2023-2024学年山东泰安人教版中考专题英语中考真卷习题及解析

2023-2024学年山东泰安人教版中考专题英语中考真卷
1.阅读理解
第1题.
My name is Sam. I joined a club called "passing help" last month. Now let me tell you why I joined it.
One evening this May, on my way home my old car broke down
（出故障）. It was 25 miles from my home. I wanted to get a ride, but there was no car. It was also hard to take a taxi. I decided to take a bus home. I went to a bus stop nearby.
After a while, a bus came, but it did not go to my town, the bus driver was a young woman. She was kind and she told me which bus I should take. I waited there for about thirty minutes, but no bus came. At last a car came to me and a woman came out of the car. She was just the bus driver.
"When I reached the bus station, I got to know that the bus to your town couldn't come, so I returned here. I just can't leave you here," she said, "Get in my car and I will take you back to your home."
"It is a long way." I said.
"Come on, sir," she said. "Let's go."
On the way she told me a story. A few days ago, there wasn't gas
（汽油）in her car. An old man drove her up to a gas station and then back to her car.
When we got to my home, I wanted to give her some money to thank her, but she didn't accept her. "I only want to help others and do something nice for somebody. Pass it along." She said.
（1）What happened to Sam one evening this May?
A: He lost his way.
B: His car broke down.
C: He was hurt in an accident.
D: He couldn't reach the gas station.
（2）Sam didn't think of going home ________ that evening.
A: by train
B: by bus
C: by car
D: by taxi
（3）From the passage, we know that the young woman was ________.
A: a club boss
B: a taxi driver
C: a bus driver
D: a gas station worker
（4）The young woman wanted Sam to ________
A: give her some money.
B: get on her bus.
C: take her to her house.
D: help others just as she did.
【答案】BACD
【解答】
（1）B 细节理解题。

根据第二段One evening this May, on my way home my old car broke down
（出故障）.可知，今年五月的一个晚上，在萨姆回家的路上，萨姆的旧车出现故障。

故答案为B。

（2）A 细节理解题。

根据第二段I wanted to get a ride, but there was no car. It was also hard to take a taxi. I decided to take a bus home. I went to a bus stop nearby.可知，萨姆想要搭便车，但没有汽车，打出租车也很困难，萨姆决定坐公交车回家。

因此萨姆去了附近的公交站。

由此可知萨姆没有考虑坐火车回家，故答案为
A。

（3）C 细节理解题。

根据第三段After a while, a bus came, but it did not go to my town, the bus driver was a young woman.过了一会，一辆公交车来了，但它不到我的城镇，公交司机是一个年轻的女司机。

可知，这个年轻的女人是一个公交车司机。

故答案为C。

（4）D 推理判断题。

本文主要讲述了作者的车在路上出现故障，一直打不到车，一
位女司机用自己的车将他带往目的地，女司机也说到别人帮她的事情。

文章用两人的亲身经历来说明要将帮助他人的良好作风继续保持下去，故年轻的女士希望萨姆像她一样帮助别人。

即D项符合题意。

故答案为D。

第2题.
Waste can be seen everywhere in the school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say they can afford these things. But I don't agree with them.
Waste can bring a lot of problems. Although China is rich in some resources
（资源）, we are short of
（缺乏）others, for example, fresh water
（淡水）. It is reported that we will have no coal
（煤）or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the future and where can we move? I think we should say no to the students who waste things every day. Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible.
In our everyday life, we can do many things to prevent waste from happening, for example, turn off the water taps
（水龙头）when we finish washing, turn off the lights when we leave the classroom, try not to order more food than we need, and so on. Little by little, everything will be changed. Waste can be stopped one day if we do our best.
（1）From the passage we know that some students often ______ in the school.
A: eat too much
B: don't work hard
C: waste things
D: throw rubbish everywhere
（2）Which is not mentioned in this passage?
A: Fresh water.
B: Forest.
C: Oil.
D: Coal.
（3）What may happen in 100 years?
A: We may still have enough oil.
B: We may still have enough coal.
C: We may have a little oil.
D: We may have no coal or oil to use.
（4）Which of the following is right?
A: Waste brings problems.
B: Waste can bring no problem.
C: China is rich in fresh water.
D: Students never waste things.
【答案】CBDA
【解答】
（1）C 细节理解题。

根据第一段内容：在学校浪费现象随处可见。

有些学生要的食物比他们吃的多，而另一些学生离开教室时常常忘记关灯。

可知，一些学生在学校经常浪费东西。

C项与文意相符。

（2）B 推理判断题。

根据第二段Although China is rich in some resources, we are short of others, for example, fresh water. It is reported that we will have no coal or oil to use in 100 years. 可知，文中提到了淡水资源，煤资源和石油资源。

全文并未提及森林资源。

B项与文意不符。

（3）D 细节理解题。

根据第二段It is reported that we will have no coal or oil to use in 100 years. 可知，100年后将没有煤或者石油可用了。

D项与文意相符。

（4）A 细节理解题。

根据第二段Waste can bring a lot of problems. 可知，浪费
是会带来很多问题的。

A项与文意相符。

第3题.
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

Raisins
（葡萄干）are in ice cream, in chocolate, and in cookies our favorite snacks can't be without raisins!
But do you know how people get raisins from full and juicy grapes? Dry （晒干）them in the sun? Well, that may be one way. But people from Xinjiang have another way.
People there build many "blockhouses
（碉堡）" near a grape garden.
People build many "blockhouses" on the hillside. The "blockhouses" are usually three meters tall and are as big as the size of a classroom. They're quite different from the houses we live in. They have lots of holes
（洞）in the wall. Inside there are many wooden shelves
（木架子）.
After picking the grapes, people put them on the shelves. Because of the hot weather, hot dry wind gets through the holes in the wall and dries the grapes up. 30 to 45 days later, the fruit will turn into sweet raisins.
In around the year 533, people in Xinjiang started to, send raisins as presents to the emperor
（皇帝）. This means that about 1,500 years ago, people began to know how to make raisins!
（1）How many ways are there to make raisins according to the passage? ______
（2）Do people in Xinjiang dry grapes in the sun? ______
（3）Where do people build "blockhouses" in Xinjiang? ______
（4）Why are the "blockhouses" different from the houses we live in? ______ （5）What size are the "blockhouses"? ______
【答案】'
（1）Two ways.'"
（2）No, they don't. "'
（3）They build them near a grape garden or on the hillside.\xa0
（4）Because they have lots of holes in the wall.'"
（5）They're three meters tall and are as big as the size of a classroom."
【解答】
（1）Two ways. 根据文章第二段Well, that may be one way. But people from Xinjiang have another way.可知，这可能是一种方法。

但是新疆人有另一种方式。

所以有两种方式。

故答案为Two ways.
（2）No, they don't. 根据文章第五段中After picking the grapes, people put them on the shelves. Because of the hot weather, hot dry wind gets through the holes in the wall and dries the grapes up.可知，摘完葡萄后，人们把它们放在架子上。

由于天气炎热，干热的风从墙上的洞里吹进来，把葡萄吹干了。

所以新疆人不是通过阳光来晒葡萄。

故答案为No, they don't.
（3）They build them near a grape garden or on the hillside. 根据文章第三、四段People there build many "blockhouses
（碉堡）" near a grape garden. People build many "blockhouses" on the hillside. 可知，人们葡萄园附近或者是山坡上建造许多碉堡。

故答案为They build them near a grape garden or on the hillside.
（4）Because they have lots of holes in the wall. 根据文章第四段They have lots of holes
（洞）in the wall.可知，碉堡不同于我们居住的房子的原因是因为在墙上有很多洞。

故答案为Because they have lots of holes in the wall.
（5）They're three meters tall and are as big as the size of a classroom. 根据文章第四段The "blockhouses" are usually three meters tall and are as big as the size of a classroom.可知，它们有三米高，和教室一样大。

故答案为They're three meters tall and are as big as the size of a classroom.
第4题.
Colors can affect our feelings, so knowing the secrets of colors can help us choose the right colors in our homes.
It's normal to see red in Chinese rooms. It's our favorite color. It means happiness and luck. But if your bedroom is also red, you may can't sleep well. It's an active color and makes us want to exercise.
Orange is a good choice
（选择）for dining room. People like getting together and talking to each other in an orange room.
If you are a student, ask your parents to paint
（油漆）your study yellow. Yellow can make you think more quickly and more carefully. You may become more confident about yourself.
You probably don't know most of the walls of the rooms in the hospitals are blue. Why? Because blue can make sick people feel calm. Sick people can have a good rest and become better soon. So use it in your bedroom and you can have a sweet sleep.
（1）If we see red, we may want to ________.
A: sleep
B: exercise
C: study
D: talk
（2）We should use orange in our ________.
A: dining room
B: bedroom
C: kitchen
D: study
（3） ________ can help people think more quickly and more carefully.
A: Red
B: Orange
C: Blue
D: Yellow
（4）How many colors are mentioned（提及）in the passage?
A: 3
B: 4
C: 5
D: 6
（5）The best title（标题）is ________.
A: How Color Feels in the Room.
B: People's FavoriteColor.
C: Colors and Health
D: Colors and study
【答案】BADBA
【解答】
（1）B 细节理解题。

根据第二段It's an active color and makes us want to exercise.
（它是一种活跃的颜色，让我们想运动。

）可知如果我们看到红色，我们可能想要运动。

故选B。

（2）A 细节理解题。

根据第三段Orange is a good choice
（选择）for dining room.
（橙色对于餐厅来说是一个好的选择。

）可知我们应该在我们餐厅里用橙色。

故选A。

（3）D 细节理解题。

根据第四段Yellow can make you think more quickly and more carefully.可知黄色能让人们思考得更快、更仔细。

故选D。

（4）B 细节理解题。

根据文章内容可知，第二段提到了红色，第三段提到了橙色，第四段提到了黄色，第五段提到了蓝色。

共计四种颜色。

故选B。

（5）A 标题归纳题。

通读全文内容并根据文章首句Colors can affect our feelings, so knowing the secrets of colors can help us choose the right colors in our homes.
（颜色会影响我们的感觉，所以了解颜色的秘密可以帮助我们在家里选择正确的颜色。

）引出下文在日常生活中各种颜色的作用。

B、C、D项只是概括了颜色的某一方面，A项更全面，最适合作本文标题。

故选A。

第5题.
阅读短文，并按照要求完成下面的小题。

Television is one of the greatest technological inventions of the 20th century. A Scottish man called John Logie Baird invented it. Inventors in the USA and Europe were working on electronic television systems but Baird used
a mechanical（机械的）system. In 1925, he was able to send the first black and white picture—of the head of a doll—from one end of his flat（公寓）to the other. He then used a local office boy, not the doll, and this teenager was the first person ever to appear on TV.
In January 1926, Baird invited scientists to his flat and showed them his invention. He called it a "televisor". Later that year, Baird started the world's first TV station and gave it the name TV. In 1927, he sent images（图像）730 kilometers from London to Glasgow using telephone cables（电缆）. A year later, his company sent the first transatlantic（大西洋彼岸的）TV images from London to New York. Baird made the first television programmes for the BBC in 1929. These programmes had sound, not just pictures.
However, Baird's system was very limited（有限的）and basic. A totally electronic American system was more popular and practical. The inventor of this electronic system was an American, Philo Farnsworth. In 1936, the BBC started using Farnsworth's system because the picture was better than Baird's.
More and more people had televisions after the Second World War. Color TV began in the USA in the 1940s but only a small number of people had color televisions in their houses. They were very expensive. In Britain and the USA, the first regular（有规律的）color TV programmes only began in 1967.
Now in the 21st century, we have digital（数字的）television. TV has changed a lot since the face of a boy appeared on TV in John Logie Baird's flat!
（1）题完成句子；（2）、（3）题简略回答问题；（4）题归纳文章的主题；（5）题将文中划线句子译成汉语。

（1）In January 1926, Baird invited scientists to his flat to see ______.
（2）Who was the first person to appear on TV?
______
（3）When did color televisions go into their houses in the USA?
______
（4）The passage mainly tells us about ______.
（5）______
【答案】'
（1）his invention', '
（2）A local office boy.', '
（3）In the 1940s.', '
（4）the development of the television', '
（5）电视是20世纪最伟大的科技发明之一。

'
【解答】
（1）his invention 根据第二段中In January 1926, Baird invited scientists to his flat and showed them his invention.可知，Baird邀请科学家们来他的公寓是要向他们展示他的发明，故填his invention。

（2）A local office boy. 根据第一段最后一句He then used a local office boy, not the doll, and this teenager was the first person ever to appear on TV.可知，第一个出现在电视上的人是一个在办公室工作的当地男孩，故填A local office boy.
（3）In the 1940s. 根据第四段的第二句Color TV began in the USA in the 1940s but only a small number of people had color televisions in their houses.可知，20世纪40年代，彩色电视开始进入美国人们的家庭，故填In the 1940s.
（4）the development of the television 通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是电视的发展历程，故填the development of the television。

（5）电视是20世纪最伟大的科技发明之一。

one of the greatest意为最伟大的……之一，technological inventions意为科技发明，century世纪，故填电视是20世纪
最伟大的科技发明之一。

2.七选五
第6题.
根据短文内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意
思通顺，内容完整。

Beating the Winter Blues
Does your mood（情绪）change with the seasons?
Some people find that when the temperature goes down, so do their spirits. Those people sometimes feel sad for no reason. They eat more and put on weight. They have trouble sleeping. They can't think clearly. This is the winter blues.
（1）______.
Get out in the sun. Some experts say that the winter blues happen because we get less sunlight in winter than we do in other seasons. They say that the decrease（减少）in sunlight can make us feel sad
（2）______.
Get some exercise. Taking a walk or doing some exercise will make chemicals（化学物质）called endorphins（安多酚） in your body. Endorphins are natural "feel good" chemicals.
（3）______. Avoid having too much sugar. If you prefer sweet food, like cookies or candy, it may be a sign that you need more protein, like meat, chicken, or fish.
Reduce（减少）stress. Cut back if you have too many things to do. Make sure you have some quiet time to yourself
（4）______. Don't be so busy that you get run down.
Get help. If you feel sad all the time and the feeling won't go away, you may have a bigger problem than the winter blues
（5）______, or get help from a doctor.
A. Get some rest
B. Eat healthy food
C. Talk to a friend you trust
D. Here are some ways for you to beat the winter
blues
E. Getting more sunlight each day can help you
feel better
【答案】'D', 'E', 'B', 'A', 'C'
【解答】
（1）D 根据第四段至第八段开头Get out in the sun.出去晒太阳。

Get some exercise.多做运动。

Avoid having too much sugar.不要多吃甜食。

Reduce
（减少）stress.减少压力。

Get help.寻求帮助。

可知下文就冬季忧郁症给出了一些建议。

结合选项可知D项这里有一些方法能帮助你克服冬季忧郁症符合题意。

（2）E 根据前句They say that the decrease
（减少）in sunlight can make us feel sad.他们说阳光的减少会让我们感到悲伤。

结合选项可知E项每天获得更多的阳光能帮你感觉更好符合题意。

（3）B 根据后句Avoid
（避免）having too much sugar.避免吃太多的糖。

结合选项可知B项吃健康的食物符合题意。

（4）A 根据前句Make sure you have some quiet time to yourself.确保你自己有一些闲暇时间。

结合选项可知A项多一些休息符合题意。

（5）C 根据前句Get help. If you feel sad all the time and the feeling won't go away, you may have a bigger problem than the winter blues.寻求帮助。

如果你一直感到悲伤，而且这种感觉不会消失，你可能遇到了比冬季抑郁更严重的问题。

结合选项可知C项和你信任的朋友聊天符合题意。

3.书面表达
第7题.
上周六，你和你们班同学去养老院做义工。

请根据要点和要求，用英语写一则日
记把这次活动记录下来。

提示：
1. 你们是如何去养老院的；
2. 你们在那里做了什么；
3. 你的感受是什么。

要求：
1. 文中不要出现所在学校的校名和师生姓名；
2. 词数80词左右（格式已给出，不计入总词数）。

June 6th, Sunday ______
【答案】
June 6th, Sunday
It's sunny today. My classmates and I went to the old people's home by bus at 8:00 am. It took us half an hour to get there.
After we arrived there, some of us started to clean the room, and some washed clothes for the old people. As for me, I read some interesting stories for them. Time went quickly. We stayed there for about three hours and took the bus to go back home at 11:30 am.
What a great day! I think the old people need love and I'll visit them often.
【解答】【高分句式与表达】
What a great day!
多棒的一天啊！
本句为感叹句。

What引导的感叹句结构为What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数
（+主语+谓语）!和What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词
（+主语+谓语）!；How引导的感叹句结构为How+形容词/副词
（+主语+谓语）!。

这里这里的中心词为可数名词单数day，不定冠词an和形容词great修饰名词day，所以这里用What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+
（主语+谓语）!的结构。

4.填空题
第8题.
根据中文提示完成英语句子，注意单词的适当形式
（1）Gina loves ______（西红柿）and carrots.
（2）Her school trip ______（听起来）really nice and great.
（3）Fruits and vegetables are ______ (health) food.
（4）September is the ______ (nine) month of the year.
（5）I have math on Monday, Tuesday and ______（星期三）.
【答案】'
（1）tomatoes
（2）sounds\n
（3）healthy\n
（4）ninth
（5）Wednesday'
【解答】
（1）tomatoes 考查名词的数。

句意：Gina喜欢西红柿和胡萝卜。

空处与后面的carrots为并列成分，前没有修饰词，此处表示泛指，因此应用名词复数形式tomatoes。

（2）sounds 考查动词第三人称单数。

句意：她的学校旅行听起来真好真棒。

主语为trip，单数，因此空处应用三单形式sounds。

（3）healthy 考查形容词。

句意：蔬菜和水果是健康食品。

空处修饰名词food，应用形容词，health名词，表示健康，形容词形式为healthy，健康的，符合句意。

（4）ninth 考查序数词。

句意：九月是一年的第九个月。

此处表示第九，应用序数词ninth。

（5）Wednesday 考查专有名词。

句意：我在周一，周二和周三有数学课。

根据句意和汉语提示，应填Wednesday，Wednesday是专有名词，星期三。

5.语法填空
第9题.
从方框中选择恰当的单词填空，每个单词只能用一次，每空一词。

while interested Suddenly eating Before mouth told else drove sh owing
The story happened when I was nine years old. One Sunday morning, I was （1）________ a piece of cake in my brother's bedroom. There were a lot of coins（硬币）on his bed. I played with them（2）________ eating. The TV was （3）________ a cartoon at that time. I became（4）________ in it and forgot about everything around me
（5）________, I realized that I put a coin in my（6）________. Then, I began coughing and ran into the living room. My mother heard me coughing and came over to me
（7）________ she could get to me, I did one strong cough and swallowed（吞咽）the coin! Once I could speak, I（8）________ my mother that I swallowed a coin.
My mother was shocked. She（9）________ me to the hospital at once. The doctors helped to get the coin out.
From then on, I never did anything（10）________ when eating.
【答案】'
（1）eating', '
（2）while', '
（3）showing', '
（4）interested', '
（5）Suddenly', '
（6）mouth', '
（7）Before', '
（8）told', '
（9）drove', '
（10）else'
【解答】
（1）eating 考查现在分词。

此处表示我正在我哥哥的卧室里吃一块蛋糕，应用eating。

（2）while 考查连词。

此处表示我在吃蛋糕时玩它们
（硬币），空处表示在……时，应用while。

（3）showing 考查现在分词。

根据空后的at that time在那时可知，此处为过去进行时，基本结构为：was/were+现在分词，所以空处应为现在分词，结合空后的cartoon，可知，此处表示电视正在演动画片，应用showing。

（4）interested 考查形容词。

此处表示我开始对它
（电视上播放的动画片）感兴趣，应用interested。

（5）Suddenly 考查副词。

空处为副词，修饰空后的句子，结合所给词，表示我突然意识到我把一枚硬币放进我的嘴里，应用suddenly，空处位于句首，首字母要大写，及Suddenly。

（6）mouth 考查名词。

根据前文说我看着动画片，并吃着蛋糕，可知，我突然意识到自己把一枚硬币放进了嘴里，应用mouth。

（7）Before 考查连词。

根据语境可知，此处表示在妈妈到我这边之前，我一直剧烈的咳嗽，并吞咽着硬币，空处表示在……之前，空处位于句首，首字母要大写，应用Before。

（8）told 考查一般过去时。

根据语境可知，此处表示一旦我能说话了，我就告诉妈妈我吞了一枚硬币，空处表示告诉，应用told。

（9）drove 考查一般过去时。

根据语境可知，此处表示妈妈立刻开车送我去医院，时态为一般过去时，固定搭配drive sb to开车送某人去，空处应用drove。

（10）else 考查形容词。

结合所给词及语境可知，此处表示从那时起，当吃东西时我从未做其他任何的事了。

空处表示其他的，应用else，修饰不定代词，置于其后。