学生B4--M2

Book 4 Module 2 Traffic Jam
Designed by Sun Juan
Period 1. Reading and Vocabulary
1.Preview the words in the box and complete the following sentences with the words，using proper forms when necessary.
cab, fare, lane, trolleybus, traffic, coach, permit, helicopter, underground, return, route, single, receipt, destination, passenger
(1) Yesterday he took a ____ to work. But on the way, the driver had an accident.
(2) In every city of China, there are bicycle _____- for bicycle riders.
(3) ___ use electricity as power.
(4) You break the law if you drive without a driving______.
(5) The roads are too crowed. Why not use the ________?
(6) Trolleybuses follow certain _____ every day to pick up passengers.
(7) After you buy something from a shop, you will be given a_____ for your payment.
(8) In traveling, the place you want to go to is your_____ .
(9) A long distance bus is called a _____.
(10) He was so angry that he could not say a ____ word.
Suggested Answers:
(1) cab (2) lanes (3) Trolleybuses (4) permit (5) underground
(6) routes (7) receipt (8) destination (9 )coach (10) single
2. Language Points
1.Simply raise your hand ,and a taxi appears in no time .只要你招招手，马上就会有出租车开过来。

(= If you simply raise your hand, a taxi appears in no time.)
◆该句用了“祈使句+ and / or+ 陈述句”结构。

在这个结构中祈使句起条件状语从句的作用。

如：
①Follow your doctor’s advice ,or your cough will get worse.
②Work hard ,and you’ll succeed.
◆in no time （= at once, very quickly）一会儿,马上。

如：
I’m sure that I can learn how to use the computer in no time.
in time: 及时Will we be in time for the six o’clock train?
on time: 按时We should go to school on time
2.You should check the cab has a business permit, and make sure you ask for a receipt.你要确保出租车有营业执照，并且一定要索取发票。

If you get on a double-decker bus, make sure you sit upstairs. 如果你坐双层车，一定要坐在上面的一层
You should talk to the driver, and make sure you know the price before you begin the journey…你要先交涉好，走之前先弄清楚价格。

◆这三个句子中均涉及到了make sure 的用法：
make sure 确保，保证,务必，弄确实，查明。

后面可加of 构成“make sure of sth”词组，也可接that从句。

如：
① I remember that the plane takes off at 7 am, but you had better make sure.
②When you leave the classroom, make sure that the door is locked.
③Have you made sure of the time of the train?
3.Public transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing.
provide vt. 向某人供应某物；供给，提供
provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth
supply sth to sb= supply sb with sth
The government provides / supplies these orphans with food and clothes.
Our parents provide food for us.= Our parents supply food to us.
4.. It’s a good idea to avoid public transport during the rush hour.
It is + a (an) + n. + to do sth.
it：形式主语; to do sth.：真正的主语
It’s our duty to deal with this matter. 处理这件事是我们的责任。

It’s a mistake to have rejected the plan. 否定了这个计划是个错误。

It’s your turn to recite the text. 下面该轮到你背课文了。

4. Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city centre.
limit: n. 界限，限度
vt. 限制，限定，作为……的界限
We must set a limit to the expense of the trip. 我们必须对这次旅行费用定一个限度。

I’m willing to help you___________.我愿意有限度地帮助你。

I’ll help you____________.我会无限度地帮助你
5. You’ll have a good view of the rapidly changing city.
have a view of: 看到
have a good view of: 对……有很好的看法; 能很好地看见……
have a bird view of: 鸟瞰，俯视
I don’t __________________ the stage.我看不清舞台。

Seeing from the top of the mountain, you can _____________________ the whole city
从山顶看，你可以很好地俯视整个城市。

6. There are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are under construction.
under construction: 正在建设当中
◆under 一词后常跟名词，表示主语所处的状态
The road is under repair.
These are the problems under discussion.
Don’t worry ---- everything is under control!
7. Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing.如果你想逛逛老北京的胡同，坐三轮车是再合适不过了。

be worth doing sth:值得做某事……(主动表被动）
①His suggestion is worth considering.
②New York is a city worth visiting.
③He said this book was well worth reading. 他说这本书很值得一读。

sth be worthy of doing sth. → sth be worthy to be done “值得做某事”的意思，如：
His suggestion is worthy of being considered.→ His suggestion is worthy to be considered.
Period 2. Function Giving advice.
You should do …
Make sure you do …
It’s a good idea to do …
类似表达还有：You had better do …
Why not do …?/ Why don’t you do …?
What about…?/ How about…?
Shall I / we do…?/ Let’s do …
Period 3. Grammar 祈使句（Imperatives）
(1) 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令。

祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。

祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。

如：
Go and wash your hands. （去洗手。

——命令）
Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.）（请安静。

——请求）
Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和善。

——劝告）
Watch your steps. （走路小心。

——警告）
Look out！Danger！（小心！危险！—强烈警告）
Keep off the grass. （勿践草坪。

——禁止）
祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，如：
You go and tell him, Chris. （克立斯你去告诉他。

）
(2) 表现形式
Do 型（以行为动词开头）
Stand up!
Don’t stand up! / Never stand up!
Be 型（以be动词开头）
Be careful.
Don’t be late./ Never be late.
Let型（以let开头）
Let him in.
Don’t let him in.
注意：用“Let’s”时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用“Let us”时，并不包括对方，如：Let’s go now, shall we?
Let us do it by ourselves, will you?
★有些可用no开头, 用来表示禁止性的祈使句。

如:
No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼！
★加强祈使句语气的方式: 在谓语前+ do / you
Do be patient!
Do write back when you receive his letter.
Tom, you clean the room.
★How to make imperatives more polite?
◆Will you / Would you / Could you + 动词原形?
◆句末, + please?
◆句末, + will you / shall we?
◆Why not do something?
◆Why don’t you do something?
◆You’d better do something.
◆Suppose / Supposing ….
◆I suggest ….
例如：
◆Open the window, please.
◆Will you go fishing with me this afternoon?
◆Would you do me a favor?
◆Could you show me how to get to the railway station?
◆Hand the dictionary to me, will you?
◆Let’s go out for a walk, shall we?
◆Why don’t you get something to drink?
◆I suggest we (should) take the train.
语法小练兵
1.Don’t be discouraged. _________ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your
life .
A. Taking
B. To take
C. Take
D. Taken
2.____________, I think, and the problem can be settled.
A If you make your efforts
B So long as you make your efforts
C Making great efforts
D A bit more efforts
3. Mary, ________here ---everybody else, stay where you are.
A. come
B. comes
C. to come
D. coming
4. Go and join in the party . _________ it to me to do the washing—up .
A. Get
B. Remain
C. Leave
D. Send
5. —Alice, you feed bird today, _____?
—But I fed it yesterday.
A. do you
B. will you
C. didn’t y ou
D. don’t you
6. —Be sure to get there on time, ____ you?
—Of course. We ____.
A. will; will
B. won’t; shall
C. don’t; do
D. can; swim
7. —The new windows need washing.
—Well, let’s wash them together, ____?
A. shall we
B. will you
C. should we
D. would you。