2021年黑龙江省大庆实验中学高三英语期中试题及答案

2021年黑龙江省大庆实验中学高三英语期中试题及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
China has 410K5Gbase stations
China built 257,000 new 5G base stations in the first half of the year, according to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT).
Shipments of 5G phones reached 8623 million unis in China, with 5G package users hitting 66 million by the end of June, said Wen Ku, head of information and communication at the ministry.
To give full play to the commercialization of 5G, more policies should be implemented to boost the vitality of the market, Wen said, adding that international cooperation in 5G technology, industry and application should be strengthened.
AG600 seaplane’s test flight
Kunlong, China’s homegrown AG600 large amphibious aircraft, conducted its first sea-based test flight on Sunday morning, marking a new milestone in the program.
The AG600 is China’s second amphibious aircraft, after the SH-5, which was developed in the 1970s for military purposes and has been retired for a long time.
These specifications make it the world’s biggest amphibious aircraft, surpassing Japan’s ShinMaywa US-2 and Russia’s Beriev Be-200.
Once in service, it will put an end to the absence of a large rescue aircraft in China and will be very useful in the national emergency rescue and disaster relief systems.
Beidou products land abroad
According to Ran Chengqi, director general of China Satellite Navigation Office, Beidou has been constantly deepening its compatibility, interoperability and cooperation with the US’ GPS, Russia’s GLONASS and the EU’s Galileo. It has also entered international organizations of civil aviation, maritime affairs, search and rescue satellites and mobile communication.
BDS-based services have been successfully applied in land mapping, precision farming, digital development and smart port construction in member countries of ASEAN, South Asia, Eastern Europe, West Asia and Africa.
1. What can we learn from this passage?
A. The total number of 5G phones has reached a new level.
B. Kunlong, unlike SH-5, is not just for military purposes.
C. Technologies mentioned above need more cooperation with others.
D. BDS-based services have been provided for users in many countries.
2. Which of the following is most probably related to agriculture?
A. 5G phones
B. BDS-based services
C. AG600 seaplane
D. Beriev Be-200
3. If your friend did a course in marketing management, he may choose a job in a ________.
A. 5G technology related market
B. large amphibious aircraft
C. BDS-based project
D. China Satellite Navigation Office
B
When Jennifer Doudna was in sixth grade, she came home one day to find that her dad had lefta book titled The Double Helix on her bed. She put it aside, thinking it was one of those detective tales she loved.
On a rainy Saturday, she picked up the book. As she sped through the pages, she became fascinated by the drama, which encouraged her to explore nature's wonders. Even though her high school teacher told her that girls didn't become scientists, she decided she would.
She worked with a biologist, Charpentier, to turn a curiosity of nature into an invention—an easy-to-use tool that can edit DNA. Known as Crispr, the tool will transform the human race. James Watson, the author of The Double Helix, later told her it was the most important biological advance: since he and Francis Crick discovered the structure of DNA.
For this achievement, Doudna and Charpentier were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020. Until now, only five women, beginning with Marie Curie in 1911, had won or shared the Nobel for Chemistry out of 184 award winners. When this year's prize was announced, Dr. Charpentier said it would provide a message specifically to young girls who would like to follow the path of science and to show them that women can also be awarded prizes.
A few decades from now, if it becomes possible and sate to edit DNA, should we allow parents to improve the IQ and physical strength of their kids? Should we let them decide eye color1 ? Skin color1 ? Height? After helping to discover Crispr, Dr. Doudna has become a leader in considering these moral issues. That's the main message we should take from this Nobel: New technologies can be a huge benefit to the human race, but in order to make sure they are used wisely, it's important for people to understand them.
4. Jennifer Doudna decided to become a scientist because,__________
A. her father pushed her
B. a book inspired her
C. her teacher encouraged her
D. James Watson motivated her
5. Dr. Doudna was awarded the Nobel Prize because,__________.
A. she wrote the book “The Double Helix"
B. she discovered the structure of DNA
C. she is a hardworking woman scientist
D. she helped invent a tool for editing DNA
6. According to passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. The two women's success will inspire more girls to be devoted to science.
B. Since 1911, there have been 184 people who won the Nobel for chemistry.
C. If girls follow the path of science, they will surely achieve their goals.
D. Crispr will make a big difference to the human race.
7. Which words can best describe Jennifer Doudna?
A. Determined and responsible.
B. Ambitious and humorous.
C. Cruel and indifferent.
D. Fearless and stubborn.
C
14 days. That’s the time Chinese scientists took to identify the full genetic sequence of the novel coronavirus (新冠病毒) since its outbreak. It was shared with the WHO immediately, and has now become an important foundation for global researchers in the fight against the COVID-19. But first, let us turn the clock back 17 years, when it took months to identify the SARS virus. From months to 14 days, what changed? It turns out AI played an important part.
The scientists first obtained bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (支气管扩张灌洗液) samples from patients, isolated (分离) the DNA and RNA, then sequenced the genetic material by comparing them. AI’s advantage is its ability to recognize patterns among a flood of data.
Let me put it in a simple way. Sequencing the coronavirus genome (基因组) is similarto looking for a needle in a haystack (干草堆)---looking for genotypes (基因型) with specific characteristics from a huge gene pool. That’s where search algorithm (算法), a branch of modern AI, comes in. Think of it as an efficient search engine, which can find the needle in the haystack. This search algorithm can shorten months-long genetic sequencing to weeks or even just a few days. Combined with macro-genomic sequencing and a virus library, this AI technology can also be used in tracking virus mutation (突变).
AI doesn’t just support scientists. It can also help patients by improving the efficiency of diagnosis (诊
断).Chinalaunched a Genomics Service, which can run multiple virus gene comparisons and produce a detailed report within 60 seconds. This algorithm hasbeen put into use inChinaand shared to the world for free.
8. AI’s advantage is that it can ________.
A. slow down the spread of coronavirus
B. separate DNA from RNA
C.identify specific genotypes rapidly
D. obtain samples from patients quickly
9. The search algorithm helps shorten the time of genetic sequencing by __________.
A. finding a needle in a haystack
B. serving as a search engine
C. combining with a virus library
D. tracing virus mutation
10. What do we know about the Genomics Service in the last paragraph?
A. It has been widely used in the world.
B. It is mainly based on blood test.
C. It is for fast diagnosis of COVID-19.
D. It is used to track COVID-19 patients.
11. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. 14 Days---ChinaMade it!
B. AI Assists in COVID-19 Fight
C. Search Algorithm, Best Choice
D. China’s Genomics Service
D
Poaching and habitat loss have threatened Africa's two species of elephants, taking them closer toward the edge of disappearance, according to a new report released by the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN).
Before this update, Africa's elephants were grouped together and were evaluated as vulnerable by the IUCN. This is the first time the two species have been sorted separately. In the past, elephants were mostly considered as either Asian elephants or African elephants. Forest and savanna elephants were typically classified as subspecies of African elephants.
The African forest elephant is now listed as critically endangered and the African savanna elephant as endangered. The number of African forest elephants fell by more than 86% over a 31 -year assessment period. The population of African savanna elephants dropped by at least 60% over the last 50 years, according to the IUCN, which tracks the assessment risk of the world's animals. Africa currently has an estimated 415,000 elephants, counting the two species together.
Both elephant species experienced significant population decreases because of poaching. Although it peaked in 2011, illegal hunting still happens and continues to threaten elephant populations. African elephants also face continued habitat loss as their land isconvertedfor agriculture or other uses.
There is some good conservation news, the IUCN points out. Anti-poaching measures, combined with better land use planning to support better human-wildlife relationships, have helped conservation efforts. Some forest elephant population figures have stabilized in well-managed areas in Gabon and the Republic of Congo and savanna population figures have remained stable or have been growing, particularly in the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area in southern Africa.
But with constant demand for ivory and increasing human pressures on Africa's wild lands, concern for Africa's elephants is high, and the need to creatively conserve and wisely manage these animals and their habitats is more severe than ever.
12. What can be inferred from the new report about African elephants?
A. They are divided into three kinds.
B. They are dying out.
C. Their threat is mainly from poaching.
D. Their population has grown in Africa.
13. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 3?
A. The detailed number of African elephants.
B. The similarities of African elephants.
C. The different types of African elephants.
D. The present situation of African elephants.
14. What does the underlined word "converted" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Expanded.
B. Protected.
C. Transformed.
D. Forbidden.
15. What's the authors attitude to the present situation of African elephants?
A. Hopeless.
B. Optimistic.
C. Uncertain.
D. Worried.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项When someone moves into the neighborhood, it’s a good opportunity to make a friend.____16____. So making the first move will be a welcome gesture.
____17____.
Make the first step by paying a visit to your neighbors. Make your visit brief at first, just a few minutes, so you don’t completely overwhelm（压倒，淹没）them in the beginning. Once you break the ice, conversations will be easier to go forward. Your neighbors will tend to ask you for things about the area, get restaurant suggestions, or just gossip about their day,____18____. They’ll want to know about some new children in the neighborhood they can play with, too.
____19____.
Offer to show them around your area by pointing out the grocery stores, playgrounds and restaurants. This is
an especially good option for inward individuals, who can enjoy the conversation when you introduce your neighborhood. End your tour with a stop at the coffee shop, where you can buy them a cup of coffee before heading home.
Invite them to a community event.
____20____? This will help you welcome the new people and anyone else you haven’t connected with yet in your neighborhood. You can do this by having a block party or inviting them to a community event,a farmers’ market, a library sale, or something similar.
A.Have dinner with them
B.Give them a walking tour
C.Introduce yourself and say hello
D.If you have kids, be sure to bring them along
E.Some people feel comfortable inviting new people over for a home-cooked meal
F.Your neighbors will want to get acquainted (熟识的) with everyone and even the whole new community
G.What can be a better way to get closer to your neighbors than by inviting them to an event.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Tonnie, a 12-year-old boy, was walking alone on the street. It was 10 pm. What caused Tonnie to run away from home was that his mom asked him about his low grades in the recent____21____. Tonnie had a careless attitude and didn’t____22____in a nice way. She scolded him, but Tonnie quarreled with her without____23____he was at fault. The____24____ended so bad that Tonnie left their____25____in a storm with his eyes filled with tears.
He walked for more than two hours, tired and hungry. Suddenly, he was____26____by a sweet smell from a small noodle shop.
He realized there was not even a coin in his pocket. With a____27____face, he decided to____28____. However, the shop owner saw him and asked him to stay for some food.
Tonnie explained he had no____29____, but the shop owner smiled and said he wouldn't_____30_____him for any. He prepared a hot bowl of delicious noodles for Tonnie. Tonnie_____31_____him from his heart and promised him that he would return his_____32_____.
Tonnie was in tears when he ate the noodles. The shop owner asked Tonnie what had happened, Tonnie told him about the quarrel with his mother.
The shop owner asked Tonnie. ''Do you feel you_____33_____me something? ''
Tonnie said, ''Yes. Of course! This is a great_____34_____. You know I was very_____35_____as I ate nothing from the noon! ''
The shop owner smiled, ''Good my dear! Now think about your mom. She cooked for you. She washed your clothes. She_____36_____you with all her heart. She was always there for you when you needed her. And she_____37_____quarreled with you just for your own good. Don’t you feel you owe a lot to her? '' Tonnie realized his_____38_____. He thanked the shop owner and rushed to his home. He saw his mother searching for him on the street with tears in her eyes. He felt very_____39_____and hugged her, begging her_____40_____.
21. A. creation B. exam C. judgment D. questionnaire
22. A. answer B. greet C. complain D. explode
23. A. insisting B. explaining C. forecasting D. understanding
24. A. quarrel B. class C. prayer D. conference
25. A. restaurant B. school C. house D. hotel
26. A. affected B. attracted C. surprised D. terrified
27. A. curious B. neat C. strange D. sad
28. A. quit B. enquire C. order D. stay
29. A. right B. time C. food D. cash
30. A. bring B. find C. ask D. select
31. A. praised B. appreciated C. stimulated D. congratulated
32. A. loss B. friendship C. patience D. kindness
33. A. offer B. award C. owe D. pay
34. A. pity B. help C. deal D. problem
35. A. starving B. confused C. contradictory D. content
36. A. took hold of B. kept up with C. took care of D. looked forward to
37. A. almost B. even C. still D. never
38. A. importance B. dream C. transformation D. fault
39. A. regretful B. embarrassed C. excited D. helpless
40. A. permission B. support C. forgiveness D. apology
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Researchers at the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research show how the interaction (交互) between remembering and forgetting in the brain____41.____(allow) us to make more intelligent decisions____42.____(base) on memory. They published a new review paper in the journalNeuron.
Forgetting makes us smart by working with memorizing____43.____the following ways, the researchers say. First, letting go of outdated information lets us adapt to new situations. By forgetting the old and potentially misleading information, we can adapt to new environments____44.____(easy). Second, forgetting also makes decision-making simple. We just remember the important information which makes it easy for us____45.____(make) wise decisions.
What and how much we remember can____46.____(decide) by our environments, For example, a lawyer or a designer with a set of clients will likely remember____47.____(they) names for a longer period of time, A cashier who has a changing sea of____48.____(customer) every day will only remember names for a short amount of time.
The researchers point out that the motto is true: If you don’t use it, you lose it. But as____49.____review paper shows, it can be a good thing. Clearing out the information you don’t need can help make room for the important things,____50.____can make you become more intelligent.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.改错（格式要求）
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。

There was an art festival in our school last weekend. A majority of students take an active part in it. I was so excited, for it was first time for me to join in such a festival.
Early in the morning, there were much people coming to our school, make the art festival so lively. We gave a warmly welcome to the guests. I walked around and appreciated the painting. All the works were from the students and I was so impressing by them. There were also some handcrafts, which was so creative. Though we were busy with our studies most of the time, some students still managed to developing their hobbies. I should
learn from them and develop a hobby as well as.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

续写的词数应为150左右。

A water bearer had two large pots, each hung on each end of a pole which he carried across his neck. One of the pots had a crack in it, and while the other pot was perfect and always delivered a full portion of water at the end of the long walk from the stream to the master's house, the cracked pot arrived only half full.
For a full two years, this went on daily, with the bearer delivering only one and a half pots full of water in his master's house. Of course, the perfect pot was proud of its accomplishments, perfect to the end for which it was made. But the poor cracked pot was ashamed of its own imperfection and miserable that it was able to accomplish only half of what it had been made to do.
After two years of what it perceived to be a bitter failure, it spoke to the water bearer one day by the stream. "I am ashamed of myself, and I want to apologize to you". The bearer asked, "Why? What are you ashamed of? " The pot replied, "For these past two years I am able to deliver only half of my load because this crack in my side causes water to leak out all the way back to your master's house. Because of my flaws, you don't get full value for your efforts".
The water bearer felt sorry for the old cracked pot, and in his compassion, he said, "As we return to the master's house, I want you to notice the beautiful flowers along the path." As they went up the hill, the old cracked pot took notice of the sun warming the beautiful wild flowers on the side of the path, and this cheered it somewhat. But at the end of the trail, it still felt bad because it had leaked out half its load, and so again it apologized to the bearer for its failure.
Paragraph 1:
“Did you notice that there were flowers only on your side of your path, but not on the other pot's side? ” The bearer said to the pot.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
We're all cracked pots and each of us has our own unique flaws.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. D
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. D
6. C
7. A
8. C 9. B 10. C 11. B
12. A 13. D 14. B 15. A
16. F 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. G
21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32.
D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C
41. allows
42. based 43. in
44. easily 45. to make
46. be decided
47. their 48. customers
49. the 50. which
51.(1). take—»took
(2). first 前加the
(3). much→many
(4). make-making
(5). warmly→warm
(6). painting→paintings
(7). impressing→impressed
(8). was→were
(9). developing→develop
(10).删除第二个as
52.略。