课件3：Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars

For several billion years after ③________ “Big Bang”， the earth was still just a cloud of dust. What ④________ was to become was ⑤ ________(certain) until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago ⑥ ________ the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth became so violent ⑦________ it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. It ⑧________(explode) loudly with fire and rock. They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, ⑨ ________ were to make the earth's atmosphere. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear ⑩ ________ its surface.
11．熟悉；掌握；理解__g_e_t _th__e_h_a_n_g__o_f ______________ 12．对……有害___b_e__h_a_r_m_f_u_l_t_o_/d__o_h_a_r_m__t_o_______ 13．太阳系______s_o_la_r_s_y_s_t_e_m________________ 14．二氧化碳___ca_r_b_o_n__d_i_o_x_id_e_________________ 15．将要做_____b_e__to__d_o____________________
Ⅳ.语法过关 主语从句
1．________ he considered a great proposal was turned down by the boss at the meeting.
答案：What 考查主语从句。句意：他认为很好的一个提 议在会议上被老板否定了。空处引导主语从句，在从句中作宾 语，不指人，故填what。
⑨universe n. 宇宙Leabharlann ⑩launch vt. 发射
⑪explore vt. 探索；勘探
⑫solar adj. 太阳的
⑬shuttle n. 航天飞机
⑭globe n. 地球；球体
2．表示“性格良好”的形容词荟萃
①gentle
温和的
②easygoing 随和的
③outgoing 外向的
④frank
2．________ is known to all is that the Diaoyu Islands have belonged to China since ancient times.
答案：What 考查名词性从句。句意：钓鱼岛自古就属于中国， 这是大家都知道的。what引导的是主语从句，并在主语从句中作 主语。
3．What is even ________(important) is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on ________ surface.
更为重要的是，地球冷却了下来，地球的表面就开始出现了 水。
4．So ________ life will continue on the earth for millions of years ________(come) will depend on whether this problem can ________(solve)．
Ⅴ.语篇填空 No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago. However, according to a ①________(wide) accepted theory, the universe began ②________ a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.
10．__t_h_u_s___ adv.因此；于是→ (同义词)_t_h_e_r_e_fo_r_e_/_c_o_n_se_q_u__en__tl_y_/h_e_n_c_e__ 11．__e_x_i_s_t __ vi.存在；生存→_e_x_is_t_e_n_c_e n．生存；存在 12．___p_u_l_l __ n．& vt.拉；拖→(反义词)_p_u_s_h____ n．& vt.推 13．__u__n_li_k_e_ prep.不像；不同→(反义词)__l_ik_e____ prep.像 14．___g_l_o_b_e_ n．地球；球体→__g_l_o_b_a_l_ adj.环球的；全球的 15．__v_io_l_e_n_t_ adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→_v_i_o_le_n_c_e_ n．暴力
我立刻高兴起来，由于失重，我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着 (身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。
答案：1.It; to 2.to become; until; when 3.more important; its 4.whether; to come; be solved 5.floated; watching; larger
5．It makes his life quite different ________ he has received higher education abroad.
答案：that 考查主语从句。本句中的it是形式主语，真正 的主语是“that he has received higher education abroad”。
16．允许某人做某事____a_ll_o_w__s_b_.t_o_d__o_s_t_h_. ____________ 17．对……感到惊讶____b_e__a_m_a_z_e_d__a_t ________________ 18．在……的氛围中___in__t_h_e_a_t_m_o_s_p_h_e_r_e__o_f ___________ 19．奠定基础_____la_y__th__e_f_o_u_n_d_a_t_io_n____________ 20．一连串的_____a__c_h_a_in__o_f__________________
4．It remains to be seen ________ this plan is practical enough to keep the project going.
答案：whether 考查主语从句。句意：这个计划是否足够 实用，以使这个项目继续下去还有待观察。it是形式主语，真 正的主语是whether引导的从句。whether“是否”，符合句意。
直率的
⑤generous 慷慨的
⑥upright 正直的
3．un前缀高频形容词全接触
①like→unlike
不像的
②able→unable
不能……的
③acceptable→unacceptable 不能接受的
④believable→unbelievable 不可相信的
⑤certain→uncertain
不确定的
⑥clear→unclear
不清楚的
⑦comfortable→uncomfortable 不舒服的
⑧fair→unfair
不公平的
Ⅱ.高频短语 1．及时_________i_n__ti_m__e________________ 2．下蛋_________la_y__e_g_g_s________________ 3．生；分娩________g_iv_e_b__ir_t_h_t_o______________ 4．轮到某人；接着_____in__o_n_e_'_s _tu__rn_________________ 5．阻止某人做某事___p_r_e_v_e_n_t_s_b_._fr_o_m__d_o_i_n_g__st_h_.______
16．_s_y_s_te_m___ n．系统；体系；制度→_s_y_s_te_m__a_t_ic__ adj.系统的； 有系统的
17．_h_a_r_m__fu_l_ adj.有害的→__h_a_r_m___ n．损害；伤害→(反义 词)_h_a_r_m__le_s_s adj.无害的
18．_t_h_e_o_r_y__ n．理论；学说→_t_h_e_o_r_et_i_c_a_l adj.理论上的；理论 的→__th_e_o_r_e_t_ic_a_l_ly_ adv.理论上
6．挡住______b_l_o_c_k_o_u_t__________________ 7．感到高兴；振作____c_h_e_er__u_p_____________________ 8．既然_______n_o_w__th_a_t__________________ 9．爆发______b_r_e_a_k_o_u__t _________________ 10．密切注视；当心；提防___w_a_t_ch__o_u_t_(_f_o_r_) ________
B．归类巧记
1．与“太空”有关的高频单词集锦
①astronomy n． 天文学
②astronomer n. 天文学家
③astronaut n.
宇航员
④gravity n. 万有引力
⑤satellite n. 卫星
⑥planet n. 行星
⑦orbit n. 轨道
⑧spaceship n.
宇宙飞船
Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．________ was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental ________ the development of life. 水会对生命的发展起关键作用，这一点在当时并不太明显。 2．What it was ________(become) was uncertain ________ between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago ________ the dust settled into a solid globe. 它会变成什么，当时还没有人知道，直到38至45亿年前，这 团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球体。
一轮复习
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Ⅰ.单词速记 A．快速识记
1．_s_a_te_l_li_t_e_ n．卫星 2．_c_li_m__a_te__ n．气候 3．_s_p_a_c_e_sh_i_p__ n．宇宙飞船 4．_g_r_a_v_it_y__ n．引力；重力 5．_a_t_m_o_s_p_h_e_r_e_ n．气氛；大气层
3．—What has made John look like lacking sleep? —________ he had to prepare for the coming exam and stayed up last night. 答案：That 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，答语是回答 上面句子中的主语“What”的，故此句是一个主语从句，缺少引导词， 而引导词在从句中不充当成分，故用“That”。
19．_p_u_z_z_l_e__ n．谜；难题 v．(使)迷惑→_p_u_z_z_li_n_g_ adj.令人困惑 的→__p_u_z_z_le_d_ adj.困惑的
20．_f_u_n_d_a_m__e_n_t_a_l adj.基本的；基础的→_fu_n_d_a_m__e_n_t_a_ll_yadv.根本 上；从根本上→f_u_n_d_a_m__e_n_t_/f_o_u_n_d_a_t_i_o_n n．基础；根本
6．__re_l_ig_i_o_n_ n．宗教→_r_e_l_ig_i_o_u_s adj.宗教的 7．__b_io_l_o_g_y_ n．生物→__b_io_l_o_g_is_tn．生物学家 8．_p_h_y_s_i_cs__ n．物理→_p_h_y_s_i_c_is_t n．物理学家 9．_a_s_tr_o_n_o_m__y_ n．天文学→_a_st_r_o_n_o_m__e_r n．天文学家
所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于 这个问题能否得到解决。
5．I cheered up immediately and ________(float) weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin ________(watch) the earth become smaller and the moon ________(large)．