SWAN在线水质分析-氧表

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SWAN电导率表

SWAN电导率表瑞士SWAN水质分析仪表公司致力于研究、开发和生产各类水质分析仪表及远程分析系统。

其产品涉及高纯水、超纯水、工业净水、饮用水及污水处理系统，应用于世界各地的半导体、电力、石化、制药、自来水、环保等工业领域。

SWAN产品技术领先、测量精度高、可靠性好、操作简便、维护量少、使用寿命长，在国际同类产品中处于领导地位，是高品质的象征，国际知名品牌。

瑞士SWAN公司建立了全球性的销售及技术服务网络，以其优质的产品和最优化的服务赢得了极高声誉。

（询&价&1377 4816 120—吴=工）N300钠测量电极CNA-87.720.010适用于所有型号的钠表支N301钠参比电极CNA-87.840.100适用于所有型号的钠表支N303钠pH电极CNA-87.150.100仅适用于AMI Sodium P/A型钠表支N400钠活化液包CNA-87.729.010含1瓶100ml液体和1瓶少量固体套N401钠电解液CNA-87.892.400用于钠参比电极；100ml瓶N402钠标准液CNA-85.141.400100ml瓶N302钠温度电极CNA-87.027.020适用于所有型号的钠表；FAM/AMI Hydrazine型联氨;FAM/AMI Trides型余氯；带0.8米固定电缆支N410钠空气过滤器CNC-82.880.0102个/套套N419钠气泡探测器CNA-87.932.020仅适用于AMI Sodium P钠表个备品备件 [Monitor AMI Phosphate-II B]S400泵管CNA-86.190.010适用于硅表和磷表；1粗，4细套S408试剂管过滤芯CNA-82.811.021适用于硅表和磷表；12个套S413磷试剂CNA-85.420.200仅适用于磷表；1套/月套S404零点校准阀CNA-82.511.010适用于硅表和磷表个S405电磁阀备件CNA-82.519.020适用于硅表和磷表；包含：垫片、弹簧及玻璃棒套S406通道切换阀CNA-82.541.010适用于硅表和磷表个S411磷标准液CNA-85.143.400仅适用于磷表；1000ppm，100ml瓶S416试剂管CNA-86.190.011适用于硅表和磷表；4根，含试剂管过滤头套S417虹吸管、排气管CNA-86.190.012适用于硅表和磷表；5根套S419通道切换阀管路CNA-86.190.014适用于硅表和磷表；6根套。

《swan钠表说明书》课件

常见问题与解决方案
我们为您准备了一份常见问题和解决方案清单，帮助您快速解决使用中的问题。
保修服务说明
我们提供一年的免费保修服务，为您的使用提供保障。
注意事项
1 如何正确清洁和维护Swan钠表？
定期用湿布擦拭Swan钠表表面，避免使用腐蚀性化学品。
2 Swan钠表的使用限制
请勿将Swan钠表置于高温、潮湿或阳光直射的环境中，以避免影响测动Swan钠表？
打开Swan钠表盖板并按下电源按钮，进入菜单界面，选择相应操作。
2
Swan钠表如何进行采样？
用试管采集水样后加入试剂，插入Swan钠表进行测量，可得到精准的含钠量值。
3
数据如何分析？
Swan钠表自带数据分析软件，可直接连接电脑进行数据处理和分析。
功能介绍
温度校准
Swan钠表可自动进行温度补偿，并提供手动温度校准功能。
时间校准
Swan钠表自带时钟模块，提供手动时间校准方法，确保时间的准确性。
数据存储
Swan钠表内置大量存储空间，可存储数百组样品数据，并支持SD卡扩展存储。
数据下载
Swan钠表可以通过USB或Wifi接口将数据上传到计算机或移动设备进行存储和处理。
技术支持
客服热线
无论何时，您都可以拨打我们的客服热线获得支持和帮助。
3 安全警告与禁止事项
请勿将Swan钠表用于非法或违法用途，以及接入电网等高危环境中。
Swan钠表说明书PPT课件
详细介绍Swan钠表的功能、使用方法和技术支持，帮助您更好地了解这款仪器在工作中的应用。
简介
1 Swan钠表是什么？
Swan钠表是一款用来检测水中钠离子含量的检测仪器，广泛应用于水处理、制药、食品等行业中。

SWAN仪表-计算型PH表(1)

大面积树脂瓶——最大接触面，保证交换充分；
流速：6-8L/时——流速稳定、交换充分、运行经济；容积：1L——体积小，便于操作；树脂柱和电导率电极紧密连接——无漏气；预冲洗树脂——备用树脂可随时投入正常测量；更换便捷——节省人力。
SWAN树脂柱
Response Time Lag, SWAN Catcon bottle, Flowrate approx. 100 ml/min
0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 Time, seconds
SWAN树脂预冲洗
预冲洗
常压排放
SWAN树脂预冲洗
SWAN设计：
经过离子交换和电导测定的出水用于第二瓶树脂的预冲洗，随时准备使用。
Rinse Down Times of Three Different Samples of Strongly Acidic Cation Exchange Resins
该仪表可以同时测量比导、阳导、计算pH值、计
算氨溶度、样水流量和温度，并具有流量报警、温度超标报警、树脂失效报警等功能。
计算型pH表适用于热力发电厂的蒸汽、给水和凝
结水
பைடு நூலகம்WAN计算型pH表的结构
型号：Monitor AMI Deltacon Power 构成：
两个电导率电极
一个流通池
250
150 sec Response time lag
200
Conductivity, Microsiemens/cm
150 Specific conductivity Cation conductivity 100 SWAN Analytical Instruments 15.08.06H. Maurer 50 Injection of 4 ml 0.01 M KCl

SWAN仪表计算型PH表1

250
150 sec Response time lag
200
Conductivity, Microsiemens/cm
150
100
50
0 0
Specific conductivity Cation conductivity
SWAN Analytical Instruments 15.08.06H. Maurer
关于阳离子交换树脂柱
SWAN 理念：
➢ 阳离子交换树脂影响阳导测量的准确性和可靠
性，因此它是阳导仪的重要组成部分。
树脂柱的设计——树脂自动除气
➢ 树脂自动除气功能
刚启机或是刚换过离子交换柱后，在树脂粒间会夹杂很多空气。要使仪表测值准确可靠，这些空气必须排除掉，基于这个原因，SWAN研发出了阳电导率表的自动除气功能。
SWAN计算型pH表的特点
✓ 同时测量比导、阳导、计算pH值和氨NH3浓度。 ✓ 长寿命钛电极，电池常数精确到小数点后5位数。 ✓ 电极一体化温度测量，响应快速，测量准确，超温报警。 ✓ 温度补偿精确。 ✓ 仪表一体化样水流量监测，流量超限报警。 ✓ 带有离子交换树脂柱，更换快捷简便并可给出树脂失效报警。 ✓ 自动树脂除气功能。 ✓ 备用树脂预冲洗，以便快速投入运行。 ✓ 无pH玻璃电极、无需pH测量校准，仪表免维护。
➢ 大面积树脂瓶——最大接触面，保证交换充分； ➢ 流速：6-8L/时——流速稳定、交换充分、运行经济； ➢ 容积：1L——体积小，便于操作； ➢ 树脂柱和电导率电极紧密连接——无漏气； ➢ 预冲洗树脂——备用树脂可随时投入正常测量； ➢ 更换便捷——节省人力。
SWAN树脂柱
Response Time Lag, SWAN Catcon bottle, Flowrate approx. 100 ml/min

swan在线化学仪表的故障分析和维护

防范措施：加强被测水样管道清理工作，并及时定期校验表计，及时添加碱化剂二异丙胺，做好校验记录，若长期不用或者停机后，应对电极做好保护工作，加强电极的日常管理，维护工作。
二SWAN溶解氧表
故障现象：测量数据偏大。
原因分析：
1，测量管路不严密：管路不严密会导致空气漏入，尤其常见的是传感器和电极流通池未接好，空气漏入。
4，（1）测量电极（钠玻璃电极）老化，应用蘸有四氯化碳或洒精的棉球擦净后，用清水冲洗干净，或者用纸巾擦去电极上的沉积物，然后把电极插入SWAN钠表专用活化液中活化2分钟，最后用无硅水彻底冲洗电极，一定要冲洗干净，注意不能让钠玻璃电极玻璃球干燥。（2）参比电极（甘汞、KCL电极）应充满饱和KCL填充液，并注意经常检查、及时添加，及时清理掉结晶的氯化钾。（3）校准时，应先用100ppb的钠校准液，然后再用10000ppb的钠校准液，避免污染，校准斜率在50－64之间，则表明校准成功，仪表自动储存数据，若校准不成功可以反复校准几次，如果还是不行，则可以认为是电极失效，更换电极。处理后的效果：表计测量准确稳定，反应灵敏。
4，校准问题：（1）测量电极是否到了使用年限，有可能老化。（2）参比电极是否老化。
（3）所需标准溶液的污染，存放标准溶液的塑料容器是否清洁、是否密封，或者在使用过程中标准液瓶是否发生了交叉污染等等。
故障可能产生的后果：会使测量数据不准，导致运行人员误判断，使水质化学监督失去作用，有可能导致水质进一步恶化。
2，流速问题：水样的流速不均匀也会导致数据偏大。
3，氧表电极电说明金电极受到污染，有可能失效，需要重新处理或者更换。
3，（1）一般采用提高被测溶液ｐＨ值的方法来屏蔽氢离子对钠电极的影响，即将被测溶液进行碱化，具体方法是加入二异丙胺，使被测水样的ｐＨ值≥10，即认为基本可以消除氢离子对钠电极的影响。（2）在被测量水样前加装小型混合离子过滤器，同时定期对电极进行活化处理，并对电极杯经常用中性洗涤剂进行清洗，若沉积物较多，更换反应管。

在线水质检测数据一览表

检测下线：0.002 mg/l；分辨率：<0.002mg/l；准确度：标准溶液<5%；水样<10%
重现度：< 5%；量程漂移：±5%F.S.；无故障运行时间：≧720h/次
总铁测量方法：邻菲啰啉分光光度法
测试量程：（0 -2）mg/l,（0 -10）mg/l,（0-50）mg/l三档量程可选
最大测试量程：0-100mg/l（自动稀释后）；消解温度：120℃；消解时间：5min，可设定
重现度：< 5%；量程漂移：±5%F.S.；无故障运行时间：≧720h/次
总钴测量方法：亚硝基红盐分光光度法测定
测试量程：（0 -2）mg/l,（0-5）mg/l,（0-15）mg/l,（0-50）mg/l四档量程自动切换
最大测试量程：0-100mg/l（自动稀释后）；消解温度：120℃；消解时间：10min，可设定
测试量程：（0 -0.5）mg/l,（0-2）mg/l,（0-5）mg/l,（0-20）mg/l四档量程自动切换
最大测试量程：0-100mg/l（自动稀释后）；消解温度：120℃；反应时间：10min，可设定
检测下线：0.005 mg/l；分辨率：<0.005mg/l；准确度：标准溶液<5%；水样<10%
检测下线：0.001 mg/l；分辨率：<0.0005mg/l；准确度：标准溶液<5%；水样<10%
重现度：< 5%；量程漂移：±5%F.S.；无故障运行时间：≧720h/次
总镉测量方法：二硫腙分光光度法测定
测试量程：（0 -0.2）mg/l,（0-1）mg/l量程自动切换
最大测试量程：0-20mg/l（自动稀释后）；消解温度：120℃；消解时间：10min，可设定

SWAN-便携式仪表

SWAN仪表
Swiss Water Analyzer ----- SWAN
SWAN仪表
便携式在线分析仪
SWAN 便携式在线分析仪
SWAN 便携式在线分析仪 AMI Inspector 类型
AMI Inspector Resistivity 电阻率 AMI Inspector Conductivity 电导率 AMI Inspector Oxygen 溶解氧 AMI Inspector pH / redox pH / 氧化还原电位
2、质检评估：
在对在线仪表进行验证时，根据每个测点的重要程度进行验证和估测。根据被测参数的重要程度，设置在线表和便携表之间的允许误差级别。允许误差级别分为三个等级：趋势级别、标准级别、重要级别。每一个等级都有相应的校准频率和最大允许误差。
SWAN便携式在线仪表特点
质检等级：ຫໍສະໝຸດ 趋势级别被测参数只是作为附加信息,用以跟踪过程趋势
标准级别
监测某一样水的多个参数,在出现问题时综合考虑这些参数
重要级别被测过程值为重要参数,且该参数还会用于控制其他设备如阀,加药设备等
SWAN便携式在线仪表特点
3、每台仪表都有标准操作程序（SOP）用于质保验证。
定义等级Level definition 1-3 准备过程Preparation section QA过程 Procedure 历史History
便携式在线仪表的意义
实验室仪器不能用于检验在线仪表！
在线仪表和实验室仪器测量样水存在不同情况：样水温度、样水的流动性、样水被污染、取样时间间隔、样水稳定性等。在线仪表是在密闭、流动的环境中测量，而实验室表计则是在敞开、静止的条件下测量。在对纯水进行测量时，空气中的CO2甚至灰尘都会对水样产生影响，尤其是在测量电导率和pH值时。

SWAN PAM氧表培训教材

ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTSSWAN公司在线PAM型氧表培训文件瑞士SWAN公司中国代表处北京欧林特技术咨询有限公司（一）氧表维护规程（二）在线氧表的测量原理在分析化学中，定量分析是测定待分析试样中有关组成的含量的分析方法。

测定试样组成成分的含量可用化学分析法或仪器分析法两种方法。

我们将要讨论的在线氧表就是用于循环水中溶解氧含量的测量仪器，它的测量方法属于仪器分析法，仪器分析法包括比色法，电位法，电流式分析法等。

SWAN公司的在线溶氧表即属于电流式分析仪表，它的测量是基于金阴极和银阳极的极谱Clark传感器，它的电化学反应式如下：O2 +2H2O+4e→4OH-（还原反应）金阴极4Ag→ 4Ag++4e- (氧化反应) 银阳极其中金阴极银阳极置于缓冲液（电解液）中，PTFE（聚四氟乙烯）渗氧膜覆盖在金电极上，直接与样水接触。

当氧分子通过渗氧膜进入电解液中，在金阴极上氧分子被还原生成氢氧根离子，在银阳极产生银离子。

电极反应的能量来自信号放大器输出的750mV极谱电压。

电池内的电流由阴极处消耗的氧量决定，并与氧量成正比。

由此，氧表根据电池扩散电流的数值来正确判断出溶氧值的大小。

温度会影响氧膜的渗透率，温度越高，膜的渗透率就越高。

SWAN 公司氧表金电极里的热敏电阻对样水温度连续测量，通过微处理器可以对温度进行自动补偿，这样就避免了温度对测量的影响。

（三）仪表结构PAM Oxtrace B-Flow Oxtrace 变送器流通池Oxtrace sensor sc Maintenance Kit 电极sensor sc备件包（四）操作设置仪表：PGR PAR同时按下PAR和PGR键，进入编程状态，第一个编程序号P0.0在屏幕上出现。

PGR按PGR键，屏幕上编程序号以十倍数量级变化(P0.0 → P1.0 → P2.0等)。

PAR按PAR键，屏幕上编程序号以一个数量级变化(P0.0 →P0.1 → P0.2等)。

SWAN 介绍(市政净水-水厂)

– 近似 EPA 180.1
SWAN China
为什么有2种不同的光源?
46
ISO 7027 红色光源对小颗粒敏感性受样水颜色干扰 + no
EPA 180.1 白色光源 ++ ++
余氯、臭氧、二氧化氯、碘、溴余氯0-5ppm、臭氧01ppm、二氧化氯，溴，碘 0-2ppm
SWAN China
SWAN电极法消毒剂
22

消毒剂测量仪（电极法）：
型号：Monitor AMI Trides 测量范围：0.0—5.0ppm 测量参数：余氯、二氧化氯、碘、溴、臭氧等消毒剂
特点：三电极系统保证稳定的零点
• US EPA Method No. 180.1
– 在悬液法测量浊度时，应使用白色光源：运行温度为 2200-3000°K时的钨发光体 – 接收器感应波长为 400 nm 至 600 nm – 光源与接收器直接的光线传播距离不得超过10 cm
• Standard Methods No. 2130B
SWAN便携式消毒剂测量仪
38

便携消毒剂测量仪
型号： CHEMATEST 测量参数：余氯、二氧化氯、碘、溴、臭氧等消毒剂
共有特点：采用光度比色法（DPD试剂）测量具有最先进的微电子技术和清晰显示技术的光度、pH联合测定可选择测量水中溶解性铁和铝
SWAN China
SWAN便携式消毒剂
SWAN China
饮用水中消毒剂常规指标及要求
17
消毒剂名称
与水接触时间
出厂水中限值
出厂水中余量
管网末梢水中余量
氯气及游离氯制剂（游离氯,mg/L）

SWAN钠表

唯一、真正痕量测量（0.001ppb, ppt级）
全自动

样水pH监控钠电极再生 3-点标准加入法校准
连续测量

试剂消耗样水流量、样水温度
应用

凝结水精处理(核电站) 高纯水系统
SWAN钠表类型
AMI Sodium P AMI Sodium A AMI Soditrace
内置电解液的测量电极 Ag/AgCl 电极
内置电解液的参比电极 Hg/HgCl2 电极
测量钠离子的指示电极是钠离子选择钠离子选择玻璃膜性电极，它是一种玻璃膜电极。它的电极电位与样水中钠离子活度（浓度）的对数成线性关系。
毛玻璃渗液套管
SWAN钠表-----测量原理
由能斯特公式 E=E’- RT/nF ln C, 温度影响电极电势，所以需同时测量样水的温度并做25°C温度补偿。
AMI Soditrace 测量原理
要达到可靠的、更高的测量精度，最低检出限为0.001ppb，ppt 级，有三个最基本条件： 1、必须严格监控样水pH 值(pH = 12) 。
Sodium-Glass (NAS 11-18) Gelled Surface
H
+
Ag
+
Na
+
K
+
NH + 4
other Cations
Selectivity
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
AMI Soditrace 钠表测量流程
ReferenceCell CalibrationCell Standard
癈
Ref
Na
Constant Head

SWAN-AMU-PH表培训教材

Signal Outputs
(信号输出)
Range Low（低限）4。2.2。102
Signal Output2
（信号输出Leabharlann ) Range High（高限)4.2。2.202
Operation
（操作）
Alarm Relay Alarm Sodium(钠报警）4。3.1。1
（报警继电器）Alarm pH（pH报警)4。3.1。2
将PH电极放到第一个标准缓冲液中（6.86）中，等待过程结束
按“Enter”保存或按“Exit"退出校准（一点校准）
取出PH电极用除盐水冲洗
将PH电极放入第二个标准缓冲液中（9。18)中，等待过程结束
按“Enter”进入第二点校准.
在校准过程中按“Exit"可随时退出校准。
（五）PH表常见问题分析
常见问题
参比电极测量电极复合电极
Filling solution
填充液
（四）操作
一、仪表按键：
所有AMU型仪表的按键均由四个按键组成.
的功能是打开一个菜单或者确认输入;
的功能是退出一个菜单或命令,或者返回到上一级菜单；
的功能是向下或向上移动菜单，或者减小或增加数字。
仪表菜单：
AMI Sodium P的菜单由Messages（信息)、Diagnostics（诊断)、Maintenance(维护）、Operation(操作）和Installation（安装)五个主菜单组成。
（1）中性水溶液，pH = - lg［H+］=—lg10—7=—7；
（2）酸性水溶液，pH = - lg[H+]＜7，pH值越小，表示酸性越强；
（3）碱性水溶液，pH =—lg[H+]＞7，pH值越大,表示碱性越强；

SWAN在线水质分析-钠表

检查加量泵检查电压
• 设置报警值
Installation(安装)→ Relay Constats(继电器参数) →Alarm Relay(报警继电器)→Alarm Sodium1(钠报警1)
钠表培训
培训结束感谢参与
H+ Ag+ Na+ K+ NH+4 其它阳离子选择性
100 10 1
0.1 0.01
如何排除氢离子的干扰——不同 pH条件下的电极信号
mV 0
-100 -200 -300
pH 7 pH 9 pH 11
-400
-2
-1
0
0.01 0.1
1
1
2
3
log Na [ppb]
10
100
1000 Na (ppb)
内置电解液的测量电极 Ag/AgCl 电极
测量钠离子的指示电极是钠离子选择性电极，它是一种玻璃膜电极。它
钠离子选择玻璃膜
的电极电位与样水中钠离子活度（浓度）的
对数成线性关系。
高阻抗放大器信号输出
内置电解液的参比电极 Hg/HgCl2 电极
毛玻璃渗液套管
阳离子及温度对钠电极的干扰
二、如何排除干扰，保证测量准确、可靠
等待过程结束按“Enter”保存，按“Exit”退出校准
AMI Sodium P/A钠表校准
注意:如果标液消耗完之前还没有达到稳定值 ●清洗并活化电极 ●清洗参比电极 ●检查水样是否连续
AMI Sodium P/A钠表维护
SWAN钠表常见问题
常见问题
原因
测量值不稳定 1.电解液没有连续充入参比电极
一、钠表测量原理：电位法
由指示电极和参比电极组成原电池。指示电极的电极电位随被测离子的浓度而变化，而参比电极的电位恒定。

SWAN在线式酸碱度计手册

AMU pH/RedoxVersion 3.50 and laterA-96.250.441 / 060923O p e r a t o r ’s M a n u a lSWAN sets the StandardCustomer SupportSWAN and its representatives maintain a fully trained staff of technical specialists around the world. For any technical question, contact your nearestSWAN representative, or the manufacturer:SWAN ANALYTISCHE INSTRUMENTE AGTuricaphonstrasse 298616 RiedikonSwitzerlandInternet: www.swan.chE-mail: support@swan.chDocument StatusTitle:AMU pH/Redox Operator’s ManualID:A-96.250.441Revision Issue00September 2006© 2006, SWAN ANALYTISCHE INSTRUMENTE AG, Switzerland, all rights reserved Information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.AMU pH-RedoxAMU pH-RedoxA-96.250.441 / 0609231AMU pH-RedoxTable of Contents1.Safety Instructions1.1Warning Notices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2General Safety Regulations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42.Product Description2.1Description of the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2Technical Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.3Swansensor pH and Redox. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.4Swansensor pH AY and Redox AY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.5Swansensor pH SI and Redox SI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6Swansensor pH FL and Redox FL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.7Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.7.1Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.7.2Menu Navigation Keys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.7.3Software Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113.Installation3.1Installation Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.2Mounting of the Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133.3Connection Schemes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.4Power Supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.5Relay Contacts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.5.1Alarm Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.5.2Relay Contacts 1 and 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.6Signal Outputs1 and 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.7Input. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.8Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173.9Installation of Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173.10Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193.10.1RS232 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193.10.2Profibus (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19AMU pH-RedoxAMU pH-Redox2A-96.250.441 / 0609234.Instrument Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215.Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216.Maintenance (Quality assurance)6.1Maintenance Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226.2Cleaning of Electrodes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236.3Longer stop of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246.4Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .258.Trouble Shooting8.1Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278.2Error List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28A.AppendixA.1Program Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30A.2Program List and Explanations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Default Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50B.Material Safety Data SheetsB.1Buffer pH 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53B.2Buffer pH 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56B.3Buffer pH 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59B.4Buffer ORP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62C.RS232 InterfaceC.1Connection of the Communication Cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . 66C.2Configuration of the AMU Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67C.3HyperTerminal Configuration on the PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68C.4Functions of the AMU RS232 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72C.4.1Logger Download. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72C.4.2Log download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73C.4.3Clear Logger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75C.5Firmware Upload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76D.Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78AMU pH-RedoxSafety InstructionsA-96.250.441 / 06092331.Safety InstructionsGeneralThe instructions included in this section explain the potential risks associated with instrument operation and provide important safety practices designed to minimize these risks.If you carefully follow the information contained in this section, you can protect yourself from hazards and create a safer work environment.More safety instructions are given throughout this manual, at the respective locations where observation is most important.Strictly follow all safety instructions in this publication.Target audienceOperator:Qualified person who uses the equipment for its intended purpose.Instrument operation requires thorough knowledge of applications, instrument functions and software program as well as all applicable safety rules and regulations.Operator’s Manual Loca-tionThe AMU Operator’s Manual shall be kept in proximity of the instrument.1.1Warning NoticesThe symbols used for safety-related notices have the following significance:WARNING SymbolsWARNINGGenerally, the triangular warning symbol indicates the possibility of personal injury or even loss of life if instructions are not followed, e.g.electrical shock hazardATTENTION SymbolsATTENTIONThe attention symbol indicates the possibility of equipmentdamage, malfunctions or incorrect process results if instructions are not followed.AMU pH-RedoxSafety Instructions4A-96.250.441 / 0609231.2General Safety RegulationsLegalRequirements The user is responsible for proper system operation according to all local, state and federal laws that may apply. All precautions must be followed to ensure safe operation of the instrument.Spare PartsandDisposables Use only official SWAN spare parts and disposables. If other parts are used during the normal warranty period, the manufacturer’s warranty is voided.ModificationsModifications and instrument upgrades shall only be carried out by an authorized Service Technician. SWAN will not acceptresponsibility for any claim resulting from unauthorized modification or alteration.Electrical shock hazardWARNINGIf proper operation is no longer possible, the instrument must be disconnected from all power lines, and measures must be taken to prevent inadvertent operation. To prevent from electrical shock, always make sure thatthe ground wire is connected.Service shall be performed by authorized personnelonly.Whenever electronic service is required, disconnectinstrument power and power of devices connected to•relay 1,•relay 2,•alarm relay.AMU pH-RedoxProduct DescriptionA-96.250.441 / 06092352.Product Description2.1Description of the SystemThis instrument is applicable for the measurement of the pH respectively ORP value in water.ApplicationrangepH and redox (ORP) is measured in many different applications: swimming pools waste waterhigh purity waterpower plants (steam, condensate) industryDepending on the application, different electrode types and flow cells/fittings are needed.Measuring PrinciplepH: The electrode consists of a pH sensitive glass electrode and a reference electrode = measuring chain. Depending on the pH value in the water, the mV value of the measuring chain changes. If both electrodes are integrated into one shaft it is a combined electrode. Reference electrodes are available with gel (Swansensor pH for potable water and swimming pools, Swansensor pH AY for waste water) or with liquid electrolyte (Swansensor pH SI for power plant cycle, Swansensor pH FL for high purity water).ORP: The electrode consists of a platinum pin and a reference electrode = measuring chain. Depending on the ORP value in the water, the mV value of the measuring chain changes. If bothelectrodes are integrated into one shaft it is a combined electrode. Reference electrodes are available with gel (Swansensor pH for potable water and swimming pools, Swansensor pH AY for waste water) or with liquid electrolyte (Swansensor ORP SI for power plant cycle, Swansensor ORP FL for high purity water).Temperature compensationpH: The pH value depends on temperature. If the temperature of the sample is not stable, we recommend to install a temperature sensor. If no temperature sensor is chosen, please program the temperature of the sample in the instrument.For high purity water applications (power plant, high purity water): Additionally to the Nernst compensation a non-linear solution compensation or linear compensation with coefficient can be chosen.ORP: Temperature compensation is not necessary.AMU pH-RedoxProduct Description6A-96.250.441 / 0609232.2Technical DataThe AMU measuring and control transmitter is used for panel installation. It has connections for a pH/ORP electrode and a Pt1000 temperature probe, and for a digital sample flow meter.Electronics case: Noryl® resinProtection degree: IP54 (front)Large backlit LC-Display,75 x 45mmDimensions: 96 x 96 x 119mm (DIN 43700)Weight: 0.45kgAmbient temperature: -10 to +50°C Limit range of operation:25 to +65°C Storage and transport: -30 to +85°C Humidity: 10 to 90% relative, non-condensing Voltage: 85 - 265 VAC, 47 - 63 Hz, or 24 VDC ±15%Power consumption:max. 7 VA Measuring rangeResolution0.00 to 14.00 pH Resolution: 0.01 pH -500 to 1500 mV Resolution: 1 mV Automatic range switching.TemperatureInput for Pt1000 type sensor (DIN class A)Measuring range: -30 to +250°C Resolution: 0.1°CTemperature compensationNernstNon-linear solution compensation for high purity water Linear with coefficient for high purity waterAMU pH-RedoxProduct DescriptionA-96.250.441 / 0609237Temperature monitoringAlarm if the transmitter temperature is higher than +65°C or lower than 0°C.Safety features No data loss after power failure, all data is saved in non-volatile memory. Over voltage protection of in- and outputs.Galvanic separation of measuring inputs and signal outputs.Alarm RelayOne potential free contact for summary alarm indication for programmable alarm values and instrument faults.Maximum load: 100mA / 50 VInput One input for potential-free contact. Programmable ‘HOLD’ or ‘OFF’ function.RelaysTwo potential-free contacts programmable as • limit switches for measuring values • controllers• timer for system cleaning with automatic hold function Maximum load: 100 mA / 50 VSignal OutputsTwo programmable signal outputs for measured values(freely scaleable, linear or bilinear) or as continuous control output (control parameters programmable).Current loop: 0/4 - 20 mA Maximum burden: 510 ΩControl Function Relays or current outputs programmable for 1 or 2 pulse dosing pumps, solenoid valves or for one motor valve. Programmable P , PI, PID or PD control parameters.Communica-tion InterfaceOptional RS485 interface with Fieldbus protocol PROFIBUS DP or Modbus, galvanically separated.Serial InterfaceRS232 for data logger download to PC with Microsoft HyperTerminal and for Firmware updates.AMU pH-RedoxProduct Description8A-96.250.441 / 0609232.3Swansensor pH and RedoxApplicationsPotable waterSwimming pools Details see data sheet.Operating Conditions0 to 50 °CMax. pressure: < 2 bar2.4Swansensor pH AY and Redox AYApplicationsWaste water Details see data sheet.Operating Conditions0 to 50 °CMax. pressure: < 2 bar2.5Swansensor pH SI and Redox SIApplicationsPower plant cycle Details see data sheet.Operating Conditions0 to 50 °C Pressure-freeFlow speed: 5 to 10 l/h2.6Swansensor pH FL and Redox FLApplicationsHigh purity water Details see data sheetOperating Conditions0 to 50 °C Pressure-freeFlow speed: 5 to 10 l/hProduct Description2.7Software2.7.1DisplayMenu navigation keys°CStatusblinking: fatal errorerrorupper / lower limit reachedupper / lower limit not yet reached control upw. / dnw.: no actioncontrol upw. / dnw.: active, dark bar indicates control intensity timertimer: timing active (hand rotating)Relay Statussample temperaturesample flowmotor valve: valve closedmotor valve: open, dark bar indicates approximate position 25TimeR1R28 l /h7.43 p ΗHOLD The Input is activated. The Signal Outputs are frozen.OFFThe Input is activated; the Signal Outputs are set to 0 (0/4 mA)RUN normal operationProduct Description2.7.2Menu Navigation KeysKeysProgram NavigationFor a detailed listing of the menu see Program Overview, p. 30to exit a menu or command (without accepting)to move back to the previous menu level to move DOWN in a menu list and to decrease digitsto move UP in a menu list and to increase digitsto open a selected sub-menu to confirm an entryExitEnterEnterExit25.0°CRUN14:10:45R1x pHR21InstallationOperation Diagnostics Maintenance Main MenuProduct Description2.7.3Software Structure1Messages Operation Maintenance Diagnostics Main Menu Menu Operation 4Subset of menuInstallation 5, but process-related. User relevant parameters that might need to be modified during daily routine. Normally password protected and used by the process-operator.Menu Messages 1Reveals pending errors as well as an event history (time and state of events that have occured at an earlier point in time).Menu Diagnostics 2Provides user relevant instrument and sample data.Menu Installation 5For initial instrument set up by SWAN authorized person, to set allinstrument parameters. Normally password protected.Menu Maintenance 3For instrument calibration, relay and signal output simulation and to set the instrument time. It is used by the service personnel.Installation1.1Message ListMessages 2.1InterfaceI/O State Sample Sensors Diagnostics 3.1SimulationMaintenanceSet Time 02.04.05 16:49:304.1LoggerRelay Contacts Operation 5.1InterfaceMiscellaneous Relay Contacts Signal Outputs InstallationInstallation3.Installation3.1Installation ChecklistCheck Instrument’s specification must conform to yourpower ratings.Installation Mount the instrument in vertical position. Displayshould be at eye level.Electrical Wiring Connect all external devices like limit switches and current loops.Connect power cord; do NOT switch on power yet!Flow cell / fitting Install flow cell / fitting.Flow cell: Ensure outlet is pressure-free.Electrode Remove protective cap. Install in flow cell/fitting.Remove plug cap. Connect the sensor(s) to theAMU transmitter. Store sensor caps for interrup-tion of operation.QV-flow: Install reference in the hole near thepanel.Fitting: Ensure fitting is water-tight.Power up Flow cell: Turn on sample flow and wait until it iscompletely filled. Switch on power.Instrument setup Flow cell: Adjust sample flow.Program all parameters for sensor and external devices(interface, recorders, etc.). Program all parame-ters for instrument operation (limits, alarms).Run-in period Let the instrument run continuously for 1 h. pH electrodecalibrationCalibrate pH electrode.ORP in potable/waste waterCalibrate ORP electrode.ORP in high purity water: Process calibration Let the electrode run in for at least 24 h.Make a valid manual measurement with a suitable ORP electrode. Compare this value to the value, indicated by the AMU. If necessary, correct.Installation3.2Mounting of the InstrumentStandard housing according to DIN 43700: 96 x 96 x 119 mmInstallation3.3Connection Schemes ArrayRear viewInstallationThe type plate for theproduct identification is on the back side of the AMU transmitter.11.431.102pH / RedoxInstallation3.4Power SupplyPower Supply ConnectorNeutralPower3.5Relay Contacts3.5.1Alarm RelayNote: Max. load 100mA / 50 VTerminal 5/63.5.2Relay Contacts 1 and 2Note: Max. load 100mA / 50 VRelay 1: Terminal 1/2Relay 2: Terminal 3/43.6Signal Outputs1 and 2Note:Max. burden 510 ΩIf signals are sent to two different receivers,use signal isolator (loop isolator).Signal Output 1: Terminal 13 (+) and 12 (-)Signal Output 2: Terminal 14 (+) and 12 (-)Current loop: 0 - 20 mA resp. 4 - 20 mA3.7InputUse only potential-free (dry contacts).Terminal: 11/10Installation3.8SensorConnect the sensor as follows:pH / ORP Sensor:Terminal 21: shielded lineTerminal 22: shieldExternal reference sensor:Terminal 23: shielded lineTerminal 24: shieldTemperature sensor Pt1000:Terminal 20: shielded lineTerminal 19: shield3.9Installation of SensorsFlow cell M-Flow Cautiously pull off rubber cap from pH/ORP electrode tip. Fragile! Handle with care!Insert pH/ORP electrode into one of the PG threads and fasten hand-tight.Take off plug cap. Connect to sensor cable.Store the plug and rubber cap for interruptions of operation.The temperature sensor is already mounted and connected to the cable.Flow cell QV-Flow We recommend to mount the pH/ORP SI respectively Reference FL electrode in the insert near the panel. Flow cell, view from aboveElectrode Cautiously pull off rubber cap from pH/ORP electrode tip.Insert pH/ORP electrode into the opening (see above) and fastenhand-tight.Take off plug cap. Connect to sensor cable.Store the plug and rubber cap for interruptions of operation.InstallationTemp. sensor The sensor is already mounted and connected to the cable.Reference electrode The reference electrode (Swansensor pH SI, Swansensor ORP SI, Swansensor FL) is delivered with an electrolyte tube, which is alreadymounted and filled. The sealed electrolyte bottle is also included in delivery.- Cautiusly take of the rubber cap from electrode tip. Make sure that the black cap at the tip of the electrode is fastened hand-tight.- The reference electrode has to be free of air bubbles: Hold the electrode, tip downwards, in one hand and hold the electrolyte tube with the other hand straight above the the electrode. Shake theelectrode slightly in an angular position to release air, which might be inside. Release air bubbles in the electrolyte tube by knocking on it.- Insert the electrode into the flow cell and fasten hand-tight.- Cut off the tip of the electrolyte bottle. Take the plug out of the electrolyte tube. Put the electrolyte bottle firmly on the tube.- Mount the electrolyte bottle in the click holder (see 2.3 Instrument overview, p. 11).- Puncture the electrolyte bottle to allow pressure equilibration.- Take off plug cap. Connect to sensor cable. Store caps.UNIDIP fitting Please refer to the manual of the UNIDIP fitting how to install the pH/ORP electrode and the temperature sensor in detail. Ensure that all sur-faces and o-rings are clean. If mounted correctly, the UNIDIP fitting is tight. No water is allowed inside the UNIDIP fitting. Otherwise the cables corrode. If you use an UNIDIP Rinsematic, make sure the nozzles face the pH/ORP sensor.Temperature sensor and electrodes: Fragile! Handle with care!Installation3.10Interfaces3.10.1RS232The interface RS232 is on the backside ofthe AMU transmitter.For connecting the communication cable and the configuration(using RS232 for data logger download to PC and for firmwareupdates) see RS232 Interface, p. 663.10.2Profibus (optional)The interface RS485,galvanically separated.To connect several instruments by means of a network, use a free-cable end PROFIBUS cable. See picture below.InstallationPlease buy a free-cable end PROFIBUS cable from your local supplier.NOTE: The color of the wires might be different. Before connecting it to the transmitter, please check the corresponding data sheet.The PROFIBUS connections have to be short-circuited.The shield has the function to change or replace the transmitter without inactivating the bus connection.NOTE: Terminate bus by means of ON/OFF switch on the RS485interface only. If only one instrument is installed, or on the last instrument in a bus, the termination switch must be ON .terminationswitchInstrument Setup4.Instrument SetupSensor Check if:Power is availableSensor is installed and connected correctly.For connecting the sensor to the transmitter, see Swansensor pHand Redox, p. 8Establish Sample Flow 1Check if sample is available.2Assure pressure-free sample outflow.3Open sample flow. (Wait until flow cell is completely filled.) 4If applicable, check flow cell for leaks.5Connect the instrument to power.6Adjust sample flow.7Set all necessary parameters in Installation, Sensors 5.1.- Flow: Set if you use the Q-flow cell (with Swan flow meter)- Parameter: Set measuring parameter pH or ORPSensor check: No.- Temperature: Set if a temperature sensor has been connected.If no, program the temperature of the sample (default temp.)If yes, you can set a temp. correction, if necessary.- Temperature compensation: Only for pH, not for ORP.- Standard solution(s): Program the buffer values (pH buffer table)or the ORP calibration solution.8Program all parameters for external devices (interface,recorders, etc.). Program all parameters for instrumentoperation (limits, alarms, etc.)9Let run in for 1 h. Correct if necessary, or calibrate. SeeInstallation check list.5.OperationTo have a general survey of the menu 4: Operation, see ProgramOverview, p. 30. For explanations see Program list andexplanations.You can modify:The Filter Time Constant and the time for Hold after Calibration for the sensorThe Settings for the Relay Contacts and the Input.Maintenance (Quality assurance)6.Maintenance (Quality assurance)This section describes the activities intended to retain theinstrument in, or to restore it to a state in which it maintains the required or specified performance.6.1Maintenance TableSwansensor pH / Swansensor Redox (ORP)Swansensor pH AY / Swansensor Redox (ORP) AYSwansensor pH SI or FLSwansensor Redox (ORP) SI or FLTwice per month Calibrate electrode. Ensure buffers are not expired. If necessary, replace electrode.YearlyIf necessary, clean electrode.Twice per month Clean electrode.MonthlyCalibrate electrode. Ensure buffers are not expired. If necessary, replace electrode.Weekly Check level in electrolyte bottle. If necessary, change bot-tle.Monthly Calibrate electrode.All 3 monthsOpen cap of reference electrode slightly and let flow out 5 ml of electrolyte. Fasten cap hand-tight.Weekly Check level in electrolyte bottle. If necessary, change bot-tle.Monthly If necessary, correct electrode.All 3 monthsOpen cap of reference electrode slightly and let flow out 5 ml of electrolyte. Fasten cap hand-tight.Maintenance (Quality assurance)6.2Cleaning of ElectrodesCleaningSwansensor pH and pH AYTake the electrode out of the flow cell. If necessary wipe the electrode shaft and the green tip cautiously with a soft, clean, and damp papertissue.Remove grease with a tissue moistured with alcohol (caution! Inflammable!).If the electrode is very dirty, put it into 1% diluted hydrochloric acid for roughly 1 min. Caution! Etching!!Afterwards rinse the electrode thoroughly with clean water.Remount in the flow cell again.Let the electrode run-in for 1 h before the first calibration.Swansensor ORP and ORP AY Take the electrode out of the flow cell. If necessary, wipe off dirt cautiously with a soft, clean, and damp paper tissue.Dull platinum surfaces indicate a contamination. Clean the electrode byputting it into the calibration solution or in 1% diluted hydrochloric acid for some minutes. Caution! Both solutions are etching!Afterwards rinse the electrode thoroughly with clean water.Remount in the flow cell again.Let the electrode run-in for 1 h before the first calibration.Swansensor pH SI and pH FL If necessary, wipe the green tip of the electrode cautiously with a soft, clean, and damp paper tissue. If necessary, remove grease with atissue, moistured with alcolhol (Caution! Inflammable!). Do not insertinto acidsReference electrode: Open the cap (diaphragm) at the tip of theelectrode slightly and let flow out some ml of electrolyte. Caution! KCL is corrosive! Fasten cap hand-tight again.Afterwards rinse the electrode thoroughly with high purity water.Remount in the flow cell again.Let the electrode run-in for 1 h before the first calibration.Swansensor ORP SI and ORP FL If necessary, wipe the tip of the electrode cautiously with a soft, clean, and damp paper tissue. Do not insert into acidsReference electrode: Open the cap (diaphragm) at the tip of theelectrode slightly and let flow out some ml of electrolyte. Caution! KCL is corrosive! Fasten cap hand-tight again.Afterwards rinse the electrode thoroughly with high purtiy water.Remount in the flow cell again.Let the electrode run-in for at least 24 h before the first correction.6.3Longer stop of operationStop sample flow.Shut off power of the instrument.Take off the cable of the electrode(s) and put the plug cap on it.Take the electrode(s) out of the flow cell/fitting and rinse with cleanwater. Fill 3.5 molar KCl (if not available: water) into the rubber capand place it on the tip of the electrode. Never store combined pH/ORP electrodes, respectively reference electrode, dry!Store the electrode(s) with tip pointing downwards in a frost-protected room.Maintenance (Quality assurance)6.4CalibrationProcess pH /ORP Use a suitable, high quality electrode and instrument to determine thesample value. Ensure, the electrode is calibrated correctly! Enterthis value under Process value in menu Process pH/ORP .Possible er-ror message Offset error:Last calibration wrong.Electrode old or dirty.Cable wet.EnterProcess pH Current Value 7.78 pH Offset x mV Save<Enter>Process Value 7.70 pH 3.1.1.13.1.1.1Process pH Current Value 7.70 pH Offsety mVpressEnter3.1.1.1Process pH Current Value 7.70 pH Offset y mV Process Value 7.70 pH EnterProcess pH Offset x mV Save <Enter>3.1.1.1EnterCurrent Value 7.78 pH 3.1SimulationMaintenanceSet Time 01.01.05 16:30:003.1.1Standard pHCalibration EnterEnter correct value with arrow keys.。

SWAN AMU Oxytrace在线溶氧表说明介绍

SWAN AMU Oxytrace 在线溶氧表说明介绍一、系统介绍右图所示为SWAN AMU Oxytrace 型在线溶氧仪，适用于高纯水中低浓度氧量的测量。

氧电极为极谱式传感器，由一个贵重金属电极（阴极，如铂或金）、一个参比电极(Ag/AgCl) 和一个保护电极组成。

测量信号受温度影响，但会被自动补偿到25°C 。

氧电极内部的温度电极连续测量样水温度。

Swansensor Oxytrace 氧电极和QV-flow 流通池配套使用：样水从入口进入流通池，经过流量调节阀填满流通池，氧含量被测量。

在流通池出口，样水推动流量计转子转动，最后样水无压排放到废水池中。

二、氧电极测量范围: 0 - 15 ppm O 2 (1°C)；0 - 100% 饱和度精度: 0.3%，如果校准温度=测量温度，1.5%,；测量和校准温度偏差 +/- 10°C温度电极 : NT5k运行温度: 0 - 50 °C运行压力: 0 - 3 bar样水流量: 6 - 25 l/h电极安装: 螺纹电极杆材质:: 聚乙烯阴极/阳极/保护电极: 金/银/银膜: 氟聚合物 3-9 SW AN 溶氧表 3-10 SW AN 溶氧电极响应时间: t90 < 30 s三、流通池1.QV-Flow PMMA OTG 型流通池由丙烯酸玻璃材质制成，带有流量电极。

最大温度：45 °C进口压力QV-Flow : max. 1 bar.排水需无压排放样水流量QV-Flow:四、维护维护频率主要取决于应用水质。

每周：检查样水流量，做手工测量。

如果必要，做校准。

如需要，做一次空气校准，用纸巾清洁Oxytrace G 氧电极膜。

根据使用情况，必要时及时更换氧电极膜和电解液。

如果电极频繁暴露于空气中或长时间停运，电极和膜的寿命会相应缩短。

如果需要，清洗流通池和流量计。

建议在如下情况下更换氧电极膜和电解液：1. 电极反应慢；2. 电极无法校准或校准失败；3. 电极信号非常不稳定。

swan钠表特点

SWAN公司在线钠表技术特点+，（如1. 钠离子的测量采用的是电极法。

钠电极测量的干扰离子较多，主要干扰离子为Ag+，H+，K+，NH4果钠电极对Na+的选择性系数定为1，其他干扰离子分别为300，100，0.0001，0.0001）这些干扰离子，会直接影响钠表测量值的可靠性和准确度。

SWAN钠表的测量池采用钠电极、参比电极、温度传感器分别置于三个测量杯的结构，参比电极位于钠电极的下游，这种排布方式消除了参比电极电解液中K+对钠测量的影响。

SWAN的参比电极采用的是汞参比电极，从而消除了Ag+对钠测量的影响，同时也防止+的干扰通过用纯度为100% 的有机碱了因为Ag+产生氯化银沉淀而污染测量杯或损坏参比电极。

H+，NH4化试剂——二异丙胺调节pH值的方式而达到去除的目的。

SWAN的钠表结构设计保证了碱化试剂可以有效地调节样水pH值达到11（SOLO Sodium）或12.5 (Soditrace) 以保证最低检测限为0.01ppb( SOLO Sodium )或0.001ppb(Soditrace或2114)。

2. 优质长寿命的钠电极。

一般的电极由于受样水温度变化的影响以及活化液的侵蚀、水流的冲击，而使其前部的液接膜与电极体很容易脱离。

SWAN的钠电极在常用的电极材料中加入多种添料而制成，使其可以承受长期的水流冲击和温度的变化，电极寿命长达2-3年，是一般厂家电极寿命的2倍。

3. 长寿命的参比电极，SWAN参比电极的寿命大于10年。

一般厂家的参比电极采用的是银参比电极，这种参比电极的结构和原理有其固有的缺点。

首先，Ag+是对钠电极干扰比较大的离子（干扰系数为300），这相当于人为地引入了杂质；其次，在水中不可避免地会有氯离子，氯离子会与银离子产生氯化银沉淀，氯化银沉淀会污染测量杯，需经常清洗；再有，银参比电极的液接膜是陶瓷材料制成的，很容易被产生的氯化银沉淀堵塞，需要经常更换，这也是其寿命短的主要原因之一。

SWAN其化仪表介绍(1)后期修改资料

感应原理 (toroidal)
• 两组平行线圈 • 仪表给第一个线圈加上交流电 ,周边的样水会被感应生成电流,感应生成的电流大小取决于水中的电导率大小.生成的感应电流又会在第二个接收线圈中引入信号,此信号被测量.
一体化流量测量功能。
操作简单，维护量少。高质量的变送器。
Monitor AMI Oxytrace QED
电极自检功能
Dissolved Oxytrace [ppb]
.
40
operational sensor
35 30
25
20
15
10
defective sensor
5
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330
pH信号受温度影响
pH补偿
等势点不同温度的校准曲线有不同的斜率,但都交汇在一个活性点. 对pH电极来说理论上的等势点是0 mV. 由于制造电极的材质、做工不同以及电极本身的老化会造成等电势点的变化。等电势点的修正叫补偿，补偿可以导致校准曲线的平行移动。
pH斜率
电极斜率表现的是电极对离子浓度变化如何反应。理想的电极对在25 °C浓度每变化十位时电位变化59.16 mV. 斜率校准时必须考虑缓冲液的温度. 必须观察电极的响应时间.
Time, Minutes
0.3 ppb
38
电流法: 氧电极的响应
电流法: 氧电极的校准
没有电流代表真正的零点,要达到真正零点电极需运行一段时间以消耗系统内部的氧. 没有零点校准. 大气中氧的含量为 21%,这是斜率校准的一个理想标样. 在校准时需要考虑大气压和温度.
.
Oxygen concentration, ppb