中国“物流”的三十多年

中国“物流”的三十多年
王之泰
【期刊名称】《中国流通经济》
【年(卷),期】2014(000)012
【摘要】现代物流概念、理论、方法进入我国已经三十多年了，目前已被社会各
界广泛接受。

回顾我国物流三十多年的发展过程，大体可划分为三个时期：1978-1984年前后的学习引进期、1984年前后到20世纪末的探索期、21世纪初开始
至今十余年的发展期。

在学习引进期，一方面是学习探讨物流相关概念和理论，另一方面是考察和推介发达国家物流学科及管理经验，这对物流概念的宣传和普及起到了重大作用并一直延续至今，但物流领域现存的许多问题也可追溯到学习引进期，如物流中计划经济的体制病以及物流概念乃至管理机构及制度上存在的混淆。

在探索期，我国曾在一些经济领域推行国外引进的物流经验并尝试在体制、运行、研究等方面取得突破，当然其中也遭受了相当大的挫折和失败，特别是深受旧的经济体制之害，对此必须正确认识和评价。

在发展期，受物流供给需求急剧增加与经济体制改革推动，现代物流被赋予重要地位，国民经济相关部门开始规划和促进现代物流的发展，并形成了一些重要文件。

物流已经被我国经济体制所接纳，现代物流发展体制继续完善，促成了我国物流业大好的发展局面，取得了实实在在的成就，物流教育迅速推开，物流媒体和信息大量增加，物流企业遍布全国。

为保持并促进我国物流业快速健康发展，必须重视其中存在的问题。

其中，第一个是关于“量”的问题。

目前我国大量的物流企业并非真正意义上的现代物流企业，与现代物流企业的要求相比还存在很大差距，这是需要我们特别重视的问题。

第二个是关于“面”的问题。

三十多年来，我国物流发展重宏观轻微观，较多偏重社会流通领域的物流
活动和物流管理，而轻视生产领域的物流活动和物流管理。

而从理论上讲，生产企业从物流管理中挖掘成本与利润的潜力，会自然诞生对社会物流的需求，这是市场经济体系下推动社会物流发展的主要推动力，必须注意到我国物流发展轨迹方面存在的不同之处。

总之，三十多年来，我国物流业发展得非常快，但积累的问题也相当多，今后发展的任务更加艰巨，需要我们努力为之。

%It has been more than thirty years since the entry of concept,theory and method of modern logistics into China. By reviewing the development of logistics during that period,it can be divided into such three stages:the learning and introduction stage from 1978 to 1984,the exploration stage from 1984 to the end of the 20th century,and the development stage from the beginning of the 21th century to today. One of the jobs in the first stage is to discuss logistics related concepts and theories,the other is to study and introduce the related experiences of advanced countries,which plays an important role in advertise and popularize logistics related concepts;but the existing problems with logistics can also be traced back to this stage. In the exploration stage,we tried to practice logistics in some economic fields and tried to make some breakthroughs in terms of system,operation and research;and we should fully understand and evaluate defeats we have suffered in this stage. In the development stage,drove by the sharp increasing logistic supply and demand and economic institutional reform,we attached more attention to modern logistics;national economy related departments began to make plans to promote the development of modern logistics and formulate some important documents. Logistics has been accepted by China's economic system;and a great situation of China's
logistics has been formed with the help of the improved modern logistic development. In the future,to further maintain and promote the rapid and healthy development of China's logistics industry,we must pay more attention to the following existing problems. The first is about the "volume". At present,so many logistic enterprises are not the real modern logistic enterprises;and there are huge gaps between the existing logistic enterprises and real modern logistic enterprises,which should be paid more attention to. The second is about"field". During the past more than thirty years,we paid more attention to macro aspects,but less to micro aspects;namely we paid more attention to social circulation related logistic activity and management,but less attention to manufacturing related logistic activity and management. Theoretically speaking,the potential of manufacturing enterprises to dig out cost and profit from logistic management will naturally lead to demand of social logistics , which is the major driving forces of social logistic development. We must notice that there are some differences in the development track of China's logistics. In a word,during the past more than thirty years,China's logistics has been quickly developed;meanwhile,there are so many unsolved problems demanding our efforts.
【总页数】5页(P8-12)
【作者】王之泰
【作者单位】北京物资学院，北京市101149
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】F259.22
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