2010年10月9日托福考试阅读机经回顾

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2010托福考试北美机经之七

2010托福考试北美机经之七1、蝴蝶的颜⾊鲜艳，作为⼀种保护⾊。

因为鲜艳容易⼀开始被注意和捕⾷。

但正由于是这样，鸟也容易辨别。

发现不好吃了之后，就不吃了。

于是有⼈做实验，发现改变蝴蝶的翅膀，确实鸟就不认识了。

还有蝴蝶的幼⾍吃⼀种野草，⾥⾯有毒素。

幼⾍吸收了，变成蝴蝶，如果鸟吃了，就会呕吐。

2、地震波。

⼀种是p，⼀种是s。

ｐ传播是直线，且穿过各种物质。

s⾛ｓ路线，所以慢，液体和⽓体不穿过。

还有⼀种地⾯波，给地表造成巨⼤影响。

3、中产阶级和⾳乐的复兴。

主要讲由于经济的发展，中产阶级发展起来，先进的⾳乐创作⼯具产⽣。

城市⼈⼝的增长等，促进了对⾳乐的消费。

使得⾳乐在这⼀阶段得到了巨⼤的发展。

表现为⾳乐家可以过上上流⽣活，更多的⾳乐推向了⼤众。

4、讲鸟类的声⾳。

鸟类是如何学习声⾳，为什么同⼀族群的鸟的声⾳⼤致⼀样。

然后举了两种鸟的例⼦。

（阅读的时候，请区分是哪种鸟，最后⼀题。

我根本就来不及回原⽂找，瞎填）通过把幼鸟隔离等试验，发现鸟类出⽣后前三个⽉不发声，但是声⾳就是在这个时候听族群⾥⾯的声⾳，⽽学会的。

后来也很难再发展了。

还有⼀个试验，是把鸟隔离，还让它听不到⾃⼰的声⾳，最后这鸟只发出不连续的声⾳。

北美托福机经听⼒１、对话。

⼀个学⽣做presentation，⽤了幻灯⽚，提⾼了效率。

⽼师建议她多点总结和说明，以帮助⼤家理解。

她接受⽼师的建议，打算尽早写好。

其中讲到她的presentation是关于学⽣对打⼯的满意程度。

这⾥注意⼀点。

⼤三学⽣满意程度超过⼤四。

２、飞机动⼒学。

飞机本来要克服⼀个问题，叫做ｄｒａｇ。

但是，通过研究蜻蜓，发现蜻蜓很好的利⽤了ｄｒａｇ，所以有效的节约能源，可以⽴在半空中。

后来提到了蜜蜂，说蜜蜂的原理和直升飞机⽐较类似。

３、⼀个部落，⽤⽔⽜的⽪来记录⼀年的历史，举例上⾯画了⼀个流星，说明那时出现了流星。

这种⽜⽪很多，为什么呢？有３点。

我确定２点，１别⼈想收藏，所以他们ｃｏｐｙ．２是他们后来越记越多，⽜⽪太⼩，就换到⼤⽜⽪。

新托福口语机经

2010年口语机经2010四月内容：描述你给别人的一个礼物.Question 2内容： Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Dit is easier to be teacher than to be student.Question 3材料背景：校园内容：Reading part学校的一个通知，要给原来volunteer的剧院助手开始付钱。

Listening part两个学生讨论，男的赞同。

因为：这些volunteer还有自己更重要的first job；同时，付钱可以让助手得到必要的专业培训。

Question 4材料背景：儿童心理学内容：Reading part介绍了一种technical去帮助小孩overcome their fear with the new things.Listening part男教授用他儿子Tommy做例子，说自从他家搬到洛杉矶他儿子害怕跟邻居小孩打招呼，有一天他看到儿子趴在窗户上看外面邻居小孩在骑单车，他儿子也非常喜欢骑车，于是他就告诉他儿子去买ice-cream怎么样？他儿子当然答应了，在去的路上，他鼓励儿子跟邻居小孩说hi，在回来的路上，他又鼓励儿子多说一点，于是儿子就夸了邻居小朋友的单车。

回答家之后，儿子主动问能不能出去跟邻居小孩玩，几天后，教授就听儿子说交到了几个好朋友。

问题：用听力的例子来解释对阅读材料的理解Question 5材料背景：内容：Listening part学生困难：女孩上一个Potter课，自己做了一个，但是不小心摔成3块了。

解决方案：（1）glue them together, 但是担心教授看出来，她想在这门课好好表现，不想给教授留下不好的印象；（2）重做一个，但是只有两天时间了，她还要准备一个考试Question 6材料背景：生物内容：Listening part主要讲栖息对蝙蝠的重要性的两个方面：（1）find food好像说蝙蝠不能从地上起飞，所以它们悬挂在树上，一旦找到目标，比如flies，它们就能快速的抓住。

托福阅读经典加试题机经汇总

托福阅读经典加试题机经汇总资料说明：托福阅读或听力部分，会在考试时要求考生多完成一篇阅读或者二篇听力，作为题目难以度的检测，一般而言加试阅读的数量为两篇文章，加试听力则是加三个听力段子。

随着热心考生的增多，这些试题，包括原文，题目和答案都被回忆整理出来了，叫做托福经典加试题机经。

本文档是托福阅读经典加试题部分。

扫描二维码加托福名师刘文勇老师微信，可参加免费空中课堂乐闻携尔官网托福培训咨询电话4000-182-178Necessary Evil开篇明义：我并不中意“机经”。

“机经”这个说法，最早可能源于机考GRE的年代——在那段时间内的多次考题是可能完全重复的（一般以“自然月”为周期）。

常出现的情形是：月末参加考试的同学遇到的试题，居然与月初的试题完全一致。

所以，尽管我们在参加这些标准化考试之前都需先“签字画押”（签订保密协议，同意绝不将试题内容透露给任何第三方），但仍有“热心”的同学愿意在网络上回顾、分享自己考过的试题，这也就给后来参加考试的同学们创造了提前熟悉某些将要考到的真实考题的机会。

与之类似，机经在新托福（iBT）考试出现后，也逐步流行了起来，因为自从托福将纸笔考试（PBT）改革成计算机考试之后，也出现了重复出题的现象（尽管它并不是以自然月为周期的，但总归是重复了很多次，还是有规律可寻的）。

按照陈睿老师的说法，科班出身的理工科专业人才使用STATA或SPSS等统计软件来“处理数据、总结规律”的能力还是不可小觑的。

于是同学们总能看到诸多预测机经，也总能够听到我们的机经预测命中的消息。

这看上去貌似是一件皆大欢喜的事情。

但事实上，若同学们有缘读到这篇小短文，我最想对大家说的一句话却是“机经可能并不如你想象中的那么有用”。

尽管我们制作的“机经材料”经常命中考题，但我却时常在各类讲座中宣传“机经无用论”。

因为在一个真正经过了精心设计、目的是考查学生语言能力的测试中，出题者并不是那么在意学生是否已经提前了解了部分试题。

2010年北美托福口语精准版机经B版

2010年北美托福口语精准版机经B版毛亮B版收录2010年32套北美机经中的14套更新时间2011-09-08①.2010.10.9NA=2009.6.27 NA =2009.6.27CN②.2010.2.13NA③.2010.10.22NA④.2010.9.24NA⑤.2010.6.19NA⑥.2010.8.21NA⑦.2010.9.25NA⑧.2010.8.13NA⑨.2010.1.30NA⑩.2010.1.16NA⑪.2010.3.12NA⑫.2010.3.6NA⑬.2010.3.20NA⑭.2010.5.8NA=2010.5.8CN2010.10.9NA=2009.6.27 NA =2009.6.27CN1. Describe a big change that happened in your country recently. It might be social economical or political changes. Explain how this change has influenced the way people live in your country. Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.2. Some students would like to live with local families in home stay when they are studying abroad. Others prefer to stay alone or stay with their friends. Which do you prefer and why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your response.3. 【学校通知】学校决定下学期把自动售货机vending machine从corridor搬走。

托福机经2010年11-12月机经汇总(钟会之和王京竹)

08.1.27北美08.9.5北美09.11.17北美08.2.2大陆08.3.15大陆08.4.27大陆08.5.17大陆09.5.31大陆大陆08.3.3008.9.6大陆08.9.28大陆08.12.13大陆09.2，22大陆2008 年4 月27 日第一篇生命起源也是生物学的文章。

关于巴斯德（曲颈瓶的发明者，反对生命自然发生说）以及米勒的实验（将碳氢化合物分子，如甲烷、氨和氢等与水混合，一起灌入到一个特殊的玻璃装置中，给瓶内混合物加热，使之不断沸腾，产生气体。

气体经过一个装有两个电极的小室，室内连续产生火花，犹如大自然的闪电和火山爆发，然后经过冷却又变成液体回到原处。

最后产生了组成现代生命的蛋白质结构中的几种氨基酸成分）。

文章首先说人们认为微生物是自然发生的，巴斯德却认为微生物本来就存在于空气中，像尘埃一样到处飘。

为了验证他的观点，就做了一个实验：把一锅汤煮沸然后密封，多天之后汤没有变质，说明没有产生微生物。

反对者又说必须要与大气接触才会有化学反应从而出现微生物，于是巴斯德设计了一种曲颈瓶，(这里有提到这个人的前老板，说给了一个crucial idea，问指什么，我选的是这个曲颈瓶，但是不确定是不是正确)瓶内的液体可以接触外界空气，但是空气中微生物无法进入瓶中。

巴斯特将汤盛入这种曲颈瓶中，多天以后，也没有变质，从而证明了他自己的观点。

（这里也有题，说第二次试验巴斯德用的是什么，我选择untreated air，仅供参考）尔后，文章又说，虽然巴斯德是正确的，但是地球起初并没有任何生命，所以肯定至少有一次，(这里也有题目，问什么忘记了，我选的是他的理论在逻辑上有问题，因为没有第一次产生空气中哪里漂浮微生物嘛)生命是自然发生的。

后面还有一题问地球初期与我们现在的有什么区别（我选的是好像是没那么多氧气，但此题毫无把握，完全靠猜）于是就说了米勒的那个实验。

证明了生命始有可能自然发生的。

最后一段讲米勒的这个实验要是没有发现xxx （具体不记得了），也就不会那么著名了，后面有题目考的1. 问问什么第一个科学家要进行那个初次试验。

10月10日新托福阅读考题回顾

10月10日新托福阅读考题回顾新托福阅读考题回顾考试日期2009.10.10Passage 1Title:Plant Species大致内容将动植物分类是很难的，以前很简单，就是按照外表和生理上不同来分类。

但是后来这种办法就落后，不管用。

以后就有了更科学的分类方法。

从四个方面来分类。

有一部分讲到species breed，然后是一些理论，倒数第二段提到Darwin的进化论对这个问题的解释，但是作者的态度是质疑Darwin的解释的，同时提了一个问题反驳他的理论（有考点），最后作者提到应该是物种在同类内Breed比较有利，在同属内就有缺陷。

Passage 2Title:Continental Plate Movement大致内容nonscientist注意到Africa和Australia大陆的相似，但是一直是个疑问。

德国科学家Wegener 提出了大陆漂移的理论。

当时大家一致认为大陆的运动都是垂直运动，up and down的，但是W认为大陆运动是水平的。

他还用了化石的理论来解释。

W发现两个大陆在X世纪以前的动物化石非常相似，而且越古老的越相似（推论：X世纪以后两个大陆的动物怎么样了，我选相似越来越小）他指出这两块大陆原来是连一块的，后来才分开。

除了化石，W还用了别的方法来证明。

当时提出这个理论在德国是很震撼的，但是很快就set aside了。

这个理论在AFRICA和AUSTRALIA 是很受支持的，然后当时的主流学术期刊是欧洲发行的，欧洲科学家并不受支持（有考题），最后这个理论还是不被大众所接受。

一些科学家认为化石的相似性是由于以前两块大陆连着，后来板块沉没导致的，当时更有一个权威数学家极力反对。

因此大家都不趁人W的理论，尽管W自己极力的证明。

还有一些科学家反驳W，认为他仅仅注意到了化石，反而没有关注化石的年份是不相近的。

（有考题）还有一些科学家认为化石的相似是由于一些动物由一些偶然的时候经海洋漂流到另外一个大陆。

新托福阅读2010年10月9日考题回顾

新托福阅读2010年10月9日考题回顾考试日期2010.10.09Passage 1Title:工业革命时期科学家的理论与发明家发明创造间的关系大致内容讲工业革命时期science theory和practical innovation的关系。

是四段式。

大意是说很多发明家都是没受过什么高等教育的人，有一个长期的误解是说这些人的发明得益于科学家theory的指导。

后来发现并不是这样，比如Watt的发明在广泛普及了很久以后，对于其原理的研究才有人写出来。

而且很多证据表明，一般都是发明出现后，才有systematical method to analyze them。

又说当然科学也不是完全没有作用，在那个时代也起到一定的积极作用(有题)。

最后说一些发明家，比如Watt及其他几个发明家，虽然也进了皇家学会，但是都是在发明之后的事了。

Passage 2Title:美国电影发展大致内容在美国，1950之前电影是给全家观赏的，1950之后开始给特定的观众群制作电影(有题)。

Disney针对儿童制作动画片，成本低，利润高，很profitable。

后来发现了teenager市场，于是讲怎么开拓这个市场，针对年轻人制作科幻片science fiction等。

然后讲从一些欧洲国家进口电影增多，以在art house播放的形式吸引了受过高等教育的人educated people。

最后说英国电影在美国很受欢迎，法国电影也不错。

Passage 3Title:海洋动物进化大致内容开头讲因为地球生命起源于海洋，所以现在很多marine animal基本还是保持了一些适应海洋的特征，比如说血液里的盐度和海水盐度基本一致，所以就不需要water move inside body，也不会脱水dehydrate。

然后讲动物的进化evolution：1. 海洋动物要去淡水fresh water环境生活需要的进化：皮下长一层XX组织，这个组织可以克服“吸水过程”;淡水鱼由于是从海洋迁徙过来，其血液中盐分浓度虽然经过很长时间进化有所下降，但还是比淡水盐分浓度高些。

2010年10月9日雅思考试笔试回忆

2010年10月9日雅思考试笔试回忆今天考完很失落！小作文两个ine chart show the percentage of females and males in Norway，UK，Italy and Spain continuing in secondary educations between 1996-2003.大作文：有些国家立法限制雇员上班时间？我是这样理解的。

怎样实施这部法，你觉得有什么好的或者坏的影响？同失落悲催的考试太郁闷了jacket desert，golf，女生父母家地址，电话，1901，fireworks，helicopter（写错了0；sun cream 还有一个空忘了1 是讲一男一女旅游，第一个是要带Jacket，之后的记不清了....听力有点难度，2，3 是雅思几经上的，其中一个是讲主题公园的，父亲做什么，女儿做什么，配对的G类阅读还行，最后一篇是讲海龟产卵的作文是写信给学校宿舍，说要住过去，因为现在宿舍不好大作是，今后的购物的时候也是一种娱乐，还不好（好处坏处）A类小作文两个线图说的是1996至2003四个国家教育的变化什么的~~大作文是很多国家都有法律规定员工的上班时间，你认为为什么要规定，是好的还是坏的发展。

新题，全拼功底。

大家来攒攒观点吧。

正面：保护劳动者利益 protect the rights and benefits of labourers许多劳动者加班得不到应有的报酬，利益受到严重损害。

减小工作强度 to reduce working strength胡编个数字：据北京XX机构2009年的调查显示：74%的中国城市劳动者处于亚健康状态，超过半数的人经常被迫加班。

这对于劳动者的身心均有损害。

给人们更多的自由时间 free/entertainment/rest减少疲劳作业，提高工作效率 improve working efficency改善雇主与雇员关系 smooth the relationship between employer and employee反面：想不出太多，本来就应该限制。

2010年新托福写作北美机经

2010年新托福写作北美机经2010.1.15Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: In order to become financially responsible adults, children should manage their own money at the young age.(Money)2010.1.22Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:People who go outside are more successful and happier than people who stay in villages.(Success)2010．1.30Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:The government should support scientific research that does not have any practical use.(Government)2010.2.13Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:People holding different views cannot achieve success as a team.(Success)2010.2.27Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:All high-school students should take basic economic courses.(Education)2010.3.6Which is better, challenging plans about one’s future or practical plans about one’s future?(Success)2010.3.12Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: If parents want their children to do well at school, they should limit the time their children spend on watching TV.(Education & Media)2010.3.20Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People can solve important problems by thems elves or with the help from their family members so there’s no need for the government to help them.(Government)2010.3.27Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:In order to make ourselves happy, we should learn how to make others happy first.(与3月27日大陆重题，这是2008年1月以来的第7次同周末重题）2010.1.15Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: In order to become financially responsible adults, children should manage their own money at the young age.2010.1.22Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:People who go outside are more successful and happier than people who stay in villages.(Success)2010.1.30Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:The government should support scientific research that does not have any practicaluse.(Government)2010.2.13Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:People holding different views cannot achieve success as a team.(Success)2010.2.27Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:All high-school students should take basic economic courses.(Education)2010.3.6Which is better, challenging plans about one's future or practical plans about one'sfuture?(Success)2010.3.12Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: If parents want their children to do well at school, they should limit the time their children spend on watchingTV.(Education & Media)2010.3.20Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People can solve important problems by themselves or with the help from their family members so there's no needfor the government to help them.(Government)2010.3.27Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:In order to make ourselves happy, we should learn how to make others happy first.(与3月27日大陆重题，这是2008年1月以来的第7次同周末重题）2010.4.10Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:People should have hobbies and do physical activities that are very different fromtheir own work.(Leisure)2010.4.24Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:The way a person is dressed in is a good indication (体现）of his/her character orpersonality.(Work, Education & Leisure)2010.5.8Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:The best way for parents to teach their children about responsibility is to have them care for animals.(Education & Animals)(与5月8日大陆重题，这是2008年1月以来的第8次同周末重题）2010.5.14Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:We need to have different sources of news and information to know which one is the real one or who is telling the truth.(Media）2010.5.22Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:Woring at home using computers or telephones is better than working in the office.（Work)2010.6.12Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People should take a secure job immediately when finding one instead of waiting for the job that they find moresatisfying.(Work)2010.6.19If you need to discuss upsetting or controversial problems with others, will you use e-mail/text messaging OR use telephone/voice-messaging. (本题看起来很神，其实这是标准的美式故弄玄虚，说白了就是在跟别人讨论容易招人烦或者惹争议的事情时你是愿意用文字还是用语音)(Media)Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:It is more likely for people with more skills to succeed.（Success)2010.7.10Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:Many countries are paying attention to environmental problems. But the attention is not ** the environmental situations better.(Environment)2010.7.24The personal and work-related challenges that young people face today are not any different from the challenges their parents and grandparents faced when they wereyoung. （Young VS. Old)2010.8.13Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? More and more people are spending money on their pets, even though there can be other good ways to spend money.(Animals)2010.8.28Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People care more about public recognition than about money. Even if no more money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder.(Money & Success)2010年9月11日Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：Parents today are more involved in their children's education than parents were in the past.(Education)（2008年以来两大考区同周末第9次重题）2010年10月9日Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：Compared with people who live in urban areas, the people who live in rural areas can take better care of their families.(Family)2010年10月22日Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：The advice from the grandparents is of no use to their grandchildren because the world has changed a lot over the past 50 years.(Family)2010年11月6日Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：It is easier for parents to raise their children than 50 years ago. (Family)2010年11月13日Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：To improve the quality of education，universities should spend more money on professors' salaries.(Education)（2008年以来两大考区同周末第10次重题）。

2010年10月9日SAT真题回忆及分析

2010年10月9日SAT真题回忆及分析（作文、阅读及语法）来源：猴哥的日志作文：人是不是要适应环境改变自己，还是拒绝改变自己；题目比较好写。

以前的例子比较好用。

语法：大家也觉得难度适中，但是有个别题大家觉得CB出的有点问题.数学：数学没有难题和偏题，主要是细心阅读：以下是一个牛人的记录：、考完了之后自己及其不淡定，大概感觉太好，一对答案发现实在惭愧的原应把，sc 还有2道，已经错了3个了， PBR 也至少2个和下面答案不一样，还有很多没对的 - - - - 翻译软件的小双不提供了，比较简单，大家还有就继续补充：谢谢6讨厌对答案的同学别pia 我，今天有人笑我比女生还纠结（哭笑sc 一般没问题，都已经错3隔了，我也不太count on 这次了，准备standby 和essay吧大家参考下， cc 也不全对，还有少量的大家来补充SC:1. pristine….. quixotic2. complex..involved3.inspirational4.virtuperation5.slighting.. delete6.diffident7. Flourish…cen tral 8.indegeious.. encountered9. …ineffective(megadose那题) 10. Resistant to change11.inquisition 12.unaffected 13. Inquisition14. Internalize.. immaculate 15. Admirer decline16.model (钟表那个) 17 . conundrum拿盒子那篇文章：1. are 的现在时：mama 认为那个小盒子还是她的2. ...mouth 这句话---后悔说了这句话(recognize errors in way貌似3.westle ：强调父母手拉手的intensity4.父亲不愿意，还是sympathy 母亲5. 第一人称：貌似提供主角内心6. 父亲：not 。

0下半托福阅读预测机经及答案

2010年下半年托福阅读预测机经及答案Hormones in the BodyUp to the beginning of the twentieth century, the nervous system was thought to control all communication within the body and the resulting integration of behavior. Scientists had determined that nerves ran, essentially, on electrical impulses. These impulses were thought to be the engine for thought, emotion, movement, and internal processes such as digestion. However, experiments by William Bayliss and Ernest Starling on the chemical secretin, which is produced in the small intestine when food enters the stomach, eventually challenged that view. From the small intestine, secretin travels through the bloodstream to the pancreas. There, it stimulates the release of digestive chemicals. In this fashion, the intestinal cells that produce secretin ultimately regulate the production of different chemicals in a different organ, the pancreas.Such a coordination of processes had been thought to require control by the nervous system; Bayliss and Starling showed that it could occur through chemicals alone. This discovery spurred Starling to coin the term hormone to refer to secretin, taking it from the Greek word hormon, meaning “to excite” or “to set in motion.” A hormone is a chemical produced by one tissue to make things happen elsewhere.As more hormones were discovered, they were categorized, primarily according to the process by which they operated on the body. Some glands (which make up the endocrine system) secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. Such glands include the thyroid and the pituitary. The exocrine system consists of organs and glands that produce substances that are used outside the bloodstream, primarily for digestion. The pancreas is one such organ, although it secretes some chemicals into the blood and thus is also part of the endocrine system.Much has been learned about hormones since their discovery. Some play such key roles in regulating bodily processes or behavior that their absence would cause immediate death. The most abundant hormones have effects that are less obviously urgent but can be more far-reaching and difficult to track: They modify moods and affect human behavior, even some behavior we normally think of as voluntary. Hormonal systems are very intricate. Even minute amounts of the right chemicals can suppress appetite, calm aggression, and change the attitude of a parent toward a child. Certain hormones accelerate the development of the body, regulating growth and form; others may even define an individual’s personality charac teristics. The quantities and proportions of hormones produced change with age, so scientists have given a great deal of study to shifts in the endocrine system over time in the hopes of alleviating ailments associated with aging.In fact, some hormone therapies are already very common. A combination of estrogen and progesterone has been prescribed for decades to women who want to reduce mood swings, sudden changes in body temperature, and other discomforts caused by lower natural levels of those hormones as they enter middle age. Known as hormone replacement therapy (HRT), the treatment was also believed to prevent weakening of the bones. At least one study has linked HRT with a heightened risk of heart disease and certain types of cancer. HRT may also increase the likelihood thatblood clots—dangerous because they could travel through the bloodstream and block major blood vessels—will form. Some proponents of HRT have tempered their enthusiasm in the face of this new evidence, recommending it only to patients whose symptoms interfere with their abilities to live normal lives.Human growth hormone may also be given to patients who are secreting abnormally low amounts on their own. Because of the complicated effects growth hormone has on the body, such treatments are generally restricted to children who would be pathologically small in stature without it. Growth hormone affects not just physical size but also the digestion of food and the aging process. Researchers and family physicians tend to agree that it is foolhardy to dispense it in cases in which the risks are not clearly outweighed by the benefits.27. The word engine in the passage is closest in meaning to(A) desire(B) origin(C) science(D) chemical28. The word it in the passage refers to(A) secretin(B) small intestine(C) bloodstream(D) pancreas29. The word spurred in the passage is closest in meaning to(A) remembered(B) surprised(C) invented(D) motivated30. To be considered a hormone, a chemical produced in the body must(A) be part of the digestive process(B) influence the operations of the nervous system(C) affect processes in a different part of the body(D) regulate attitudes and behavior31. The glands and organs mentioned in paragraph 3 are categorized according to(A) whether scientists understand their function(B) how frequently they release hormones into the body(C) whether the hormones they secrete influence the aging process(D) whether they secrete chemicals into the bloodParagraph 3 is marked with an arrow [→]32. The word key in the passage is closest in meaning to(A) misunderstood(B) precise(C) significant(D) simple33. The word minute in the passage is closest in meaning to(A) sudden(B) small(C) changing(D) noticeable34. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.(A) Most moods and actions are not voluntary because they are actually produced by the production of hormones in the body.(B) Because the effects of hormones are difficult to measure, scientists remain unsure how far-reaching their effects on moods and actions are.(C) When the body is not producing enough hormones, urgent treatment may be necessary to avoid psychological damage.(D) The influence of many hormones is not easy to measure, but they can affect both people’s psychology and actions extensively.35. The word tempered in the passage is closest in meaning to(A) decreased(B) advertised(C) prescribed(D) researched36. Which patients are usually treated with growth hormone?(A) Adults of smaller statue than normal(B) Adults with strong digestive systems(C) Children who are not at risk from the treatment(D) Children who may remain abnormally small37.Which of the following sentences explains the primary goal of hormone replacement therapy?These sentences are highlighted in the passage.(A) The quantities and proportions of hormones produced change with age, so scientists have given a great deal of study to shifts in the endocrine system over time in the hopes of alleviating ailments associated with aging.(B) A combination of estrogen and progesterone has been prescribed for decades to women who want to reduce mood swings, sudden changes in body temperature, and other discomforts caused by lower natural levels of those hormones as they enter middle age.(C) HRT may also increase the likelihood that blood clots—dangerous because they could travel through the bloodstream and block major blood vessels—will form.(D) Because of the complicated effects growth hormone has on the body, such treatments are generally restricted to children who would be pathologically small in stature without it.38. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.The body is a complex machine, however, and recent studies have called into question the wisdom of essentially trying to fool its systems into believing they aren’t aging.Where would the sentence best fit?Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.39. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.The class of chemicals called hormones was discovered by two researchers studying a substance produced in the small intestine.Answer ChoicesThe term hormone is based on a Greek word that means "to excite" or "to set in motion."Researchers are looking for ways to decrease the dangers of treatments with growth hormone so that more patients can benefit from it.Hormones can be given artificially, but such treatments have risks and must be used carefully.Hormones can affect not only life processes such as growth but also behavior and emotion.Scientists have discovered that not only the nervous system but also certain chemicals can affect bodily processes far from their points of origin.Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may increase the risk of blood clots and heart disease in middle-age women.参考答案Reading：27. B28. A29. D30. C31. D32. C33. B34. D35. A36. D37. A38. third square39.1) Scientists have discovered that not only the nervous system….2) Hormones can affect not only life processes…..3) Researchers are looking for ways to decrease the dangersof ….。

新托福写作2010年10月9日考题回顾

新托福写作2010年10月9日考题回顾考试日期：10.10.09Task 1INTEGRAED小作文探讨建养鱼场是否污染环境。

阅读认为养鱼场破坏环境，理由如下：1.养鱼会产生大量的严重污染环境的副产品by-products，2.一些饲养的鱼会逃跑，跟野生鱼产生存活能力低的后代。

3.渔场浪费各类资源，如淡水。

听力反驳阅读内容，认为事实上这些问题都已经找到了解决方法，如下：1.科学家已经找到一种方法，某种小型海洋生物以这个产生的副产品为食，以降低污染源。

2.科学家可以通过基因修改genetic modify，让人工饲养的鱼失去生殖能力。

3.科学家已经找到方法通过recycle water使养虾时使用的被污染的清水可以使用，而且有一种生物可以在盐水中生存。

Task 2 INDEPENDENT话题类别社会类考题文字：Do you agree or disagree with thefollowing statement?Success is not the most importantthing in life, and remaining happyand optimistic when confronted withfailure is more important in life.本次写作考试点评：10.10.09新托福完全重复09.03.21北美小作文条理较清晰话题也有些词汇比较难懂，还是需加强听力、阅读的练习和改写概括，还有词汇记忆的能力。

大作文考察对成功和心态的理解，较抽象，建议用具体的例子等进程论据扩展，老师在平时课堂上需带领学生多做brainstorming 的工作，并督促考生要关注当下发生的大事。