高中英语黄金阅读新闻类(3)

高中英语黄金阅读(高一版)
三、新闻类（3）
(11)
American doctors say that mothers who smoke cigarettes before their babies are born may slow the growth of their babies’ lungs. They say reduced lung growth could cause the babies to suffer breathing problems and lung disease later in life. Doctors in Boston, Massachusetts studied 1 100 children. The mothers of some of the children smoked, the other mothers did not. Doctors found that the lungs of the children whose mothers smoked were 8% less developed than the lungs of the children whose mothers did not smoke, and that the children whose mothers smoked developed 20% more cold and breathing diseases than other children later in life.
Another recent study found that children had a greater chance of developing lung cancer if their mothers smoked. The study also showed that the danger of lung cancer increased only for sons and not for daughters, and that the father’s smoking did not affect a child’s chance of developing lung cancer.
1. Mother who smokes before her child is born may _______.
A. slow the growth of her baby’s lung
B. cause her baby to suffer breathing problems and lung disease later in life
C. make her child develop lung cancer
D. All of above are right
2. Doctors in Boston studied 1 100 children to _______.
A. examine whether these children were healthy
B. find out whether their mothers had smoked
C. find why these children suffered breathing problems and lung disease
D. look into the effect that mother’s smoking had on their children
3. Suppose John’s father was a heavy smoker, so was Mary’s mother. According this passage, _______.
A. John is more likely to develop lung cancer
B. Mary is more likely to develop lung cancer
C. John and Mary have the same chance to develop cancer
D. neither John nor Mary has the chance to develop cancer
4. This passage is to _______.
A. warn us of the danger of smoking before children
B. warn people with breathing problems not to smoke
C. warn us that mothers who smoke may affect their children’s health
D. warn us that fathers who smoke may affect their children as mothers
(1—4 DDAC)
【答案与解析】本文介绍了母亲吸烟对孩子身体健康的影响。

1. D。

推断题。

根据文章第1 段第一、二句及第2 段第1 句可推知此题答案为D。

2. D。

推断题。

根据文章第1 段中介绍Doctors in Boston 的实验结果，可推知此题答案为D。

3. B。

推断题。

文章第2 段说：最近另一项研究发现，如果母亲吸烟，那么孩子得肺
癌打骂能性会增大。

研究还表明：儿子得肺癌的危险性增加，而女儿没有；父亲吸烟对小孩得肺癌的可能性无影响，从而可推知此题答案为B。

4. C。

主旨题。

根据文章第1 句、最后一句及全文内容可推知此题答案为C。

(12)
You can not see any object unless light from that object gets into your eyes. Some of the things you see give off light of their own. The sun, the stars, a lighted lamp are examples that can be seen by their own light. Such things are luminous. Most of the things you see are not giving off light of their own. They are simply reflecting light that falls on them from the sun or some other luminous bodies. The moon, for example, does not give off any light of its own. It is non-luminous. You see it because sunlight falls on it and some of it reflects in our direction. So moon light is only second hand sunlight.
When you look at a book, it sends to your eyes some of the light which falls on it, and you see the book. If light could be kept out from where you are so that there would be no light for the book to reflect, then you could not see the book even with your eyes wide open.
Light travels so fast that the time in which it travels from the book you are reading to your eyes is so short as if there were no time at all. Light reaches us from the moon, which is about 380 000 kilometers away, in only a little more than a second.
1. You can see the book because_______.
A. your eyes are close to it
B. it reflects some of the sunlight
C. it has light of its own
D. your eyesight can get to it
2. The underlined word “luminous” means_______.
A. visible
B. all colors
C. giving off light
D. sunlight
3. ________ have light of their own.
A. The sun and the moon
B. The stars and the earth
C. The sun and the stars
D. The moon and the earth
4. Which of the following is true?
A. All the things you can see give off light.
B. Light from the book is much shorter than that from the moon.
C. The moment you open your eyes the light from the book travels to your eyes.
D. Light travels so fast that there is no time for you to read.
(1—4 BCCC)
【答案与解析】本文介绍了光的种类及其特征。

1. B。

细节题。

根据文章第文章第2 段第1 句…it sends to your eyes some of the light which falls on it可推知此题答案为B。

2. C。

词义猜测题。

根据文章第2 段第2 句Some of the things you see give off light of their own 和第4 句Such things are luminous 可推知此题答案为C。

3. C。

推断题。

根据文章第1 段第3 句The sun, the stars, a lighted lamp are examples that can be seen by their own light可推知此题答案为C。

4. C。

推断题。

根据文章最后一段第1 句Light travels so fast that the time in which it travels from the book you are reading to your eyes is so short as if there were no time at all 可推知此题答案为C。

（13）
After a hole was made in a cork(软木塞), a narrow glass tube was pushed into it and the cork was pushed into the neck of a bottle filled with colored water. On doing this, some of the colored water rose in the tube. The level of the colored water in the tube was marked. Then the bottle was placed into a basin of hot water. Almost at once the water level in the tube fell a little but then it began to rise until the water overflowed.
1. Which of the following drawings shows the right water level in the tube as soon as the bottle was put into a basin of hot water? (M=mark)
the experiment?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
3. The experiment seems to prove that _______.
A. the volume(体积) of liquids can increase more than that of solids when they are heated
B. the volume of solids can increase more than that of liquids when they are heated
C. some liquids and solids get bigger when they become hot
D. all liquids and solids don’t change their shape when they become hot
【答案与解析】这是一篇对做一简单实验步骤的说明。

1. A。

细节题。

由文章最后两句Then the bottle was placed into a basin of hot water. Almost at once the water level in the tube fell a little but then it began to rise until the water overflowed 可知答案为A。

2. B。

细节题。

从文中第二段“水开始上升，直到最后流了出来”可知B项为正确答案。

3. C。

推断题。

从实验结果“水因受热膨胀最后流了出来”可知答案选C。

(14)
As people continue to grow and age, our body systems(系统) continue to change. At a certain point in your life your body systems will begin to weaken. Your strength may become weaker. It may become more difficult for you to see and hear. The slow change of aging causes our bodies to lose some of their ability to bounce back from disease and injury. In order to live longer, we have always tried to slow or stop this change that leads us toward the end of our lives.
Many factors(因素) decide your health. A good diet plays an important role. the amount and type of exercise you get is another factor. Your living condition is yet another. But scientists studying aging problem want to know: Why do people grow old? They hope that by studying the aging medical science they may be able to make the length of life longer.
There is nothing to be afraid of as old age comes. Many consider the later part of life to be the best time for living. Physical activity may become less, but often you get better understanding of yourself and the world.
What we consider old age now may only be middle-aged some day soon. Who knows, with so many advances in medical science happening so quickly, life length may one day be measured in centuries, rather that in years!
1. When people become aging, they will lose some of their ability to bounce back from disease and injury, “bounce back” here means _______.
A. to escape from disease and injury
B. to improve one’s health after one’s disease and injury
C. to jump backward
D. to run fast
2. Many consider the later part of life to be the best time of living because ______.
A. they consider their life has been a successful one
B. they have come through the battle of life safely
C. they have less misunderstanding of themselves and the outside world
D. they have nothing to do all day long only to watch their grandchildren growing up around them
【答案与解析】人人都会变老，但不用害怕。

随着医药科技的高速发展，将来人的年龄会以世纪计算呢。

1. B。

词义猜测题。

人老了，就会丧失一些机能，如果得了病或受了伤，当然会难以恢复或愈合。

3. C。

语义理解题。

因为第3段最后一句话…but often you get better understanding of yourself and the world。