外研版英语必修一同步解析3.1

Section ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.核心单词
1．approach v. 走近，靠近
2．chat n. 闲谈，聊天
3．focus v. (把……)集中(于)
4．respect v. 尊敬，敬重
5．income n. 收入，收益
6．studio n. 录音室，演播室
7．court n. 法院，法庭
8．soccer n. 足球
9．roll v. 滚动
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1．assume v．假设，认为→assumption n．假设
2．ignore v．忽视，不理→ignorance n．无知→ignorant ad j.无知的，不了解的
3．professional adj.职业的→profession n．职业
4．talent n．天赋，才能→talented adj.天才的，有才华的5．option n．选择→optional adj.可选择的
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．as_well_as 和，也，又
2．turn_to 转向，救助于
3．go_to_university 去上大学
4．in_surprise 惊讶地
5．be_interested_in 对……感兴趣
6．in_the_end 最终，最后
7．be_proud_of 对……感到自豪
8．take_one's_advice 采纳某人建议
9．jump_in_with_both_feet 全心投入
10．make_friends 交朋友
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．Oh look, here_comes my boy.
哦看，我儿子过来了。

2．You just assume I want to be a lawyer, but that's_only _because you are a lawyer.
你只是假设我想要做一名律师，但那仅仅是因为你是律师。

3．Why_don't_you also take my advice and think carefully before jumping in with both feet?
何不采纳我的建议，在全心投入之前仔细思考呢？
1.What did the son told the father?
A．He wanted to go to university.
B．He wanted to have a career in music.
C．He would become a lawyer.
D．He would listen to the father's advice.
答案：B
2．How did the father think of the job as a lawyer?
A．A lawyer is respected and has a good income.
B．Working as a lawyer is fun.
C．A lawyer works in a studio.
D．A lawyer is better than a soccer player.
答案：A
3．Which of the following is similar to “jump in with b oth feet？”
A．give up
B．begin something
C．focus one's attention on
D．a kind of sport
答案：C
4．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The son would give up music.
B．The son would become a lawyer.
C．The son may try to go to university and play music at the same time.
D．The boy and the father agreed with each other at last.
答案：C
►重点单词和短语
1．approach v．接近，靠近n．途径，方法，接近
①As I approached the house, I noticed a light on upstair s.
我走近那幢房子时，注意到楼上有灯光。

②As Teachers' Day was approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day.
教师节日益临近，我们班决定举行聚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。

③All approaches to the town were blocked.
所有去城里的路都被堵住了。

[即学即练]单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)At the meeting they discussed three different approaches to the study of mathematics.
(2)Our_approach frightened the birds.
我们的接近吓坏了这些鸟。

2．chat n．聊天vi.聊天，闲谈
(1)have a chat with sb. 与某人聊天
(2)chat with sb. 与某人聊天
①I like to chat online and to meet new people in chat ro oms.
我喜欢网上聊天，在聊天室结识新朋友。

②I like to chat with her now and then.
我喜欢偶尔和她聊一聊。

[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)I enjoy a chat with a friend about football.
(2)When I was in trouble, I often had a_chat_with (与……聊天) my teacher.,
熟词生义：
approach还可以做“与……打交道”的意思。

The staff soon found the new manager easy to approach.
员工很快发现这位新经理平易近人。

图形助记：
词缀助记
[动]～sume→[名]～sumption
assume 假定，承担→assumption
consume 消费，消耗→consumption
presume 假定，认为→presumption
名言趣味记忆：
Never assume, for it makes an ASS out of U and ME.
永远不要主观臆断，因为那会使你我成为蠢驴。

易错提示
respect作“问候”讲时，常用复数
Give my respects to your father.
代我向你父亲问好。

易混辨析：
respect的三个形容词区别
respectable adj.值得尊敬的
respectful adj.恭敬的
respective adj.各自的
谚语助记
The learned ask questions though they know much; the ig norant don't though they know nothing.
知识渊博的人，懂了还要问；不学无术的人，不懂也不问。

,
3.assume vt.假设，设想，承担
(1)assuming that... 假设……
It is assumed that... 人们认为……
(2)assumption n. 设想，假设
on the assumption that... 在假设……基础上
(3)assumed adj. 假定的
①So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in th ese caves, regardless of the cold.
因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒就住在这些洞穴里。

②Assuming that the proposal is accepted, when are we g oing to get the money?
假定这个建议被采纳，我们什么时候能拿到钱？
③We are working on the assumption that we can carry o ut the plan in a week.
我们在一星期内可以完成计划的假定之下工作着。

[即学即练]单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Assuming (assume) he agrees with us, everything will b
e fine.
(2)Many people make the assumption (assume) that povert y only exists in the Third World.
(3)It_is_(generally)_assumed_that stress is caused by too m uch work.
人们普遍认为，压力是由工作过重引起的。

4．respect vt.尊敬，遵守n．尊敬，敬意，问候，方面
(1)respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人
respect others' privacy 尊敬他人隐私
respect the rules 遵守规则
(2)have respect for sb. 尊敬某人
out of respect 出于尊重
in respect of 关于；就……而言
①He was respected for his kindness and generosity.
他因善良和慷慨而受人尊重。

②We all have respect for our English teacher who often
gives us encouragement.
我们英语老师经常鼓励我们。

我们都很尊敬他。

③In respect of the price, it is beyond my reach.
在价格方面，它是超出我的能力的。

[即学即练]单句语法填空
(1)He is a respectable (respect) artist in our city.
(2)The gentleman opened the door for the girl out of resp ect.
(3)As friends, we have respect for each other.
5．ignore vt.忽视，不理睬
(1)ignore sb./sth. 忽视，不理睬某人/某物
ignore the importance of... 忽视……的重要性
(2)ignorance n. 无知，不了解，忽视
(3)ignorant adj. 无知的，不了解的
be ignorant of 对……一无所知
①Do you frequently ignore work, study, and other activiti es to check your phone for messages？你经常把工作、学习和其他活动置于一旁而去查看手机短信吗？
②He ignored me and walked away.
他没理我，径直走开了。

③It is foolish of some people to ignore the importance of environment protection.
某些人忽视环境保护的重要性，这种做法是很愚蠢的。

[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)Ignoring (ignore) the difference between the two researc
h findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
(2)She was_ignorant_of his presence.她不知道他在场．
6.talent n. 天赋，才华，才干
(1)have a talent for ... 有……的天赋
(2)talented adj. 有才华的
be talented in... 有……的天赋
①He has a natural talent for music.
他天生就有音乐天赋。

②She showed a talent for acting at an early age.
她在很小的时候就显示出了表演天赋。

③The girl is talented in dancing.
这个女孩有舞蹈天赋。

[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)He is a talented (talent) translator.
(2)She is proud that both her children have a talent for m usic.
(3)I believe I_have_the_talent (我有天分) to make it.
7．focus on 专注于……，集中精力于……
(1)focus one's attention on 集中注意力于……
(2)focus n. 中心，焦点
the focus of attention 注意力的焦点
①You should stop focusing on whom to blame and start f ocusing on how to improve the situation.
你应开始关注如何改善现状而不是去责怪谁。

②We must focus our attention on urgent problems.
我们必须把注意力集中在紧急的问题上。

③She was the focus of everyone's attention.
她是大家注意的中心。

[即学即练]单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)The audience focused its attention on the speaker.
(2)The children's attention was_focused_on_the_stage.
孩子们的注意力被集中于舞台上。

8．in the end 最终，最后
come to an end 结束，终结
at the end of... 在……尽头；在……末尾
by the end of ……到……为止
make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵，量入为出
Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pa in was worth it in the end.
很幸运，我最后完成了比赛，努力没有白费。

①The original Venice carnival came to an end about 200 years ago.
最初的威尼斯狂欢节在200年前告终。

②There is a hospital at the end of the road.
在路的尽头有一家医院。

③The building will have been finished by the end of next year.
这座楼房将于明年年底竣工。

④We can't make both ends meet this month.
我们本月要透支。

[即学即练]用end的短语的适当形式填空
(1)There is a hospital at_the_end_of the road.
(2)He has a low income and it is hard to make_ends_mee t.
(3)When I arrived, the meeting almost came_to_an_end.
(4)In_the_end,_I had to give in to my sister.,发散思维
gift也有“天赋”的意思
搭配：have a gift for...有……的天赋
它的形容词gifted“有天赋的”搭配be gifted in...有……的天赋
发散思维：
focus还有焦距的意思
in focus焦距对准
out of focus焦距没对准，模糊
图形助记：
发散思维
表示“最终，最后”的其他常用词：finally, eventually, at l ast
完全倒装用法歌诀
完全倒装谓在前，情况请记这几点：
介词短语表地点，表语前置就有三，
位置副词there句，neither, nor, so也如此，
有时句子找平衡，贺词祝愿也常用。

►重点句型
(教材P27)Oh look, here comes my boy.哦看，我儿子过来了。

本句为完全倒装句。

here为表示方位的副词放在句首，句子需主谓倒装。

完全倒装类型总结如下：
(1)为了使某种情景表达得生动形象，在以in, out, up, down, away, off, over, next, such, back等副词作状语置于句首，谓语动词是come, go, rush, run等不及物动词的句子里(若主语为人称代词，则用陈述语序)。

Out rushed the students the moment the bell rang.铃一响，学生们就冲了出去。

Up jumped the cat and caught the mouse.猫跳上去抓住了老鼠。

(2)there, here, now, then引导的句子及there/here be (exist, etc.)引导表示“存在”的句子(若主语为人称代词，则用陈述语序)。

Here comes the bus. Let's hurry.车来了，快点吧。

Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。

Down_drops_the_meat_into_the_fox's_mouth.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Many families on low incomes (收入) will be unable t。