Global battery market development 2014-2025
UL -battery market电动车市场及电池市场分析
Large Batteries Scope – A Global Industry
China - expected to be one of the largest EV/HEV/PHEV markets
globally driven by: Increasing awareness about pollution and global warming Government subsidies with support reaching 2billion RMB through 2010 Extensive research and development activity within Chinese auto industry BYD’s new HEV, known as the F3DM, started selling in China in Dec 2008 with new models planned for US in 2010
Social
Energy Storage Electric buses/trucks
Grid Stabilization & Backup Electric rail
Utilities
EV/HEV/PHEV
Advancement in battery technologies driven by Govt. policy
High manufacturing costs, competition from other sources
Market is evolving at a very rapid pace –standardization related to infrastructure, battery design and safety will bet Assessment
2024四级英语考试试卷
2024四级英语考试试卷Part I：Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the topic "The Importance of Cultural Heritage Protection". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II：Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section A.Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).News Report 1.Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.A new study has found that the number of endangered species in the world is increasing at an alarming rate. The research, which was conducted by a team of international scientists, surveyed over 10,000 species across the globe. It was discovered that factors such as habitat destruction, climate change, and illegal hunting are the main reasons for this increase.1. What is the main topic of this news report?A) The success of international scientific research.B) The increase in the number of endangered species.C) The methods of conducting a global survey.D) The importance of protecting habitats.2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the increase in endangered species?A) Habitat destruction.B) Climate change.C) Illegal hunting.D) Over - population.News Report 2.Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.In a major step towards sustainable transportation, a new type of electric bus has been launched in a large city. This bus is equipped with advanced battery technology that allows it to travel longer distances without recharging. The local government hopes that this will encourage more people to use public transportation and reduce the city's carbon footprint.3. What is special about the new electric bus?A) It has a very low cost.B) It is very small in size.C) It can travel long distances without recharging.D) It is made of recycled materials.4. What is the goal of the local government in launching this new bus?A) To make more money from public transportation.B) To attract more tourists to the city.C) To encourage people to use public transportation and reduce carbon footprint.D) To show off their advanced technology.News Report 3.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.A famous university has announced a new scholarship program for international students. The program aims to attract talented students from all over the world to study in various fields such as science, technology, and engineering. The scholarship will cover tuition fees, accommodation, and living expenses for the selected students.5. Who is the scholarship program aimed at?A) Domestic students.B) International students.C) Students in science only.D) Students in engineering only.6. Which of the following is NOT covered by the scholarship?A) Tuition fees.B) Accommodation.C) Travel expenses.D) Living expenses.7. What fields are included in this scholarship program?A) Only science.B) Only technology.C) Only engineering.D) Science, technology, and engineering.Section B.Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Conversation 1.Questions 8 to 11 will be based on the following conversation.M: Hi, Lisa. How was your weekend?W: It was great. I went to a music concert.M: Oh, really? Who was performing?W: It was a local band. They play really good rock music.M: That sounds interesting. How did you find out about this concert?W: I saw an advertisement on the Internet.8. What did Lisa do last weekend?A) She went to a movie.B) She went to a music concert.C) She stayed at home.D) She went shopping.9. Who was performing at the concert?A) A famous singer.B) A foreign band.C) A local band.D) A group of dancers.10. How did Lisa know about the concert?A) From a friend.B) From a newspaper.C) From an advertisement on the Internet.D) From the radio.11. What kind of music does the band play?A) Pop music.B) Classical music.C) Rock music.D) Jazz music.Conversation 2.Questions 12 to 15 will be based on the following conversation.M: Have you started your project yet?W: Yes, I have. But I'm having some problems with it.M: What kind of problems?W: Well, I'm not sure about the research methods. I don't know if I should use questionnaires or interviews.M: Hmm, that's a difficult choice. Questionnaires can reach a large number of people, but interviews can get more in - depth information.W: Yes, that's exactly my dilemma. And also, I'm not sure how to analyze the data once I collect it.12. What is the woman's problem?A) She hasn't started her project yet.B) She is not sure about the research methods and data analysis.C) She doesn't have enough time for the project.D) She doesn't know what her project is about.13. What are the two research methods the woman is considering?A) Surveys and experiments.B) Questionnaires and interviews.C) Observations and tests.D) Case studies and focus groups.14. What is an advantage of questionnaires according to the man?A) They can get more in - depth information.B) They are easier to analyze.C) They can reach a large number of people.D) They are more accurate.15. What else is the woman not sure about?A) How to collect data.B) How to start the project.C) How to write the report.D) How to analyze the data.Section C.Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage 1.Questions 16 to 18 will be based on the following passage.The Internet has changed the way we communicate and access information. It has made it possible for people all over the world to connect with each other instantly. However, it also has some negative effects. For example, the spread of false information has become a major problem. People need to be more careful when using the Internet and verify the information they receive.16. What has the Internet changed?A) Only the way we communicate.B) Only the way we access information.C) The way we communicate and access information.D) The way we live our lives completely.17. What is a negative effect of the Internet?A) It is too expensive to use.B) It takes too much time.C) The spread of false information.D) It is difficult to learn how to use.18. What should people do when using the Internet?A) Use it as much as possible.B) Ignore all the information.C) Be more careful and verify information.D) Only use it for entertainment.Passage 2.Questions 19 to 21 will be based on the following passage.Reading is an important activity that can enrich our knowledge and imagination. It can take us to different worlds and introduce us to different cultures. However, in modern society, many people are spendingless time reading. There are many reasons for this, such as the popularity of electronic devices and the fast - paced lifestyle.19. What can reading do?A) Only enrich our knowledge.B) Only enrich our imagination.C) Enrich our knowledge and imagination.D) Make us more popular.20. What is the situation of reading in modern society?A) More people are reading than before.B) People are spending less time reading.C) Reading has become more popular.D) Reading is only for students.21. Which of the following is a reason for people spending less time reading?A) Lack of good books.B) The unpopularity of electronic devices.C) The slow - paced lifestyle.D) The popularity of electronic devices and fast - paced lifestyle.Passage 3.Questions 22 to 24 will be based on the following passage.Exercise is essential for our physical and mental health. It can helpus maintain a good body shape, improve our cardiovascular function, and relieve stress. There are many different types of exercise, such as running, swimming, and cycling. People should choose the type of exercise that suits them best.22. What is exercise essential for?A) Only physical health.B) Only mental health.C) Physical and mental health.D) To look more beautiful.23. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of exercise?A) Maintaining a good body shape.B) Improving cardiovascular function.C) Causing more stress.D) Relieving stress.24. What should people do regarding exercise?A) Do the same exercise every day.B) Choose the type of exercise that suits them best.C) Only do running.D) Avoid exercise if they are busy.Part III：Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section A.Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the word bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2. You may not use any of the words in the word bank more than once.The development of modern technology has had a great impact on ourdaily lives. One of the most significant changes is in the way we communicate. With the _(25)_ of the Internet and mobile phones, we can now communicate with people all over the world instantly. This has made the world seem smaller and has brought people closer together.However, this also has some _(26)_ effects. For example, people may become too _(27)_ on electronic devices and neglect face - to - face communication. In addition, the _(28)_ of false information on the Internet has become a serious problem.Another area where technology has had a major impact is in transportation. New forms of transportation such as high - speed trains and electric cars are becoming more and more _(29)_. These new technologies are more environmentally friendly and can help reduce _(30)_ emissions.In the field of education, technology has also brought many changes. Online courses are now widely available, which allows people to study at their own _(31)_ and from anywhere in the world. However, some people worry that this may lead to a decrease in the quality of education as there may be less _(32)_ interaction between teachers and students.Overall, while modern technology has brought many benefits, we also need to be aware of its _(33)_ and take steps to address them.Word Bank:A) advent.B) addicted.C) adverse.D) availability.E) carbon.F) close.G) convenient.H) direct.I) disadvantages.J) emergence.K) environmental.L) pace.M) pollution.N) prevalent.O) spread.25. A) advent.26. C) adverse.27. B) addicted.28. O) spread.29. N) prevalent.30. E) carbon.31. L) pace.32. H) direct.33. I) disadvantages.Section B.Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Future of Work.A) The world of work is changing rapidly. Technological advancements such as artificial intelligence, robotics, and automation are transforming the way we work. These changes are not only affecting the types of jobsthat are available but also the skills that are required for success in the workplace.B) One of the most significant changes is the increasing automation of routine tasks. Machines are now able to perform many jobs that were previously done by humans, such as data entry, manufacturing, and customerservice. This has led to concerns about job losses, especially inindustries that rely heavily on manual labor.C) However, while some jobs may be disappearing, new jobs are alsobeing created. For example, the development of artificial intelligence has led to the emergence of new fields such as machine learning and data analytics. These fields require highly skilled workers who can develop, manage, and interpret complex algorithms.D) Another trend in the future of work is the increasing importance of soft skills. Soft skills such as communication, teamwork, and problem - solving are becoming more and more essential in the workplace. This is because as machines take over routine tasks, humans will need to focus on tasks that require human interaction and creativity.E) The rise of the gig economy is also changing the nature of work. In the gig economy, people work on a freelance or contract basis, oftenthrough online platforms. This gives workers more flexibility and control over their work, but it also means that they may not have the same job security or benefits as traditional employees.F) Technology is also enabling more remote work. With the developmentof high - speed Internet and communication tools, more and more people are able to work from home or other locations outside of the traditional office. This can improve work - life balance for employees and also reduce costsfor employers.G) However, remote work also has its challenges. For example, it can be difficult to maintain team cohesion and communication when employees arenot physically in the same location. Employers need to find ways to overcome these challenges, such as through the use of video conferencingand project management tools.H) In order to succeed in the future of work, individuals need to be adaptable and continuously learn new skills. Lifelong learning will be essential as the skills required for work are constantly evolving. Educational institutions and employers also need to play a role in providing training and development opportunities for workers.I) The future of work is likely to be more globalized. With the increasing ease of communication and transportation, companies are more likely to hire workers from all over the world. This means that individuals will need to be able to work effectively in a multicultural environment.J) Overall, the future of work is full of opportunities and challenges. While technological advancements are changing the nature of work, they also offer the potential for new jobs, greater flexibility, and improved productivity.34. Machines are taking over many jobs that were previously done by humans. B.35. New fields like machine learning and data analytics are emerging due to artificial intelligence. C.36. Soft skills are becoming more important as machines do routine tasks. D.37. The gig economy gives workers more flexibility but less job security. E.38. Remote work can improve work - life balance but has challenges in communication. F.39. Lifelong learning is necessary for individuals to succeed in the future of work. H.40. Companies are more likely to hire globally in the future. I.41. The future of work has both opportunities and challenges. J.42. Automation is not only affecting job types but also required skills.A.43. Employers need to use tools to overcome remote work challenges. G.Section C.Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Passage 1.The concept of "green jobs" has become increasingly popular in recent years. Green jobs are those that contribute to environmental protection and sustainable development. These jobs can be found in a variety of sectors, such as renewable energy, energy efficiency, waste management, and sustainable agriculture.One of the main drivers of the growth of green jobs is the increasing concern about climate change. As countries around the world strive toreduce their carbon emissions, they are investing in renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydro power. This has led to the creationof many jobs in the renewable energy sector, from research and developmentto installation and maintenance.In addition to renewable energy, energy efficiency is also an important area for green jobs. Improving the energy efficiency of buildings, for example, can reduce energy consumption and costs. Jobs in this area includeenergy auditors, who assess the energy use of buildings and recommend improvements, and insulation installers, who install energy - saving materials in buildings.Waste management is another sector with significant potential for green jobs. Recycling and composting are two important waste management methods that can reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills. Jobs in waste management include waste collectors, recyclers, and composting operators.Sustainable agriculture is also an emerging area for green jobs. Organic farming, for example, uses natural fertilizers and pesticides, which are better for the environment. Jobs in sustainable agriculture include farmers, agricultural technicians, and food processors who work with organic products.44. What are green jobs?A) Jobs that are only related to renewable energy.。
中国 锂电 行业 发展 历史
中国锂电行业发展历史1.中国的锂电行业起源于20世纪80年代初。
The development of China's lithium battery industry originated in the early 1980s.2.最初，中国的锂电池产业规模较小。
Initially, China's lithium battery industry had arelatively small scale.3.随着科技的发展，锂电池在电动汽车、移动通讯等领域得到了广泛应用。
With the development of technology, lithium batterieshave been widely used in electric vehicles, mobile communication, and other fields.4.中国的锂电行业发展迅速，成为全球主要的锂电池生产国之一。
China's lithium battery industry has developed rapidly and has become one of the world's major lithium battery producers.5.中国的锂电池生产技术逐渐提高，产品质量不断提升。
China's lithium battery production technology has gradually improved, and product quality has continued to improve.6.锂电池产业链不断完善，形成了完整的产业生态。
The lithium battery industry chain has been continuously improved, forming a complete industrial ecosystem.7.中国的锂电池企业在国际市场上具有竞争优势。
晚点独家丨宁德时代加速出海：从曾毓群发出一号文件开始
晚点独家丨宁德时代加速出海：从曾毓群发出一号文件开始中英文两版标题：晚点独家丨宁德时代加速出海：从曾毓群发出一号文件开始Title: LatePoint Exclusive | CATL Accelerates Overseas Expansion: Starting from the First Policy Document Issued by Zeng Yuqun最近，全球电池巨头宁德时代（CATL）引起了广泛关注。
这家中国公司不仅在国内市场占据重要地位，而且正迅速扩展其国际业务。
值得特别关注的是，这一切似乎都源自于公司创始人兼董事长曾毓群发布的一号文件。
Recently, CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited), a global battery giant, has garnered widespread attention. This Chinese company not only holds a significant position in the domestic market but is also rapidly expanding its international business. Notably, all of this seems to have stemmed from the first policy document issued by the company's founder and chairman, Zeng Yuqun.今年年初，曾毓群发布了一号文件，明确提出了公司的全球化战略和行动计划。
这份文件被视为宁德时代加速出海的起点，引导公司在全球范围内进行布局和投资。
文件中提到，公司将加大在欧洲、北美和亚洲的投资力度，以实现产能的多元化和市场的国际化。
Earlier this year, Zeng Yuqun issued the first policy document which explicitly outlined the company's globalization strategy and action plan. This document is regarded as the starting point for CATL's accelerated overseas expansion, guiding the company in global layout and investment. The document mentioned that the company would increase investment in Europe, North America, and Asia to achieve diversified production capacity and market internationalization.根据该文件，宁德时代计划在未来三年内在欧洲建立多个生产基地，并计划在北美设立研发中心。
铁离子电池创新计划书
铁离子电池创新计划书英文回答：Iron Ion Battery Innovation Plan.Executive Summary.The development of high-performance and cost-effective iron ion batteries is crucial for the transition to a sustainable energy future. Iron ion batteries offer numerous advantages over traditional lithium-ion batteries, including their lower cost, higher safety, and longer cycle life. This innovation plan outlines a comprehensive strategy for advancing iron ion battery technology, addressing key challenges and unlocking its full potential.Key Challenges.Electrode Material Optimization: Enhancing the electrochemical activity and stability of iron-basedelectrode materials is essential for improving battery performance.Electrolyte Development: Designing electrolytes with high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical stability, and low corrosion is crucial to enable efficient battery operation.Cell Design and Engineering: Optimizing cell architecture, electrode thickness, and current collector design can significantly impact battery capacity, power, and safety.Manufacturing Scale-Up: Developing scalable manufacturing processes is necessary to meet the growing demand for iron ion batteries.Cost Reduction: Identifying cost-effective materials and optimizing manufacturing processes are critical for making iron ion batteries commercially viable.Innovation Strategy.Material Research and Development: Explore novel iron-based electrode materials with improved electrochemical properties and investigate advanced synthesis techniques.Electrolyte Innovation: Develop new electrolyte formulations with enhanced ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability, and corrosion resistance.Cell Design Optimization: Utilize advanced modelingand simulation tools to optimize cell design parameters, ensuring high performance, long cycle life, and safety.Manufacturing Optimization: Implement lean manufacturing principles, optimize process parameters, and automate key steps to reduce production costs.Collaboration and Partnerships: Establish strategic partnerships with research institutions, material suppliers, and battery manufacturers to accelerate innovation and knowledge sharing.Expected Outcomes.Increased Battery Capacity and Power: Novel electrode materials and optimized cell designs will lead to significant improvements in battery capacity and power output.Extended Cycle Life: Enhanced electrode stability and improved electrolyte compatibility will extend battery cycle life, reducing replacement costs.Enhanced Safety: Advanced cell design and electrolyte formulation will mitigate safety concerns, ensuringreliable and safe battery operation.Cost-Effective Production: Optimized manufacturing processes and cost-effective materials will make iron ion batteries commercially viable.Global Market Leadership: By addressing key challenges and unlocking the potential of iron ion batteries, this innovation plan aims to establish a leadership position inthe global battery market.Conclusion.This innovation plan provides a comprehensive roadmapfor advancing iron ion battery technology. By focusing on key challenges and implementing innovative strategies, this plan will contribute to the development of high-performance, cost-effective, and sustainable iron ion batteries, accelerating the transition to a cleaner and more sustainable energy future.中文回答：铁离子电池创新计划。
中国新能源汽车的发展英语作文
中国新能源汽车的发展The development of China's new energy vehicles (NEVs) has been nothing short of remarkable, transforming the automotive industry and setting the pace for sustainable transportation globally. Over the past decade, China has emerged as a leader in NEV technology, innovation, and market adoption, reshaping the global automotive landscape. China's commitment to NEV development is evident in its aggressive policy initiatives. The government has provided significant financial incentives, such as subsidies and tax breaks, to encourage the production and purchase of NEVs. These policies have not only spurred domestic demand but also attracted foreign automakers to invest in China's NEV market.The technological advancements in China's NEV industry have been impressive. Domestic manufacturers have made significant investments in research and development, leading to innovations in battery technology, electric motors, and vehicle design. China is now a global hub for battery manufacturing, with many of the world's largest battery producers having operations in the country.The growth of China's NEV market has been exponential. Sales of NEVs have skyrocketed in recent years, with China accounting for a significant portion of the global NEV sales. This rapid growth is expected to continue, driven by increasing consumer awareness of the environmental benefits of NEVs, as well as the improving cost-effectiveness of these vehicles.However, the rapid development of China's NEV industry has also posed challenges. Infrastructure issues, such as the limited availability of charging stations, remain a barrier to widespread adoption. Additionally, concerns about battery disposal and recycling have emerged as environmental challenges that need to be addressed.Despite these challenges, China's commitment to NEV development is unwavering. The government has set ambitious targets for NEV penetration and continues to invest in research and infrastructure. As the industry matures, it is expected that these challenges will be overcome, and China will continue to lead the way in NEV technology and innovation.In conclusion, the development of China's NEV industry has been a remarkable success story, driven by policy incentives, technological advancements, and market demand. While challenges remain, the potential for sustainable transportation through NEVs is vast, and China is well-positioned to capitalize on this opportunity.**中国新能源汽车的发展**中国新能源汽车（NEV）的发展堪称举世瞩目，它不仅推动了整个汽车行业的转型，也在全球范围内为可持续交通树立了榜样。
国外新能源汽车发展现状
国外新能源汽车发展现状In recent years, the development of new energy vehicles has become a global trend, and many countries have made significant progress in the field. In this article, I will discuss the current development status of new energy vehicles in foreign countries.Firstly, let's talk about China, which has emerged as the world's largest market for new energy vehicles. With the government's support and a favorable policy environment, China has seen a rapid increase in the production and sales of electric vehicles. In 2020, over 1.3 million electric vehicles were sold in China, accounting for more than 40% of the global sales. The development of charging infrastructure has also accelerated, with more than 800,000 public charging points available across the country. Chinese companies such as BYD and NIO have gained international recognition and are expanding their market share overseas.Moving on to Europe, it is worth mentioning that the European Union has set ambitious targets for reducing carbon emissions, driving the transition to electric mobility. Norway leads the way in Europe, with electric vehicles accounting for over 50% of new car sales. The Netherlands and Sweden have also made significant progress, with both countries offering generous subsidies and incentives for purchasing electric vehicles. In terms of charging infrastructure, Europe has been actively promoting the deployment of charging stations along major highways, making long-distance travel more feasible for electric vehicle owners.In the United States, the growth of new energy vehicles has beenrelatively slower compared to China and Europe. However, with the Biden administration's focus on climate change and the push for clean energy, the outlook for electric vehicles is promising. President Biden has proposed a $174 billion investment plan for the electric vehicle market, which includes expanding the charging infrastructure and providing incentives for consumers to purchase electric vehicles. In addition, major automakers such as Tesla, General Motors, and Ford are ramping up their production of electric vehicles and have set ambitious targets for electrification.In terms of technological advancements, foreign countries are also investing heavily in research and development. For example, Germany has been a leader in developing advanced battery technologies, with companies such as BMW and Volkswagen investing significant resources in battery production. Sweden is focusing on the development of solid-state batteries, which are expected to revolutionize the electric vehicle industry with their higher energy density and improved safety.Overall, the development of new energy vehicles in foreign countries is progressing at a rapid pace. China leads the market in terms of sales volume, while Europe and the United States are catching up with ambitious targets and supportive policies. With the increasing global focus on reducing carbon emissions and combating climate change, the future of new energy vehicles looks bright. As technologies continue to advance and economies of scale kick in, we can expect even more exciting developments in the years to come.。
Developing an ultra-high-performance supercar battery - Allan Paterson v8 - China - 180414_CN
Developing an ultra-high performance hybridized supercar battery system一种超高性能混合动力超级车辆用电池系统的开发Dr Allan Paterson*, Dr Jianli Bao （鲍建莉）混合动力车辆市场与先进电池技术发展国际研讨会April 2014Lithium-ion Battery System Design & Integration（锂离子电池系统设计与集成）01Johnson Matthey 庄信万丰02Johnson Matthey Battery Systems 庄信万丰电池系统03Automotive Applications 汽车应用04Technology Development 技术发展05Ultra High Performance System Integration 超高性能系统集成Cell Selection 电池的选择Thermal Performance and Management 热管理Design Integrate & Light-weighting 设计集成与轻量化06Case Studies 范例分析07Summary/ Conclusions 总结/结论Johnson Matthey Plc （庄信万丰）In >30 CountriesHigh Investment Levels•Group Technology Centres in UK, USA ，South Africa and Singapore •Annual R&D spend £136m （年研发投入£136m）/ ~5% of sales excluding precious metals •Capital investment of ~£820m in the last 5 years•19th century origins as a high-quality, reliable refiner of gold and silver •20th century expansion into platinum group metal refining and products •21st century expansion into base metal catalysis, other environmental and process technologies, other pharmaceutical and fine chemical products, and associated servicesNumerousQueen’s Awards for EnterpriseWell Established Firm•Established 1817 （创立于1817年）•Floated in 1952•FTSE 100 since 2002 （2002年始位列富时100指数）•Leading global positions in all of its major businesses•Award-winning commitment to sustainability•Regularly voted one of Britain’s most admired companies by its peersLarge CapBusiness of the Year 2011MacRobert Award forEngineering in 1980 and 2000Best Annual Report & Sustainability& Stakeholder Disclosure 2012•Market capitalisation （市值）£5.5bn •Sales excluding precious metals £2.7bn •Underlying profit before tax*£382.9m •Return on invested capital 19.7%•Employees –worldwide11,000•Sales excluding precious metals analysed:Key Metrics (2013)Emission Control Technologies53%Precious Metals Products 16%Process Technologies19%Fine Chemicals 10%New Businesses1%By DivisionEurope 33%China 10%NA 34%Rest of Asia 11%ROW 12%By Destination* Restated for IAS 19（业务范围遍布30多个国家）Johnson Matthey （庄信万丰）Emission Control Technologies （排放控制技术部排放控制技术部））ProcessTechnologies （工艺技术部工艺技术部））Precious Metal Products（贵金属产品部贵金属产品部））FineChemicals （精细化工部精细化工部））NewBusinesses （新业务新业务））Chemicals•Chemical Technologies (DPT) •Syngas•Chemical Catalysts (inc.Formox)Oil and Gas •Refineries •Purification •TracercoServices•Platinum Marketing and Distribution •Refining Manufacturing •Noble Metals •Colour Technologies •Chemical Products•Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Manufacturing •Catalysis and Chiral Technologies •Research Chemicals•New Business Development •Water•Battery Technologies（电池技术电池技术））•Fuel Cells•Light Duty Catalysts •Heavy Duty Catalysts •Stationary Emissions ControlValue Chain （价值链）►Johnson Matthey spans the battery value chain►Synergies of application knowledge helping drive basic technology materials R&D料电池生产系统设计OEM客户原材料电池材电池材料Johnson Matthey Battery Systems（庄信万丰电池系统）►Over the last decade Johnson Matthey Battery Systems (formerly Axeon) has developed a leading independent lithium-ion battery development team, recognised for leading-edge custom battery design and manufacturing capabilities.►This technology base enables us to design and manufacture advanced lithium-ion battery systems for a variety of end market applications:►We make ~ 2.5 million lithium ion battery packs and buy over 70 million cells per annum （我们每年采购超过七千万个单体电池，年产约两百五十万个锂离子电池包）Automotive（汽车汽车））Power toolsand Mobile Power电动工具和移动电源电动工具和移动电源））E-Bikes（电动自行车电动自行车））Energy Storage（储能储能））Example Automotive Programmes （机动车项目范例）►HEV sports car:The highest performance battery in the world, developed for the McLaren P1™►Prototype fully electric Land Rover Defender►At the time the world’s most powerful passenger car battery for the 102EX Rolls-Royce Phantom Experimental Electric►REEVolution project -Parallel Hybrid plug-in electric vehicle, based on a X351 extendedwheelbase XJTranslating Vehicle Requirements into Systems Design （将车辆的需求转化成系统设计）OEM CustomerSpecification Validate Specifications Detailed Cell Testing Safety Engineering System Integration Control SoftwarePlug & PlayBattery SystemDesign Concept and Feasibility （设计概念与可行性研究）01Definition of Interfaces （接口定义）02Battery Management System（电池管理系统）03Cell Selection（电池的选择）04PackagingStudy （组装研究）►Mechanical►Mounting ►Electrical►Connections►Comms/diagnostics►BatteryManagement Systemdevelopment and integration►Software►Electrochemical ►Thermal►Safety Testing►Based on previous and concept options►Identification of standards / regulations, e.g. IEC/ISO, FMVSS, SAE, ECE R100Design and Assessment （设计与评估）05 SpaceVolumeAnalysis （空间容量分析）06Driving Safety（驾驶安全性）07ThermalAnalysis（热分析）08Performance,Cost andWeight（性能，成本与重量）►CAD packaginganalysis / baselineconcept creation ►Numerical vehiclesimulation toensure drive safety►Brake test►Skid Pan test►Slalom test►Lane changetest►FMEA►Thermal Analysis►Drive cycleAnalysis►NEDC►UDDS etc►Operating Temp-30 to 50o C?►Whole systemprelimPerformanceExpectations,weight and costestimation►Cells, BMS►Module housing►Battery housing►DifferentmaterialsMainstream Automotive （主流汽车）Vehicle Type（汽车类型汽车类型））µ-HEV （微混微混））MHEV （中混中混））HEV （全混全混））PHEV（插电式混合插电式混合））BEV （纯电动纯电动））Fuel Cell（燃料电池燃料电池））Description （描述）Stop/start, limited regen braking with starter generator, noelec drivingStop/start, regen braking,accel boost, no elecdrivingStop/start, regen braking,acceleration boost,short EVStop/start, regen braking, full EVdrivingRegen braking, full EV drivingFrom battery point of view, essentially a full hybrid or longer term a plug in hybridTypical Voltage （典型电压）12V 36-150V 200-400V 200-400V 200-400V Energy capacity（能量）0.6-1.2kWh1kWh 1kWh 5-10kWh 10-30kWh Power （功率）2kW 5-20kW 30-50kW 30-70kW 30-70kW Technologies （技术）PbAcid,PbAcid+Supercap PbAcid, NiMH, Li-ion(HP)NiMH, Li-ion(HP)Li-ion(HE/HP)Li-ion(HE)Cycle Regime （循环机制）Typically 60-80% SoC, cycle depth during stop 1%Typical 40-60% SoC, micro cycledepth 2%Typical 40-60% SoC, micro cycledepth 5%Typical 40-60% SoC, micro cycledepth 1%Typical 20-100%SoC Lifetime （寿命）Several 100,000 micro cycles, 5yr forPbAcid Several 100,000 micro cyclesSeveral 100,000 micro cycles3000full cycles plus several 100,000 microcycles 3000 full cyclesPower /Energy （功率能量比）5-10kW for cranking, 0.5-2kW for normaloperation5-20kW/kWh 30-50kW/kWh5-20kW/kWh3-5kW/kWh >150Wh/kg►VW expectations 2018-2020( )Mainstream Automotive（主流汽车）Vehicle Type PHEVDescription Stop/start, regenbraking, full EVdriving Typical Voltage200-400V Energycapacity5-10kWh Power30-70kW Technologies Li-ion(HE/HP)Cycle Regime Typical 40-60%SoC, micro cycledepth 1% Lifetime3000full cyclesplus several100,000 microcyclesPower& Energy 5-20kW/kWh►VW expectations 2018-2020Mainstream Automotive（主流汽车）Vehicle Type PHEVDescription Stop/start, regenbraking, full EVdrivingTypical Voltage200-400VEnergycapacity5-10kWhPower30-70kWTechnologies Li-ion(HE/HP)Cycle Regime Typical 40-60%SoC, micro cycledepth 1%Lifetime3000full cycles plusseveral 100,000micro cyclesPower& Energy 5-20kW/kWh►VW expectations 2018-2020Mainstream Automotive （主流汽车）Vehicle Type PHEV Supercar PHEV（插电式混合超级汽车插电式混合超级汽车））Description Stop/start, regenbraking, full EVdriving Stop/start, regen braking, full EVdrivingTypical Voltage200-400V> 400V Energycapacity5-10kWh> 4kWh Power30-70kW>160kW Peak />130kW Cont Chg+Dchg Technologies Li-ion(HE/HP)Li-ion(HP)Cycle Regime Typical 40-60%SoC, micro cycledepth 1%20 –100%SoCLifetime3000full cycles plusseveral 100,000micro cycles Track+ Road HEV + EV Life of Vehicle?Power& Energy 5-20kW/kWh Peak >40kW/kWh,Cont >30kW/kWh>1.2kW/kg►VW expectations 2018-2020Mainstream Automotive（主流汽车）Vehicle Type PHEV Supercar PHEV（插电式混合超级汽车插电式混合超级汽车））Description Stop/start, regenbraking, full EVdriving Stop/start, regen braking, full EVdrivingTypical Voltage200-400V> 400V Energycapacity5-10kWh> 4kWh Power30-70kW>160kW Peak />130kW Cont Chg+Dchg Technologies Li-ion(HE/HP)Li-ion(HP)Cycle Regime Typical 40-60%SoC, micro cycledepth 1%20 –100%SoCLifetime3000full cycles plusseveral 100,000micro cycles Track+ Road HEV + EV Life of Vehicle?Power& Energy 5-20kW/kWh Peak >40kW/kWh,Cont >30kW/kWh>1.2kW/kg►VW expectations 2018-2020Other requirements :►EV range►CO2g/km►EV speedunlimited►Pit lane charge►Fast►Cooling►Regen Braking►V. High►Lap time targetaround race trackElectrochemistry –Cell Vendor Relationships（电化学—与电池供应商良好的合作关系）►JMBS have strategic relationships and multiple supply contracts in place with all major global suppliers of high capacity Lithium cells（JMBS与世界上所有主要大容量电池供应商保持战略合作伙伴关系并签有供应合同）►Experienced in using all cell form factors (prismatic, pouch, cylindrical)►Close working relationships with major cell suppliers gives JMBS access to Technology Roadmaps for major cell suppliers.（与主要电池供应商的良好合作关系帮助JMBS了解主要供应商的技术发展路线图）Cell Testing & Validation （电池表征与验证）Validation of Specifications►Capacity, Energy, Power, Cycle Life,►Calendar life, Self Discharge, etc.Electrochemical andApplication Specific►Hybrid Peak Power Capability,►Drive cycle Analysis,►Dynamic Stress Test, etc.Thermal Analysis►Heat capacity, Heat Rejection,►Thermal Performance, etc.►Thermal ImagingAbuse Testing►Over-charge, Over-discharge,►Short Circuit, Fire, Penetration, etc.Cell Selection （电池的选择）►Technology Landscape （技术状况）Li4Ti5O12LiMnxNiyCozO2LiFePO4LiMn2O4/ Blend Unconfirmed*Not yetcommerciallyavailableFor 10sec Peak PowerCell Chemistry Type :►Gravimetric Energy and Power Density►Volumetric Energy and Power DensityThermal Performance / Management Requirements （热管理）Design / Integrate / Lightweight （小而轻）Electronics / BMS （电子/电池管理系统）Extensive cell testing and characterisation form the basis of calibration and control strategy ► Extremely high power density rated systems necessitate a very capable BMS►►(Power Density is an order of magnitude greater than a typical electric vehicle)►►►►►Highly flexible in its concept, BMS provides operational performance precisely tailored and calibrated to data for the chosen cell type Active cell balancing, which shuttles charge around the pack to maintain accurate balance throughout the power pack and ensure optimum performance and durability. Not standard in all hybrid cars, but in an extremely high performance vehicle it is more advantageous in maintaining performance through vehicle life. A battery control module (BCM) communicates with the vehicle and monitoring boards (VTBM) providing safety-critical control of the complete battery system including cooling, state of charge and state of health estimation. The BMS has to be a predictive / adaptive system → Maximise Performance (Power) （电池管理系统必须是可预测的/可调节的 → 使性能（功率）最大化）21Case Study : “A”（范例分析“A”：插拔式/混合动力超级跑车）►► ►►►In F1 KERS systems are restricted by the FIA sporting regulations. ► 60kW, 400kJ per lap -> 6.7sec On road have no rules! Maximisation of cell performance （电池性能最大化） Minimisation of weight and volume （重量和体积最小化） Uncompromised instantaneous maximum performance. （瞬时最大性能未受影响）►Battery Characteristics:► ► ►►► ►Chemistry: LFP Energy : ~4.7kWh Charge and Discharge Pulse power: 180kW Peak, 135kW Cont EV Range : >16km Battery weight:· <100kg►►Highest power density battery pack in production road-going car （最大功率密度的投产公路汽车） ► Power density as a function of mass and volume Control, management systems to provide performance over life of vehicle ► Step change in performance （性能上的飞跃） Measurable impact on CO2/km and mpg22Case Study : “B”（范例分析“B”）►►Low Voltage Starter Battery designed for High Performance Sport CarBattery Characteristics:► ► ► ►► ►Chemistry: LFP Capacity: 80 Ah, Energy : ~1kWh Pulse power:10.7kW for 20 sec Cold cranking Power at -20°C : 4.1kW 5 sec Operating Temperature: -20-55°C Battery weight:· 20kg►►Advanced Engineering :►►►► ►Low profile cell array: Creative packaging of pouch cells allowing for greater flexibility in the vehicle design. Innovative carbon fibre structure with an ultra-low profile (<19 mm). The multilayer carbon composite deployed is both light-weight and high strength. Design of novel retention /compression features to allow for optimal compression of the cells to ensure best performance in terms of power and life. Bespoke bi-metallic busbars Laser welding of cell terminals to bus bars先进的工程技术: ► 超薄的电池排列：软包电池的创新组合留 给车辆设计更大的空间。
世界动力电池大会英语作文
世界动力电池大会英语作文English:The World Battery Industry Expo, held annually, is a significant event that brings together industry leaders, experts, and professionals from around the world to discuss the latest trends, technologies, and advancements in the field of power batteries. The expo serves as a platform for companies to showcase their products, services, and innovations, as well as to network and collaborate with potential partners and clients. With the increasing demand for electric vehicles, renewable energy storage systems, and other technologies that rely on batteries, the expo plays a crucial role in driving innovation and promoting sustainable development in the industry. By facilitating knowledge sharing, networking opportunities, and business collaborations, the World Battery Industry Expo contributes to the growth and advancement of the global battery market, ultimately leading to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future.中文翻译:每年举办的世界动力电池大会是一个重要的活动，汇集了来自世界各地的行业领导人、专家和专业人士，共同讨论动力电池领域的最新趋势、技术和进展。
新能源汽车在国际贸易中的现状、问题及应对策略
新能源汽车在国际贸易中的现状、问题及应对策略摘要新能源汽车是当今全球范围内汽车工业发展的一个热门领域。
然而，尽管其对环境友好和节能减排的优点备受赞誉，但仍存在着一系列的问题和挑战。
本文根据新能源汽车在国际贸易中的现状、问题及应对策略，从新能源汽车的市场现状、技术需要、规定、知识产权和品牌营销等多个方面进行分析，然后提出相应的对策措施，以期为新能源汽车的国际市场开拓提供参考。
关键词：新能源汽车；国际贸易；问题；应对策略。
IntroductionNew energy vehicles (NEVs) are widely regarded as a promising field for the development of the global automotive industry. However, despite the significant benefits of NEVsin terms of environmental friendliness and energy conservation and emission reduction, there are still a number of issues and challenges that need to be addressed. This paper aims to analyze the current status, problems, and countermeasures of NEVs in international trade from multiple aspects, including market status, technology needs, policy regulations, intellectual property rights, and brand marketing.Current Status of NEVs in International Trade1. Market StatusThe global NEV market is still in its infancy, but it has demonstrated strong growth potential. According to data from the International Energy Agency (IEA), in 2020, theglobal NEV market reached 3.2 million vehicles, up by 43% compared to the previous year. China is currently the world's largest NEV market, followed by Europe, the United States, and Japan. Although the overall sales volume of NEVs is growing rapidly, it still accounts for a small proportion of the total global auto market share.2. Technology NeedsCompared to traditional vehicles, NEVs have higher technological requirements, particularly in terms of battery technology and energy management systems. Currently, the technology used in NEVs is still in the early stage of development, and there is a lack of standardization in terms of charging interfaces, battery performance, and energy storage systems. Therefore, there is a need for more investment in R&D to promote technical innovation and standardization.3. Policy RegulationsThe promotion and development of NEVs are highly dependent on government policies and subsidies. In order to support the development of NEVs, many countries have introduced a series of policies and incentives in terms of taxation, rebates, and power grid construction. However, policy changes and uncertainties have had a certain impact on the NEV market. For example, the US government's reduction of subsidies for NEVs has led to a decline in sales.4. Intellectual Property RightsNEVs are a high-tech product, and intellectual property rights (IPR) play a crucial role in the development and protection of this industry. Currently, many NEV technologies and patents are controlled by multinational companies, which poses a significant challenge for domestic NEV manufacturers.Strengthening the protection and acquisition of IPR will bean essential measure for the sustainable development of the NEV industry.5. Brand MarketingThe NEV industry is characterized by intense competition, and branding is crucial for success in the market. However, compared to traditional auto manufacturers, NEV brands lack brand recognition and reputation. To achieve a high level of recognition and reputation, NEV brands must improve their public relations and marketing strategies in order toincrease consumer awareness and acceptance.Problems and Countermeasures of NEVs in International Trade1. Technology StandardsThe lack of standardization in terms of NEV charging interfaces, battery performance, and energy storage systems has led to fragmentation in the market. To address this issue, countries and regions around the world should work togetherto establish a common technical standard for NEV components and systems. In addition, the development of NEV technology standards should be promoted to strengthen thecompetitiveness of domestic NEV manufacturers.2. Policy SupportNEVs are still in the growth stage, and government support remains critical to their development. Governments should provide targeted policy incentives and financialsupport to promote the development and production of NEVs, such as promoting R&D cooperation, reducing taxes, and increasing subsidies. At the same time, policy stability and predictability should be ensured to avoid fluctuations that have a negative impact on the NEV market.3. Intellectual Property ProtectionTo promote the sustainable development of the NEV industry, it is essential to strengthen the protection and acquisition of IPR. Countries and regions should strengthen cooperation in the field of IPR protection and promote the establishment of a comprehensive IPR protection systemthrough international collaboration and cooperation.4. Brand PromotionTo improve the global recognition and acceptance of NEV brands, domestic NEV manufacturers must comprehend the consumer's preferences, establish a distinctive brand image, and implement an effective marketing strategy. At the same time, building a sound after-sales service system, improving the customer experience, and implementing a differentiated marketing approach are important means of enhancing the reputation and popularity of NEV brands.ConclusionThe NEV industry is an emerging industry, and there are still many uncertainties and challenges. The problems facing the NEV industry in international trade are multidimensional, including market status, technology needs, policy regulations, intellectual property rights, and brand marketing. To copewith these challenges effectively, targeted measures and strategies should be taken accordingly. Countries and regions should work together to promote the standardization of NEV components and systems, strengthen policy support and incentives, improve the protection of intellectual property rights, and establish a distinctive brand image and marketing strategy. By doing so, the NEV industry can achievesustainable development and make a greater contribution to environmental protection and sustainable development.。
碱性二次电池和电池组标准中电流标识指南
碱性二次电池和电池组标准中电流标识指南Alkaline secondary batteries, also known as rechargeable alkaline batteries, have gained popularity due to their ability to be reused multiple times, reducing the amount of waste generated from single-use batteries. These batteries operate by converting chemical energy into electrical energy through reversible electrochemical reactions. They are often used in a wide range of applications, including portable electronic devices, power tools, and electric vehicles.碱性二次电池，也称为可充电碱性电池，由于其能够多次重复使用，减少了一次性电池产生的废物量，因此受到了广泛的欢迎。
这些电池通过将化学能转化为电能，通过可逆的电化学反应来运行。
它们通常用于各种应用，包括便携式电子设备、电动工具和电动汽车。
When it comes to the standardization of alkaline batteries and battery packs, it is essential to establish clear guidelines for the identification of current ratings. The current rating of a battery or battery pack indicates the maximum continuous discharge current that the device can sustain without causing damage or compromising its performance. This is a crucial parameter forensuring the safe and efficient operation of electronic devices and electrical systems powered by alkaline batteries.在标准化碱性电池和电池组时，建立明确的电流评定标准是非常重要的。
欧盟新电池法英文名
欧盟新电池法英文名The European Union's New Battery RegulationThe European Union (EU) has recently introduced a new battery regulation known as the "European Union Battery Regulation" in order to address the growing concerns regarding battery waste and its impact on the environment. This regulation aims to create a more sustainable and environmentally friendly battery market within the EU. In this article, we will explore the key provisions and objectives of this regulation, as well as its potential impact on the battery industry and consumers.1. Background and ObjectivesThe EU Battery Regulation is a response to the increasing battery waste generated within the EU, which poses significant environmental and health risks. This regulation seeks to establish a circular economy for batteries, ensuring that they are produced sustainably, used efficiently, and recycled properly. The key objectives of this regulation include:1.1. Promoting Sustainable Battery Production: The regulation encourages the use of sustainable materials and processes in the production of batteries. This includes minimizing the use of hazardous substances, such as lead and cadmium, and promoting the use of more environmentally friendly alternatives.1.2. Enhancing Battery Performance and Efficiency: The regulation aims to improve the energy efficiency and performance of batteries. This will contribute to reducing the overall energy consumption and carbon emissions associated with battery use.1.3. Facilitating Battery Recycling: One of the major focuses of the regulation is to establish a comprehensive system for collecting and recycling batteries. This will help reduce the environmental impact of battery waste and promote the recovery of valuable resources contained in batteries, such as rare metals.2. Key ProvisionsThe EU Battery Regulation comprises several key provisions, which include:2.1. Registration and Reporting Requirements: Battery producers are required to register with the competent authority of each EU member state where they place batteries on the market. They must also provide information on the composition and performance of their batteries, as well as their recycling capabilities.2.2. Restrictions on Hazardous Substances: The regulation imposes limits on the use of hazardous substances, such as lead, mercury, and cadmium, in batteries. Producers must comply with these restrictions to ensure the safety and environmental sustainability of their products.2.3. Labelling and Information Requirements: Batteries must be appropriately labelled to indicate their performance characteristics, such as energy capacity and lifespan. Moreover, consumers should have access to clear and accurate information about the environmental impact of batteries and their recycling options.2.4. Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR): The regulation introduces the principle of extended producer responsibility, making battery producersresponsible for managing the collection, treatment, and recycling of their products at the end of their lifecycle. This encourages producers to design batteries that are easier to dismantle and recycle.3. Potential ImpactThe EU Battery Regulation is expected to have a significant impact on the battery industry and consumers within the EU. Some of the potential effects include:3.1. Market Transformation: The regulation incentivizes the development and adoption of more sustainable battery technologies, leading to a shift towards cleaner and more efficient energy storage solutions. This will support the EU's transition to a low-carbon economy.3.2. Improved Environmental Sustainability: Through the promotion of sustainable battery production and recycling, the regulation will help reduce the environmental impact of battery waste, including the contamination of soil and water sources. This will contribute to preserving and protecting the ecosystem.3.3. Increased Battery Performance and Lifespan: The regulation's focus on enhancing battery performance and efficiency will lead to the availability of more reliable and longer-lasting batteries for consumers. This will improve the overall user experience and reduce the frequency of battery replacements.In conclusion, the European Union Battery Regulation represents a significant step towards achieving a more sustainable and environmentally friendly battery market within the EU. Through its provisions, the regulationaims to promote sustainable battery production, enhance battery performance, and establish effective recycling systems. The successful implementation of this regulation will contribute to the EU's efforts in combating climate change and creating a greener future.。
中国新能源汽车的发展前景英语作文
中国新能源汽车的发展前景英语作文The Development Prospect of New Energy Vehicles in ChinaWith the progress of technology and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, new energy vehicles have become the focus of the automotive industry. In recent years, China has attached great importance to the development of new energy vehicles and has made remarkable achievements. The development prospect of new energy vehicles in China is promising, and it has great potential to become a leading force in the global market.Firstly, the Chinese government has been actively promoting the development of new energy vehicles through various policies and measures. In order to reduce air pollution and dependence on imported oil, the Chinese government has introduced a series of policies to encourage the production and consumption of new energy vehicles. These policies include financial subsidies, tax incentives, and regulations on fuel consumption. The government has also invested heavily in the construction of charging stations and battery swapping stations to improve the infrastructure for new energy vehicles.Secondly, the Chinese automotive industry has made rapid progress in the research and development of new energy vehicles. Chinese automakers such as BYD, NIO, and Geely have made significant advances in electric vehicle technology and have launched a variety of new energy vehicles on the market. The quality and performance of Chinese new energy vehicles have been greatly improved, attracting more consumers to choose them as an alternative to traditional fuel vehicles.Moreover, the Chinese market has great potential for the development of new energy vehicles. China is the largest automotive market in the world, with a huge demand for vehicles. As the government promotes new energy vehicles and consumers become more environmentally conscious, the market for new energy vehicles in China is expanding rapidly. With the support of policies and the improvement of technology, the sales of new energy vehicles in China are expected to continue to grow in the future.In addition, the international market for new energy vehicles is also an important opportunity for Chinese automakers. As more countries and regions around the world are promoting the use of new energy vehicles, Chinese automakers have the opportunity to expand their presence in the global market. Byexporting new energy vehicles to other countries, Chinese automakers can enhance their competitiveness and contribute to the development of the global new energy vehicle industry.In conclusion, the development prospect of new energy vehicles in China is promising. With the support of government policies, the progress of technology, the potential of the domestic market, and the opportunities in the international market, Chinese new energy vehicles are expected to play an important role in the transformation of the global automotive industry. As China continues to promote the development of new energy vehicles, it has the potential to become a leader in the field of new energy vehicles and contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation system.。
关于新能源汽车销量增长趋势的英语作文
关于新能源汽车销量增长趋势的英语作文With the increasing awareness of environmental protection and the development of technology, the global market for new energy vehicles has been growing rapidly. In recent years, the sales of new energy vehicles have shown a steady growth trend, which is driven by a combination of government policies, technological advancements, and changing consumer preferences.First of all, government policies play a crucial role in promoting the growth of new energy vehicle sales. Many countries around the world have introduced various incentive policies to encourage the adoption of new energy vehicles, such as subsidies, tax breaks, and license plate restrictions. For example, in China, the government has implemented a series of policies to support the development of new energy vehicles, including subsidies for consumers, support for charging infrastructure construction, and promotion of public transportation electrification. These policies have effectively stimulated the demand for new energy vehicles and contributed to the growth of sales.Secondly, technological advancements have significantly improved the performance and cost-effectiveness of new energyvehicles, making them more competitive in the market. With the development of battery technology, electric vehicles now have longer driving ranges, faster charging times, and lower costs. In addition, advancements in autonomous driving technology and connectivity have also enhanced the appeal of new energy vehicles, attracting more consumers to choose them over traditional vehicles. As a result, the sales of new energy vehicles have continued to increase steadily in recent years.Lastly, changing consumer preferences towards sustainability and green living have also driven the growth of new energy vehicle sales. With the growing awareness of climate change and environmental degradation, more consumers are choosing to purchase eco-friendly vehicles to reduce their carbon footprint. New energy vehicles, such as electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids, are seen as a cleaner and more sustainable alternative to traditional gasoline-powered vehicles. As a result, an increasing number of consumers are opting for new energy vehicles, leading to a steady growth in sales.In conclusion, the sales of new energy vehicles are experiencing a growth trend, driven by government policies, technological advancements, and changing consumer preferences. As the global market for new energy vehiclescontinues to expand, it is expected that the sales of new energy vehicles will continue to grow in the coming years, playing a significant role in the transition to a sustainable and low-carbon transportation system.。
Lithium_Battery_Enterprises_Take_Multiple_Measures
58Recently, the upstream and downstream enterprises of the lithium battery industry chain have released thefinancial reports of Q1 of this year. Due to the increasing demands of new energy vehicles for power batteries, the revenue and profit of lithium mining developers and lithium battery cathode material suppliers have boosted. However, for some lithium battery enterprises, their revenue increased by 100-200% while net profits dropped by 20-40%. There have been stark differences between raw material suppliers and battery enterprises in terms of operational performances.Over-demand for lithium raw materialsIn 2021, the global sales volume of new energy vehicles reached 6.75 million, a year-on-year increase of 108%. China’s output of new energy vehicles reached 2.246 million, a year-on-year increase of 75.3%. The substantial increase in market demand has prompted new energy battery manufacturers to expand productions.Lithium Battery Enterprises Take Multiple Measures to Alleviate the Pressure of Raw MaterialsBy Ada WangSince early this year, Chinese battery enterprises have had strong desires for expanding investment and production. During Q1, the investment in lithium battery industry has exceed RMB 209.1 billion, with the total increased capacity of 579 GWh. In the whole year of 2021, China’s power battery capacity was only 219.7 GWh.“It takes 9 months to 1 year to expand the battery production, but the expansion of lithium ore production normally takes 15 to 24 months,” said Xiao Taiming, Deputy General Manager of Yiqi Lihe.For battery enterprises, capital supply is the most important condition for expanding production. However, for lithium mining enterprises, it is not easy to improve lithium production capacity. Industry insiders said that for bulk product suppliers such as lithium mining enterprises, the expansion of production capacity is slow. On the one hand, increasing mining capacity takes a long time naturally; on the other hand, there are national policy constraints onthe mining capacities of enterprises.According to Zeng Youpeng, lithium battery analyst of Trendforce Consulting, the demand for lithium carbonate, the most critical raw material for lithium batteries, amount to 567,000 tons in 2021, while the production capacity was only 554,000 tons. The short supply and over-demand for the raw materials have led to the shape rise in prices from the end of last year to the end of Q1 this year.As important raw materials for producing cathode materials of ternary lithium batteries, the cobalt and nickel have also seen growing demands. Zeng Youpeng said that by 2025, the total market demand for cobalt in the battery sector will reach 190,000 tons, of which the cobalt demand for producing power batteries will reach 136,000 tons. Although power battery manufacturers are trying to use less cobalt and looking for non-cobalt battery materials, the rapid growth of sales of production and sales of electric vehicles have led to the rising demands for cobalt. For the nickel material, the nickle supply is sufficient globally, but according to Zeng Youpeng, there will be structural short supply of battery-used nickel as the usage of nickel keeps growing for producing electric vehicles.The strong demand for raw materials, plus the difficulties and long cycle of expanding capacity, have created a seller market for raw materials. The batteries manufacturers are willing to reduce the procurement price, but it is very difficult the cut the price due to the short supply in the market.Large-scale production increaseAccording to the statistics of factory construction and production expansionplans released by 13 major lithium battery59material manufacturers in China from November 2021 to April 2022, they have formulated an equipment investment plan with a total amount of about RMB 71 billion. By 2025, the production capacity of the world’s largest manufacturer of insulating materials will increase three-fold from the current level.Li X iaom ing, Cha i r ma n of Yunnan Enjie New Materials Co., Ltd., the world’s largest manufacturer of insulating materials, said that the company will increase investment by R MB 20 billion to build new factories in Yunnan, Jiangsu, Hubei and Chongqing. In 2022, some of the company’s factories in Hungary will start production, and it is also considering to build new factories in North America. By the end of 2021, the company’s annual production capacity has reached 5 billion square meters and is expected to exceed 16 billion square meters in 2025. The company’s customers cover many industries, including CATL, BYD, Panasonic, Samsung Group and LG Group.According to data from Japan’s Yano Research Institute, the four main raw materials of lithium batteries produced by Chinese enterprises accounted for 62% to 81% of the world in 2020.Other enterprises are also improving the mechanism of expanding production of battery raw materials. Beiteri New Materials Group, which has the world’s largest share of negative electrode materials, announced a new productionexpansion plan at the financial statement meeting in April this year. The company’s medium and long-term goal is to increase its annual production capacity from 140,000 tons in 2021 to 400,000 tons, and will build new factories in Shenzhen and Yunnan. In addition, Jiangsu Guotai International Group, a leading producer of electrolyte, will also build new plants in Zhejiang, Fujian and Poland.Market tension hard to return to normal in the short runZeng Youpeng said that lithium itself is a cyclical product. He believes that the high lithium price will not last for a long time, and will eventually return to normal. He said that by 2023, there will be an oversupply of lithium carbonate in the market, but currently it is difficult for the price of lithium raw materials to return to the original level in the short term.X iao Ta iming sa id that the battery manufacturers shall expand the business towards the raw material sector or auto productions in the downstream, to ensure the supply security to the greatest extent.Yang Tingting, senior analyst of CCID Consulting, said that to turn losses into profits under the current market conditions, the battery enterprises shall seek to expand the international market. Take Great Power’s 2021 annual report as an example, the profits of its international business have accounted for 22.6% of the total profits. She said that on the one hand, the export business generates higher profits; on the other hand, the competition is less fierce in the international market.Xiao Taiming also provided several constructive suggestions for battery enterprises: first, suppliers should increase production capacity as much as possible and improve their voice in price negotiation. Second, manufacturers shall try to sign long-term purchase agreements with upstream suppliers to ensure supply, and sign agreements with downstream manufacturers to allow price fluctuations to deal with a series of uncertain factors triggered by market price fluctuations. In this way, battery manufacturers can transmit part of the pressure caused by the price change of raw materials to other companies andreduce the risk.Lin Nianxiu, Deputy Director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said at the China EV 100 Forum that we should consolidate the technological and industrial advantages of lithium-ion batteries, accelerate developing new battery technologies such as sodium ion, cobalt free, solid-state batteries and fuel cells, promote the diversification of battery technologies and materials, establish and improve the recycling system of power batteries, and effectively alleviate the short-supply of rare metals and scarce metal resources. Lin Nianxiu mentioned that the National Development and Reform Commission will work with relevant departments to study and formulate policies and measures to promote the development of power battery industry and improve industrial competitiveness.He said that we should stre-ngthen risk monitoring, research and judgment in the field of electric vehicles, give early warning in time and properly control the risks. We should strengthen the coordination of industrial chain and supply chain, give play to the leading role of flagship enterprises, strengthen the connections between upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, and ensure the stable operation of the industry. First, encourage chip and automobile enterprises to accelerate technology R & D through collaborative innovation, act ively e x pa nd t he product ion capacity of auto-used chips, strive to improve the supply quality and quantity, and effectively resolve the issue of supply shortage. Second, strengthen the construction of resource guarantee system for lithium, tungsten and nickel, continue to ensure supply and stable price, and speed up the construction of a diversified resource guarantee system with simultaneous development and procurement at home and abroad. Third, ensure data and network security. We should always focus on data security in the whole production process of electric vehicles, and strive to build a market-oriented, legalized and international regulatory standard and supervision system.By 2023, there will be an oversupply of lithium carbonate in the market, but currently it is difficult for the price of lithium raw materials to return to the original level in the short term.。
新能源汽车发展历程未来展望英语作文
新能源汽车发展历程未来展望英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Development of New Energy Vehicles: A Historical Perspective and Future OutlookIntroductionWith the rise of environmental consciousness and the depletion of fossil fuel resources, the development of new energy vehicles has become a crucial aspect of the automotive industry. In this essay, we will explore the historical development of new energy vehicles and provide insights into their future prospects.Historical DevelopmentThe idea of new energy vehicles dates back to the early 19th century, with the invention of the first electric car by Thomas Davenport in 1834. However, it was not until the late 20th century that new energy vehicles began to gain mainstream attention. In the 1990s, major automotive manufacturers started to invest in research and development of electric and hybridvehicles, driven by concerns over greenhouse gas emissions and global warming.The first mass-produced electric car, the Nissan Leaf, was introduced in 2010, marking a significant milestone in the development of new energy vehicles. Since then, electric and hybrid vehicles have become increasingly popular, with more and more manufacturers offering a wide range of options to consumers. The rapid growth of the new energy vehicle market has been facilitated by advancements in battery technology, charging infrastructure, and government incentives.Future ProspectsLooking ahead, the future of new energy vehicles appears bright. With ongoing efforts to reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change, governments around the world are implementing policies to promote the adoption of electric and hybrid vehicles. This includes subsidies, tax incentives, and stricter emission standards that encourage manufacturers to produce more sustainable vehicles.In addition, technological advancements in battery technology are making electric vehicles more affordable and efficient. The development of solid-state batteries, for example, promises to revolutionize the new energy vehicle market byincreasing energy density, reducing charging times, and improving overall performance. As a result, electric vehicles are becoming increasingly competitive with traditional internal combustion engine vehicles in terms of cost and range.Furthermore, the expansion of charging infrastructure is making it easier for consumers to transition to electric vehicles. With the proliferation of fast chargers and the development of innovative charging solutions, range anxiety is becoming less of a concern for drivers. As more charging stations are built, electric vehicles are becoming a more practical and convenient option for everyday use.ConclusionIn conclusion, the development of new energy vehicles has come a long way since the early days of the electric car. With advancements in technology, government support, and changing consumer preferences, electric and hybrid vehicles are poised to play a key role in the future of transportation. By continuing to invest in research and development, expand charging infrastructure, and implement supportive policies, we can accelerate the transition to a more sustainable automotive industry.篇2The Development History and Future Prospects of New Energy VehiclesIntroductionWith the increasing global awareness of climate change and environmental pollution, the development of new energy vehicles has become a significant trend in the automotive industry. New energy vehicles, including electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles, are seen as a promising solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. This essay will discuss the development history of new energy vehicles and provide insights into their future prospects.Development HistoryThe idea of using alternative energy sources to power vehicles dates back to the early 19th century when electric vehicles were first introduced. However, the mass production and commercialization of new energy vehicles only began in the late 20th century. The initial models faced challenges such as limited driving range, high costs, and lack of charging infrastructure, which hindered their widespread adoption.In recent years, technological advancements, government subsidies, and environmental regulations have spurred the growth of the new energy vehicle market. Major automakers around the world have invested heavily in research and development to improve battery technology, increase driving range, and reduce production costs. As a result, electric vehicles have become more affordable and accessible to consumers.Future ProspectsLooking ahead, the future of new energy vehicles appears promising. Several trends are driving the rapid growth of this market:1. Government Support: Many countries have established policies and incentives to promote the adoption of new energy vehicles, including tax credits, rebates, and subsidies. These measures encourage consumers to switch from traditional gasoline-powered vehicles to electric or hybrid models.2. Technological Innovation: Advances in battery technology, such as the development of solid-state batteries andfast-charging solutions, are addressing the key challenges of driving range and charging time. As a result, electric vehicles are becoming more practical for everyday use.3. Environmental Concerns: The growing awareness of climate change and air pollution is motivating consumers to choose cleaner and greener transportation options. New energy vehicles offer a sustainable alternative to fossil fuel-powered vehicles and contribute to reducing carbon emissions.4. Infrastructure Investment: Governments and private companies are investing in the expansion of charging stations and hydrogen refueling stations to support the growing fleet of new energy vehicles. This infrastructure development is essential for overcoming range anxiety and encouraging more drivers to embrace electric and fuel cell vehicles.ConclusionIn conclusion, the development of new energy vehicles has made significant progress in recent years, thanks to technological innovation, government support, and environmental concerns. The future prospects of new energy vehicles are promising, with growing demand from consumers and continued investment in research and development. As the automotive industry shifts towards electrification and sustainability, new energy vehicles are poised to play a crucial role in shaping the future of transportation.篇3The Development History and Future Prospects of New Energy VehiclesWith the increasing awareness of environmental protection and the promotion of sustainable development, new energy vehicles have attracted more and more attention in recent years. New energy vehicles refer to vehicles that use advanced technologies and alternative energy sources to reduce carbon emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. The development of new energy vehicles has undergone a long and winding road, but the future prospects are promising.The development of new energy vehicles can be traced back to the 19th century when electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles were already in existence. However, it was not until the late 20th century that new energy vehicles gained momentum with the advancement of battery technology and the need for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The early 2000s saw the introduction of the first mass-produced electric vehicles, such as the Toyota Prius and Nissan Leaf, which marked a significant milestone in the development of new energy vehicles.In recent years, governments around the world have been promoting the adoption of new energy vehicles through incentives, subsidies, and stricter regulations on emissions. China, for example, has become the largest market for new energy vehicles, with the government setting ambitious targets for the number of electric vehicles on the road. Other countries, such as Norway and the Netherlands, have also been successful in promoting the uptake of electric vehicles through tax breaks and infrastructure investments.The future prospects of new energy vehicles are bright, as advancements in technology continue to drive down costs and improve performance. Battery technology, in particular, has seen significant improvements in recent years, with longer driving ranges and faster charging times. The development ofsolid-state batteries and other new technologies promises to further enhance the capabilities of electric vehicles and make them more competitive with traditional vehicles.In addition to technological advancements, the growing demand for electric vehicles and the increasing awareness of environmental issues are also driving the growth of new energy vehicles. Consumers are becoming more conscious of the environmental impact of their transportation choices and areincreasingly choosing electric vehicles as a greener alternative. As a result, the market for new energy vehicles is expected to continue to expand in the coming years.Despite the promising future prospects, there are still challenges to be overcome in the development of new energy vehicles. Range anxiety, high costs, and the lack of charging infrastructure are some of the key obstacles that need to be addressed in order to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles. Governments, industry stakeholders, and consumers will need to work together to overcome these challenges and ensure the success of new energy vehicles.In conclusion, the development history of new energy vehicles has been marked by significant advancements in technology and growing awareness of environmental issues. The future prospects of new energy vehicles are promising, with advancements in technology and growing demand driving the growth of the market. By overcoming the challenges and barriers to adoption, new energy vehicles have the potential to revolutionize the transportation industry and contribute to a more sustainable future.。
ESS斯泰尔工程软件中心简介
Magna International 麦格纳国际
Overview 简介
Global Presence 麦格纳全球分布
Western Europe西欧 Canada加拿大
19,575
46 9 60 12 33,625
85 37 36 2 43 19
Eastern Europe东欧
13,050
USA美国
INTERIORS内饰 Capabilities产品能力 • cockpit systems驾驶员舱系统 • door panels门板 • overhead systems顶棚系统 • soft trim & cargo management软 内饰&货物管理 • garnish & hard trim 装饰&y硬饰
电池&顶棚系统
4
Product Systems Overview 产品系统概览
SEATING 座椅 Capabilities产品能力 • seating systems座椅系统 • mechanism & hardware机械& 硬件 • specialty mechanisms特殊机械 • seat structures座椅结构 • foam & trim products发泡&装饰 产品 • design & development capabilities设计&开发能力
Global Footprint全球分布 • 32,825 employees**员工 • 53 mfg/assy facilities*制造/装配分 支 • 13 product development/ engineering/sales centers产品开 发/工程/销售中心
比亚迪竞争战略研究
哈尔滨理工大学毕业设计题目：比亚迪竞争战略研究院、系：管理学院市场营销*名：***指导教师：***系主任：李继承2014 年6 月18 日比亚迪竞争战略研究摘要随着全球经济一体化、科技水平的迅速发展、技术的迅速扩散，中国人口变化分析，我国人数越来越多，人均收入增加也不断生活水平提高，不论对私家车的需要还是客运与货运的汽车业都有一定的推动。
我国汽车工业从无到有，到改革开放后形成完整的汽车工业体系，更是由计划经济体制向市场经济体制转变，我国汽车市场由此诞生。
自加入WTO以来，我国的汽车产业得到了迅速的发展，众多自主汽车品牌纷纷出现，但是我国汽车产业的发展水平仍然和国外发达汽车工业国存在很大差距。
比亚迪股份有限公司【股票代码：1211.HK】创立于1995年，而比亚迪从2003年进入汽车行业，2008年获得“股神”巴菲特的投资，至今比亚迪汽车的年销量已突破50万，同时比亚迪汽车在新能源、环保汽车领域也处于国内领先地位，比亚迪作为新兴的国产汽车品牌在电池技术、销售渠道、服务体系以及价格方面都具有较大优势，有着很强的品牌竞争力，与此同时在激烈的市场竞争中也面临着考验！本文对比亚迪股份有限公司进行竞争战略研究，竞争战略研究和战略管理是企业发展必须面对的重要课题，也是改变企业竞争状态的必然选择。
本文首先对比亚迪发展现状及问题进行分析，然后比亚迪市场竞争战略环境分析，运用PEST分析方法对比亚迪宏观环境进行分析，运用SWOT分析方法对内部环境的分析，找到自身发展内外部优势，通过波特五力模型对竞争对手的分析明确机会与威胁，通过对比亚迪竞争战略的深入研究，有针对性地提出了战略实施过程中的具体措施，从而规避日益增加的风险，在竞争中获取更大的利益。
关键词比亚迪；竞争战略；营销策略Research of BYD Auto Competition StrategyAbstractWith the rapid development of global economic integration, science and technology level, the technology of rapid spread, China's population change analysis, the number is more and more in our country, per capita income increased living standards improve constantly too, regardless of the need for private cars or passenger and freight car industry has a certain drive. Our country automobile industry from scratch, to form a complete system of automobile industry after China's reform and opening up, but also from the planned economy system to market economic system, China's auto market was born. Since joining the WTO, China's auto industry got rapid development, many independent brands to appear, but the development level of auto industry in our country and developed industrial countries still there is a big gap. BYD co., LTD. (stock code: 1211. HK) was founded in 1995, and BYD into the auto industry from 2003, 2008 "stock god" Buffett's investment, BYD auto sales have topped 500000, BYD car in the field of new energy, environmental protection cars at the same time also is in the domestic leading position, BYD as emerging domestic car brands in battery technology, sales channels, service system, and has a larger price advantage, has a strong brand competitiveness, at the same time in the intense market competition is faced with the test!In this paper, the BYD company, LTD, competitive strategy research, competitive strategy research and strategic management is an important topic of the enterprise development must face, is also an inevitable choice for change enterprise competition state. This article first analyze the BYD's development present situation and problems, and then BYD market competition strategic environment analysis, using pest analysis method for BYD macro environment analysis, swot analysis method to the analysis of internal environment, find theirown development internal and external advantages, through the analysis of porter five models of rival clear opportunities and threats, through the in-depth study of BYD competitive strategy, puts forward the concrete measures in the process of strategy implementation, so as to avoid the increasing risk, in the competition for greater benefits.Keywords：BYD Auto；Competition strategy；Marketing strategy目录摘要 (I)Abstract (II)第1章绪论 (6)1.1 论文研究背景 (6)1.2 论文研究意义目的和意义 (6)1.2.1 研究目的 (6)1.2.2 研究意义 (6)1.3 竞争战略研究理论基础 (7)第2章比亚迪经营现状分析 (9)2.1 比亚迪简介与经营现状 (9)2.1.1 比亚迪集团简介 (9)2.1.2 比亚迪发展模式 (10)2.1.3 目前经营状况 (11)2.2 比亚迪经营中存在问题 (13)第3章比亚迪竞争战略环境分析 (15)3.1 宏观环境（PEST）分析 (15)3.1.1 政策环境 (15)3.1.2 经济环境 (15)3.1.3 社会环境 (15)3.1.4 技术环境 (16)3.2 微观环境分析 (16)3.2.1 企业内部资源 (16)3.2.2 核心竞争力 (17)3.2.3 企业文化 (18)3.2.4 波特五力模型分析 (18)第4章比亚迪竞争战略 (22)4.1 比亚迪竞争战略定位 (22)4.1.1 比亚迪战略目标 (22)4.1.2 相关多元化与垂直整合战略 (22)4.1.3 成本领先战略 (24)4.1.4 差异化战略 (24)4.2 比亚迪竞争战略实施与保障 (27)4.2.1 战略实施前期工作 (27)4.2.3 细分比亚迪市场 (30)4.2.4 目标市场选择与定位 (30)4.2.5 比亚迪营销策略 (30)4.2.6 人才积累与培养 (31)4.2.7 企业美誉度 (34)结论 (35)致谢 (36)参考文献 (37)附录A (38)附录B (42)第1章绪论1.1论文研究背景中国加入WTO后，汽车市场规模迅速扩大，全面融入世界汽车体系。
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AVICENNE ENERGY: RENOWNED TO HAVE REALISTIC FORECASTS
HEV powered by Lithium ion battery forecasts from 2008 to 2014
2,5
EV sold, in million units, worldwide, 2010 - 2020
Christophe PILLOT Director, AVICENNE ENERGY
Christophe PILLOT c.pillot@ +33(0)1 4778 4600
Presentation Outline • The rechargeable battery market in 2014 • The Li-ion battery value chain • Li-ion battery material market 2014 - 2025 • Forecasts & conclusions
IIT 2008
3
IIT (MARCH 2010)
5th Israeli Power Sources Conference May 21st, 2015 Herzelia, Israel
1
IIT 2010
2
ROLAND BERGER (2011)
REALITY
0,5
AVICENNE 2007
1
ROLAND BERGER (2012) AVICENNE 2007-2012 AAB (2012)
0
Christophe PILLOT + 33 1 47 78 46 00 c.pillot@
SLI: Start light and ignition batteries for cars, truck, moto, boat etc… PORTABLE: concumer electronics (cellular, portable PCs, tablests, Camera, …), data collection & handy terminals, POWER Tools: power tools but also gardening tools INDUSTRIAL • MOTIVE: Forklift (95%), others • STATIONARY: Telecom, UPS, Energy Storage System, Medical, Others (Emergency Lighting, Security, Railroad Signaling,, Diesel Generator Starting, Control & Switchgear, AUTOMOTIVE: HEV, P-HEV, EV OTHERS: Medical: wheelchairs, medical carts, medical devices (surgical power tools, mobile instrumentation (x-ray, ultrasound, EKG/ECG, large oxygen concentrators 1- Pack: cell, cell assembly, BMS, connectors – Power electronics (DC DC converters, invertors…) not included
Medical devices
Wheelchair Medical Cart Other Stationary Seismic
50 000
SLI 12 000
Other Stationary
40 000
Automotive
10 000
Seismic ESS
5th Israeli Power Sources Conference May 21st, 2015
Herzelia, Israel
Hale Waihona Puke ForkliftPower Tools E-Bikes
ESS Other Stand-by UPS Telecom Other Motive
30 000 Portable 20 000
US $ 20 Billion for “other” applications
8 000
Other Stand-by UPS
6 000
Telecom Other Motive Forklift
0 1990 2000 2010 2012 2013 2014 2015
5
Christophe PILLOT + 33 1 47 78 46 00 c.pillot@
Source: AVICENNE ENERGY, 2015
2015: Estimations
THE WORLDWIDE BATTERY MARKET 1990-2015
Tons of Li-ion Cathode per year 120000 Tons of cathode / Year Israeli Power Sources Conference May 21st, 2015 5th 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0
Christophe PILLOT + 33 1 47 78 46 00 c.pillot@
5 IIT (MARCH 2011)
IIT 2007
DEUTSCHE BANK (2012)
2
4
Million HEV powered by LIB
The worldwide Battery market and materials trends 2014-2025
1,5
IIT 2009
Number of EV sold worldwide ( Million)
Portable PC sold per Year (Million)
500 400 300 200 100 0 2000 170 M Portable PCs 2014 Li-ion 230 M Tablets
The worldwide Battery market and materials trends 2014-2025
400 000 350 000 300 000 250 000 MWh 200 000
NiMH
450 000 400 000 350 000
Others (Flow battery, 300 000 NAS, …) Li-ion
The worldwide Battery market and materials trends 2014-2025
2
THE BATTERY MARKET IS REALLY DYNAMIC
Million Units / year
Million Units/Year
Cellular Phones sold per Year (Million) 2000 Li-ion 1500 NiMH 1000 500 0 2000 2014
Battery Market Development for Consumer Electronics, Automotive, and Industrial: Materials Requirements and Trends
5th Israeli Power Sources Conference 2015 Herzelia, Israel - May 21st, 2015
Christophe PILLOT + 33 1 47 78 46 00 c.pillot@
Others (Flow battery, NAS, …)
Li-ion NiMH
5th Israeli Power Sources Conference May 21st, 2015 Herzelia, Israel
Source: AVICENNE ENERGY, 2015
6
THE WORLDWIDE BATTERY MARKET IN 2014: US $ 60 BILLION
Battery market in 2014 (M$)
Others SLI Automotive Portable Other Applications Marine
NiCD
2000
2010
2012
2013
2014
2015
Source: AVICENNE ENERGY, 2015
2015: Estimations
4
THE WORLDWIDE BATTERY MARKET 1990-2015
Lithium Ion Battery: Highest growth & major part of the investments Lead acid batteries: By far the most important market (90% market share)
Li-ion 18650 cell price ($/Wh) 3 2,5 2 $/Wh 1,5 1 0,5 0 2000 2014
Herzelia, Israel
2000
Source: AVICENNE ENERGY Analyses 2015
2014
3
THE WORLDWIDE BATTERY MARKET 1990-2015
Lithium Ion Battery: Highest growth & major part of industry investments
70 000
60 000 The worldwide Battery market and materials trends 2014-2025 MWh 50 000 40 000 30 000 20 000 10 000 0 1990