提供一些有用的建议。
provide sb with sth,固定搭配,提供某人某物,故填with。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,词性,连词,比较级搭配等多种用法。
9.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
How are American families different from Chinese ones?
In some ways American families are very different from Chinese ones, and in other ways they are ________ same. For example, American families enjoy family dinners. They support and love each other just ________ Chinese families do. The ________(different)come from culture, however. Many Chinese students are surprised to learn that American teenagers are ________(allow) to make many decisions ________ their own, and the parents want their children to leave home at eighteen.
In most American families, children are encouraged to make their own ________(choose) at a young age. They start with small choices and gradually larger ones until they graduate from high school. That is when they face ________(big) decision of their lives: what to do next. Parents and family will help with the choice, but the children themselves make the ________(finally)decision.
Americans seldom move back into family homes ________ they get older. ________, they prefer to have their own lives for as long as possible. It is important to remember that these are cultural differences, and that Americans see this as part of the culture.
【答案】 the;as;differences;allowed;on;choices;the biggest;final;when;Instead 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国家庭和中国家庭的不同。
(1)句意:在某些方面,美国家庭与中国家庭非常不同,而在其他方面,他们是一样的。
be the same,固定搭配,相同,故填the。
(2)句意:他们互相支持和爱,就像中国家庭一样。
just as引导方式状语从句,像……一样,故填as。
(3)句意:然而又有文化的不同。
the定冠词后是名词,根据谓语是动词原形come,可知主语是名词复数,different是形容词,difference是名词,故填differences。
(4)句意:许多中国学生惊讶地发现,美国青少年允许自己做很多决定,父母希望他们的孩子在18岁离开家。
be allowed to do,固定搭配,允许做某事,故填allowed。
(5)句意:许多中国学生惊讶地发现,美国青少年允许自己做很多决定,父母希望他们的孩子在18岁离开家。
make decisions on sth,固定搭配,做关于……的决定,故填on。
(6)句意:在大多数美国家庭中,孩子们被鼓励在年幼时做出自己的选择。
their形容词性物主代词后是名词,此处表示泛指用名词复数,choose是动词,choice是名词,故填choices。
(7)句意:那是他们面临人生最大的决定:下一步该做什么。
根据 of their lives 可知是最高级的比较范围,big是形容词,最高级前要有the定冠词,故填the biggest。
(8)句意:父母和家人会帮助他们做出选择,但是孩子自己会做出最后的决定。
decision 是名词其前是形容词,finally是副词,final是形容词,故填final。
(9)句意:美国人很少在他们长大后搬回家里。
根据 move back into family homes 和they get older 可知此处是时间状语从句,故表示当……的时候,故是连词when,故填when。
(10)句意:相反他们更喜欢尽可能长久地拥有自己的生活。
此处是副词位于句首,
move back into family homes 搬回家和prefer to have their own lives 拥有自己的生活,表示相反的两种结果,故填Instead。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法
10.阅读下面短文,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
People spend almost a third of their lives doing one thing—sleeping. Every year, there is a day for people around the world to celebrate the ________ (important)of good and healthy sleep—World Sleep Day.
Sleep is like food for the brain. Healthy sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop. People of different ages need different amounts of sleep. It is said that eight hours per night ________ (consider)the average amount of sleep. For students aged 10 to 17, a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night. However, last year, the China Youth and Children Research Center ________ (report)that about four ________ (five)of middle school students didn't get enough sleep. For some students, they want to sleep early, but they keep ________ (worry) about their schoolwork and can't fall ________ (sleep) quickly. A lack (缺乏)of sleep can greatly affect (影响)a person's life. Students who don't get enough sleep may get poor grades. They cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports.
________ (solve) this kind of problem, scientists advise that students should have ________ (little)schoolwork and more time to sleep. There are some other ways to help people get enough sleep, such as ________ (take) a 20-minute nap (午睡) during the day, trying to go to sleep earlier and so on . Good sleeping habits are also ________ (help). For example, try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends and during the day.
【答案】importance;is considered;reported;fifths;worrying/worried;asleep;To solve;less;taking;helpful
【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文是一篇与睡眠有关的短文,讲述了睡眠与健康的关系,不同年龄的人需要不同的睡眠时间,中国青少年学生的睡眠现状以及解决措施等。
(1)句意:每年,世界各地都有一个节日来庆祝良好健康睡眠的重要性——世界睡眠日。
由前面的定冠词the,可知此处应填入一个名词,important是形容词“重要的”,与其对应的名词是importance“重要”,故答案填importance。
(2)句意:据说每晚8小时的睡眠时间被认为是平均睡眠时间。
由题干可知主语eight hours与动词consider之间存在被动关系,所以应用被动语态,文章时态为一般现在时,时间作主语谓语动词用单数,所以be动词用is,consider的过去分词是considered,故答案填is considered。
(3)句意:然而,去年中国青少年研究中心报道。
由last year可知,动词时态用一般过去时,report的过去式为reported,故答案填reported。
(4)句意:大约五分之四的中学生睡眠不足。
这里考查分数的表达方法,在英语中一般用基数词表示分数的分子,用序数词表示分数的分母;当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式,所以五分之四的正确书写是four fifths,故答案填fifths。
(5)句意:对于一些学生来说,他们想早点睡觉,但是他们总是担心他们的学业。
keep doing sth.或者keep+形容词,都表示“使…处于某种状态”,worried,是形容词,故答案填
worrying/worried。
(6)句意:他们不能很快入睡。
联系上文语境,结合提示词可知此处句意为“他们不能很快入睡。
”“入睡”fall asleep,固定词组,前面有情态动词can't,所以这里用动词原形,故答案填asleep。
(7)句意:为了解决这类问题。
这里应用动词不定式表示目的,故答案填To solve。
(8)句意:科学家建议学生应该少做功课,多睡觉。
根据后面的more time to sleep可知此处应表达的是“作更少的功课”,句中暗含比较级,little的比较级为less,故答案填less。
(9)句意:比如白天小睡20分钟。
such as意思是“比如”,as是介词后接动词ing形式,故答案填taking。
(10)句意:良好的睡眠习惯也很有帮助。
前面有系动词are,后接形容词作表语,help“帮助”,动词,与其对应的形容词是helpful“有帮助的、有益的”,故答案填helpful。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。