高考英语语法专题精讲精练状语从句
高中英语语法状语从句精讲
高中英语语法状语从句精讲状语从句(Adverbial Clause状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。
它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。
根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。
状语从句一般由连词(从属连词引导,也可以由词组引起。
从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
定义在句子中充当除谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs。
非谓语动词也是动词的一种,他们有着动词的其他特点,可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。
非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。
状语从句的种类1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.目的状语从句6.让步状语从句7.比较状语从句8.方式状语从句9.结果状语从句状语从句的时态特点一般情况下,时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”,用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。
例如:I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我到北京就将给你打电话。
(这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句,从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时,表示一般将来时,决不可用will arrive As soon as I have finished this work,I will go home.我一完成此工作,就回家。
(从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished,表示将来完成时,决不可用will h ave finishedIf he comes back,please let me know.如果他回来了,请通知我。
(从句中的谓语动词用comes back,表示一般将来时,决不可用will come back状语从句讲解和练习状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
高考英语状语从句精讲(15页)
状语从句高考英语状语从句精讲一什么是状语从句二状语从句位置三状语从句分类四特殊句式五状语从句常见考点六练一练一什么是状语从句状语从句是行使状语功能的从句,因为其作用相当于副词,它可以用来修饰谓语、定语、状语或整个句子。
状语从句通常由一个连接词或起连接词作用的词组引导。
二状语从句位置比较灵活,有时可以放于句首,有时可以置于句末。
状语从句位于句首时,其后常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。
三状语从句分类让步状语though, although, even though, whilewhether,whoever/no matter who,whatever/ n o m atter w hat,whenever/no matter Even t hough y ou s ay s o, I d o n ot believe it.比较状语than as…as,the more…the more The m ore I s ee him ,t he l ess I l ike h im. 方式状语as, as if , as though He t old m e e verything a s i f I w ere h isbest friend.四特殊句式时间状语中A:It +b e +时间点+ w hen……当某事发生时是什么时候It was 11:00 PM when he came back last night.B:It i s/has b een +时间段+s ince……自从某事发生后已过了多久时间It i s /has b een t wo y ears s ince I e ntered t he t he s enior s chool.C:It + be +时间段+before……在某事发生之前需要多久时间It was 8 years before we finally drove away the Japanese invaders.It m ight b e a l ong t ime b efore C hinese l and o n t he m oon.让步状语从句A: as 引导的让步状语从句,从句的表语、状语必须前置到句首。
高考必考语法精讲精练专题十一:并列句与状语从句(含解析)
高考必考语法精讲精练专题十一:并列句与状语从句(含解析)-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题十一:并列句与状语从句状语从句是比较重要的语法项目。
《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中将状语从句列为必考项。
全国卷新课标Ⅰ对状语从句的考查一般在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错中,主要考查从句引导词的用法。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第43题(完形填空)考查了状语从句引导词Since/Although /As /If的选择。
2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。
一、并列句(一) 并列连词①They come from the same country,and they are good friends.②I was glad to meet Jenny again, but I didn't want to spend all day withher.(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ)③It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.④Yesterday, I forgot to pick my daughter up, so she waited in the kindergarten for nearly two hours.⑤Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?规律总结:1.表示并列、顺承关系的并列连词有and。
2. 表示转折关系常用的并列连词有but, yet(然而), whereas(然而,但是), while(然而)等。
3.表示因果关系的并列连词有for, so等。
4.表示选择关系常用的并列连词有or, either ... or ..., not ... but, neither ... nor ...等。
高考英语一轮复习 基础语法精讲及真题练习12 状语从句高三全册英语试题
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校专题12 状语从句一、状语从句概览二、语法详解在复合句中作状语的从句叫做状语从句。
状语从句可以位于主句之前,也可以位于主句之后。
1.时间状语从句1.when, while和as引导的时间状语从句连词含义用法when当……时候可与延续性动词或非延续性动词连用;从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生while当……时候只可与延续性动词连用;侧重于主句动作与从句动作相对比as一边……一边……;随着常与延续性动词连用;从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生1.Researchers in Britain found that when French music wasplayed, sales of French wines went up.2.While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words andimages.3.As he grew older, he became less active.[特别注意] 如果主句表示的是非延续性动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作,则when, while与as可互换使用。
When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend.2.表示“一……就……”含义的词或短语引导的时间状语从句(1)有的名词(短语)或副词可引导时间状语从句,如:the moment, theminute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly,instantly等,另外as soon as也可引导时间状语从句,从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。
For example, the moment you get on the airplane, startadjusting your biological clock to the destination's time.The boy ran off the minute he saw the owner of the orchard.(2)在hardly/scarcely ... when和no sooner ... than ...结构中,主句用过去完成时,than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
高考必考语法精讲精练专题十一:并列句与状语从句(含解析)
高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题十一:并列句与状语从句状语从句是比较重要的语法项目。
《2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中将状语从句列为必考项。
全国卷新课标Ⅰ对状语从句的考查一般在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错中,主要考查从句引导词的用法。
2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。
2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ第43题(完形填空)考查了状语从句引导词Since /Although /As /If 的选择。
2020年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。
一、并列句(一) 并列连词①They come from the same country,and they are good friends.②I was glad to meet Jenny again, but I didn't want to spend all day with her.(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ)③It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.④Yesterday, I forgot to pick my daughter up, so she waited in the kindergarten for nearly two hours.⑤Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?规律总结:1.表示并列、顺承关系的并列连词有and。
2. 表示转折关系常用的并列连词有but, yet(然而), whereas(然而,但是), while(然而)等。
3.表示因果关系的并列连词有for, so等。
4.表示选择关系常用的并列连词有or, either ... or ..., not ... but, neither ... nor ...等。
(二) 祈使句+and/or/otherwise句式①Work hard and you will succeed.=If you work hard, you will succeed.②Hurry up or we will be late.=If you don't hurry up, we will be late.③A few more efforts and you will succeed.=If you make a few more efforts, you will succeed.规律总结:1.祈使句+and+陈述句=If ...,+主句。
高考英语 重难点语法讲解-状语从句
状语从句1.引导状语从句的连词时间状语从句when(as、while)(当……时候)、since(自从)、before(在……之前)、after(在……之后)、until(till)(直到……才)、whenever(每当)、once (一旦)、every time(每当)、the day(在……那天)、as soon as(一……就)、hardly(scarcely)……when(一……就)、no sooner……than(一……就)、instantly(immediately、directly)(一……就)、the moment(minute、second、instant)(一……就)地点状语从句where(在……地方)、wherever(在任何地方)、every where(在每个地方)原因状语从句because(as、for)(因为)、since(既然)、when(既然)、now(that)(既然)、in that(因为、既然)条件状语从句if(如果)、unless(除非)、as(so)long as(只要)、providing (provided)(that)(假如)、suppose(supposing)(that)(假如)、in case(如果)、only if(如果)、if only(但愿、如果……就好了)、on condition that(条件是)让步状语从句though(although)(虽然)、even if(even though)(即使)、while(虽然、尽管)、whatever(no matter what)(无论如何)、whenever(no matter when)(无论何时)、wherever(no matter where)(无论哪里)、whoever(no matter who)(无论谁)、however(no matter how)(无论怎样)、for all(that)(尽管)、granting(granted) that(即使)、whether……or(不论……还是)、in spite of (despite)the fact that(不管)结果状语从句so that(so、that)(结果)、so(such)……that(如此……以至于)、but that(but)(要不是)目的状语从句so that(so、that)(为了、以使)、lest(以防)、in case(以防、以免)、for fear that(以防)、in order that(为了)比较状语从句than(比……)、as……as(像……一样)、not so(as)……as (不像……一样)、(not)the same as((不)同……一样)、not so as(不如)、(not)such……as((不)如……)方式状语从句as(像……、犹如……)、as if(as though)(好像、仿佛)、the way(……的样子)2、时间状语从句(表示时间的状语从句)①when、whenever、while和aswhen意为“当……时候”,表示某个具体的时间。
高考英语语法复习系列讲座-状语从句
语法复习六:状语从句由从句担任的状语,在句⼦中可修饰谓语(或其它动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句⼦,它可以⽤来表⽰时间、地点、原因、⽬的、结果、条件、⽅式、⽐较、让步等。
状语从句是⼀较⼤的语法项⽬,也是近⼏年⾼考题中常见的⼀个重要试点。
⾼考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、⽬的等状语从句,这些从句仍是今后⾼考热点,应作充分准备。
同时对⽅式状语从句也应引起重视。
(⼀)时间状语从句表⽰时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导。
e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.He started as soon as he received the news.Once you see him, you will never forget him.No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.(⼆)原因状语从句原因状语从句是表⽰原因或理由的,引导这类从句的最常⽤的连词是because, since, as , now that(既然)等,for 表⽰因果关系时(它引导的不是从句)为并列连词,语⽓不如because强。
e.g. He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.As it is raining, I will not go out.Now that you mention it, I do remember.(三)地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。
专题09 比较状语从句-高考英语状语从句精讲及练习
专题9 比较状语从句【例句及用法】比较状语从句通常由as或than引导,as(同级比较),than(不同程度的比较);特殊引导词:the more … the more …,no … more than,not so much as。
分为原级比较、比较级和最高级三种情况。
例如:1. My hometown is as beautiful as Hangzhou. 我的家乡和杭州一样美丽。
2.The more we can do for you, the happier we will be.为你们做得越多我们就越感到高兴。
3. The film today is not so interesting as the one yesterday.今天的电影不如昨天的那个有意思。
【考点1】as...as...:和……一样……He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep.他醒来得和入睡一样突然。
(第一个as是副词)I have never seen so much rain as fell that February.我从未见过像那个二月那么多雨。
(否定结构常用so…as...,也可用as...as...)【考点2】than比The youth of today are better off than we used to be.今天的年轻人比我们过去的境况要好。
【考点3】no more than只不过(嫌少的意思)I have no more than two pens.我只有两支笔。
【考点4】not more than不如……(前者不如后者)Jack is not more diligent than John.捷克不如约翰勤奋。
【考点5】The most…in/of......:……中最……的一个This book is the most interesting of the three.这本书是三本中最有趣的。
高考英语必考点专题——状语从句(精讲深剖)(含解析)
专题13 状语从句——精讲深剖一.语法填空1.(2019·新课标II卷)I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made over the years. I work not because I have to, ______ because I want to.”【答案】but【解析】考查并列连词。
根据句意逻辑可知,此处为转折关系,句意:我工作不是因为我不得不做,而是因为我想做。
此处用but与前文not 呼应,构成“不是……而是……”之意,故填but。
2.(2019·新课标III卷)On our way to the house,it was raining ______ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.【答案】so【解析】考查副词。
句意:在我们去那座房子的路上,雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。
“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。
故填so。
3.(2018·北京高考改编)________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.【答案】If【解析】句意:如果我们不阻止气候变化,世界上的许多动植物将会消失。
根据句意可知,此处应该用 if 引导条件状语从句,表示主句内容发生的条件。
4.(2018·天津高考改编)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so _______ they get sweet enough to be eaten.【答案】that【解析】so that “以便;为了”,在此处引导目的状语从句。
高考英语语法专题讲与练之状语从句
高考英语语法专题讲与练◉专题十一状语从句状语从句分类状语从句名称连接词时间状语从句when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till/until, since, once, as soon as/the moment, by the time, no sooner…than, hardly…when, every time等地点状语从句where和wherever条件状语从句if, unless, as long as, on condition that, if only(=if)原因状语从句because, since, as, now that(既然)结果状语从句so that(从句谓语动词一般没有情态动词), so…that, such…that目的状语从句so, so that(从句谓语常有情态动词), in order that, in case(以防,以免)让步状语从句although, though, as(常用倒装结构), even if/though, however, whatever,whether…or, no matter who(when, what, where…)等比较状语从句than, as…as, the more…the more方式状语从句as, as if/though, the way, rather than等一、时间状语从句1. while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别(1) while引导的状语从句中谓语动词必须是持续性动词。
谓语动词多为进行时或状态动词的一般时。
此时可与when互换。
如:Please keep quiet while/when others are studying. 当别人正在学习时,请保持安静。
(2) when除可指一段时间外,还可用来指时间点,等于“at the time”,即when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是瞬间的,也可以是持续性的。
高考英语语法复习:八种状语从句的用法
高考英语语法复习:八种状语从句的用法状语从句状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、方式、结果、条件、让步等八种。
一、时间状语从句:引导词有after,before,as,once,since,till,until,when,whenever,while,as soon as,the moment/minute…(一…就),the time,the day,every time,next time,each time,by the time of,no sooner…than(一…就),ha rdly…when(一…就).例如:Each/Every time he comes here,he will drop in on me.每次他来这儿他都顺便看我.He was ill last time I saw him.上次我见到他时他病了.No sooner had she heard the news than she cried.她一听到这个消息就哭了.[辨析]when与whilewhen引导的从句动词可以是延续性的或短暂性的,while引导的从句中动词必须是延续性的;在“be…when…”句式中when表“at that time(就在这时)”意,这样用的when不能换为while;while有时并不表示时间,而表示对比,意“而”、“却”,when无这样的用法。
例如:When I got home I found the door locked./While(或When)we were working in the fields,it suddenly began to rain./He was wandering through the streets when a bike hit him./His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.[辨析]till与until一般情况下可以互换,但until可以位于句首,till则不能。
高考英语语法学习之状语从句精讲讲义
2024年高中英语语法学习之状语从句精讲英语状语从句是英语学习中的一个重要考点,下面将针对英语状语从句进行考点归纳。
一、时间状语从句时间状语从句是语法中的一个重要考点,下面是一些常见的时间状语从句: when:表示某个时间点或时间段,如“I will arrive at the airport when the plane takes off.”before:表示某个时间点或时间段之前,如“I will eat breakfast before I go to work.”after:表示某个时间点或时间段之后,如“I will finish my homework after I have dinner.”while:表示某个时间点或时间段持续,如“I was studying while she was sleeping.”as soon as:表示某个时间点或时间段一过去就发生,如“I will call you as soon as I get home.”until:表示某个时间点或时间段一直持续,如“I won't leave until I have finished my work.”since:表示某个时间点或时间段以来,如“I have been living in this city since I moved here last year.”when/while/as:这些词都可以引导时间状语从句,但它们的使用略有不同,需要根据具体语境选择使用哪个。
需要注意的是,如果主句是一般将来时,从句只能用一般现在时,如“I will go to the store tomorrow”中的“tomorrow”就是时间状语从句。
二、地点状语从句地点状语从句是语法中的一个重要考点,下面是一些常见的地点状语从句: where:表示某个地点,如“I will go to the store where I bought the groceries.”that:表示某个地点或位置,如“I saw a beautiful sunset over that mountain.”which:表示某个地点或位置,如“The building which is on fire needs to be evacuated immediately.”where/that/which:这些词都可以引导地点状语从句,但它们的使用略有不同,需要根据具体语境选择使用哪个。
考点07状语从句(核心考点精讲精练)-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(上海专用)(学生版)
考点07 状语从句(核心考点精讲精练)近3年真题考点分布【思维导图】【知识梳理】★九种状语从句梳理(时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、方式、让步、比较)➢考点一、时间状语从句1.when,while和as引导的时间状语从句While some people are motivated by a need for success,others are motivated by a fear of failure.尽管有些人被成功的渴望所激励,但也有一些人却被失败的恐惧所激发。
As the average age of the population increases,there are more and more old people to care for.随着人口平均年龄的增长,有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
2.表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句(1)as soon as,the moment,the minute,the instant,immediately,directlyThe moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work,she was filled with joy.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭,那一刻她欣喜万分。
(2)在hardly...when...,no sooner...than...结构中,主句用过去完成时,than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly got to the office,when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.我刚到办公室,妻子就打电话让我回家。
3.before,since引导的时间状语从句(1) before表示“在……之前;还未……就……;还没有来得及……就……”。
常用句式:It will be/was+一段时间+before...过了……时间才……;It won't be/wasn't+一段时间+before...没过多久就……。
高考英语状语从句语法知识点精讲(推荐)
高考英语状语从句语法知识点梳理(名师总结基础语法知识点,值得下载)在复合句中修饰主句或主句中的某一成分的从句叫状语从句。
状语从句通常由从属连词或起连词作用的词组引导,有时甚至不需要连词直接和主句连接起来。
状语从句根据它表达的意思不同,可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等九类。
一、时间状语从句时间状语从句是表示时间关系的从句。
可以引导时间状语从句的连词很多,根据意义和主从句之间的时间关系,通常可分为以下几种情况:A.when, while, as, wheneverwhen, while, as表示主句谓语作和从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。
1.when①when表示点时间时,从句中用短暂性动词;表示段时间时,用持续性动词。
When I got home, my family were already having dinner.我到家的时候,全家已在吃晚饭。
(when表示点时间)When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in.当他们还在说笑的时候,老师进来了。
(when表示段时间)He waved a hello when he saw her.当他看见她的时候,就挥手打了个招呼。
(when表示点时间)When you think you know nothing, you begin to know something.当你认为自己一无所知的时候,就开始知道一些事情了。
(when表示段时间)注意:当when意思是正当……时候(and at that moment)时,when只能跟在前一分句之后。
He was about to go to bed when the doorbel rang.他正要上床,忽然门铃响了。
They were watching the World Cup when suddenly the lights went out.他们正看着世界杯比赛,突然灯灭了。
高考英语语法要点细讲精练状语从句精选
高考英语语法要点细讲精练状语从句【考纲解读】状语从句是高考的热点之一.状语从句又称为副词性从句,包括时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句等.要求考生要充分理解和掌握状语从句的用法.考查的重点集中在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和目的状语从句.试题的设置呈现综合性和交叉性,往往与定语从句和名词性从句结合起来考查,尤其对于不同性质的连词,要注意其在不同的语境中所表示的不同意义,例如as既能引导时间状语从句,又能引导原因状语从句和让步状语从句.所以正确地把握题干的语境意义和上下文的逻辑关系,是做好状语从句试题的关键所在.同时我们也要善于区分容易混淆的近似连词的用法.由此可见,对状语从句的考查在将来的高考中仍是重头戏.因此,在平常的学习中,理解、区分、掌握引导状语从句的关联词,搞清主从句的语意及逻辑关系,是做好状语从句题的关键所在.【知识要点】定义:用来充当状语的句子称为状语从句.功能:它主要用于修饰句子中的谓语动词、形容词或副词等,有时修饰整个句子.位置:状语从句的位置较活:可以放在主句之前,用逗号与主句隔开;也可以放在主句之后,一般不用逗号.由于它是从各个方面来修饰、说明谓语动词发生时的各种情况,所以常见的状语从句有九种之多.各种不同的状语从句所使用的关系词也各不相同.一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词有很多,现将分类用法如下:1.从属连词when,while与as连词用法谓语动词意义例句when 从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生.可以指时间的某个点,也指一段时间.延续性动词非延续性动词当……时候When they heardthe news,they alljumped with joy.I owed Jack $ 100when I was inLondon.as 从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生.可以指时间的某个点,也指一段时间. 延续性动词非延续性动词随着……一边……;一边……当……时候The students sangas they walked.As he stood up,hedropped the glass,breaking it intopieces.whi le从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生,强调一段时间.从句中常用过去进行时态或一般过去延续性动词当……时候在……期While I wasreading,he came in.I made someforeign friends时态. 间while I was inLondon.注: 1)when还可作并列连词,其意义为“那时,这时”,相当于and at this/that time.常用于以下句式:sb.was doing sth.when...某人正在干某事就在这时……sb.was about to/ going to do sth.when...某人正打算干某事就在这时……sb.body has just done somesth.when...某人刚干了某事就在这时……2)when还表示原因“既然”.如:It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk here in five minutes.既然你可以步行五分钟就能到这儿,坐出租车来真是愚蠢.3)while作为并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比.He likes pop music,while I am fond of folk music.他喜欢流行音乐,而我却喜欢民间音乐.4)如果主句表示的是短暂动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时,when,while与as可互换使用.如:When/While/As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine.我在街道上走的时候,见到了我的一个老朋友.2.从属连词:as soon as,immediately,directly,the moment,the minute,nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely... when...,once这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即就发生,意为“一……就……”.从句中用一般时态代替将来时态.如:Once you remember it,you’ll never forget it.一旦你记住它,就永远不会忘记.The moment I heard the voice,.我一听到声音,就知道是父亲来了.No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.我们一到达车站,车就开了.注:no sooner...than...; hardly/scarcely...when...这一结构的时态搭配:no sooner与hardly/scarcely引导的主句谓语动词应用过去完成时,而than与when的从句中谓语应用一般过去时.此外,当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时,应用倒装语序.我一到家,天就开始下雨了.I had hardly got home when it began to rain.→Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.3.till,until (not...until/till...直到……才)连词用法动词意义例句till/unt主语和从句都主句的动词一直到……为I’ll stay hereil 用肯定式为连续性动词止till/until therain stops.not...ti ll/until主句用否定形式,从句用肯定形式主句的动词为非连续性动词直到……才He didn’t gohome till/untilhe finished hishomework.注:1) till不可以置于句首,而until可以置于句首.如:Until you told me I had no idea of it.直到你告诉我,我对此事才有所了解.2)如果将“not until...”结构放在句首,那么主句要写成倒装句.如:Not until we pointed out their fault to them did they realize it.直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误,他们才意识到.4.every time,each time,next time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句,表示“每当……,每次……,下次……”.如:Every/Each time I was in trouble,.每次我遇到麻烦,他总会来帮我.e,do remember to bring your son here.下次你来的时候,一定要记得把你儿子带来.5.从属连词:before(在……之前),after(在……之后),since(自从……以来).如:Please remember to turn off all the lights before you leave the classroom.离开教室前,请记得把所有的灯都关上.注:1)上述三个连词,既是从属连词,也是介词.2)若表达“还未……就……”“不到……就……”“……才……”“趁……,还没来得及”时,需用连词before.如:We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地.We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了.Please write it down before you forget it.趁你现在没忘把它记下来.二、地点状语从句1.常用的引导词有where(在……地方),wherever(无论在什么地方)等.指具体地点时,从句可用于主句之前或之后,表示抽象条件时,从句须放在主句之前.如:The university graduates are determined to go wherever they are needed most.那些大学毕业生们决心去最需要他们的地方.They are planting trees where there is plenty of water and sunlight.他们在阳光雨水充分的地方植树.Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成.2.注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句.你最好在有问题的地方作个标记.You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.(状语从句)You’d better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.(定语从句)三、条件状语从句1.常用的引导词有if(如果,假如),unless(除非,要不……就不),as long as(只要),so long as(只要),provided (that)(只要),suppose/supposing(假设),on condition (that)(如果)等.如:.除非我能提前完成那个项目,否则我最近不会来看你了.We can surely attain our goal as long as we are united as one.只要我们团结一致,我们肯定能实现我们的目标.What shall we do if we can not get the necessary data?如果我们弄不到必要的数据,我们怎么办?They promised to let us have a meeting in their office on condition(that)we could keepit clean.如果我们能保持清洁,他们答应让我们在他们的办公室里开会.2.要点提示:1)在表示条件的状语从句中,既可以用直陈语气作“真实条件句”,也可以用虚拟语气作“非真实条件句”.至于把句子作成哪一种条件句,要依照“有关语法规则”和“表达意思的需要”而定. 2)用unless引导条件状语从句时,要注意这个连词自身在意义上是否定的:unless=if...not....因此,我们在逻辑上要注意:英文句子的用法和中文句子的译文.特别是当主句是否定句时,逻辑上的意思就成了“否定之否定而表示肯定”的情况了.如:I will not go to their party unless I am invited.这个句子的实际意义等于:I will not go to their party if I am not invited.这就是说,“我不去参加聚会”的条件是“我没有受到邀请”.“不去”与“没有受到邀请”就构成了“否定之否定而表示肯定”的情况了.)假如他们不邀请我,我不会去参加他们的聚会.He will finish the work in time unless something unexpected happens.这个句子的实际意义等于:He will finish the work in time if something unexpected does not happen.假如没有什么意外的事情发生,他会按时完成他的工作的.3)suppose/supposing这两个词所表达的意义和句法功能是一样的.它们与其他的引导状语从句的从属连词一样,引导一个含状语从句的主从复合句.而它们的特别之处在于:有时由它们所引出的条件状语从句常与主句分开而独立成句,但其意义和作用还是条件状语从句.这种情况多数出现在科技文章及某些论文里.如:Suppose no more rain fell into the Atlantic Ocean and no more water was brought to it byrivers.It would take the ocean about 4000 years to dry up.假如不再有雨水注入大西洋,不再有河水流入大西洋的话;大约需要四千年的时间大西洋才会枯竭. Suppose your statement is right.How are you going to prove it?假定为你的观点是正确的,你打算如何证明这一点呢?Suppose this poor girl is yours.We’d like to know how much you know about her.假设这个可怜的女孩就是你的;我们想了解你知道多少关于她的情况.四、原因状语从句1.常用的引导词有because因为,as由于,since既然,由于,now that既然,由于,not that...but that不是因为……而是因为……,seeing that,considering that等.如:He can’t deliver his lectures today because he has got a bad cold.他今天不能去讲课了,因为他患了重感冒.I may not be able to attend your wedding party not because I’m not willing to butbecause I’ve been caught by something recently.我或许无法参加你的婚礼了,不是我不想去而是近来有些事情缠着我无法脱身.2.要点提示:1) 从属连词用法区别区别项目位置内涵语气能否回答why能否被强调because因为主句前或后直接因果关系强能能as由于主句前或后since/now that既然主句前双方都知道的原因弱不能不能主句前if/when 主句前或后2)关于since和now that这两个词在表示原因的时候是近义词,都表示“既然”.但其不同之处在于:now that只能以“新发生的情况”作为某事发生的原因;而since在表示“既然”时,就没有这种限制.如:Now that the rain is going to stop,we’d better get ready for the afternoon’s match. 既然雨要停了,我们最好为下午的比赛作好准备.(此句中,now that引出的从句显然是表示“新出现的情况”,在句子中作“主句动作发生的原因”.也就是说,只有在这种情况下才可以用now that引导从句,表示“既然”.)Since you’re so interested in English,why not have a try in the English SpeechContest?既然你对英语这么有兴趣,为什么不试一试参加英语演讲比赛?3)其他表示原因的方式除了状语从句外,一些介词短语同样可以表示原因,这样的短语有because of; thanks to; due to; owing to等.五、让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的从属连词有though(虽然),although(虽然),even if(即使),even though(即使),as(尽管),while(虽然),whether...or...(无论……还是……),no matter+疑问词(无论).1.though或although引导让状语从句.although与though两者意思相同,一般可互换,都可以与yet,still或nevertheless连用,但不能和but连用.如:He is unhappy though/although he has a lot of money.虽然他有许多钱,但他并不幸福.Although/Though it was raining hard,yet they went on playing football.尽管雨下的很大,但他们仍在继续踢足球.注:though还可用作副词,意为“可是,然而”,置于句末.如:e;he didn’t though.他说他会来,可是他没有来.2.当as作“尽管,虽然”的意思讲引导让步状语从句时,从句往往放在主句的前面,而且用作让步的部分(表语、状语或动词原形)总是提前到句首.若表语是名词,前置时要省略冠词.如:Child as he is,he knows a lot.尽管他是孩子,他却懂得很多.Old as he is,he is still energetic.尽管他老了,却依然精力充沛.(表语作为让步的内容,因此提前了.)Try as he might,he couldn’t solve the problem.尽管他很努力了,但还是无法解决这个问题.(谓语提前了)Much as you suspected him,you couldn’t provide powerful evidence.虽然你非常怀疑他,但是你却无法提供有力的证据.(状语作为让步的内容,因此提前了.)3.whether...or(不管……)疑问词+ ever与no matter+疑问词(不管……,无论……).however(不管怎样),whatever(无论什么),whoever(无论谁).no matter when(how,what,who,where,which)无论何时(怎样,什么,谁,何地,哪个)等.如:Air exists everywhere although we can’t see it.尽管我们看不见空气,但它却无处不存在.No matter where you go on the earth,you will feel the gravity.无论你走到地球的什么地方,你都会感觉到地引力.We’.无论他来不来,我们将准时开会.Even if we are approaching the end of the experiment,we still have no time to lose.即使我们即将完成试验,我们依然要分秒必争.注:whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever还可以引导名词性从句.如:You can take whatever you like.你可以拿任何你所喜欢的东西.六、方式状语从句常用的引导词有as(如同,按照),as if(似乎,仿佛),as though(似乎,仿佛)等.如:He speaks English almost as a native speaker does.他的英文几乎说得如讲英语母语的人一样.He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.他讲英文的样子似乎像说英语母语的人.She looked unwell as though she got a bad cold.她看上去身体不适好像患有重感冒.In this reading room you can read anything as everyone does here.在这间阅览室里,你可以像这儿的每个人一样想看什么就看什么.要点提示:as if或as though引导的方式状语从句中,如果表示真实情况应该用直陈语气;如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气.关于这一点也取决于说话人的态度、看法.如:It gets darker and darker in the sky as if it’s going to rain.天越来越暗了似乎要下雨了.(表示真实情况,是直陈语气)She speaks as if she knew everything in the world.她说话的样子仿佛似她懂得天下事.(表示非真实情况,是虚拟语气)七、目的状语从句常用的引导词有so that(以便,为了),in order that(为了),lest(以免,以防),in case(以免,以防),for fear(以免,以防)等.如:We should do our utmost in order that we may be able to over fulfill the task.为了超额完成任务,我们应该全力以赴.You’.你最好将电话号码留给我,以便我下次来之前可以先给你打个电话.Batteries must be kept in dry places for fear that electricity leaks away.电池应该放在干燥的地方,以免漏电.要点提示:在目的状语从句中,我们可以将这些引导目的状语从句的连词so that,in order that,lest,in case,for fear分作为两大部分:表示肯定——so that,in order that是“为了使……发生(目的是……,为的是……)”.表示否定——lest,in case,for fear 是“为了使……不发生(以免,以防)”.另外,在表示否定的目的状语从句中,谓语动词往往用“should+动词原形”或“动词原形”两种虚拟句式.如:He took his umbrella with him lest it should rain.他带了雨伞,以防下雨. I ’ll keep a seat for you in case you should change your mind.我给你留个座,没准你会改变主意. 八、结果状语从句1.常用的引导词有that (结果,以至),so that (结果,以至),so...that (如此……以至),such...that (如此……以至)等.如: .温度升高了气体的体积就增大了.The mountain is so high that she can ’t climb it up to the top. 那座山太高了,她无法登上山顶.It is such a lovely day that everybody feels happy and gay. 天气这么好,人人都感到高兴、快乐.注:1)so...that 和such...that 都是引导结果状语从句的从属连词,它们都表示“如此……以至”,但其要求的句型结构不一样. ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧从句 +名词++从句+可数名词单数形式++形容词+从句副词++形容词that few/little many/much/so that a/an so that/so ⎪⎩⎨⎧从句+名词++从句不可数名词+式+形容词+复数名词形从句数形式++形容词+可数名词单+that of of/lots lot a such that /such that a/an such如:He ran so fast that his brother couldn ’t catch up with him. 他跑得太快了,他弟弟赶不上他. .他是那么个调皮的孩子,以至在邻里中不受欢迎.She looks so lovely that everybody can ’t help taking a look at her when passing her by.她生得太可爱了,从她身边经过的人都忍不住要看她一眼. 2)当so 或such 置于句首时,主句要用倒装语序.如:So clever was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.他是如此聪明以至于他能解出所有的难题.2.除结果状语从句外,too...to...(太……而不能……),enough to...(能够……),so...asto...(那么……以至于……)等不定式结构同样可以表示结果.如: 他起床晚了,结果误了车.He didn ’t get up early enough to catch the bus.=He got up too late to catch the bus.=He got up so late as to miss the bus.九、比较状语从句常用的引导词有than(比……),as...as(如……一样……),“the +比较级...,the+比较级...”(越……越……)等.如:He is taller than his brother.他比他弟弟个高一些.The more they discover about the brain,the more questions they can’t answer in that area.他们越多地发现有关人脑的情况,他们就有越多的问题无法回答.要点提示:有关比较状语的问题请看前面“形容词与副词的比较级和最高级”一章.这里只提醒一个关于比较状语从句的问题.那就是:than和as...as中的第二个as都是连词,后面若是人称代词,常用主格形式.如:Her mother is not as tall as she(is).她妈妈没有她个高.I don’t think that he is taller than I.我并不认为他比我个高.十、状语从句中的省略1.若从句中的主语与主句的主语一致,同时从句中又含有系动词be,则通常省去从句的主语和系动词be而保留其余部分.如:While (she was) very young,she began to study English.她很小的时候就开始学英语.2.若从句主语是it,动词是系动词be,则通常省去主语it及系动词be而保留其余部分.如:Everything went on better than (it had been) expected.一切进展得比预料的要好.3.若从句中部分内容与主句中的部分内容相同,可将从句中的此部分内容省略.如:She has no money.If (she has) any,she will give us.她没钱,如果有的话,她会给我们的.【考点诠释】考点1 状语从句的时态高考主要考查时间、条件、让步状语从句用一般现在时表将来及一般过去时代替过去将来时的用法.如:①He said he would go to Japan for holiday when he finished writing the book.他说他写完这本书后会去日本度假.②Even if it snows tomorrow,the performance won’t be called off.即使明天下雪,演出也不会取消.考点二状语从句的结构高考主要考查结构较为复杂、特殊的状语从句,如no matter+疑问词;whatever,however,as引导的让步状语从句;“the+比较级…,the+比较级”中的比较状语从句等.如:①The harder you work,the better your studies will be.你学习越努力,功课就越好.②No matter what serious difficulties he met with,m.不管碰到多么可怕的困难,他总能克服.考点3 状语从句的省略在时间、原因、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中,常常省略相同的主语或作主语的代词it以及be动词,保留现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、不定式等成分.如果从句中有“it is+形容词”,也可以省略it is.如:①Once printed,this dictionary will be very popular.一旦出版,这本词典会非常畅销.(once后省去了it is)②Do not leave the building until instructed to do SO.接到指示后才可离开这幢房子.(until后省去了you are)考点4 从属连词的选择和辨析高考重点考查引导状语从句的从属连词,如引导时间状语从句的immediately,the moment,every time,once;引导条件状语从句的as long as;引导原因状语从句的now that,since;引导让步状语从句的even if,even though;引导目的状语从句的in case,in order that等.如:①We hadn’t met for 20 years,but I recognized him the moment I saw him.我们已经有20年没见面了,可是我一见到他就认出他来了.(时间状语从句)②We should bring a knife in case that there ale any dangerous animals there.我们应当带把刀,以防那儿有什么危险动物.(目的状语从句)考点5 where引导地点状语从句要注意where引导的地点状语从句和where引导的定语从句、表语从句以及宾语从句的区别.如:①The flower grows best where it often rains.这种花在经常下雨的地方长得最好.(地点状语从句)②The flower grows best in the place where it often rains.这种花在经常下雨的地方长得最好.(定语从句)典题链接【示例1】It is almost five years ______ we saw each other last time.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when解析:此题考查时间状语从句的用法.这是一个典型的句型结构:It is/has been+段时间+since+句子(一般过去时).句子意思是:自从我们上次见面几乎有五年了.答案:B【示例2】There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that解析:根据句子结构,由于从句结构完整,可排除B、D两项;前面的先行词是on her trousers表地点,where在此引导状语从句,where相当于in the places where,本句意思是:在她裤子上擦手的地方有脏迹.答案:A特别提示:学会将where引导的状语从句转换成介词短语(地点)+where引导的定语从句是逐步掌握这种用法的好办法.【示例3】We were told we should follow the main road _____ we reached the central railway station.A.wheneverB.untilC.whileD.wherever解析:根据两句子的关系——不存在让步,从而可排除选项A、D;再根据句意,表示until前面的动作或者状态一直持续到until后面的地点或时间.答案选B.本句意为:有人告诉我们应沿大路走,一直走到中心车站.答案:B【示例4】You can eat food free in my restaurant _____ you like.A.wheneverB.whereverC.whateverD.however解析:主句部分不缺主、宾、宾补成分,也有具体的地点状语,应选A.本句意为:无论任何时候你都能在我饭店里免费吃饭.答案:A【示例5】We were swimming in the lake _____ suddenly the storm started.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before解析:when表示这时突然,相当于suddenly.其常用结构有were/was doing...when...;were/was about to do...when...;had/had not done...when....答案:A【示例6】You should try to get a good night’s sleep _____ much work you have to do.A.howeverB.no matterC.althoughD.whatever解析:根据句子结构,排除选项B、C,因B项后面需连接副词when,how,where或连接代词who,what,而C项后面的句子不能倒装;当名词前有much,many,little,few等修饰时,前面不能用whatever,应选A.【示例7】I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early _____ I can have time for a cup of tea.A.as soon asB.as a resultC.in caseD.so that解析:此题考查目的状语从句的用法.as soon as“一……就”, as a result “结果是”,in case“万一”,so that“以便于”.答案:D【示例8】Scientists say it may be five or six years _____ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when解析:根据句子的意思,科学家对药品先要进行反复试验后才能用于病人身上,因此答案选C.此题考查了before的固定句型,即It was/will be+时间段+before+主+谓(did/do).答案:C特别提示:要选对连词,一定要清楚主从句之间的语意和逻辑关系.思维升级怎样做好状语从句试题呢?首先我们应该系统地掌握状语从句的基本知识,把握每个连词的具体用法;其次我们要正确区分容易混淆的连词,像as,when,while,since,even if,as if等;再者,要善于理清句子的逻辑关系,要具备分析长难句的能力.要特别注意as引导让步状语从句、时间状语从句、方式状语从句和原因状语从句的不同用法.例如:As time went on,Einstein’s theory proved to be correct.(时间)As(=Since) the weather is fine,let’s go.(原因)Do as you like.(方式)Child as/though he is,he knows a lot.(让步)思维链接【示例11】_____ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.A.WhenB.AfterC.As解析:此题考查as引导定语从句和状语从句的区别.此题中as引导的是非限制性定语从句,as指代后面整句话的内容,意为“正如……”.句子意思是:正如我在电话里所解释的,你的要求会在下次会议上考虑.A和B两项都指时间,D项表示“既然”,指原因,都引导状语从句.答案:C特别提示:since既可以引导时间状语从句,表示“自从……开始”,也可以引导原因状语从句,表示“因为、既然”.It’s/It has been 10 years since he enjoyed a good dinner.Since you have finished your work,you are free to do what you like.【试题放送】【2018江苏卷】30. ____ One's life has value one brings value to the life of others.A. so thatB. no matter howC. as long asD. except that【考点】连词【答案】C【解析】as long as意为“只要”;so that意为“以便;因此”;no matter how意为“不管怎样”;except that意为“除了”.句意为:只要一个人给别人的生活带来价值,那么他的生命就有价值.,根据题意,应选C项. 【难度】一般【2018湖南】32. ____ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.A. HoweverB. WhateverC. WhicheverD. Whenever【答案】A【考点】此题考查状语从句引导的用法.【解析】句意为:不管你如何(however)努力,如果你不减少食量是很难减肥的.复合句让步状语从句引导词however【2018湖南】28. ____ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A.A. WhileB. OnceC. IfD. Until【答案】A【考点】此题考查状语从句引导词用法.【解析】句意为:虽然我总觉得我考试能过关,但我从没想过我能得优.While常见含义有“虽然;然而,而;在……期间,当……时;趁着”等,此处为“虽然”之意.复合句让步状语从句引导词while【2018重庆卷】30.—Coach, can I continue with the training?—Sorry, you can’t ______you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.A. untilB. beforeC. to considerD. unless【考点】状语从句【答案】 C。
高中英语语法专题:状语从句
高中英语语法专题:状语从句一、时间状语从句1、when的用法(1)when既可引导一个持续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作,可用于表示主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作,有时还可表示从句动作后于主句,意为“当……时候”。
(2)when在be about to do……when……be doing……when……had done……when……be on one’s way……when……be on the point of doing……when……等结构中,作“那时突然”讲。
(3)when “既然、鉴于;尽管,虽然(位于主句之后);如果”2、while的用法(1)表示“当……时候”,引导的动作必须是延续性的。
(2)用作并列连词,表示相对关系“然而”。
(3)引导让步状语从句,相当于although,意为“虽然”,位于主句前。
(4)引导条件状语从句,相当于as/so long as,意为“只要”。
3、as 的用法(1)表示“当……时候”,强调同时发生,不指先后。
(2)说明两种正在发展或变化的情况,表示“随着”,表示时间的推移。
(3)表示“一边……一边……”。
(4)强调两个动作紧接着发生。
(5)表示“虽然,尽管”。
(6)其他含义“正如,正像”,“作为”,“由于,因为”。
4、before的用法(1)一般意为“在……之前”“……才”,“……就”“还没有……”“免得”“不知不觉”“宁可,宁愿”,“否则,要不然”。
(2)It + will be/was + 时间段+before+一般现在时/一般过去时。
在肯定句中,意为“多长时间之后才”;在否定句中,意为“用不了多长时间就”。
5、until和till(1)与肯定句连用,必须是延续性动词。
(2)与否定句连用,必须是非延续性动词,表示“直到……才,在……之前不……”。
注意:not until可用于强调句和倒装句强调句:It is/was not until…that…倒装句:not until 放句首时,主句要部分倒装。
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语法专题三:状语从句1. 状语从句的类型1) 时间状语从句:常见引导词有:when:表示主句和从句的动作同时或先后发生,强调点,表“就在那时;突然”。
while:常表示延续性动词或状态;while也可表示对比的转折。
as soon as:表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作马上就发生。
hardly / scarcely … whe n;no sooner … than:表示“还没来得及……就;刚……就”。
directly, immediately, instantly:副词当连词用,表示“一……就”。
the moment, the mi nute, the second:充当连词,等于when / as soon as。
each time, every time, ne xt time, by the time等:也可以引导时间状语从句。
since:引导的时间状语从句,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。
常用句型:It is + 段时间+ since从句,“自从……有多长时间了”。
until:常与not连用,表示“直到……才……”;Not until置于句首时,主句要部分倒装;在It is / was…that / who…强调结构中,须连在一起。
2) 让步状语从句:常见引导词有:although, though, even if, even though, as等。
3) 原因状语从句:常见引导词有:because:常用于回答why, 语气最强;强调原因,常与just, only等起强调作用的副词连用;可引导表语从句。
for:是个并列连词,一般不放在句首,常表示一种推测或解释,或用作附加说明,语气弱。
as, since:常译为“既然、由于”,表示十分明显的原因,语气较弱。
now that:表示“既然”的意思。
4) 地点状语从句:常见引导词有:where, wherever等。
5) 目的状语从句:常见引导词有:that, so that, in order that等。
目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用,否则可能是结果状语从句。
不可置于句首。
目的状语从句还可以用动词不定式来替换。
6) 结果状语从句:常见引导词有:that, so that, so … that, such … that …等。
7) 方式状语从句:由as, as if(though)等引导。
8) 比较状语从句:由than, as等引导。
9) 条件状语从句:由if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, once, a far as, on condition that等引导。
2.注意:1) 主将从现规则:在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句中,若主句用一般将来时,或是祈使句,或是含有情态动词的谓语形式,从句则用一般现在时表示将来时,如:You can join our club when you get a bit older.2) 疑问词+ ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别:疑问词+ ever可引导名词性从句和让步状语从句;no matter + 疑问词,只能引导让步状语从句。
巩固练习:1.______ you’ve tried it, you can’t ima gine how pleasant it is.A. UnlessB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. When2. He left in ______ a hurry ______ he forgot his key.A. such, thatB. so, thatC. the same, asD. such, as3. He has loved me ______I were his son.A. becauseB. asC. ifD. as though4. I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some ______.A. as lastB. in caseC. once againD. in time5. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up ______ I could answer.A. asB. sinceC. beforeD. until6. We must d o it well, ______there are a lot of difficulties.A. as ifB. as thoughC. even thoughD. even as7. ______ h as taken part in the Ath ens Olympic Games is worth praising no matter ______ he haswon medals or not.A. Who; ifB. Anyone; whetherC. Whoever; whetherD. Whoever; how8. ---It’s a long time ______ I saw you last.---Yes, and what a pity it is now that it will be a long time ______ we see each other again.A. before; sinceB. since; whenC. since; beforeD. when; before9. The head of the company promised to deal with matters of this sort______ he returned to hisoffice.A. untilB. whileC. by the timeD. the moment10. He had already walked three or four miles______ he saw a cart by the side of the road.A. whileB. whenC. the momentD. unless11. Much ______ the young couple neede d money to make the down payment for the apartment,they wouldn’t ask their parents for help.A. althoughB. asC. even ifD. while12. I have kept the photo ______ I can always see it, as it reminds me of the days when I studiedin Britain.A. at whichB. whenC. whereD. at the place13. I would appreciate it ______ you can help me with my English this afternoon.A. becauseB. untilC. whenD. if14. ______ you may be right, I can’t altogether agree.A. AsB. WhileC. IfD. Since15.______ was 1998 ______ I graduated from the university.A. It; whenB. It; thatC. That; whenD. That; that16. The famous scientist grew up ______ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.A. whenB. wheneverC. whereD. wherever17. “It gives me great joy and I feel more pressure than I did ______ I won in China,” Ding Junhuisaid.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. how18. Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses ______ eye protection isnecessary in sunny weather.A. becauseB. throughC. unlessD. if19. John shut everyone out of the kitchen _____ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.A. whichB. whenC. so thatD. as if20. ______ everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk an y more.A. ForB. EvenC. SinceD. Howeve r状语从句:AADBCCCCDBBCDBACBACC。