2017年6月大学英语四级考试翻译真题及参考译文-珠江
2017年6月四级翻译真题解析
2017年6月四级翻译真题解析作者：纪军来源：《新东方英语》2017年第10期自2013年12月改革以来，大学英语四、六级考试的汉译英部分始终围绕中国的历史、文化、经济、社会等主题。
在2016年12月的四级考试中，三套真题的汉译英题目为平行题目，分别以红、白、黄这三种颜色及其在中国传统文化中的象征意义为主题。
今年6月，四级考试的汉译英部分延续了这种平行题目的考查方式，分别以长江、珠江和黄河这三条我国最重要的河流为主题。
对于熟悉我国地理及国情的考生来说，今年四级翻译题目的难度并不算大。
考生只要熟悉相关词汇并能合理运用一些基本的翻译方法，就能取得较好的分数。
本文笔者将详细解析今年6月四级翻译的三道题目，并给出三道题目的参考译文。
题目一：①长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。
②长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。
③长江流域（river basin）居住着中国三分之一的人口。
④长江在中国历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用。
⑤长江三角洲（delta）产出多达20%的中国国民生产总值。
⑥几千年来，长江一直被用于供水、运输和工业生产。
⑦长江上还坐落着世界最大的水电站。
解析：第一句为简单句，相应地，考生可以将其译为“主—系—表”结构的英文简单句，原文中的顿号可以用英语连词and替换。
“长江”的正确英文表达是The Yangtze River，考生最好不要將其译为Long River。
另外，由于“长江”的英文名中已包含river一词，考生在翻译时可以在该句的后半部分省略river。
对于“第三长的河流”，正确的英文表达为the third longest river，类似的表达在2015年6月曾经考过，即“第二大经济体”（the second largest economy）。
第二句共有三个动词：“流经”“是”和“灌溉”。
考生可以选用“是”作为主句的谓语动词，将“流经”处理为定语从句的谓语动词。
2017年6月大学英语四级翻译真题附参考答案（3）
2017年6月大学英语四级翻译真题附参考答案(3)2017年6月大学英语四级翻译预测【篇一】：分盛食物请将下面这段话翻译成英文：在中国，食物是用大的公用盘子(communal plate)来盛装的，而且基本上都会提供公用的筷子来将食物从公用的盘子里弄到你自己的盘子里。
如果有公用的筷子就用公共的筷子来分开食物。
如果没有，或是不确定有没有，你可以先等一等，看其他人是怎么做的，然后效仿就行。
有时候热心的中国主人会帮你将食物分到你的碗里，这很正常。
参考译文In China.the food is served via large communal plates.and in nearly every case.you will be supplied with communal chopsticks for transferring food from the main plates to your own.You should use the communal chopsticks if they are supplied.If they are not or you are unsure，wait for someone to serve food to their own plates.and then copy what they do.0n occasion.it is normal for an eager Chinese host to place food into your bowl.难点注释1.第一句中，“是用……来盛装的”是被动语态结构，可译为is served via…;“公用的筷子”可译为communal chopsticks;“从公用的盘子里弄到你自己的盘子里”可译为transferring food from the main plates to your own。
2.第二句中，“如果有公用的筷子”可以译为there be句型，但用“筷子”作主语，采用被动语态结构更恰当，可译为if they are supplied。
2017年6月英语四级真题及答案解析：翻译（新东方在线版）
2017年6⽉英语四级真题及答案解析：翻译（新东⽅在线版）新东⽅在线供稿四级翻译解析⾸发版珠江是华南⼀⼤河系，流经⼴州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄河。
珠江三⾓洲是中国最发达的地区之⼀，⾯积约11，000平⽅公⾥。
它在⾯积和⼈⼝⽅⾯也是世界上的城市聚集区。
珠江三⾓洲九个城市共有5,700多万⼈⼝。
上世纪70年代末中国改⾰开放以来，珠江三⾓洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中⼼之⼀。
The Pearl River is an extensive river system in South China, flowing through the Guangzhou City. It is the third longest river in China, only second to the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. The Pearl River Delta is one of the most developed areas in China, covering an area of about 11,000 square kilometers. It is the biggest urban agglomeration area in the world in terms of size and population. The nine biggest cities in the Pearl River Delta have altogether a population of 57 million. Since the reform and opening in the late 1970s, the Pearl River Delta has been one of the major economic areas and manufacturing centers in China and the world.本篇⼜是⼀个介绍地区特⾊的⽂章，和以前介绍深圳的差不多，主要语法点为现在分词做伴随状语，flowing through the Guangzhou City，covering an area of about 11,000 square kilometers；介词短语充当后置定语the river systems in South China, the nine biggest cities in the Pearl River Delta；主要时态考查为⼀般现在时和现在完成时，例如，‘上世纪70年代末中国改⾰开放以来，珠江三⾓洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中⼼之⼀’，我们在课上讲过现在完成时的标志：“已经，⾃…以来就…”；四级翻译每年分词状语成分必考，⽽且⼏⼤后置定语结构，不定式，分词，定语从句，形容词，介词短语，也都是四级考⽣必会且⽼师必然要讲到的核⼼语法结构。
2017年四级翻译真题全
2017 年6 月全国大学英语四级翻译真题及答案珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄河。
珠江三角洲是中国最发达的地区之一，面积约11，000 平方公里。
它在面积和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集区。
珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有5,700多万人口。
上世纪70 年代末中国改革开放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一。
The Pearl River, China ’s third longest river is a major river system in Southern China and flows through the city of Guangzhou second only to the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. As the densest region of cities and population in world and one of China ’s most developed areas, the Pearl River delta covers an extent of about 11,000 square kilometers and resides more than 57 million people in top 9 largest cities inthis area. Since China ’s reform and opening in the late 1970s, Pearl River delta has become one of the major economic regions and manufacturing centers of China andthe world.长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。
长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。
2017年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
2017年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解这回的主角PartFTranslation是黄河，不是名师哦。
参考译文与难点注释1.翻译第一句时，可以省略“河流”的翻译。
TheYellowRiveristhethirdlongestinAsiaandthesixth2.第二句中，“描述的是”还可以用depicts和captures来表达。
longestintheworld.Theword3.翻译第三句中“最后”一词时要注意，这里实际指的是在“流经九个省份”之“Yellow”describesthecolorof后注人渤海，因此用before连接前后，使逻辑更加清晰。
“发源于”还可以themuddywaterinit.Theriver译为findsitssourcein.“流经”还可以译为windsitswaythrough 或originatesinQinghai,andrunsflowsthrough。
throughnineprovincesbeforeit4.第四句中，“中国赖以生存的几条河流之一”不是说“中国依赖黄河”，而emptiesintotheBohaiSea.The是指“黄河支撑着中国人的生活和生计”。
YellowRiverisoneoftheseveral5.第五句的翻译重点在于基础词汇的表达。
“诞生地”用cradle 或者riversthatsustainlifeandlivelihoodinChina.TheYellowbirthplace均可。
同时要注意时态的切换:“是……的诞生地”讲述的是RiverbasinisthecradkofChina’s客观现实，前半句用一般现在时;“早期历史上”指的是过去，后半句要用ancientcivilizationandwasonce过去时。
themostprosperousregionin6.第六句中，“洪水频发”翻译成frequentfloods,这符合中文多用动词、英文earlyhistoryofChina.However,多用静态语言的表述习惯。
2017年6月大学英语四级考题(一)完整版参考答案
2017年6月大学英语四级考题（一）完整版参考答案来源：文都教育Part I WritingDirections: For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on e-learning.Try to im agine what will happen when more and more people study online instead of attending school. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【参考范文】Second-handed bicycle for saleTo inform anyone may be interested, I am currently owning a used bicycle for sale. This used bike is a blue medium-sized Giant race bicycle I bought just six months before, which is still in good condition so far without any mechanical breakdowns or potential problems due to my careful maintenance. Most impressively, you can shift the gear of it to change the speed anytime you like accordingly, which makes it reliable and flexible to ride . I am very sure that it will serve as a portable and convenient vehicle for anyone who enjoys traveling and exercising in an environmental way.Regarding the merits mentioned above, I would like to sell it for two hundred Yuan, which is a totally worthy and economic deal to make. Anyone interested or intend to inquire about it please do not feel hesitated to contact Xiao Li. My contact number is 1513729xxxx.Xiao LiPart II Listening ComprehensionSection A News1. B) The test driver made a wrong judgment2. D) They have generally done quite well.3. A) He works at a national park.4. B) They were making a lot of noise.5. A) The discovery of a new species of snake.6. C) A snake crawled onto his head in his sleep.7. D) From its color.Section BConversation 18. C) His flight is leaving in less than 2 hours.9. B) By credit card.10. A) Give him a receipt.11. D) Posting a comment on the hotel’s webpage.Conversation 212. C) He has stopped making terrible faces.13. D) Warn him of danger by making up a story.14. A) They could break pp’s legs.15. B) One would have to shave their head to remove a bat in their hair.Section CPassage 116. C) Everything seemed to be changing.17. A) Meeting people.18. D) He was a young student in the 1960s.Passage 219. B) They avoid looking at them.20. C) It focuses its eyes on their mouths.21. B) By taking in their facial expressions as a whole.Passage 322. D) They resort to different means to survive the bitter cold.23. C) They consume the energy stored before the long sleep.24. A) By storing enough food beforehand25. C) To stay safePart III Reading comprehensionSection A26. relatively ;27. surprising;28. suggest;29. direct;30. test ;31. remains;32. including;33. staple;34. arrived ;35. rawSection B36.[H] 题干：People with HSAM have the same memory as ordinary people when it comes to impersonal information.37.[K] 题干：Fantasy proneness will not necessarily cause people to develop HSAM.38.[C] 题干：Veiseh began to remember the details of his everyday experiences after he met his first young love.39.[G] 题干：Many more people with HSAM started to contact researchers due to the mass media.40.[P] 题干：People with HSAM often have to make efforts to avoid focusing on the past.41.[A] 题干：Most people do not have clear memories of past events.42.[L] 题干：HSAM can be both a curse and a blessing.43.[E]题干：A young woman sought explanation from a brain scientist when she noticed her unusual memory.44.[O]题干：Some people with HSAM find it very hard to get rid of unpleasant memories.45.[I]题干：A recent study of people with HSAM reveals that are liable to fantasy and full absorption in an activity.Section CPassage one46. D) It misrepresents real life47.B) It can be a new phase of one’s life.48.A) It can be quite rosy.49.C) to harvest.50.D) It is likely to be critical turning point in one’s life.Passage two51 A. it is a welcome sign of the coming of spring52 D. They are favored as a form of art.53 C. Eggs reflect the anxieties of people today.54 A. She never knows if the egg will break before the design is completed.55 B. It has a history of over two thousand years.Part IV translation【珠江—参考译文】The Pearl River, an extensive river system in southern China, flows through Guangzhou City. It is China’s third-longest river which is only after the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) is one of the most developed regions in China with an area of about 11,000 square kilometers. It is the largest urban area in the world in both size and population. The nine largest cities of PRD have a population of over 57 million in total. Since China's reform and openness was adopted by the Chinese government in the late 1970s, the Delta has become one of the leading economic regions and a major manufacturing center of China and the world.。
英语四级真题2017年6月(第一套)试卷及答案解析
2017年6月四级考试真题（第一套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) ．．ou are a owe minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell some of the D1rect10ns: 的r this part, y ll d 30·course books you used at college. Your advertisement may include a brief description of their content, theircondition and price, and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180words.(25 minutes) Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A．Directions: In th· is section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you willhear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet Iwith a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) Human drivers become easily distracted or tired while driving.B)Most drivers have test driven cars with automatic braking features.C)Most drivers feel uncertain about the safety of self-driving cars.D)The majority of drivers prefer to drive and park themselves.2.A) Their drivers would feel safe after getting used to the automatic devices.B)They would be unpopular with drivers who only trust their own skills.C)Their increased comfort levels have boosted their sales.D)They are not actually as safe as automakers advertise.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) Thefts of snowmobile dogs in Alaska.B)A series of injuries to snowmobile drivers.C)Attacks on some Iditarod Race competitors.D)A serious accident in the Alaska sports event.4.A) A) He stayed behind to look after his injured dogs.B)He has won the Alaska Iditarod Race four times.C)He received a minor injury in the Iditarod Race.D)He has quit the competition in Alaska for good.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) It sank into the sea due to overloading.B)It ran into Nicaragua's Big Com Island.C)It disappeared between two large islands.D)It turned over because of strong winds.6.A) 13.C)30.7.A) He has helped with the rescue effort.B)He is being investigated by the police.C)He was drowned with the passengers.D)He is among those people missing. Section B B)25.D)32.．Directions: 1几th'i s section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B),C) and D) . Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) At a shopping centre.B)At a commumty college.C)At an accountancy firm.9.A) Helping out with data input.C)Sorting application forms.10.A) He enjoys using computers.C)He wants to work in the city centre.11.A) Purchase some business suits.C)Improve his programming skills.D)At an IT company.B)A盯anging interviews.D)Making phone calls.B)He needs the money badly.D)He has relevant working experience.B)Learn some computer language. D)Review some accountancy terms.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) A) They are keen on high technology.B)They are poor at technology skills.C)They often listen to National Public Radio.D)They feel superior in science and technology.13.A) Japanese.C)Americans.14.A) Emailing.C)Science.15.A) It is undergoing a drastic reform.C)It has much room for improvement. Section C B)Poles.D)Germans.B)Texting.D)Literacy.B)It lays emphasis on creative thinking.D)It prioritizes training of practical skills.Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage ,you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . Then mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) They have small roots.B)They grow white flowers.C)They taste like apples.D)They come from Central Africa.17.A) They turned from white to purple in color.B)They became popular on the world market.C)They became an important food for humans.D)They began to look like modem-day carrots.18.A) They were found quite nutritious.B)There were serious food shortages.C)People discovered their medicinal value.D)Farm machines helped lower their prices.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) She could update her family any time she liked.B)She could call up her family whenever she liked.C)She could locate her friends wherever they were.D)She could download as many pictures as she liked.20.A) She liked to inform her friends about her success.B)She enjoyed reading her friends'status updates.C)She felt quite popular among them.D)She felt she was a teenager again.21.A) She could barely respond to all her 500 Facebook friends.B)She spent more time updating her friends than her family.C)She could barely balance Facebook updates and her work.D)She didn't seem to be doing as well as her Facebook friends.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) They have strong muscles.C)They live a longer life than horses.B)They eat much less in winter.D)They can work longer than donkeys.23.A) It was a pet of a Spanish king.B)It was bought by George Washington.C)It was brought over from Spain.D)It was donated by a U.S. ambassador.24.A) They met and exchanged ideas on animal breeding.B)They participated in a mule-driving competition.C)They showed and traded animals in the market.D)They fed mules with the best food they could find.25.A) The wider use of horses.C)A shrinking animal trade.B)The arrival of tractors.D)A growing donkey population.Part ID Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank f rom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the co汀esponding letter for eachitem on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once.As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them again. During26 exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle performance can also be affected by a 27 called "central fatigue," in which an imbalance in the body's chemical messengers prevents the central nervous system from directing muscle movements 28 . It was not known , however , whether central fatigue might also affect motor systems not directly 29 in the exercise itself, such as those that move the eyes. To find out, researchers gave 11 volunteer cyclists a carbohydrate (碳水化合物的）30 either with a moderate dose of caffeine (咖啡因），which is known to stimulate the central nervous system ,or as a placebo (安慰剂）without, during 3 hours of 31 . After exercising ,the scientists tested the cyclists with eye-tracking cameras to see how well their brains could still 32 their visual system. The team found that exercise reduced the speed of rapid eye movements by about 8%, 33 their ability to capture new visual information. The caffeine, the equivalent of two strong cups of coffee, was 34 to reverse this effect, with some cyclists even displaying 35 eye movement speeds. So it might be a good idea to get someone else to drive you home after that marathon.A)cautiously B)commit C)controlD)cycling E)effectively F)increasedG)involved H)limited I)phenomenonJ)preventing K)sensitive L)slowingM)solution N)sufficient O)vigorousSection Ba passage wit ten statements attac e to it. Each statement contains Directions: In讥is section ,you are going to read·h h d·information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Team SpiritA)Teams have become the basic building blocks of organisations. Recruitment advertisements routinely call for"team players. " Business schools grade their students in part on their performance in group projects. Office managers knock down walls to encourage team building. Teams are as old as civilisation, of course: even Jesus had 12 co-workers. But a new report by Deloitte, "Global Human Capital Trends," based on a survey of more than 7,000 executives in over 130 countries, suggests that the fashion for teamwork has reached a new high.Almost half of those surveyed said their companies were either in the middle of restructuring or about to embark on (开始）it; and for the most part, restructuring meant putting more emphasis on teams.B)Companies are abandoning conventional functional departments and organising employees into cross-disciplinaryteams that focus on particular products, problems or customers. These teams are gaining more power to run their own affairs. They are also spending more time working with each other rather than reporting upwards. Deloitte argues that a new organisational form is on the rise: a network of teams is replacing the conventional hierarchy （等级体制）．C)The fashion for teams is driven by a sense that the old way of organising people is too rigid for both the modemmarketplace and the expectations of employees. Technological innovation places greater value on agility (灵活性）. John Chambers, chairman of Cisco Systems Inc. ,a worldwide leader in electronics products, says that "we compete against market transitions (过渡），not competitors. Product transitions used to take five or seven years; now they take one or two. "Digital technology also makes it easier for people to co-ordinate their activities without resorting to hierarchy. The "millennials" (千禧一代）who will soon make up half the workforce in rich countries were raised from nursery school onwards to work in groups.D)The fashion for teams is also spreading from the usual corporate suspects (such as GE and IBM) to some moreunusual ones. The Cleveland Clinic, a hospital operator, has reorganised its medical staff into teams to focus on particular treatment areas; consultants, nurses and others collaborate closely instead of being separated by speciality (专业）and rank. The US Army has gone the same way. In his book, Team of Teams ,General Stanley McChrystal describes how the army's hierarchicalstructure hindered its operations during the early stages of the Iraq war. His solution was to learn something from the rebels it was fighting: decentralising authority to self-organising teams.E)A good rule of thumb is that as soon as generals and hospital administrators jump on a management bandwagon（追随一种管理潮流），it is time to ask questions. Leigh Thompson of Kellogg School of Management in Illinois warns that, "Teams are not always the answer—teams may provide insight, creativity and knowledge ina way that a person working independently cannot; but teamwork may also lead to confusion, delay and poordecision-making." The late Richard Hackman of Harvard University once argued, "I have no question that when you have a team, the possibility exists that it will generate magic, producing something extraordinary. ..But don't count on it. "F)Hackman (who died in 2013) noted that teams are hindered by problems of co-ordination and motivation thatchip away at the benefits of collaboration. High-flyers (能干的人）who are forced to work in teams may be undervalued and free-riders empowered. Group-think may be unavoidable. In a study of旦Q teams of senior executives, he discovered that less than 10% of their supposed members agreed on who exactly was on the team.If it is hard enough to define a team's membership, agreeing on its purpose is harder still.G)Profound changes in the workforce are making teams trickier to manage. Teams work best if their members havea strong common culture. This is hard to achieve when, as is now the case in many big firms, a large proportionof staff are temporary contractors. Teamwork improves with time: America's National Transportation Safety Board found that 73% of the incidents in its civil-aviation database occurred on a crew's first day of flying together. However, as Amy Edmondson of Harvard points out, organisations increasingly use "team" as a verb rather than a noun: they form teams for specific purposes and then quickly disband them.H)The least that can be concluded from this research is that companies need to think harder about managing teams.They need to rid their minds of sentimentalism (感情用事）：the most successful teams have leaders who are able to set an overall direction and take immediate action. They need to keep teams small and focused: giving in to pressure to be more "inclusive" is a guarantee of dysfunction. Jeff Bezos, Amazon's boss, says that "If I see more than two pizzas for lunch, the team is too big. "They need to immunise teams against group-think: Hackman argued that the best ones contain "deviants" (离经叛道者）who are willing to do something that maybe upsetting to others.I) A new study of 12,000 workers in 17 countries by Steelcase, a furniture-maker which also does consulting, findsthat the best way to ensure employees are "engaged" is to give them more control over where and how they do their work—which may mean liberating them from having to do everything in collaboration with others.J)However, organisations need to learn something bigger than how to manage teams better: they need to be in the habit of asking themselves whether teams are the best tools for the job. Team-building skills are in short supply: Deloitte reports that only 12% of the executives they contacted feel they understand the way people work together in networks and only 21 %feel confident in their ability to build cross-functional teams. Loosely managed teams can become hotbeds of distraction—employees routinely complain that they can't get their work done because they are forced to spend too much time in meetings or compelled to work in noisy offices. Even in the age of openplan offices and social networks some work is best left to the individual.36.Successful team leaders know exactly where the team should go and are able to take prompt action.37.Decentralisation of authority was also found to be more effective in military operations.38.In many companies, the conventional form of organisation is giving way to a network of teams.39.Members of poorly managed teams are easily distracted from their work.40.Teamwork is most effective when team members share the same culture.41.According to a report by Deloitte, teamwork is becoming increasingly popular among companies.42.Some team members find it hard to agree on questions like membership and the team's purpose.43.Some scholars think teamwork may not always be reliable, despite its potential to work wonders.44.To ensure employees'commitment, it is advisable to give them more flexibility as to where and how they work.45.Product transitions take much less time now than in the past.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) ,B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice andmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Shoppers in the UK are spending less money on toilet paper to save money ,research has shown.Penny-pinching UK consumers choose cheaper products from discounters such as Aldi and Lidl rather than luxury alternatives.This has wiped 6% off the value of the soft tissue paper market in the UK. It has shrunk from£1. 19 billion in 2011 to£1. 12 billion in 2015, according to a new report from market research company Mintel. Furthermore, the future of the market looks far from rosy ,with sales expected to fall further to£1. 11 billion in 2016.In the last year alone ,despite an increase in the UK population and a subsequent rise in the number of households, sales of toilet paper fell by 2 % , with the average household reducing their toilet roll spending from£43 in 2014 to£41 in 2015.Overall, almost three in five people say they try to limit the让usage of paper—including facial tissue and kitchen roll—to save money. "Strength, softness and thickness remain the leading indicators of toilet paper quality, with just a small proportion of consumers preferring more luxurious alternatives, such as those with flower patterns or perfume, "said Mintel analyst Jack Duckett. " T hese extra features are deemed unnecessary by the majority of shoppers ,which probably reflects how these types of products are typically more expensive than regular toilet paper,even when on special offer."While consumers are spending less on toilet paper, they remain fussy—in theory at least—when it comes to paper quality. Top of Britons'toliet paper wish list is softness (57%) followed by strength (45%) and thickness (36%).One in 10 buyers rank toliet rolls made from recycled paper among their top considerations, highlighting how overall the environment is much less of a consideration for shoppers than product quality. In a challenge for manufacturers ,81 %of paper product users said they would consider buying recycled toilet tissue if it were comparable in quality to standard paper.46. The market sales of toilet paper have decreased because.A)Britons have cut their spending on itB)its prices have gone up over the yearsC)its quality has seen marked improvementD)Britons have developed the habit of saving4 7. What does the author think of the future of the tissue paper market in the UK?A)It will expand in time.B)It will remam gloomy.C)It will experience ups and downs.D)It will recover as population grows.48. What does Jack Duckett say about toilet paper?A)Special offers would promote its sales.B)Consumers are loyal to certain brands.C)Luxurious features add much to the price.D)Consumers have a variety to choose from.49. What do we learn about Britons concerning toilet paper?A)They are particular about the quality of toilet paper.B)They emphasize the strength of toilet paper the most.C)They prefer cheap toilet paper to recycled toilet paper.D)They reject using toilet paper with unnecessary features.50. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A)More and more Britons buy recycled toilet paper to protect the environment.B)Toilet paper manufacturers are facing a great challenge in promoting its sales.C)Toilet paper manufacturers compete with one another to improve product quality.D)Environmental protection is not much of a concern when Britons buy toilet paper.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage."One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger, " says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.By studying about 700 adult smokers ,she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and completely.In her study, participants were randomly (随机地）assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine (尼古丁）patches before they quit ,in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement , like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit day.Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it—more than one-fifth of them, comparedto about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they'd rather cut down gradually before quitting. "If you're training for a marathon, you wouldn't expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think,'Well, if I gradually reduce, it's like practice,"'says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasn't the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravi ngs (瘾）and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. "Regardless of your stated preference, if you're ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective," says Dr. Gabriela Ferre让a." W hen you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that's compelling. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it," Ferreira says.People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.51. What does Lindson-Hawley say about her mother?A)She quit smoking with her daughter's help.B)She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly.C)She was also a researcher of tobacco and health.D)She studied the smoking patterns of adult smokers.52. What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson-Hawley's study?A)They were given physical training.B)They were looked after by physicians.C)They were encouraged by psychologists.D)They were offered nicotine replacements.53.How does Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson-Hawley's experiment?A)It is idealized.B)It is unexpected.C)It is encouraging.D)It is misleading.54.The idea of "a marathon" (Line 2, Para. 5) illustrates the popular belief that quitting smoking.A)is something few can accomplish B)needs some practice firstC)requires a lot of patience D)is a challenge at the beginning55. What happens when people try to quit smoking gradually?A)They find it even more difficult.B)They are simply unable to make it.C)They show fewer withdrawal symptoms.D)They feel much less pain in the process.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions : 的r this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage f rom Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。
2017年6月大学英语四级真题第二套精品详解及中文翻译版
2017年6月大学英语四级真题第二套详解及翻译（精品版）Part I Writing (25 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a bicycle you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, features,condition and price, and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.（在校园网站上写一则广告，卖一辆你在大学里用过的自行车。
你的广告可能包括它的品牌，特征，条件和价格，和你的联系信息。
）Second-handed bicycle for saleTo inform anyone may be interested, I am currently（当前）owning a used bicycle for sale. This used bike is a black medium-sized race bicycle I bought just seven months before, which is still in good condition so far without any mechanical breakdowns or potential problems due to my careful maintenance（维护）. Most impressively, you can shift the gear of it to change the speed anytime you like accordingly, which makes it reliable and flexible to ride . I am very sure that it will serve as a portable and convenient vehicle for anyone who enjoys traveling and exercising in an environmental way.Regarding of the the merits mentioned above, I would like to sell it for three hundred Yuan, which is a totally worthy and economic deal to make. Anyone interested or intend to inquire about please do not feel hesitated to contact Li Ming. My contact number is 8888888.Li MingPart II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2017年6月英语四级真题试卷及答案
题目Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.参考范文Computer for SaleAs I am about to graduate and leave the campus, I am going to sell my personal laptop at a low price.It is a Lenovo ThinkPad that I bought in June, 2015. It is not big, but very functional. It has a four-core CPU, an independent display card of 2G, a hard disk of 500G and a screen of 15.6 inches.For the last two years, the laptop has served as my faithful aid and helped me finish most of my assignments and my thesis. There has appeared no fault in the process. I owe so much to it. But as my workplace has already offered me a more advanced working laptop, I find there is no necessity for me to have two. And I know that there must be some of my schoolmates who are more in need of the ThinkPad. Therefore, I determined to sell it.I bought the laptop as the price of 3500 yuan. Now I will sell it at 1500 yuan or less. Anyone interested can contact me via email, and my mailbox is ***@.作文二：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a bicycle you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.参考范文As we travel by bike, we will see beautiful sceneries typical of the region, meet and make friends with different people and get to know the custom of the local people.Having worked hard throughout the weekdays, people will find a weekend trip to the nearby mountains or beaches a real relaxation, riding on the bike is best choice.In my opinion, the biggest advantage of traveling is we can learn much during our travel by bike about the geography, biology, and history of the places we visit. Therefore, you ’d better seize the chance to buy this bike so as to gain something meaningful.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a book you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.参考范文：Buying these books, you can reap the benefit of several aspects. For one thing, you can save a great amount of money and this will allow you to spend these saved money on other more significant things in that the books I sold here with only the half of the original price. For another, the content of these book include translation, writing, reading as well as listening which will be adapt to the students who are going to take the exam of CET-4 or CET-6. Last but not the least, through the purchase of these English course books with nine into new without any notes on them, you will improve your study skill to a great extent.选词填空The method for making beer has changed over time. Hops, for example, which give many a modern beer its bitter flavor, are a _____(26)recent addition to the beverage. This was mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a _____(27)ingredient in residue(残留物) from 5000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While excavating two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots, funnels, amphorae, and stoves (stove fragment pictured). The different shapes of the containers _____(28)they were used to brew, filter, and store beer.They may be ancient “beer-making toolkits,” and the earliest_____(29)evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers report online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To _____(30)that hypothesis, the team examined the yellowish, dried _____(31)inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80%, were from cereal crops like millet and barley(大麦), and about 10% were bits of roots,_____(32)likely, would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: The crop was domesticated in western Eurasi a and didn’t become a _____(33)food in central China until about 2000 years ago, according to the researchers. Based on that timing, they suggest barley may have _____(34)in the region not as food, but as_____(35)material for beer brewing beer.A.ArrivedB.consumingC.directD.exclusivelyE.includingG.rawH.reachedI.relativelyJ.remainsK.resourcesL.stapleM.surprisingN.suggestO.Test段落匹配A.At some point,almost all of us will experience a period of radical professional change some of us will seek it out:for other it will feel like an unwelcome intrusion into otherwise stable career Either way,we have choices about how we respond to it when it comes.B.We recently caught up with yoga entrepreneur Lcah Zeccaria,who put herself through the fire of change to completely reinvent herself.In her search to live a life of purpose .Leah left her high-paying accounting job,her husband,and her home.In the process.she built a radically new lift and career.Since then she has founded two yoga studios.met new life partner,and formed a new community of people.Even if your personal reinvention is less drastic,we think there are lessons from her expericence that applyC.Where do the seeds of change come from?The Native American Indians have a saying:”Pay attention to the whispers so you won’t have to hear the screams”Often the best ideas for big changes come from unexpected places-----it’s just matter of turning in.Great leaders recognize the weak signals or slight signs that point to big changes to come.Leah reflect on a time she listened to the whispers:”About the time daughter was five years old.I started having a sense that ‘this isn’t right’”She then realized that life no longer matched her vision for itD.Up until that point,Lech had followed traditional measures of success.After graduating with a degree in business and accounting.She joined a public accounting firm,married,bought lookedsuccessful,”she says,Leah easily could have fallen into a trap of feeling content,i nstead, her energy sparked a period of experimentation and renewal.E.Feeling the need to change.Leah start playing with future possibilities by exploring her interest and developing new capabilities.First trying physical exercise and dieting.She lost some weight and discovered an inner strength.”I felt powerful because I broke through my own limitations.”she recallsF.However,it was another interest that led Leah to radically reinvent herself,”I remember sitting on a bench with my aunt at a yoga studio,”she said,”and having a moment of clarity right then and there. Yoga is saving my life.Yoga is waking me up.I ‘m not happy and I want to change and I’m done with this,”In that moment of clarity Leah made an importantleap,conquering her inner resistance to change and making a firm commitment to take bigger stepsG.Creating the future you want is a lot casier if you are ready to exploit the opportunities that come your way.When Leah made the commitment to change,she primed herself to new apporiunities she may otherwise have overlooked.She recallsH.One day a man I worked with,Ryan,who had his office next to mine,said,”Leah.Let’s go look at this space on Queen Anne.”He knew my love for yoga and had seen a space chose to where he lived that he thought might be good to serve as a yoga and had seen a space close to where he lived that he thought might be good to serve as a yoga studio.As soon as I saw the location,I knew this was it. Of course I was scared,yet I had this strong sense of “I have to do this.”On ly a few months later Leah opened her first yoga studio,but success was not instant.I.Creating the future takes time. That’s why leaders continue to manage the present while building toward the big nonlincar changes of the future.when it’s time to make the Leah stayed with her accounting jod while starting up the yoga studio to make it all work.”I was working 60 hours a week and running a studio.so I wasn’t getting very much sleep. But it was good for me,”she says.Soon after,she knew she had to make a bo ld move to fully commit to her new future.Within two years,Leah shed the safety of her accounting job and made the switch complete.Such drastic change is not casy.J. “Be yourself”Leah says.”Quit being the person people think you’re suppose to be.Find a way to dig deep into your into your couragcous self to be who you are.Whatever that means as far as exploring your emotions,your identity,your profession.find one version of you that you are always and everywhere.”It was this sense of purpose that would ca rry Leah through the storms of changeK.Steering through change and facing obstacles brings us face to face with our fears Leah reflects on one incident that triggered her fears, when her investors threatened to shut her down:”I was probably up against the most fears I’ve ever had”she say.”I had spent two years cultivating this community,and it had become successful very fast.but within six months I was facing the prospect of losing it all”L.She connected with her sense of purpose and dug deep,cultivating a tremendous sense of strength.”I was feeling so intentional and strong that I wasn’t going to let fear just take over. I was thinking,OK,guys,if you want to want to try to shut me down,shut me down.And I knew it was a negotiation scheme,so I was able to say to myself.””This is not real”By naming her fears36.Readiness to take advantage of new apportunities will make it easier to create one’s desired future.37.By conventional standards,Leah was a typical successful woman before she changed her career38.Leah gained confidence by laying out her fears and contronting then directly39.In search of a meaningful life,Leah gave up what she had and set up her own yoga studios.40.Leah’s interest in yoga prompted her to make a firm decision to seshape her life.41.Small signs may indicate great changes to come and therefore ment attention42.Leah’s first yoga studio was by no weans an immediate success43.Some people regard professional change as an unpleasant experience that disturbs their career44.The worst fear that Leah ever had was the prospect of losing her yoga business45.As she explore new interests and developed new potential,Leah felt powerful internally仔细阅读：Passage OneQuestions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.Shoppers in the UK are spending less money on toilet paper to save money, research has shown.Penny pinching UK consumers choose cheaper products from discounters such as Aldi and Lidi rather than luxury alternatives.This has wiped 6% off the value of the soft tissue paper market in the UK. It has shrunk from £1.19 billion in 2011 to £1. 12billion in 2015, according to a new report from market research company Mintel. Furthermore, the future of the market looks far from rosy, with sales expectedto fall future of the market looks far from rosy, with sales expected to fall further to £1.11billion in 2016.In the last year alone, despite an increase in the UK population and a subsequent rise in the number of households, sales of toilet paper fell by 2%, with the average household reducing their toilet roll spending from £43 in 2014 to £41 in 2015.Overall, almost three in five people say they try to limit their usage of paper-including facial tissue and kitchen roll –to save money. "Strength, softness and thickness remain the leading indicators ODM toilet paper quality, with just a small proportion of consumers preferring more luxurious alternatives, such as those with flower patterns or perfume," said Mintel analyst Jack Duckett. "These extra features are deemed unnecessary by the majority of shoppers, which probably reflects how these types of products are typically more expensive than regular toilet paper, even when on special offer."While consunmers are spending less on toilet paper, they remain fussy-in theory atleast-when it comes to paper quality. Top of Britons' toilet paper wish list issoftness(57%)followed by strength(45%)and thickness(36%).One in 10 buyers rank toilet rolls made from recycled paper among their top considerations, highlighting how overall the environment is much less of a consideration for shoppers than product quality. In a challenge for manufactures, 81% of paper product users said they would consider buying recycled toilet tissue if it were comparable in quality to standard paper.46.【题干】The market sales of toilet paper have decreased because_____.【选项】A.Britons have cut their spending on itB.its prices have gone up over the yearC.its quality has seen marked improvementD.Britons have developed the habit of saving47.【题干】What does the author think of the future of the tissue paper market in the UK?【选项】A.It will expand in time.B.It will remain gloomy.C.It will experience ups and downs.D.It will recover as population grows.48.【题干】What does Jack Duckett say about toilet paper?【选项】A.Special offers would promote its sales.B.Consumers are loyal to certain brands.C.Luxurious features add much to the price.D.Consumers have a variety to choose from.49.【题干】What do we learn about Britons concerning toilet paper?【选项】A.They are particular about the quality of toilet paper.B.They emphasize the strength of toilet paper the most.C.They prefer cheap toilet paper to recycled toilet paper.D.They reject using toilet paper with unnecessary features.50.【题干】What can we infer from the last paragraph?【选项】A.More and more Britons buy recycled toilet paper to protect the environment.B.Toilet paper manufacturers are facing a great challenge in promoting its sales.C.Toilet paper manufacturers compete with one another to improve.D.Environmental protection is not much of a concern when Britons buy toilet paper.Passage TwoQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage."One of the reason I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger," say Lindson-Hawly, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.By studying about 700 adult smoker, she found out that her mom quit the right way-by stopping abruptly and completely.In her study, participants were randomly(随机地)assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine(尼古丁)patches before they quit, in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit day.Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it-more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they'd rather cut down gradually before quitting. "If you're training for a marathon, you wouldn't expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, 'Well, if I gradually reduce, it's like practice.' "saysLindsons-Hawley. But that wasn't the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings(瘾)and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. "Regardless of your stated preference, if you're ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective,” says Dr. Gabrieia Ferreira, "When you can quote a specific number like a fifith of the patients were able to q uit, that's compelling. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it,” Ferreira says.People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.51.【题干】What does Lindson-Hawley say about her mother?【选项】A.She quit smoking with her daughter's help.B.She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly.C.She was also a researcher of tobacco and health.D.She studied the smoking pattems of adult smokers.52.【题干】What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson-Hawley's study?【选项】A.They were given physical training.B.They were looked after by physicians.C.They were encouraged by pshchologists.D.They were offered nicotine replacements.53.【题干】How does Dr.Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson-Hawley's experiment?【选项】A.It is idealized.B.It is unexpected.C.It is encouraging.D.It is misleading.54.【题干】The idea of "a marathon" (Line 2, Para.5) illustrates the popular belief that quitting smoking _____.【选项】A.is something few can accomplishB.needs some practice firstC.requires a lot of patienceD.is a challenge at the beginning55.【题干】What happens when people try to quit smoking gradually?【选项】A.They find it even more difficult.B.They are simply unable to make it.C.They show fewer withdrawal symptomsD.They feel much less pain in the process.翻译一：2017.6 四级翻译题目一：黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。
2017年6月大学英语四级考题(一)完整版参考答案
2017年6月大学英语四级考题（一）完整版参考答案来源：文都教育Part I WritingDirections: For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on e-learning.Try to im agine what will happen when more and more people study online instead of attending school. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【参考范文】Second-handed bicycle for saleTo inform anyone may be interested, I am currently owning a used bicycle for sale. This used bike is a blue medium-sized Giant race bicycle I bought just six months before, which is still in good condition so far without any mechanical breakdowns or potential problems due to my careful maintenance. Most impressively, you can shift the gear of it to change the speed anytime you like accordingly, which makes it reliable and flexible to ride . I am very sure that it will serve as a portable and convenient vehicle for anyone who enjoys traveling and exercising in an environmental way.Regarding the merits mentioned above, I would like to sell it for two hundred Yuan, which is a totally worthy and economic deal to make. Anyone interested or intend to inquire about it please do not feel hesitated to contact Xiao Li. My contact number is 1513729xxxx.Xiao LiPart II Listening ComprehensionSection A News1. B) The test driver made a wrong judgment2. D) They have generally done quite well.3. A) He works at a national park.4. B) They were making a lot of noise.5. A) The discovery of a new species of snake.6. C) A snake crawled onto his head in his sleep.7. D) From its color.Section BConversation 18. C) His flight is leaving in less than 2 hours.9. B) By credit card.10. A) Give him a receipt.11. D) Posting a comment on the hotel’s webpage.Conversation 212. C) He has stopped making terrible faces.13. D) Warn him of danger by making up a story.14. A) They could break pp’s legs.15. B) One would have to shave their head to remove a bat in their hair.Section CPassage 116. C) Everything seemed to be changing.17. A) Meeting people.18. D) He was a young student in the 1960s.Passage 219. B) They avoid looking at them.20. C) It focuses its eyes on their mouths.21. B) By taking in their facial expressions as a whole.Passage 322. D) They resort to different means to survive the bitter cold.23. C) They consume the energy stored before the long sleep.24. A) By storing enough food beforehand25. C) To stay safePart III Reading comprehensionSection A26. relatively ;27. surprising;28. suggest;29. direct;30. test ;31. remains;32. including;33. staple;34. arrived ;35. rawSection B36.[H] 题干：People with HSAM have the same memory as ordinary people when it comes to impersonal information.37.[K] 题干：Fantasy proneness will not necessarily cause people to develop HSAM.38.[C] 题干：Veiseh began to remember the details of his everyday experiences after he met his first young love.39.[G] 题干：Many more people with HSAM started to contact researchers due to the mass media.40.[P] 题干：People with HSAM often have to make efforts to avoid focusing on the past.41.[A] 题干：Most people do not have clear memories of past events.42.[L] 题干：HSAM can be both a curse and a blessing.43.[E]题干：A young woman sought explanation from a brain scientist when she noticed her unusual memory.44.[O]题干：Some people with HSAM find it very hard to get rid of unpleasant memories.45.[I]题干：A recent study of people with HSAM reveals that are liable to fantasy and full absorption in an activity.Section CPassage one46. D) It misrepresents real life47.B) It can be a new phase of one’s life.48.A) It can be quite rosy.49.C) to harvest.50.D) It is likely to be critical turning point in one’s life.Passage two51 A. it is a welcome sign of the coming of spring52 D. They are favored as a form of art.53 C. Eggs reflect the anxieties of people today.54 A. She never knows if the egg will break before the design is completed.55 B. It has a history of over two thousand years.Part IV translation【珠江—参考译文】The Pearl River, an extensive river system in southern China, flows through Guangzhou City. It is China’s third-longest river which is only after the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) is one of the most developed regions in China with an area of about 11,000 square kilometers. It is the largest urban area in the world in both size and population. The nine largest cities of PRD have a population of over 57 million in total. Since China's reform and openness was adopted by the Chinese government in the late 1970s, the Delta has become one of the leading economic regions and a major manufacturing center of China and the world.。
2017年6月大学英语四级翻译【完美打印】
2017年6月大学英语四级——翻译【1】中国画请将下面这段中文翻译成英文：国画(Chinese painting)是世界上最古老的艺术传统之一。
绘画时用毛笔蘸黑墨或彩墨在纸张或丝绸上作画。
根据表现手法，国画可分为写童派(the Xieyi school)和工笔派(the Gongbi school)两大类。
写意派以自由表达和形式夸张为特点;工笔派则注重以精细的笔法描绘细节。
山水画被公认为国画的最高形式。
纵观历史，不同时期的国画都相应地反映出人们的社会意识。
参考译文：Chinese painting is one of the oldest artistic traditions in the world. The painting is done on paper or silk with a brush dipped in black or colored ink. According to the means of expression, Chinese paintings can be divided into two categories which are the Xieyi school and the Gongbi school. The Xieyi school is characterized by free expression and exaggerated forms, while the Gongbi school attaches importance to detail with fine brush work. Landscape painting is widely regarded as the highest form of Chinese painting. Throughout history, the Chinese paintings paintings at different times mirror people's social consciousness accordingly.词句点拨1.第2句为无主语句，翻译时可补充出主语0ne，译作When painting, one uses a brush to dip it in black ink...，但这种译法显得较为繁冗。
英语四级真题阅读翻译2017年6月第一套
Section A选词填空美国目前的互联网速度已经是史上最快了，但人们还是抱怨网速太慢。
纽约司法部长办公室于秋季展开了一项调查，这项调查是关于威瑞森电信、美国有线电视和时代华纳所提供的宽带速度是否与供应商所述一致。
本月早前时候，司法部长办公室征求公众帮助来测试他们的网速，声称消费者理应得到供应商所承诺的网速。
司法部长说，“很多时候我们明明买的是这一件东西，却得到了另一件东西。
”如若调查有所发现，那么这就不是电信供应商第一次陷入不能向消费者提供所承诺网速的麻烦之中了。
回顾六月，联邦通讯委员会向美国电话电报公司处以1亿美元的罚款，指控该公司在消费者使用一定量的数据之后私自降低无线网速。
即使互联网供应商没有违法，但是他们的做法已经激发了民众对于带宽速度和收费问题的愤怒。
就在本周，一项调查发现，媒体和电信巨头康卡斯特是最令人憎恨的。
在过去的十个月里，康卡斯特收到的消费者投诉多达12000条，大多都与每月数据限额和超额收费有关。
部分美国民众对网络供应商过于失望而放弃使用。
近期一项研究表明，在过去两年内，拥有家用高速网络的美国民众数量大大减少，15%的人认为自己是“剪线族”。
Section B匹配题从会计师到瑜伽师：来一次彻底的职业改变[A]我们所有人几乎都会在人生某个阶段经历一次彻底的职业变化。
有些人会主动寻求这些变化，而有些人则会把这些变化视为对稳定职业的入侵，令人生厌。
但是不管怎样，我们都可以选择如何应对。
[B]我们最近正在紧跟瑜伽企业家利亚·扎卡里亚的步伐，她通过改变彻底重塑了自己。
为了探索人生目标，利亚放弃了高薪的会计工作、远离她的丈夫和家乡。
在这个过程中，她打造了一个全新的生活和职业。
从那以后，她成立了两个瑜伽工作室，遇到了新的人生伴侣，组织了新的社交群体。
即使你的人生重塑过程没有这么激烈，但多少都可以从利亚身上得到一些借鉴。
[C]改变的萌芽源自哪里？美洲印第安人有一句俗语：“注意低声耳语，这样就不会听到高声尖叫。
2017年6月四级英语考试第三套题目答案全
仔细阅读（第三套） 46. According to the new report, real estate development in 2015 will witness _______. A) an accelerating speed B) a shift to city centers C) a new focus on small cites D) an ever-increasing demand 答案：B 对应原文：Urbanization — migration away from the suburbs to the city center — will be the biggest real estate trend in 2015, according to a new report.
2017年6月大学英语四级真题第一套详解及中文翻译(精品版)
2017年6月大学英语四级真题第一套详解及翻译（精品版）Part I Writing (25 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.（在校园网站上写一则广告，出售你在大学使用过的电脑。
你的广告可能包括它的品牌，规格/特征，条件和价格，和你的联系信息。
）AdvertisementThis advertisement is to sell a computer I used . The detailed information is listed as the following .At the top of the list, the brand of the computer is Lenovo, in white color. In addition, the laptop is at good condition,with its CPU and inner memory satisfying, so you can write papers , watch videos or listen to music and so on with it as morally as you do with a brand-new one. Therefore,its function, generally speaking could meet you needs, and I promise that you would love it. Last but not least, I would like to sell the computer at 3000 yuan, personally an attractive price.If you have any questions concerning the computer, please do not hesitate to contact me. And I can be reached at 8888888. Or to know more details about the computer, you could also visit me at my dorm: 111Room at Dorm 1. Please contact me by telephone before visit. Thank you very much.Li MingPart II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
英语四级真题2017年6月(第一套)试卷及答案解析
2017年6月四级考试真题（第一套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) ．．ou are a owe minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell some of the D1rect10ns: 的r this part, y ll d 30·course books you used at college. Your advertisement may include a brief description of their content, theircondition and price, and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180words.(25 minutes) Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A．Directions: In th· is section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you willhear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet Iwith a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) Human drivers become easily distracted or tired while driving.B)Most drivers have test driven cars with automatic braking features.C)Most drivers feel uncertain about the safety of self-driving cars.D)The majority of drivers prefer to drive and park themselves.2.A) Their drivers would feel safe after getting used to the automatic devices.B)They would be unpopular with drivers who only trust their own skills.C)Their increased comfort levels have boosted their sales.D)They are not actually as safe as automakers advertise.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) Thefts of snowmobile dogs in Alaska.B)A series of injuries to snowmobile drivers.C)Attacks on some Iditarod Race competitors.D)A serious accident in the Alaska sports event.4.A) A) He stayed behind to look after his injured dogs.B)He has won the Alaska Iditarod Race four times.C)He received a minor injury in the Iditarod Race.D)He has quit the competition in Alaska for good.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) It sank into the sea due to overloading.B)It ran into Nicaragua's Big Com Island.C)It disappeared between two large islands.D)It turned over because of strong winds.6.A) 13.C)30.7.A) He has helped with the rescue effort.B)He is being investigated by the police.C)He was drowned with the passengers.D)He is among those people missing. Section B B)25.D)32.．Directions: 1几th'i s section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B),C) and D) . Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) At a shopping centre.B)At a commumty college.C)At an accountancy firm.9.A) Helping out with data input.C)Sorting application forms.10.A) He enjoys using computers.C)He wants to work in the city centre.11.A) Purchase some business suits.C)Improve his programming skills.D)At an IT company.B)A盯anging interviews.D)Making phone calls.B)He needs the money badly.D)He has relevant working experience.B)Learn some computer language. D)Review some accountancy terms.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) A) They are keen on high technology.B)They are poor at technology skills.C)They often listen to National Public Radio.D)They feel superior in science and technology.13.A) Japanese.C)Americans.14.A) Emailing.C)Science.15.A) It is undergoing a drastic reform.C)It has much room for improvement. Section C B)Poles.D)Germans.B)Texting.D)Literacy.B)It lays emphasis on creative thinking.D)It prioritizes training of practical skills.Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage ,you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . Then mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) They have small roots.B)They grow white flowers.C)They taste like apples.D)They come from Central Africa.17.A) They turned from white to purple in color.B)They became popular on the world market.C)They became an important food for humans.D)They began to look like modem-day carrots.18.A) They were found quite nutritious.B)There were serious food shortages.C)People discovered their medicinal value.D)Farm machines helped lower their prices.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) She could update her family any time she liked.B)She could call up her family whenever she liked.C)She could locate her friends wherever they were.D)She could download as many pictures as she liked.20.A) She liked to inform her friends about her success.B)She enjoyed reading her friends'status updates.C)She felt quite popular among them.D)She felt she was a teenager again.21.A) She could barely respond to all her 500 Facebook friends.B)She spent more time updating her friends than her family.C)She could barely balance Facebook updates and her work.D)She didn't seem to be doing as well as her Facebook friends.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) They have strong muscles.C)They live a longer life than horses.B)They eat much less in winter.D)They can work longer than donkeys.23.A) It was a pet of a Spanish king.B)It was bought by George Washington.C)It was brought over from Spain.D)It was donated by a U.S. ambassador.24.A) They met and exchanged ideas on animal breeding.B)They participated in a mule-driving competition.C)They showed and traded animals in the market.D)They fed mules with the best food they could find.25.A) The wider use of horses.C)A shrinking animal trade.B)The arrival of tractors.D)A growing donkey population.Part ID Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank f rom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the co汀esponding letter for eachitem on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once.As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them again. During26 exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle performance can also be affected by a 27 called "central fatigue," in which an imbalance in the body's chemical messengers prevents the central nervous system from directing muscle movements 28 . It was not known , however , whether central fatigue might also affect motor systems not directly 29 in the exercise itself, such as those that move the eyes. To find out, researchers gave 11 volunteer cyclists a carbohydrate (碳水化合物的）30 either with a moderate dose of caffeine (咖啡因），which is known to stimulate the central nervous system ,or as a placebo (安慰剂）without, during 3 hours of 31 . After exercising ,the scientists tested the cyclists with eye-tracking cameras to see how well their brains could still 32 their visual system. The team found that exercise reduced the speed of rapid eye movements by about 8%, 33 their ability to capture new visual information. The caffeine, the equivalent of two strong cups of coffee, was 34 to reverse this effect, with some cyclists even displaying 35 eye movement speeds. So it might be a good idea to get someone else to drive you home after that marathon.A)cautiously B)commit C)controlD)cycling E)effectively F)increasedG)involved H)limited I)phenomenonJ)preventing K)sensitive L)slowingM)solution N)sufficient O)vigorousSection Ba passage wit ten statements attac e to it. Each statement contains Directions: In讥is section ,you are going to read·h h d·information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Team SpiritA)Teams have become the basic building blocks of organisations. Recruitment advertisements routinely call for"team players. " Business schools grade their students in part on their performance in group projects. Office managers knock down walls to encourage team building. Teams are as old as civilisation, of course: even Jesus had 12 co-workers. But a new report by Deloitte, "Global Human Capital Trends," based on a survey of more than 7,000 executives in over 130 countries, suggests that the fashion for teamwork has reached a new high.Almost half of those surveyed said their companies were either in the middle of restructuring or about to embark on (开始）it; and for the most part, restructuring meant putting more emphasis on teams.B)Companies are abandoning conventional functional departments and organising employees into cross-disciplinaryteams that focus on particular products, problems or customers. These teams are gaining more power to run their own affairs. They are also spending more time working with each other rather than reporting upwards. Deloitte argues that a new organisational form is on the rise: a network of teams is replacing the conventional hierarchy （等级体制）．C)The fashion for teams is driven by a sense that the old way of organising people is too rigid for both the modemmarketplace and the expectations of employees. Technological innovation places greater value on agility (灵活性）. John Chambers, chairman of Cisco Systems Inc. ,a worldwide leader in electronics products, says that "we compete against market transitions (过渡），not competitors. Product transitions used to take five or seven years; now they take one or two. "Digital technology also makes it easier for people to co-ordinate their activities without resorting to hierarchy. The "millennials" (千禧一代）who will soon make up half the workforce in rich countries were raised from nursery school onwards to work in groups.D)The fashion for teams is also spreading from the usual corporate suspects (such as GE and IBM) to some moreunusual ones. The Cleveland Clinic, a hospital operator, has reorganised its medical staff into teams to focus on particular treatment areas; consultants, nurses and others collaborate closely instead of being separated by speciality (专业）and rank. The US Army has gone the same way. In his book, Team of Teams ,General Stanley McChrystal describes how the army's hierarchicalstructure hindered its operations during the early stages of the Iraq war. His solution was to learn something from the rebels it was fighting: decentralising authority to self-organising teams.E)A good rule of thumb is that as soon as generals and hospital administrators jump on a management bandwagon（追随一种管理潮流），it is time to ask questions. Leigh Thompson of Kellogg School of Management in Illinois warns that, "Teams are not always the answer—teams may provide insight, creativity and knowledge ina way that a person working independently cannot; but teamwork may also lead to confusion, delay and poordecision-making." The late Richard Hackman of Harvard University once argued, "I have no question that when you have a team, the possibility exists that it will generate magic, producing something extraordinary. ..But don't count on it. "F)Hackman (who died in 2013) noted that teams are hindered by problems of co-ordination and motivation thatchip away at the benefits of collaboration. High-flyers (能干的人）who are forced to work in teams may be undervalued and free-riders empowered. Group-think may be unavoidable. In a study of旦Q teams of senior executives, he discovered that less than 10% of their supposed members agreed on who exactly was on the team.If it is hard enough to define a team's membership, agreeing on its purpose is harder still.G)Profound changes in the workforce are making teams trickier to manage. Teams work best if their members havea strong common culture. This is hard to achieve when, as is now the case in many big firms, a large proportionof staff are temporary contractors. Teamwork improves with time: America's National Transportation Safety Board found that 73% of the incidents in its civil-aviation database occurred on a crew's first day of flying together. However, as Amy Edmondson of Harvard points out, organisations increasingly use "team" as a verb rather than a noun: they form teams for specific purposes and then quickly disband them.H)The least that can be concluded from this research is that companies need to think harder about managing teams.They need to rid their minds of sentimentalism (感情用事）：the most successful teams have leaders who are able to set an overall direction and take immediate action. They need to keep teams small and focused: giving in to pressure to be more "inclusive" is a guarantee of dysfunction. Jeff Bezos, Amazon's boss, says that "If I see more than two pizzas for lunch, the team is too big. "They need to immunise teams against group-think: Hackman argued that the best ones contain "deviants" (离经叛道者）who are willing to do something that maybe upsetting to others.I) A new study of 12,000 workers in 17 countries by Steelcase, a furniture-maker which also does consulting, findsthat the best way to ensure employees are "engaged" is to give them more control over where and how they do their work—which may mean liberating them from having to do everything in collaboration with others.J)However, organisations need to learn something bigger than how to manage teams better: they need to be in the habit of asking themselves whether teams are the best tools for the job. Team-building skills are in short supply: Deloitte reports that only 12% of the executives they contacted feel they understand the way people work together in networks and only 21 %feel confident in their ability to build cross-functional teams. Loosely managed teams can become hotbeds of distraction—employees routinely complain that they can't get their work done because they are forced to spend too much time in meetings or compelled to work in noisy offices. Even in the age of openplan offices and social networks some work is best left to the individual.36.Successful team leaders know exactly where the team should go and are able to take prompt action.37.Decentralisation of authority was also found to be more effective in military operations.38.In many companies, the conventional form of organisation is giving way to a network of teams.39.Members of poorly managed teams are easily distracted from their work.40.Teamwork is most effective when team members share the same culture.41.According to a report by Deloitte, teamwork is becoming increasingly popular among companies.42.Some team members find it hard to agree on questions like membership and the team's purpose.43.Some scholars think teamwork may not always be reliable, despite its potential to work wonders.44.To ensure employees'commitment, it is advisable to give them more flexibility as to where and how they work.45.Product transitions take much less time now than in the past.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) ,B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice andmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Shoppers in the UK are spending less money on toilet paper to save money ,research has shown.Penny-pinching UK consumers choose cheaper products from discounters such as Aldi and Lidl rather than luxury alternatives.This has wiped 6% off the value of the soft tissue paper market in the UK. It has shrunk from£1. 19 billion in 2011 to£1. 12 billion in 2015, according to a new report from market research company Mintel. Furthermore, the future of the market looks far from rosy ,with sales expected to fall further to£1. 11 billion in 2016.In the last year alone ,despite an increase in the UK population and a subsequent rise in the number of households, sales of toilet paper fell by 2 % , with the average household reducing their toilet roll spending from£43 in 2014 to£41 in 2015.Overall, almost three in five people say they try to limit the让usage of paper—including facial tissue and kitchen roll—to save money. "Strength, softness and thickness remain the leading indicators of toilet paper quality, with just a small proportion of consumers preferring more luxurious alternatives, such as those with flower patterns or perfume, "said Mintel analyst Jack Duckett. " T hese extra features are deemed unnecessary by the majority of shoppers ,which probably reflects how these types of products are typically more expensive than regular toilet paper,even when on special offer."While consumers are spending less on toilet paper, they remain fussy—in theory at least—when it comes to paper quality. Top of Britons'toliet paper wish list is softness (57%) followed by strength (45%) and thickness (36%).One in 10 buyers rank toliet rolls made from recycled paper among their top considerations, highlighting how overall the environment is much less of a consideration for shoppers than product quality. In a challenge for manufacturers ,81 %of paper product users said they would consider buying recycled toilet tissue if it were comparable in quality to standard paper.46. The market sales of toilet paper have decreased because.A)Britons have cut their spending on itB)its prices have gone up over the yearsC)its quality has seen marked improvementD)Britons have developed the habit of saving4 7. What does the author think of the future of the tissue paper market in the UK?A)It will expand in time.B)It will remam gloomy.C)It will experience ups and downs.D)It will recover as population grows.48. What does Jack Duckett say about toilet paper?A)Special offers would promote its sales.B)Consumers are loyal to certain brands.C)Luxurious features add much to the price.D)Consumers have a variety to choose from.49. What do we learn about Britons concerning toilet paper?A)They are particular about the quality of toilet paper.B)They emphasize the strength of toilet paper the most.C)They prefer cheap toilet paper to recycled toilet paper.D)They reject using toilet paper with unnecessary features.50. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A)More and more Britons buy recycled toilet paper to protect the environment.B)Toilet paper manufacturers are facing a great challenge in promoting its sales.C)Toilet paper manufacturers compete with one another to improve product quality.D)Environmental protection is not much of a concern when Britons buy toilet paper.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage."One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger, " says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.By studying about 700 adult smokers ,she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and completely.In her study, participants were randomly (随机地）assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine (尼古丁）patches before they quit ,in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement , like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit day.Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it—more than one-fifth of them, comparedto about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they'd rather cut down gradually before quitting. "If you're training for a marathon, you wouldn't expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think,'Well, if I gradually reduce, it's like practice,"'says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasn't the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravi ngs (瘾）and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. "Regardless of your stated preference, if you're ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective," says Dr. Gabriela Ferre让a." W hen you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that's compelling. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it," Ferreira says.People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.51. What does Lindson-Hawley say about her mother?A)She quit smoking with her daughter's help.B)She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly.C)She was also a researcher of tobacco and health.D)She studied the smoking patterns of adult smokers.52. What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson-Hawley's study?A)They were given physical training.B)They were looked after by physicians.C)They were encouraged by psychologists.D)They were offered nicotine replacements.53.How does Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson-Hawley's experiment?A)It is idealized.B)It is unexpected.C)It is encouraging.D)It is misleading.54.The idea of "a marathon" (Line 2, Para. 5) illustrates the popular belief that quitting smoking.A)is something few can accomplish B)needs some practice firstC)requires a lot of patience D)is a challenge at the beginning55. What happens when people try to quit smoking gradually?A)They find it even more difficult.B)They are simply unable to make it.C)They show fewer withdrawal symptoms.D)They feel much less pain in the process.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions : 的r this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage f rom Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。
2017年6月四级三套卷-翻译核心词汇解析
【套卷一】①长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。
②长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。
③长江流域(river basin)居住着中国三分之一的人口。
④长江在中国历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用。
⑤长江三角洲(delta)产出多达20%的中国国民生产总值。
⑥几千年来，长江一直被用于供水、运输和工业生产。
⑦长江上还坐落着世界最大的水电站。
【核心表达】多种不同的生态系统：a wide array of ecosystems栖息地：habitat濒危物种：endangered species起着很大的作用：plays a(n)important/large/significant/essential rolein/act as/function as国民生产总值：GNP(Gross National Product)GDP (gross domestic production)被用于供水、运输和工业生产: be used for watersupply/irrigation, transportation and industrial production世界上最大的水电站: the largest hydro-power station in theworld【套卷二】珠江是华南第一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄河。
珠江三角洲是中国最发达的地区之一，面积约11，000平方公里。
它在面积和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集区。
珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有5,700多万人口。
上世纪70年代末中国改革开放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一。
Two commas 1,000,000【核心表达】珠江：The Pearl River/The Zhujiang River长江：The Yangtze River/The Changjiang River黄河：The Yellow River/The Huanghe River流经：flows through/across平方公里：square kilometers上世纪70年代末：in the late 1970s中国改革开放以来：since the reform and opening up主要经济区域: major/leading economic regions制造中心: manufacturing centers三角洲 delta【套卷三】黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。
2017年6月大学英语四级翻译真题及答案（第一套）
*
1.直译与意译
对于英语四级的翻译来说，要求⼤家把直译与意译联系起来，两种译法可以并⽤，互相补充。
⽆论是直译还是意译，⼤家要明⽩英汉结构的差异，英语表达常按句内主次从属并列关系排列，句⼦之间的修饰词及限定语较多;汉语短句多，动词多，并且汉语会有重复。
那么在翻译的时候要注意英汉之间的转化。
2.拆译与合译
汉译英的时候，需要拆译的都是长句⼦，或者是结构复杂的句⼦。
这种句⼦如果译成⼀个长句，就会使译⽂冗长、累赘、意思表达不清楚，也不符合英⽂习惯。
这种情况下就可以进⾏拆译。
⼀般来说，可以从主语转变出拆分，从关联词拆分，从意义完整、独⽴处拆分，从原句总说分述处拆分。
3.换序翻译
汉语是分析型的语⾔，语序⽐较固定。
⽽英语则是分析、综合参半的语⾔，语序⽐较灵活。
英语与汉语相同的是主语、谓语和宾语的位置，不同的是状语和定语的位置。
所以在汉译英的时候，要适当的将译⽂的语序进⾏转调调整。
汉译英时的换序主要包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语的转换。
4.转态翻译
⼀般来说，英语⾥运⽤被动语态的频率明显⾼于汉语，但是汉语多采⽤主动语态。
语态的变换基于多种原因，概括起来说，主要是：为了强调接受动作的⼈或事物的重要性;为了加强上下⽂的连贯性;为了使措辞得当，语⽓委婉;不需要或者不可能说出施动者。
我说的这些可能不够全⾯，但是希望能给⼤家带来帮助。
⼤家如果想看更详细的，可以买⼀本巨微英语，⾥⾯不仅有翻译的解题技巧，还有阅读、作⽂、听⼒的，很不错。
2017年6月大学英语四级翻译真题附参考答案（2）
2017年6月大学英语四级翻译真题附参考答案(2)2017年6月大学英语四级翻译技巧英语四级翻译应该是全部题型中最好拿分的，在翻译时一定要以理解为首要原则，下面店铺还给大家介绍了几种四级翻译技巧，考生们可以参照一下!一、增词在段落翻译时，为了能充分的表达原文含义，以求达意，翻译时有必要增加词语来使英文的表达更加顺畅。
例如：虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。
译文为： Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind。
其中间加上了增连词whereas，以使英语的句子表达更加有逻辑性。
二、减词考生要明白，英语的表达倾向简洁，汉语比较喜欢重复，重复作为汉语的一种修辞手法，在某种场合下，重复的表达一个意思，是为了强调，加强语气。
汉语中为了有更强的节奏感和押韵，也经常会出现排比句。
考生在翻译这些句子时，为了符合英文表达的逻辑，就要有所删减或省略。
例如：这是革命的春天，这是人民的春天，这是科学的春天!让我们张开双臂，热烈拥抱这个春天吧!译文为：Let us stretch out our arms to embrace the spring, which is one of the revolution, of the people, and of science。
以上的汉语是比较重复的排比句，汉译英时考生要遵守英语的逻辑表达，加上定语从句来翻译，这样英文句子读起来也朗朗上口。
三、词类转换英语语言的一个很重要的特点，就是词类变形和词性转换，尤其是名词、动词、形容词之间的转换。
例如：她的书给我们的印象很深。
译文为：Her book impressed us deeply。
在此翻译中汉语中的名词印象转化成英语中的动词impress。
四、语态转换语态分为被动语态和主动语态，汉语中主动语态使用率较高，英语中被动语态的使用率较高。
所以考生在翻译时，要注意语态之间的转换。
英语四级真题2017年6月大学英语四级第三套大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷及参考答案
2017年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案解析（第三套完整版）Part I WritingDirections:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college.Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications features,condition and price,and your contact information.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.【参考范文】Your Ultimate Choice---the Ultimate ComputerDo you need a computer in the new semester?Still depressed for not being able to afford a new computer?Good news for you!My computer may be an available option for you to take into consideration.To begin with,it’s an Apple laptop which was bought two years ago at the price of10,000RMB.It is now in good condition and fully functional.Besides,my laptop is portable so that you can take it to anywhere you want.The storage space is big enough for you to do any assignments, including editing and drawing.Finally,with the dual-core processor and high-performance video card,it can be unimpeded when you play online games and watch videos.So if you are eager to have a computer of your own,please do not hesitate to call me at1234567.I will offer you a50%discount!【解析】“available”意思为“可获得的”；“take into consideration”意思为“考虑”；“storage space”意思为“存储空间”；“dual-core processor”意思为“双核处理器”；“unimpeded”意思为“畅通无阻的”。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2017年6月大学英语四级考试翻译真题及参考译文-珠江
来源：文都教育
2017年6月17日上午的大学英语四级考试已经结束了。
文都英语老师相信关注这次考试的除了参加本次大学英语四级考试的学子外，还有一些准备参加下次四级的“早起鸟”们。
为帮助考生们更透彻的了解本次大学英语四级考试真题翻译模块的答题情况，文都英语老师将给大家带来大学英语四级翻译真题及参考译文。
【题目】
珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄河。
珠江三角洲（delta）是中国最发达的地区之一，面积约11,000平方公里。
它在面积和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集区。
珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有5,700多万人口。
上世纪70年代末中国改革开放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一。
【参考译文】
The Pearl River, an extensive river system in southern China, flows through Guangzhou City. It is China’s third-longest river which is only after the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) is one of the most developed regions in China with an area of about 11,000 square kilometers. It is the largest urban area in the world in both size and population. The nine largest cities of PRD have a population of over 57 million in total. Since China's reform and openness was adopted by the Chinese government in the late 1970s, the Delta has become one of the leading economic regions and a major manufacturing center of China and the world.
【部分结构翻译】
河系：river system；
珠江三角洲：The Pearl River Delta；
城市聚集区：the largest urban area；
中国改革开放：China's reform and openness；
长江：the Yangtze River；
中国最发达的地区之一：one of the most developed regions in China；
以上，就是文都教育给大家带来的大学英语四级真题翻译模块的参考译文，希望能够对各位考生有所助益。