2002年4月全国英美文学选读试题及答案
历年英美文学选读真题及答案
2004年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英美文学选读试题（课程代码0604）全部题目用英文作答，并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上，否则不计分。
PART ONE （40 POINTS）Ⅰ.Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your correct answer on the answer sheet.1.“And we will sit upon the rocks, /Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals.” The above lines are taken from ______.A. Milton’s Paradise LostB. Marlowe’s “The Passionate shepherd to His Love”C. Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 18”D. John Donne’s “The Sun Rising”2.The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .A. poetry and dramaB. drama and novelC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry3.Here are four lines taken from Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene: “But on his brest a bloudie Crosse he bore,/The deare remembrance of his dying Lord,/For whose sweete sake that glorious badge he wore,/And dead as living ever him adored.” Who is the “dying Lord” discussed in the above lines?A. BeowulfB. King ArthurC. Jesus ChristD. Jupiter4.In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shylock, because ______.A. his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industryB. his enterprise went bankruptC. Bassanio was able to pay his own debtD. his ships had all been lost5. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.6. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called ______.A. heroic coupletB. quatrainC. Spenserian stanzaD. terza rima7. “Let not Ambition mock their useful toil,/Their homely joys, and destiny obscure;/Nor Grandeur hear with a disdainful smile /The short and simple annals of the poor.”The above lines are taken from .A. Alexander Pope’s Essay on Criticism-第1 页共11 页-B. Coleridge’s “Kubla Khan”C. John Donne’s “The Sun Rising”D. Thomas Gray’s “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”8. By making the truth-seeking pilgrims suffer at the hands of the people of Vanity Fair, John Bunyan intends to show the prevalent political and religious ______of his time.A. persecutionB. improvementC. prosperityD. disillusionment9. The 18th century witnessed a new literary form－the modern English novel, which, contrary to the medieval romance, gives a ______ presentation of life of the common people.A. romanticB. realisticC. propheticD. idealistic10. As a whole, ______is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life—socially, politically, religiously, philosophically, scientifically, and morally.A. Moll FlandersB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Pilgrim’s ProgressD. The School for Scandal11. An honest, kind-hearted young man, who is full of animal spirit and lacks prudence, is expelled from the paradise and has to go through hard experience to gain knowledge of himself and finally to have been accepted both by a virtuous lady and a rich relative .The above sentence may well sum up the t heme of Fielding’s work .A. Jonathan Wild the GreatB. Tom JonesC. The Coffe-House PoliticianD. Amelia12. In Sheridan’s The School for scandal, the man who wins the hand of his beloved as well as the inheritance of his rich uncle is ______ .A. Charles SurfaceB. Joseph SurfaceC. Sir Peter TeazleD. Sir Benjamin Backbite13. Which of the following works best represents the national spirit of the 18th-century England?A. Robinson CrusoeB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Jonathan Wild the GreatD. A Sentimental Journey14. Shelley’s masterpiece, Prometheus Unbound, is a verse drama, which borrows the basic story from ______ .A. the BibleB. a German legendC. a Greek playD. One Thousand and One Nights15. In the first part of the novel Pride and prejudice, Mr. Darcy has a (n) ______ of the Bennet family .A. high opinionB. great admirationC. low opinionD. erroneous view16. In Byron’s poem “Song for the Luddites,” the word “Luddite” refers to the ______ .A. workers who destroyed the machines in their protest against unemploymentB. rising bourgeoisie who fights against the aristocratic classC. descendents of the ancient king ,LudD. poor country people who suffered under the rule of the landlord class-第2 页共11 页-17. Mr. Micawber in David Copperfield and Sam Well in Pickwick Papers are perhaps the best ______ characters created by Charles Dickens.A. comicB.tragicC. roundD.sophisticated18. A typical feature of the English Victorian literature is that writers became social and moral ______ , exposing all kinds of social evils.A. revolutionariesB. idealistsC. criticsD. defenders19. “Is it not sufficient for your infernal selfishness, that while you are at peace I shall writhe in the torments of hell?”(Heathcliff uttered the sentence in the death scene of Catherine from Chapter XV of Wuthering Heights.) The word “hell” at the end of the quoted sentence refers to ______ .A. HeavenB. HadesC. the next worldD. this world20. A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of ______ ,who never pays any attention to human feelings.A. justiceB. humorC. moralityD. property21. “He was silent with conceit of his son. Mrs. Morel sniffed, as if it were nothing.”(Sons and Lovers by wrence)From the above quotation, we can see that Mrs. Morel’s attitude to her husband is ______ .A. sincerely warmB. genuinely kindC. seemingly angryD. merely contemptuous22. A boy makes a quest of his idealized childish love through painful experience up to the point of losing his innocence and coming to see the drabness and harshness of the adult world.The above sentence may well sum up the major theme of ______.A. Eliot’s poem The love Song of J. Alfred PrufrockB. Bernard shaw’s play Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionC. Joyce’s story ArabyD. Lawrence’s story The Horse Dealer’s Daughter23. Linguistically, compared with the writings of Mark Twain, Henry James’s fiction is noted for his ______.A. frontier vernacularB. rich colloquialismC. vulgarly descriptive wordsD. refined elegant language24. Which of the following statements about Washington Irving is NOT true?A. Literary imagination should breed in a land rich in the past culture.B. He is preoccupied with the Calvinistic view of original sin and the mystery of evil.C. His stories are among the best of the American literature.D. Some of his works are based on the materials of the European legendary tales.25. Which of the following is NOT one of the main ideas advocated by Emerson, the chief spokesman of New England Transcendentalism?A. As an individual, man is divine and can develop and improve himself infinitely.B. Nature exercises a healthy and restorative influence on human beings.C. There exists an emotional communication between an individual soul and the universal-第3 页共11 页-“Oversoul.”D. Evil and sin are ever present in human heart and will pass on from one generation to another.”26. Whitman’s poems are charac terized by all the following features EXCEPT ______ .A. the strict poetic formB. the free and natural rhythmC. the easy flow of feelingsD. the simple and conversational language27. “Then all collapsed, and the great shroud of the sea rolled o n as it rolled five thousand years ago.” In the quoted sentence, the author might imply that ______.A. nothing changes in the 5000 years of human historyB. man’s desire to conquer nature can only end in his own destructionC. nature is evil as it was 5000 years agoD. nature has the ultimate creative power28. “Standing on the bare ground,—my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space ,—all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball. I am nothing. I see all. The currents o f the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.”The above passage is taken from ______.A. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s CabinB. Cooper’s “Leatherstocking Tales”C. Emerson’s “Nature”D. Dreiser’s Sister Carrie29. Which of the following works best illustrates the Calvinistic view of original sin?A. Stowe’s Uncle Ton’s CabinB. James’s The Portrait of a Lady.C. Hemingway’s A Farewell to ArmsD. Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter.30. Beside symbolism, all the following qualities EXCEPT ______are fused to make Melville’s Moby-Dick a world classic.A. narrative powerB. psychological analysisC. speculative agilityD. optimistic view of life31. In all his novels Theodore Dreiser sets himself to project the ______ American values. For example, in Sister Carrie, there is not one character whose status is not determined economically.A. PuritanB. materialisticC. psychologicalD. religious32. In Daisy Miller,Henry James reveals Daisy’s ______ by showing her r elatively unreserved manners.A. hypocrisyB. cold and indifferenceC. grace and patienceD. Americanness33. The raft with which Huck and Jim make their voyage down the Mississippi River may symbolize all the following EXCEPT ______.A. a return to natureB. an escape from evils, injustices, and corruption of the civilized societyC. the American society in the early 19th centuryD. a small world where people of different colors can live friendly and happily-第4 页共11 页-34. Emily Grierson, the protag onist in Faulkner’s story “A Rose for Emily,” can be regarded as a symbol for all the following qualities EXCEPT______.A. old valuesB. rigid ideas of social statusC. bigotry and eccentricityD. harmony and integrity35. As a Modernist poet ,Pound is noted for his active involvement in the ______ .A. cubist school of modern paintingB. Imagist MovementC. stream-of-consciousness techniqueD. German Expressionism36. The statement that a boy’s night journey to an Indian village to witness th e violence of both birth and death provides all the possibilities of a learning experience may well sum up the major theme of ______ .A. Faulkner’s story “A Rose for Emily”B. Hemingway’s story “Indian Camp”C. Irving’s story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”D. James’s story “Daisy Miller”37. Which of the following plays by O’Neill can be read autobiographically?A. The Hairy ApeB. The Emperor JonesC. The Iceman ComethD. Long Day’s Journey Into Night38. When we say that a poor young man from the West tried to make his fortune in the East but was disillusioned in the quest of an idealized dream, we are probably discussing about ______’s thematic concern in his fiction writing.A. Henry JamesB. Scott FitzgeraldC. Ernest HemingwayD. William Faulkner39.After his experiences in the forest, Young Goodman Brown returns to Salem ______.A. desperate and gloomyB. renewed in his faithC. wearing a black veilD. unaware of his own sin40. According to Mark Twain, in river town s up and down the Mississippi, it was every boy’s dream to some day grow up to be ______.A. Methodist preacherB. a justice of the peaceC. a riverboat pilotD. a pirate on the Indian oceanPART TWO (60POINTS)Ⅱ.Reading comprehension(16 points,4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41. “One short sleep past, we wake eternally,And death shall be no more; death, thou shalt die.”Questions:A. Identify the poem and the poet.-第5 页共11 页-B.What does the word “sleep” mean?C. What idea do the two lines express?42. “Never did sun more beautifully steepIn his first splendor, valley, rock, or hill;Ne’er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep!The river glideth at his own sweet will:Dear God! The very houses seem asleep;And all that mighty heart is lying still!”(William Wordsworth’s sonnet: “Composed upon Westminster Bridge” September 3, 1802) Questions:A. What does the word “glideth” in the fourth line mean?B. What kind of figure of speech is used by wordsworth to describe the “river”?C. What idea does the fourth line express?43. “With Blue—uncertain stumbling Buzz—Between the light—and me—And then the Windows failed—and thenI could not see to see—”Questions:A. Identify the poem and the poet.B. What do “Windows” symbolically stand for?C. What idea does the quoted passage express?44. “‘Is dying hard, Daddy?’‘No, I think it’s pretty easy, Nick, It all depends.”’Questions:A. Identify the work and the author.B. What was Nick preoccupied with when he asked the question?C. Why did the father add “It all depends” after he answered his son’s question?Ⅲ. Questions and Answers(24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45. It is said that B. Shaw’s play, Mrs. Warren’s Profession, has a strong realistic theme, which fully reflects the dramatist’s Fabianist idea. Try to summarize this theme briefly.46. Emily Bronte used a very complicated narrative technique in writing her novel Wuthering Heights.Try to tell Bronte’s way of narration bri efly.47. “In your rocking-chair, by your window dreaming, shall you long, alone. In your rocking-chair, by your window, shall you dream such happiness as you may never feel.” The two sentences are taken from Theodore Dreiser’s novel, Sister Carrie. What idea can you draw from the “rocking-chair”?48. The literary school of naturalism was quite popular in the late 19th century. What are the major characteristics of naturalism?-第6 页共11 页-Ⅳ. Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49. Discuss the possible theme in W.B. Yeats’s “The Lake Isle of Innisfree” and how that theme is presented in the poem.50. “My faith is gone!” cried he (Goodman Brown), after one stupefied moment. “There is no good on earth; and sin is but a name. Come, devil! For to thee is this world given.”Comment on this passage from Hawthorne’s “Young Goodman Brown”.-第7 页共11 页--第8 页共11 页--第9 页共11 页--第10 页共11 页- -第11 页共11 页-。
2002年4月全国英语阅读(一)试题及答案
全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题课程代码：00595PART ONEⅠ.TEXT COMPREHENSIONThe following comprehension questions are based on the texts you have learned, and each of them is provided with 4 choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D].Choose the best answer to each question and write it on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points, 1 point each)1.“One dollar and eighty-seven cents,”which O. Henry repeatedly mentions in Gifts of the Magi, is _____.[A]the money Della has been earning for months[B]what Della has saved to buy herself a comb[C]what Jim has given her for a Christmas present[D]the money Della has saved to buy Jim a present2.When the brothers discovered the secret love affair between Lisabetta and Lorenzo, they _____.[A]decided to wait for a chance to wipe away the shame[B]restrained from taking action after long consideration[C]immediately put an end to it by killing Lorenzo and burying him in a remote place[D]secretly sent Lorenzo away on business without informing their sister of it3.Accoridng to The Pardoner's Tale, the woman who gave the knight the right answer to the question disguised herself as a very old and ugly woman in order to .[A]avoid being noticed by the Queen[B]try out his goodness as a knight[C]prevent the knight from finding the answer[D]make sure he was obedient to women4.“She (Mme. Loisel )seemed to have fallen from her proper situation in life as a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm.”This quotation from The Necklace simply means that ______. [A]she had been a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm but now she was no longer whatshe used to be[B]she should have been a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm but her husband spoiled allher dreams[C]she felt as if a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm had fallen into an abyss(深渊)ofbitter life[D]as a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm, she should have had a social position shedeserved5.According to the story The Lost Gold Piece, when Lebeau refused to be searched,______.[A]his friends said nothing but walked out in anger[B]those present were all certain that Lebeau was a thief[C]no one spoke to Lebeau though most of them felt pity for him[D]he felt as if the were a real criminal6.Aesop was a Greek writer who ______.[A]wrote Snow White and many other stories about fairies and princes[B]wrote many stories about animals that talked and behaved like humans[C]collected Greek legends and myths 2,500 years ago[D]collected European lyrics and folk songs in ancient Greece7.In The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calavers County, Smiley went off to the swamp to find a frog to serve as Daniel's opponent for a jumping contest. While he was waiting for Smiley to return, the stranger took Daniel out of the box and ______.[A]fed him a few teaspoons of whisky[B]fed him a few teaspoons of sand[C]replaced him by a good-looking frog[D]ran away with Smiley's box and money8.In Art for Heart's Sake, after Ellsworth recovered from the disease, he made a surprising announcement that ______.[A]he would run a big risk of buying the gallery[B]he was going to exhibit his painting in the summer show at the gallery[C]some good paintings would be singled out for praise[D]he would comp up with a more promising financial plan9.According to How to Live like a Millionaire, the accumulation of wealth chiefly depends on ______.[A]self-discipline [B]inheritance[C]intelligence [D]luck10.The theme of Rip Van Winkle, a short story taken from The Sketch Book, is ______.[A]the value of individualism and intuitive perception[B]the human imagination to commune with nature[C]the nostalgia(怀旧)for the unrecoverable past[D]the praise for the individual and common man11.On waking up, Rip V an Wrinkle found himself ______.[A]in the hollow where the serious folk played ninepins[B]in the woods where he used to divert himself in hunting[C]in one of the biggest parts of mountains he used to climb[D]on the green hill where he had first seen the old man with the keg full of liquor12.In The Wrong House, the two men entered the house stealthily to ______.[A]make a big robbery [B]hide the suitcase packed with dollars[C]flee for their lives [D]wait for their partners13.Pandora's Box conveys to the reader the message that ______.[A]the warnings given by friends or family members should be valued[B]there is hope in life despite trouble and difficulty[C]curiosity often brings harm and trouble in life[D]patience is the best rule of life for young couples14.According to Bricks from the Tower of the Babel, nearly a thousand languages have been invented with the purpose to ______.[A]enrich natural languages[B]confound the languages of the world[C]create a single international language[D]replace native languages15.The use of Latin and Greek roots appeals to most linguists mainly because of ______.[A]their link to the religion[B]their long history[C]their direct spelling rules and pronunciation[D]their Indo-European origin16.Helen Keller cited an example of her friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods to show that ______.[A]the seeing often do not see the interesting things[B]the seeing do not know the wonderful pleasure of touching things[C]walking in the woods is the best way to enjoy Nature[D]the blind get little pleasure through mere touching17.According to Social Classes, one thing that helps to make social class elastic is ______.[A]birth [B]residence[C]marriage [D]occupation18.The Supreme Court sees to it that ______.[A]the President does not become a dictator[B]the Congress approves the President's proposals[C]the individual's rights are protected against the government[D]the states do not go against the federal government19.Jane felt an inexpressible relief, a feeling of protection and safety when she knew that ______.[A]there was a stranger in the room[B]Mrs Reed was nearby[C]Bessie sat by her bedside[D]John Reed was not in the room20.In Jane Eyre, Bessie asked Sarah to come and sleep with her in the nursery because she ______.[A]wanted to discuss Jane's problems with her[B]was afraid that Jane might die that night[C]believed that Mr Reed's ghost might rise before her[D]had a terrible dream the night beforeⅡ.READING COMPREHENSIONIn this part there are 4 reading passages followed by 20 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D].Y ou should decide on the best answer and write it on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points, 2 points each)Passage 1Queen Elizabeth II’s pronunciation of English has been infected by her subjects, Aussie scientists say.Phoneticists from Sydney's Macquarie University studied archive recordings of the Queen's annual Christmas message to the Commonwealth from the 1950s to1980s, analyzing her Majesty's vowels.They then compared those vowels with the standard accent of southern England, as used by female British broadcasters on the BBC in the 1980s, to see how the royal accent had changed.Their conclusion: the cut-glass speech of the early years of the Queen's reign has become—how shall we say—somewhat commoner over the years.That in itself subtly mirrors the changes is Britain, from a country with a rigid social hierarchy(等级制度)four decades ago to one where class differences have blurred and in some areas disappeared.“The Queen's pronunciation of some vowels has been influenced by the standard southern-British accent of the 1980s which is more typically associated with speakers who are younger and lower in the social hierarchy,”the researchers say.Standard speech in southern England has been influenced by Cockneys(伦敦人), whose accent was initiated by Dick V an Dyke in the Walt Disney movie“Mary Poppins.”Purists will be reassured that the Queen's “Hice (house) of Windsor”will not become the Ouse of Windsor”(by dropping the‘h’) in the foreseeable future.However, there have been changes in 10 out of the 11 vowel sounds in the standard English.These changes bring her speech closer to that of her Cockney subjects, the researchers found.An example of this is the way in which she pronounces “had”.In the 1950s, the royal pronunciation of this word almost rhymed with“bed”.But 30 years later, it had migrated halfway to the standard southern English pronunciation, which rhymes “had”with“had”.The Australian team say the pronunciation of all languages alters subtly over time, mainly because of influence from the young, and it is foolish for anyone to try to prevent change.“The chances of societies and academies successfully preserving a particular form of pronunciation against the influence of community and social changes are unlikely,”they say.The research was published December 21 in Nature, the British science weekly.21.Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?[A]The pronunciation of all languages changes subtly over time.[B]It is not always easy to preserve a particular form of pronunciation.[C]The Queen's English has become commoner.[D]Class differences have blurred and even disappeared.22.Who did the research into the Queen's pronunciation?[A]An Australian research group.[B]Phoneticians from a British University.[C]A British science weekly.[D]The BBC broadcasters.23.The Queen's pronunciation of some vowels has been influenced by .[A]female British broadcasters on the BBC in the 1980s[B]the social changes in Britain in the 1980s[C]the standard speech in southern England[D]her subjects in the Commonwealth countries24.By saying that the change in the Queen's English mirrors the social changes in Britain, the writer means .[A]the rigid social hierarchy 40 years ago has collapsed[B]the Queen's accent has been influenced by the lower class[C]the Queen's accent is associated with the younger speakers[D]the social differences in Britain are no longer as distinct as before25.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT stated?[A]The researchers analyzed the Queen's vowels to see how the royal accent had changed.[B]The researchers found that the Queen's accent is closer to that of her Cockney subjects.[C]It is unlikely to preserve a particular accent against social changes and influence ofcommunity.[D]The change in the pronunciation of a particular language is closely associated with the Royalspeech.Passage 2If culture is learned, there must be channels of transmission. This is the task of agents of socialization—people and organizations charged with conveying the rules. Chief among these are parents, peers, teachers, the media, and religious authorities.The first and most important agent of socialization is those who care for infants. In the earliest months, messages from nurturers(抚养人) constitute the child's basic understanding of the world around it. This is the infant's first introduction to the language that shapes perception and elicits emotions. What the child learns is the culture as mediated through others. A desire for continued interaction with the nurturers, combined with a fear of losing these sources of pleasure, motivates the infant to become sensitive to the cues of those entrusted with its care.Another powerful source of information and socialization is the friendship group of age peers. Peers are equals, whereas parents are superiors in relation to the child. The greater power of parents makes some kinds of learning difficult. A distance and formality must be observed even in the most indulgent (宽容) homes. Peers, on the other hand, are those one can deal with on the same level as oneself: tease, insult, let imagination loose upon, share dreadful mistakes with , and so on, but without the heavy emotional overlay of family relationship.Much formal socialization is placed in the hands of professionals. Teachers from kindergarten on are specifically designated agents of socialization, and are paid for the task. Ideally, a teacher is one who has both knowledge and the skills to present it.In an earlier time, parents, friends, and teachers would comprise the list of primary childhoodsocializers. Children's books, comics, and magazines might also have been mentioned as sources of information on norms and role models. Today one must add four powerful indirect socialization agents: radio, movie, television and computer. Many people learn about politics, form a vision of the good life, and develop attitudes toward others from what they see on the screen and hear through loudspeakers.26.The main topic of this passage is .[A]agents of socialization [B]sources of information[C]culture and language learning [D]channels of transmission27.According to the passage, parents are .[A]the first and most important agents of socialization[B]the less powerful agents of socialization than teachers[C]the least important agents of socialization[D]formal agents of socialization28.Some kind of knowledge cannot be learned from parents because .[A]there is the heavy emotional overlay of family relationships[B]children are not regarded as equals[C]children are not allowed to make mistakes[D]they have too many age peers29.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a source of information on norms and models?[A]Games. [B]Radio.[C]Books. [D]Television.30.The term “socializers”in the last paragraph refers to .[A]instructors [B]agents of socialization[C]superiors [D]nurturersPassage 3Before graduation from the University of Virginia, I sent my resume to African embassies and consulates, trying to find a position teaching English. But I didn't find a school in all the continent that would guarantee employment. In desperation, I applied to the Japanese Ministry of Education and Ministry of Foreign Affairs to teach English in Japan, which became my job offer.But the more I thought about going to Japan, the more apprehensive I became, I knew nothing of the history or culture, and I didn't speak the language. I worried that facing prejudice in a foreign country would be extremely frustrating.Arriving at Sakura Nishi High School, about 40 minutes from Tokyo, I was relieved to find that everyone, from my principal to the PTA mothers, treated me with kindness and respect. But I discovered that while Japanese teens respected me as an American, they idolized me because I was Black.While I was in Japan, trendy department stores advertised Booby Brown posters, Cross Colours gear and X caps in their windows, Rappers from Ice-T to Ice Cube toured, and Malcolm X was atthe major theaters. On Saturday nights Shibuya ward. Tokyo’s hub of hip-hop and high fashion, was packed with students in baggy jeans, “Doc”Martens, Chicango Bulls caps, permed (烫头发的) Afros and dreadlocks. To them, my being African-American meant I was Kakoi, cool. And before long I was a star.At a track-and-field event in Tokyo, I was one of the few foreign spectators. I hadn't been there ten minutes when a screaming mob of young girls swarmed around me like bees, waving pens, notebooks and T-shirts in my face, shouting,“Sign, sign, sign!”I was petrifide(发呆的).Then it dawned on me that they thought I was an athlete. I couldn’t explain in Japanese that I was only a spectator, so I surrendered.That day was only the first of many incidents of mistaken identity and instant stardom. Nightclub managers let me in free, knowing my presence would attract patrons, and security guards at rap concerts gave me backstage passes. To be young, single and Black in Tokyo in the nineties was surely as exciting and romantic as the pre-World War ⅡSpain Hemingway knew.But I wanted to say to the Japanese, “Y ou must understand, being Black is more involved than just wearing an X cap. It means being committed to furthering our race and nurturing our children. Being Black runs deeper than just having rhythm. It means possessing a history of more than 300 years of fighting for freedom and equality. And as a people, we are more diverse than our hair-styles. Our talents and interests vary as much as our shades of brown.”I wished I could have said what I really should have been telling myself all along, rather than defining myself by our images as either sports stars and performers or criminals and victims.31.The author's reason for going to Japan was that she .[A]intended to learn about the country and its people[B]failed to find an opportunity to teach English in Africa[C]knew she would be respected in foreign country[D]wanted to see if she would face prejudice in Japan32.How did the author feel about going to Japan?[A]Desperate. [B]Nervous.[C]Disappointed. [D]Frustrated.33.The author was treated like a star in Japan because .[A]she was a famous athlete [B]she was a famous rapper[C]she was an American [D]she was Black34.The writer's experience in Japan clearly tells us that .[A]Japanese people lack confidence in their own nation[B]many Japanese believe that all Blacks who visit Japan are famous athletes[C]people in Japan are strongly opposed to racial prejudice[D]Japanese people like sports and many are sports fans35.It can be most safely concluded from the last paragraph that .[A]the author did not actually tell anyone her ideas about being black[B]Japanese people were quite ignorant of American history[C]there was a lack of cultural exchange between American and Japan[D]people in the two countries have some misunderstanding about each otherPassage 4Pronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language; but few people are even moderately proficient at pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons for this, some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious But I suggest that the fundamental reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do is that they fail to grasp the true nature of the problem of learning to pronounce, and consequently pronouncing a foreign language is a skill—one that needs careful training of a special kind, and one that cannot be acquired by just leaving it to take care of itself, I think even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a good accent, tend to neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerned with speaking the language. So the first point I want to make is that English pronunciation must be taught; the teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to this, and by his whole attitude to the subject should get the student to feel that here is a matter worthy of receiving his close attention. So, there should be occasions, when other aspects of English, such as grammar or spelling, are allowed for the moment to take second place.Apart from this question of the time given to pronunciation, there are two other requirements for the teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique.It is important that the teacher should be in possession of the necessary information. This can generally be obtained from books. It is possible to get from books some idea of the mechanics of speech, and of what we call general phonetic theory. It is also possible in this way to get a clear mental picture of the relationship between the sounds of different languages, between the speech habits of English people and those, say, of your students. Unless the teacher has such a picture, any comments he may make on his students' pronunciation are unlikely to be of much use, and lesson time spent on pronunciation may well be time wasted.But it does not follow that you can teach pronunciation successfully as soon as you have read the necessary books. It depends after that what use you make of your knowledge; and this is a matter of technique.36.What does the writer actually say about pronouncing foreign languages?[A]Only a few people are really proficient.[B]No one is really an expert in the skill.[C]There aren't many people who are even fairly good.[D]There are even some people who are moderately proficient.37.The best way of learning to speak a foreign language, he suggests, is by .[A]picking it up naturally as a child[B]learning from a native speaker[C]not concentrating on pronunciation as such[D]undertaking systematic work38.What is it that teachers are said to be inclined to forget?[A]The practical teaching of languages.[B]The importance of a good accent.[C]The principles of phonetic theory.[D]The teaching of pronunciation in the classroom.39.The value the student puts on correct speech habits depends upon .[A]how closely he attends to the matter[B]whether it is English that is being taught[C]his teacher's approach to pronunciation[D]the importance normally given to grammar and spelling40.How might the teacher find himself wasting lesson time?[A]By spending lesson time on pronunciation.[B]By making ill-informed comments upon pronunciation.[C]By not using books on phonetics in the classroom.[D]By not giving students a clear mental picture of the difference between sounds.Ⅲ.SKIMMING AND SCANNINGIn this part there are 3 reading passages followed by 10 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 answers marked [A],[B],[C]and[D].Skim or scan the passages, then decide on the best answer and write it on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point each)Passage 1Page PREFACE 1 INTRODUCTION 5The Search of American Characterby Luther S. Luedtke 35PART ONEBuilding a Nation1.America's Natural Landscapes 43by Pierce Lewis2.From Immigration to Acculturation 68by Arthur Mann3.The Frontier Family: Dislocation and the American Experience 81by Lillian Schlissel4.A Consonance of Towns 91by Richard Lingeman5.Urban America 105by Sam Bass Warner, Jr.6.Cultural Regions of America 121by Raymond D. GastilPART TWO 135 Expressions of American Culture1.American Manners 140by Neil Harris2.The Artlessness of American Culture 153by Dickran Tashjian3.A New Architecture, Y et Old 165by Leland M. Roth4.Literature and V alues: The American Crusoe and the Idea of the West 177by Richard Lehan5.Entertainment and the Mass Media 190by Norman Corwin6.Sports and American Culture 207by Richard G. Powers41.The author of the introduction is .[A]Neil Harris [B]Luther S. Luedtke[C]Raymond D. Gastil [D]Richard G. Powers42.If you are interested in the relationship between sports and the American cult are you should refer to pages .[A]207-220 [B]53-164[C]35-152 [D]165-17643.In the essay written by Norman Corwin, you probably will find information about American .[A]literature [B]geography[C]newspapers [D]landscapesPassage 2The effort to develop gene (基因) transplants as a treatment for hereditary (遗传的) diseases has taken another step forward.An American team has developed a highly efficient technique to carry out gene transplants in mice. Eventually, scientists hope to be able to use the technique in man to replace the defective genes responsible for diseases such as hemophilia and cystic fibrosis.The latest feat in the drive towards performing a gene transplant on man was reported by doctors Suzanne Mansour, Kirk Thomas and Mario Capecchi of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in Salt Lake City.“It is a breakthrough, producing a new approach to doing gene therapy,”said Dr Capecchi.Previous attempts at inserting new genes into the chromosome, the bady's genetic blueprint, have had only limited success.A British team has found a way to persuade a transplanted gene to work by the discovery of specialgenetic material that “switches on”the gene, wherever it is inserted in a cell's genetic material.But a misplaced gene may affect the operation of other genes, disrupting the operation of the cell and leading to cancer in rare cases.Now the Utah team has developed a procedure in which the cell self-destructs if a new gene is not properly inserted. Their transplant gene contains a toxic component that produces poison in the cell if the gene is misplaced.The gene transplant was successful for one in 20 cells. Thousands of cells had to be screened when other methods were carried out, said Dr Thomas.The transplants were carried out on mouse embryo (胚胎) stem cells, the progenitors (祖先) of a number of cells in mice.They can be used to identify the function of genes and create mice with human genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis to help research into cures.44.American scientists are now able to .[A]carry out gene transplants in man[B]carry out gene transplants in mice[C]replace the defective genes of man[D]cure the diseases such as hemophilia and cystic fibrosis45.The British team has found a way to transplant genes too. But it is not as good as the American way because .[A]the British team discovered the special genetic material[B]the British team discovered a way to persuade a transplanted gene to work[C]a misplaced gene may affect the operation of other genes[D]the British way is sure to lead to cancer46.The Utah team refers to .[A]the British team [B]the American team[C]Salt Lake City [D]something not mentioned47.The transplants were carried out to mouse embryo stem cells because they can be used to .[A]distinguish between mice and human beings[B]create human genetic disorders[C]identify cystic fibrosis[D]help researchPassage 3The 45 students in the first homeroom class of the ninth grade were all seated at their desks when the opening notes of the Brahms symphony roared from the loudspeaker at precisely 8∶30 a.m. Soon the violins faded, and a slow, synthesized pulse spread across the room, numbing the mindwith its smooth, hypnotic gait. The room was cold and slightly dank (潮湿的). No sun shone through the plate glass windows overlooking the balcony. The clouds, like the students, were still.In a moment, a soothing, resonant voice began to speak.“Good morning, boys and girls. Let's begin another wonderful day. Please close your eyes…”For ten minutes every morning the students at Sano Junior High sat in quiet meditation to prepare themselves for the day ahead. The principal, Sakamoto Sensei, had introduced this system, known as Method Training, several years earlier in order to quell the growing incidence of school “violence,”mainly minor scuffles and hair violations. The program consisted of a sequence of 25 tapes for total mental and physical conditioning. Each day a different tape was played…After ten minutes the music dissolved, the voice disappeared, and Mrs. Negishi-standing erect before the class-took control of the homeroom meeting.“Stand up,”she commanded, and the students rose to their feet.“Attention,”she said, and they dropped their arms to their thighs.“Bow.”It was 8∶42 in the morning.People who are born and grow up in different cultures act and think very differently from one another. Bruce Feiler, an American who taught school in Japan, was struck by the ways in which Japanese schools socialized their students to become adult members of Japanese society. Deep respect for authority, long hours of focused learning, appropriate modes of dress, even proper ways to bow-all of these were central aspects of Japanese education that would be virtually unthinkable in most American schools today. Japanese educational practices, in turn, reflect widely shared norms and values that are found in Japanese families, workplaces, and indeed throughout Japanese culture.48.The quiet meditation usually lasts for .[A]10minutes [B]15minutes[C]30minutes [D]42minutes49.The music used for total mental and physical conditioning is .[A]the same every day [B]out of date[C]different every day [D]popular among young people50.The main idea of the last paragraph is that .[A]Japanese educational practices reflect widely stared norms and values found throughout Japanese culture[B]the writer was struck by the ways in which Japanese schools socialized their students[C]people from different cultures act and think differently from one another[D]central aspects of Japanese education would be virtually unthinkable in most American。
全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题及答案
全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题I．Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement and write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.1．In Renaissance, the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to do the following EXCEPT ______.A．getting rid of those old feudalist ideasB. getting control of the parliament and governmentC．introducing new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisieD．recovering the purity of the early church, from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church2．The Petrarchan sonnet was first introduced into England by ______. A．SurreyB. WyattC．SidneyD．Shakespeare3．As the best of Shakespeare's final romances,______ is a typicalexample of his pessimistic view towards human life and society in his late years.A．The Tempest 暴风雨B. The Winter's Tale冬天的故事C．Cymbeline 辛白林D．The Rape of Lucrece 露易丝受辱记4．John Milton's greatest poetical work ______ is the only generally acknowledged epic in English literarure since Beowulf. A．AreopagiticaB. Paradise LostC．LycidasD．Samson Agonistes5．The British bourgeois or middle class believed in the following notions EXCEPT ______.A．self - esteem 自尊B. self – reliance自力更生C．self - restraint 自制D．hard work6．“Graveyard School”writers are the following sentimentalists EXCEPTA．James ThomsonB. William CollinsC．William CowperD．Thomas Jackson7．The best model of satire in the whole English literary history is Jonathan Swift's ______.A．A Modest ProposalB. A Tale of a TubC．Gulliver's TravelsD．The Battle of the Books8．As a representative of the Enlightenment,______ was one of the first to introduce rationalism to England.A．John BunyanB. Daniel DefoeC．Alexander PopeD．Jonathan Swift9．For his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel,______ has been regarded by some as “Father of the EnglishA．Daniel DefoeB. Henry FieldingC．Jonathan SwiftD．Samuel Richardson10．Which of the following descriptions of Gothic Novels is NOT correct?A．It predominated in the early eighteenth century.B. It was one phase of the Romantic movement.C．Its principal elements are violence, horror and the supernatural. D．Works like The Mysteries of Udolpho and Frankenstein are typical Gothic romance．11．“Byronic hero”is a figure of the following traits EXCEPT ______.A. being proudB. being of humble 卑微的originC. being rebelliousD．being mysterious12．Robert Browning created ______ by adopting the novelistic presentation of characters.A．the verse novelB. the blank verseC．the heroic coupletD．the dramatic poetry13．Charles Dickens' novel ______ is famous for its vivid descriptions of the workhouse and life of the underworld in the nineteenth- century London.A．The Pickwick PaperB. Oliver TwistC．David CopperfieldD．Nicholas Nickleby14．Charlotte Bronte's works are all about the struggle of an individual consciousness towards ______, about some lonely and neglected young women with a fierce longing for love, understanding and a full, happy life.A．self - relianceB. self - realizationC．self - esteemD．self - consciousness15．The symbolic meaning of “Book”in Robert Browning's long poem The Ring and the Book is ______.A．the common senseB. the hard truthC．the comprehensive knowledgeD．the dead truth16．Thomas Hardy's pessimistic view of life predominated most of his later works and earns him a reputation as a ______ writer.A．realisticB. naturalisticC．romanticD．stylistic17．After the First World War, there appeared the following literary trends of modernism EXCEPT ______.A．expressionismB. surrealismC．stream of consciousnessD．black humour18．The masterpieces of critical realism in the early 20th century are thethree trilogies of ______.A．Galsworthy's Forsyte novelsB. Hardy' s Wessex novelsC．Greene's Catholic novelsD．Woolf's stream-of-consciousness novels19．In the mid - 1950s and early 1960s, there appeared “______”who demonstrated a particular disillusion over the depressing situation in Britain and launched a bitter protest．against the outmoded social and political values in their society.A．The Beat GenerationB. The Lost GenerationC．The Angry Young MenD．Black Mountain Poets20.The following are English stream-of-consciousness novels EXCEPT ______.A. PilgrimageB. UlyssesC. Mrs.DallowayD．A Passage to Inida21．The leader of the Irish National Theater Movement in the early 20thcentury was ______.A．W.B.YeatsB. Lady GregoryC．J.M.SyngeD．John Galworthy22．T.S.Eliot's most popular verse play is ______.A．Murder in the CathedralB. The Cocktail PartyC．The Family ReunionD．The Waste Land23．The American writer ______ was awarded the Nobel Prize for the anti-racist In-truder in the Dust in 1950.A．Ernest HemingwayB. Gertrude SteinC．William Faulkner D. T.S．Eliot24．Hemingway's second big success is ______ , which wrote the epitaph to a decade and to the whole generation in the 1920s, in order to tell us a story about the tragic love affair of a wounded American soldier with a British nurse.A．For Whom the Bell TollsB. A Farewell to ArmsC．The Sun Also RisesD．The Old Man and the Sea25．With the publication of ______ , Dreiser was launching himself upon a long career that would ultimately make him one of the most significant American writers of the school later known as literary naturalism. A．Sister CarrieB. The TitanC．The GeniusD．The Stoic26．Henry James is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th -century “stream -of-consciousness”novels and the founder of ______. A．neoclassicismB. psychological心理的realismC．psychoanalytical精神分析criticismD．surrealism27．In 1849, Herman Melville published ______ ,a semi-autobiographical novel, con- cerning the sufferings of a genteel youth among brutal sailors.A．OmooB. MardiC．RedburnD．Typee28．As a sequel to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer,______ marks the climax of Mark Twain's literary activity.A．The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB. Life on the MississippiC．The Gilded AgeD．Roughing It29．Realism was a reaction against ______ or a move away from the bias towards romance and self- creating fictions, and paved the way to Modernism.A．RomanticismB. RationalismC．Post-modernismD．Cynicism30．When World War II broke out,______ began working for the Italian government, engaged in some radio broadcasts of anti- Semitism and pro-Fascism.A．Ezra Pound B. T.S．EliotC．Henry James D．Robert Frost31．In 1915 ______ became a naturalized British citizen, largely in protest against America's failure to join England in the First World War. A．Henry James B. T.S.EliotC．W.D.Howells D．Ezra Pound32．What Whitman prefers for his new subject and new poetic feelings is “______ ,”that is, poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme. A．blank verseB. free rhythmC．balanced structureD．free verse33．The American woman poet ______ wanted to live simply as a complete independent being, and so she did, as a spinster.A．Emily ShawB. Anna DickinsonC．Emily DickinsonD．Anne Bret34．The Birthmark drives home symbolically ______ point that evil is a man's birthmark, something he was born with.A．Whitman'sB. Melville'sC．Hawthorne'sD．Emerson's35．The Financier ,The Titan and The Stoic written by ______ are called his “Trilogy of Desire”.A．Henry JamesB. Theodore DreiserC．Mark TwainD．Herman Melville36．Disregarding grammar and punctuation,______ always used “i”instead of “I”in his poems to show his protest against self-importance. A．Wallace StevensB. Ezra PoundC．Robert FrostD．E.E.Cummings37．Though Robert Frost is generally considered a regional poet whose subject matters mainly focus on the landscape and people in ______ , he wrote many poems that investigate the basic themes of man's life in his long poetic career.A．the westB. the southC．New EnglandD．Alaska38．Most critics have agreed that Fitzgerald is both an insider and an outsider of ______ with a double vision.A．the Gilded AgeB. the Rational AgeC．the Jazz AgeD．the Magic Age39．In the American Romantic writings,______ came to function almost as a dramatic character that symbolized moral law.A．fireB. waterC．treesD．wilderness40．The desire for an escape from society and a return to ______ became a permanent convention of the American literature.A．the family lifeB. natureC．the ancient timeD．fantasy of loveII．Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English．Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41．Wherefore feed and clothe and saveFrom the cradle to the graveThose ungrateful drones who wouldDrain your sweat- nay, drink your blood?Questions:A．Identify the poet and the title of the poem from which the stanza is taken. from percy shelley’s “men of England”B.What figure of speech is used in Line 2?metonymyC．Whom does “drones”refer to?Here “drones” refers to the parasitic class in human socity.42．The following quotation is from one of the poems by T．S．Eliot: No! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be;Am an attendant lord, one that will doTo swell a progress, start a scene or twoAdvise the prince; no doubt, an easy tool,Deferential, glad to be of use,Politic, cautious, and meticulous,Full of high sentence, but a bit obtuse;Questions:A．Identify the title of the poem from which the quoted part is taken．The love song of J.Alfred PrufrockB.Who's the speaker of the quoted lines?J.Alfred PrufrockC．What does the first line show about the speaker?Prufrock is conscious of the fact that he is like hamlet in some respect. But he is sensible enough that he cant be compared with hamlet. 43．There was a child went forth every day,And the first object he look'd upon, that object he became,And that object became part of him for the day or a certain part of the day,Or for many years or stretching cycles of years.Questions:A．Identify the poet. Walt WhitmanB.From which poem and which collection of the poet are these lines taken?“ there was a child went forth” from “ leaves of grass”C.What does the poet describe in the poem?The poem describes the growth of a child who learned about the world around him and improved himself accordingly. In the poem, Whitman’s own early experience may well be identified with the childhood of a young, growing American.44．I heard a Fly buzz- when I died-The Stillness in the RoomWas like the Stillness in the Air-Between the Heaves of Storm-The Eyes around- had wrung them dry-And Breaths were gathering firmFor that last Onset- when the KingBe witnessed - in the Room-Questions:A．Identify the poet. Emily DickinsonB.What does “the King” refer to?The god of deathC．What moment is the poem trying to describe?The poem is trying to describe the moment of death.III．Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English．Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45．List at least two leading neoclassicists in England．What did Neoclassicists celebrate in literary creation?A. Alexander pope, John Dryden, Samuel JohndonB. they believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy and that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. They seek proportion, unity, harmony and grace in literacy expression, in an effort to delight, instruct and correct human beings. Thus a polite, elegant, witty and intellectual art developed. 46．Jane Eyre is one of the most popular and important novels of the Victorian Age．Why is Jane Eyre such a successful novel?A. it is noted for its sharp criticism of the existing socity.B. it is an intense moral fable.C. the success of the novel is also due to its introduction to the English novel the first governess heroine.47．Who are the three dominant figures of the American Age of Realism and what are the differences in their understanding of the “truth”?A. William Dean Howells, Mark Twain, Henry James.B. Mark Twain and Howells seemed to have paid more attention to the“life”of the Ameicans. Howells focused his discussion on the rising middle class and the way they lived: Mark Twain preferred to have his own region and people at the forefront of his stories; Henry James had apparently laid a greater emphasis on the “ inner world” of man. 48．What's Dreiser' s naturalistic belief? Please discuss the question with Carrie, a character in Sister Carrie as an example.A. Dreiser believes that while men are controlled and conditioned by heredity, instinct and chance, a few extraordinary and unsophisticated human beings refuse to accept their fate wordlessly and instead strive, unsuccessfully, to find meaning and purpose for their existence.B. Carrie, as one of such, senses that she is merely a cipher in an uncaring world yet seeks to grasp the mysteries of life and thereby satisfies her desires for social status and material comfort, but in spite of her success, she is lonely and dissatisfied.IV．Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49．Briefly discuss William Shakespeare's artistic achievements in characterization, plot construction and language.A. shakespeare’s major characters are neither merely individual ones nor type ones; they represent certain types; they are individuals representingcertain types. By employing a psychoanalytical approach, Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters’inner world. Shakespeare also portrays his characters in pairs. Contrasts are frequently used to bring vividness to his characters.B. Shakespeare seldom invents his own plot; instead, he borrows them from old plays or storybook, fron ancient Greek or Roman sources. In order to make the play more lively and compact, he would shorten the time and intensify the story. There are usually several clues running through the play, thus providing the story with the suspense and apprehension.C. Shakespeare can write skillfully in different poetic forms, such as the sonnet, the blank verse and the rhymed couplet. He has an amazing wealth of vocabulary and idiom. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old words also creates striking effects on the readers.50．Briefly discuss Mark Twain's art of fiction in terms of the setting,the language, and the characters, etc.,based on his novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.A. Mark Twain uses the Mississippi V ally as his fictional kingdom, Writing about the landscape and people, the customs and the dialects of one particular region, and is therefore known as a local colorist.B. he creates life-like characters, especially the conventional HuckleberryFinn, who runs away from civilization and stands opposite to conventional morality.C. He uses a simple, direct vernacular language, totally different from any previous literary language. It is the kind of colloquial language belonging to the lower class, the living local American English.D. he has created a special humor to satirize social injustices and the decayed convention.。
英美文学选读试题自学考试答案解析（完整版）
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I.Multiple Choice(40points in all,1for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement.Mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter A,B,C orD on the answer sheet.1.Shakespeare has established his giant position in world literature with his______plays,154sonnets and2long poems.BA.27B.38C.47D.522.john Milton’s literary achievement can be divided into three groups:the early poetic works,the middle prose pamphlets and the last______.CA.romancesB.dramasC.great poemsD.ballads3.The novels of______are the first literary works devoted to the study of problems of the lower—class people.CA.John MiltonB.Daniel DefoeC.Henry FieldingD.Jonathan Swift4.The work ranked by many critics as William Wordswoth’s greatest work was______.BA.Lyrical BalladsB.The PreludeC.Poems in Two VolumesD.The Excursion5.The author of The History of Tom Jones,a Foundling is ______.CA.Daniel DefoeB.Johathan SwiftC.Henry FieldingD.William Blake6.The works of______are famous for the depiction of the life of the middle—class women,particularly governess.*BA.Charlotte BrontewrenceC.Thomas HardyD.Jane Austen7.All of the following writings are created by William Wordsworth EXCEPT______.DA.“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.”B.“Composed upon Westminster Bridge,Septemer3,1802.”C.“The Solitary Reaper.”D.“The Chimney Sweeper.”8.The most important representative work by Jonathan Swift is______.DA.A Tale of a TubB.The Battle of the BooksC.A Modest ProposalD.Gulliver's Travels9“If winter comes,can Spring be far behind?”comes from Shelly’s______.DA.“To a Skylark”B.“Adonais”C.“Ode to Liberty”D.“Ode to the West Wind”10.In Jane Austen's first novel______,she tells a story about two sisters and their love affairs.BA.Pride and PrejudiceB.Sense and SensibilityC.EmmaD.Persuasion11.Charles Dickens is one of the greatest______writers of the Victorian Age.DA.romanticB.modernistC.socialistD.critical realist12.Charlotte Bronte's most autobiographical work,______ is largely based on her experience in Brussels.AA.Jane EyreB.ShirleyC.VilletteD.The Professor13.William Wordsworth's theory of poetry is calling for simple themes drawn from humble life expressed in the language of ordinary people.The preface to the second edition of______acts as a manifesto for the new school and sets forth his own critical creed.AA.Lyrical BalladsB.The PreludeC.Poems in Two VolumsD.The Excursion14.George Bernard Shaw's play______established his position as the leading playwright of his time.*CA.Widowers’HousesB.Too True to Be GoodC.Mrs.Warren's ProfessionD.Candida15.Eliot's most important single poem______,has been hailed as a landmark and a model of the20th-century English poetry.BA.The Hollow MenB.The Waste LandC.Prurrock and Other ObservationsD.Poems1909-2516. D. /doc/info-926f89635dbfc77da26925 c52cc58bd630869377.htmlwrence’s autobiographical novel, ______shows the conflict between the earthy,coarse, energetic but often drunken father and the refined,strong —willed and up—climbing mother.AA.Sons and LoversB.The White PeacockC.The TrespasserD.The Rainbow17.“To be,or not to be—that is the question;/Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer./The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,/Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,/And by opposing end them?”These words are from ______.DA.King LearB.RomeoC.AntonioD.Hamlet18.John Milton’s last important work,______is the most powerful dramatic poem on the Greek model.AA.Paradise LostB.Paradise RegainedC.Samson AgonistesD.Lydidas19.The author of Moll Flanders and Captain Singleton is ______.BA.John MiltonB.Daniel DefoeC.Henry FieldingD.Jonathan Swift20.Drapier is the pseudonym of______.AA.Jonathan SwiftB.Daniel DefoeC.Henry FieldingD.William Blake21.One of Dickens'later works,______in which he presents a criticism of the governmental branches which run an indefinite procedure of management ofaffairs and keep the innocent in prison for life.BA.Bleak HouseB.Little DorritC.Hard TimesD.A Tale of Two Cities22.In the second part of Gulliver's Travels,Gulliver told his experience in______.AA.BrobdingnagB.LilliputC.Flying IslandD.Houyhnhnm23.Faulkner used the narrative techniques to construct his stories,which include______and mythological and biblical allusions.AA.symbolismB.free indirect speechC.contrastD.dialogue24.Ernest Hemingway,had been trying to demonstrate in his works an unvarying code,known as“______,”which is actually an attitude towards life.BA.facing the realityB.grace under pressureC.honesty with benevolenceD.security coming first25.The Blithedale Romance is a novel written by Hawthorne to reveal his own experience on the Brook Farm and his own methods as a______novelist.CA.naturalistB.imagistC.psychologicalD.feminist26.Theodore Dreiser's focus shifted from the pathos of the helpless protagonists at the bottom of the society to the power of the Americanfinancial tycoons in the late19th century in his work ______.DA.The GeniusB.An American TragedyC.Dreiser Looks at RussiaD.“Trilogy of Desire”27.Emily Dickinson frequently uses personae to render the tone more familiar to the reader,and______to vivify some abstract ideas.DA.imagesB.metaphorC.symbolsD.personification28.In his later works,Melville becomes more reconciled with the______,in which he admits,one must live by rules.BA.womenB.world of manC.familyD.politicians29.Walt Whitman's______has always been considered a monumental work which commands great attention in America.BA.The Pilgrim’s ProgressB.Leaves of GrassC.A Passage to IndiaD.Rip Van Winkle30.Mark Twain’s full literary career began to blossom in1869with a travel book______,an account of American tourists in Europe.AA.Innocents AbroadB.The Portrait of A LadyC.The Grapes of WrathD.The Great Gatsby31.With the development of the modern novel and the common acceptance of the______approach,Henry James's importance,as well as his wide influence as a novelist and critic,has been all the more conspicuous.AA.deconstructionB.romanticC.FreudianD.analytic32.Emily Dickinson addresses the issues that concern the whole human beings in her poems,which include religion, death,______,love,and nature.AA.immortalityB.wealthC.powerD.politics33.In Sister Carrie Theodore Dreiser expressed his______ pursuit by expounding the purposelessness of life and attacking the conventional moral standards.BA.romanticB.realisticC.naturalisticD.modernistic34.Profound ideas in Robert Frost's poems are delivered under the disguise of______.AA.the plain language and the simple formB.the vivid descriptionsC.metaphorsD.the complicated narration35.In______Hemingway presents his philosophy about life and death throughthe depiction of the bullfight as a kind of microcosmic tragedy.BA.The Green Hills of AfricaB.Death in the AfternoonC.The Snows of KilimanjaroD.To Have and Have Not36Of Faulkner’s literary works,four novels are masterpieces by any standards:The Sound and the Fury, Light in August,Absalom,Absalom!and______.AA.Go Down,MosesB.The FableC.The Snows of KilimanjaroD.To Have and Have Not37.As Whitman saw it,______could play a vital part in the process ofcreating a new nation.CA.musicB.fictionC.poetryD.painting38.In many of Hawthorne's stories and novels,the Puritan concept of life is condemned,especially in his The house of the Seven Gables and______.BA.Go Down,MosesB.The Scarlet LetterC.As I Lay DyingD.Song of Myself39.Henry James is generally regarded as the forerunner of the______and the founder of psychological realism.BA.“stream-of-consciousness”novelsB.metaphysical poemsC.short storiesD.literary criticism40.Generally considered to be Henry James’s masterpiece,______incarnates the clash between the Old World and the New in the life journey of an American girl in a Europe an cultural environment.BA.The AmbassadorsB.Daisy MillerC.The AmericanD.The Portrait of A Lady非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
英美文学选读期末考试答案
country and destruc on of the English peasantry towards the end of the century. Tess is actually a vic m of her society. Hardy created the heroine Tess in Tess of the D’ Urbervilles just to cri cize the society in his me. Hardy’s works are known as “novels of the character and environment.” Tess is a tragic person simply because she is not accepted by the society in which agriculture is menaced by the forces of invading capitalism. So in a way, we say, Tess’ fate is decided by her society.
1. What is the function of the opening sentenc e of “Pride and Prejudice”?“It is truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.”
英美文学选读问答题
二○○○年上半年全国高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试卷PAR T TWOⅡ.Reading Comprehension（16 points, 4 points for each）Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41.Read the quotation carefully and then answer the questions:The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea,The plowman homeward plods his weary way,And leaves the world to darkness and to me.A.Scan the first line of the stanza.B.Find the irregular foot in the second line.C.Briefly explain the significance of this irregularity.42.The following is a passage taken from a dramatic work:Had I as many souls as there be starsI'd give them all for Mephistophilis!By him I'll be great emperor of the world,And make a bridge thorough the moving airTo pass the ocean wi t h a band of men;I'll join the hills that bind the Afric shoreAnd make that country continent to Spain,And both contributory to my crown;The emperor shall not live but by my leave,Nor any potentate of Germany.Now that I have obtained what I desireI'll live in speculation of this artTill Mephistophilis return again. the playwright and the title of the work from which the passage is taken. the speaker of the passage quoted above.e the above passage as a guide and write down in one or two sentences the theme of the play.43.Read the following passage and then answer the questions:…I glanced back once. A wafer of a moon was shining over Gatsby's house, making the night fine as before, and surviving the laughter and the sound of his still glowing garden. A sudden emptiness seemed to flow now from the windows and the great doors, endowing with complete isolation the figure of the host, who stood on the porch, his hand up in a formal gesture of farewell.A.Identify the author and the ti t le of the novel from which this passage is taken.B.The passage describes the end of an event. What is it?C.What implied meaning can you get from reading this passage?44.Read the following part of a poem and then answer the questions:My tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air,Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same,I, now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin,Hoping to cease not till death.A.Identify the poet and the title of the poem.B.What do "soil" and "air" represent in the first line?C.What does the poet try to say in the above four lines?Ⅲ.Questions and Answers （24 points, 6 points for each）Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45.The following quotation is the ending of a poem by Robert Browning:Nay, we'll goTogether down, sir, Notice Neptune, though,Taming a sea horse, though a rarity,Which Claus of Innsbruck cast in bronze for me.What is the title of the poem? Who is the speaker? What is the importance of the allusion "Neptune…/Taming a sea horse" in the whole poem?46.Novum Organum（"New Instrument"）, along wi t h other works, won the author the honour "Father of modern science." Who is the author? What is the main concern of the work? Why the work is so important for the development of modern science?47.Ezra Pound is one of the pioneers in modern poetry. What is the poetic school of which he is a chief member?What is Pound's representative work of many years of poetic creation? What is the title of his frequently quoted one-image poem?Pound has translated some literary works from two great ancient civilizations. One is Greece. What is the other? How do you understand his famous comment "The image itself is the speech"?48.William Faulkner, a Nobel Priza winner, has an important position in American literature. Name two of his Major novels. Do you know anything about"Yoknapatawpha County?" What is unique of Faulkner's fiction, historically and geographically?Ⅳ.Topic Discussion（20 points, 10 points for each）Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49.A possible theme of James Joyce's short story "Araby" is disillusionment. Briefly discuss the symbolism Joyce employs in presenting this theme.50.What makes Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn more than a child's adventure story? Briefly discuss the question from THREE of the following aspects: the setting, the language, the character （s）, the theme and the style.2001年4月英美文学选读试卷II. Reading Comprehension41. "And the native hue of resolution/Is sicklied o‟er with the pale cast of thought." (Shakespeare, Humlet)Questions:A. What does the "native hue of resolution" mean?B. What does the "pale cast of thought" stand for?C. What idea do the two lines express?Answers:A. determination (determinedness, action, activity, ...)B. consideration (indecision, inactiv ity, hesitation, ...)C. Too much thinking (consideration,...) made (makes) activ ity (action) impossible.42. "Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere; /Destroyer and Preserver; hear, O hear!" Questions:A. Identify the poem and the poet.B. What is the "Wild Spirit"?C. What does the "Wild Spirit" destroy and preserve?Answers:A. Shelley‟s "Ode to the West Wind"B. The West Wind; "breath of Autumn‟s being"C. It destroys things/thoughts/ideas that are dead (obsolete, ...); it preserves new life (or seeds that represent new life or new birth).43. "When the minister spoke from the pulpit, with power and fervid eloquence, and, with his hands on the open bible, of the sacred truths of our religion, and of saint-like lives and triumphant deaths, and of future bliss or misery unutterable, then did Goodman Brown turn pale, dreading, lest the roof should thunder down upon the gray blasphemer and his hearers.Questions:A. Identify the title of the short story from which this part is taken.B. What had happened in the story before this church scene?C. Why was Goodman Brown afraid the roof might thunder down?Answers:A. Hawthorne‟s Young Goodman Brown.B. Brown had attended a witches‟ party where he saw many prominent people of the village, the minister included.C. Brown was shocked by the minister, secretly a member of the evil club, who could talk about sacred truths of the religion openly and unashamedly. He thought God would punish such hypocrites down on them.44. (A lot of common objects have been enumerated before, and here are the last two lines of There Was a Child Went Forth :)The horizon‟s edge, the flying sea-crow, the fragrance of salt marsh and shore mud. These became part of that child who went forth every day, and who now goes, and will always go forth every day.Questions:A. Who is the author of this poem?B. What does the "Child" stand for in the poem?C. In one or two sentences, interpret the implied meaning of the two lines.Answers:A. Walt Whitman.B. The young growing America.C. The poet uses his childhood experience of growing up and learning about the world around him to imply that young America will grow and develop like that.第二部分非选择题III. Questions and Answers45. "‟My boy!‟ said the old gentleman, leaning over the desk. Oliver started at the sound. He might be excused for doing so, for the words were kindly said, and strange sounds frighten one. He trembled violently, and burst into tears." (Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist) Explain why the boy [Oliver Twist] started first, then trembled violently and burst into tears when the words were "kindly" said.Answers:The boy started at the words because kind words were not expected; it is (was, must be) the first time in all his life that the boy [Oliver Twist] had ever been "kindly" greeted; strange sounds may predict another suffering/misfortune/torture/...) (At least one example from the text is expected to back up the above statement)46. Here is the last stanza of Byron‟s "The Isles of Greece":Place me on sunium‟s mardle steep,Where nothing, save the waves and I,There, swan-like, let me sing and die:May hear our marbled murmurs sweep;A land of slaves shall ne‟er b e mine ---Dash down you cup of Samian wine!Determine the speaker first and then discuss BRIEFLY the main idea of the stanza or of the whole excerpt. You may want to consider the possible implications of the last two lines. Answers:A. The speaker is a Greek singer (or Byron in a Greek Singer‟s disguise or Byron speaks through a Greek singer).B. The excerpt presents a strong resentment for the Turk‟s conquest of Greece and calls on the Greek people to rise and fight for freedom.C. Thus, the last line may suggest resolution to take immediate action to free Greece from enslavement.47. Why are naturalists inevitably pessimistic in their view?Please discuss the above question in relation to the basic principles of literary naturalism. Answers:A. They accept the negative implication of Darwin‟s theory of evolution, and believe that society is a "jungle" where survival struggles go on.B. They believe that man‟s instinct, the environment and other social and economic forces play an overwhelming role and man‟s fate is "determined" by such forces beyond his control.48. "Even then he stood there, hidden wholly in that kindness which is night, while the uprising fumes filled the room. When the odor reached his nostrils, he quit his attitude and fumbled for the bed.‟What‟s the use?‟ he said, weakly, as he stretched himself to rest."They above is quoted from Thoedore Dreiser‟s Sister Carrie. Briefly tell the situation that leads to the suicide and interpret Hurstwood‟s final words -"What‟s the us e?" Answers:A. Sister Carrie has made a great success. As her fame arises, she deserts her former lover Hurstwood. In a cold winter, Hurstwood makes a last attempt to seek help from Carrie, but has failed, so I desperation, he decides to kill himself by turning on the gas.B. By making that comment, Hurstwood seems to have realized that it is useless to continue to fight against fate. His fate is not controlled by his own efforts but by some social forces too strong for him to resist, so he decides to give up.IV. Topic Discussion49. Daniel Defoe‟s novel Robinson Crusoe was a great success partly because the protagonist was a real middle-class hero. Discuss Crusoe, the protagonist of the novel, as an embodiment of the rising middle class virtues in the mid-eighteenth century England. Answers:A. Social background: The Eighteenth Century England witnessed the growing importance of the bourgeois or middle class.a. The Industrial Revolutionb. The expansion of international markets;c. Values/virtues/moral standards/...different from those of the feudal aristocratic class -courageous, full of energy, hard working, practical, resourceful, self-reliant, etc; thusd. Literature should give/provide a realistic presentation of the life of the common people; it should meet the demand/interest of the middle class people.B. Robinson Crusoe embodies the virtue of the middle class people.a. Crusoe as an adventurous/courageous man full of energy and courage: (example from the text):b. Crusoe as a practical man: (example from the text);c. Crusoe as a resourceful/self-reliant man: (example from the text);d. Crusoe as a patient/persistent man: (example from the text);e. And others.50. Mark Twain presented the 19th century America in his own unique way. Discuss Twain‟s art of fiction: the setting, the language, and the characters, etc., based on his novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Answers:A. Mark Twain uses the Mississippi alley as his fictional kingdom, writing about the landscape and people, the customs and the dialects of one particular region, and is therefore known as a local colorist.B. He creates life-like characters, especially the unconventional Huckleberry Finn, who runs away from civilization and stands opposite to conventional village morality.C. He uses a simple, direct vernacular language, totally different from any precious literary language. It is the kind of colloquial belonging to the lower class, the liv ing local American English.D. He has created a special humor to satirize and the decayed convention.2002年4月份全国高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604PAR T TWOⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41.“Her eyes met his and h e looked away.He neither believed nor disbelieved her,but he knew that he had made a mistake in asking;he never had known,never would know,what she was thinking.The sight of her inscrutable face,the thought of all the hundreds of evenings he had seen her sitting there like that,soft and passive,but so unreadable, unknown, enraged him beyond measure.”Questions:A.Identify the writer and the work.B.What does the phrase “inscrutable face” mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?42.“And when I am formulated,sprawling on a pin,When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall.Then how should beginTo spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways.”Questions:A.Identify the poem and the poet.B.What does the phrase “butt-ends” mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?43.“God knows,…I'm not myself—I'm somebody else—…and I'm changed,and I can't tell what's my name,or who I am.”Questions:A.Identify the work and the author.B.The speaker says he is changed.Do you think he is changed, or the social environment has changed?C.What idea does the quoted sentence express?44.“I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.”Questions:A.Idenfity the poem and the poet.B.What does the phrase “ages and ages hence” mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?Ⅲ.Questions and Answers(24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English.Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45.As a rule,an allegory is story in verse or prose with a double me aning: a surface meaning,and an implied meaning.List two works as examples of allegory.What is an allegory usually concerned with by its implied meaning?46.Inspiration for the romantic approach initially came from two great shapers of thought.Who are the two?And what ideas they expressed inspire the romantic writers?47.The white whale,Moby Dick,is the most important symbol in Melville's novel.What symbolic meaning can you draw from i t?48.Nature is a philosophic work, in which Emerson gives an explicit discussion on his idea of the Qversoul.What is your understanding of Emersonian “Oversoul”?Ⅳ.Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49.How is Romanticism different from Neoclassicism?Provide brief evidence from the literary works you know best.50.Summerize the story of Mark twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in about 100 words,and comment on the theme of the novel.浙江省2002年7月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604Ⅰ.Find the items in the right column which fit the left column the best and write the letters on the answer sheet.(10%)1.Because I could not stop for Death A.William Wordsworth2.local colorist B.sentimentalists3.international theme C.Ezra Pound4.Graveyard School D.Mark Twain5.worshipper of nature E.William Faulkner6.A Rose for Emily F.Henry James7.Charles Lamb G.Emily Dickinson8.The Sketch Book H.essayist9.Imagist I.William Blake10.Songs of Innocence J.Washington IrvingⅡ.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook.Then write your answer on theAnswer Sheet.(20%)1.____was the first American writer toconceive his career in international terms.2.In the plays of Shakesp eare‟s last period,there is a prevalent ____ teaching of atonement.3.John Bunyan wrote his ____ during his second term in prison.4.____‟s essays is the frist example of that genre in English Literature,which has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English prose.5.Henry adopted ____,in which the author becomes the “all-knowing God.”6.____is regarded as the first American prose epic.7.This particular concern about the local character of aregion came about as “____,”a unique var iation of American literary realism.8.Human sexuality was,to Lawrence,a symbol of ____.9.The characters in Charles‟ works are impressive not only because they are true to life,but also because they are often ____.10.As a leading Romanticist,Byron‟s chief contribution is his creation of the “____,” a proud,mysterious rebel figure of noble origin.Ⅲ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and write you answer on the Answer Sheet.(10%)1.Shakespeare‟s ____ are mainly written under the principle that national unity unde r a mighty and just sovereign is a necessity.A.history playsB.tragediesediesD.plays2.Wordsworth thought that ____ is the only subject of literary interest.A.nationB.past experiencemon lifeD.nature3.____ is the first important English essayist and the founder of modern science in England.A.Francis BaconB.Edmund SpenserC.William CarxtonD.Sidney4.Which of the below is NOT written by James Joyce?A.DublinersB.A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManC.UlyssesD.Leather-Stocking Tales5.____is regarded as the first American prose epic.A.WastelandB.Moby-DickC.Song of MyselfD.The Scarlet Letter6.____has always been regarded as a writer who “perfected the best classic style that American Literature ever produced.”A.Washington IrvingB.EmersonC.HawthorneD.Joyce7.Which is not the main concern of Emily Dickinson‟ poetry?A.her own experienceB.natureC.loveD.industrialization8.The Catcher in the Rye is regarded as a ____.A.Jewish‟s classicB.black‟s classicC.student‟s classicD.student‟s herald9.Fitzgerald never spared an intimate touch in his fiction to deal with ____ of the American Dream.A.the bankruptcyB.the successC.the fulfillmentD.the forming10.____ is Hemingway‟s first true novel.A.In Our TimeB.For Whom the Bell TollsC.The Sun Also RisesD.The Old Man and the SeaⅣ.For each of the questions listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work.Then write your answer on the Answer Sheet.(20%)1.“For oft,when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.”2.“It is a truth universally acknowledged,that a single man in possession of a good fortune,must be in want of a wife.However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on hisfirst entering a neighborhood,this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families,that he is considered as the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters.”3.“Do you think I can stay to be come nothing to you?Doyou think I am an automaton?-a machine without feelings?And can bear to have my morsel of bread snatched from my lips,and my drop of living water dashed from my cup?Do you think,because I am poor,obscure,plain,and little,I am soulless and heartless?-You think wrong!”4.“…Oh sir,she smiled,no doubt,Whene‟er I passed her;but who passed withoutMuch the same smile?This grew,I gave commandsThen all smiles stopped together.”5.“But she began to spare her hands.They,too,were work-gnarled now,the skin was shiny with so much hot water, the knuckles rather swollen.But she began to be careful to keep them out of soda.She regretted what they had been-so samll and exquisite.”Ⅴ.Give brief answers to the following questions.Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.(20%)1.What are the major themes of modernist literature?2.What‟s the theme of The Waste Land?3.How do you philosophically define Transcendentalism?4.What‟s the style of Emerson‟s essays?Ⅵ.Short Essay Questions:Write the answer on the Answer Sheet. (20%)1.List the main qualities of Edmund Spenser‟s Poetry.2.Give a brief discussion of Whi t man‟s style and language.2003年4月英美文学选读试卷PAR T TWOⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41. “The boast of heraldry, the pomp of power,And all that beauty, all that wealth e‟er gave.Awaits the inevitable hour.The paths of glory lead but to the grave.”Questions:A. Identify the author and the title of the poem from which this passage is taken.B. What does the phrase “inevitable hour” mean?C. Write out the main idea of the passage in plain English.42. “A violet by a mossy stoneHalf hidden from the eye!－Fair as a star, when only oneIs shining in the sky.”Questions:A. Identify the author and the title of the poem from which this stanza is taken.B. Pick out the metaphor used in this stanza.C. What quality does the author intend to show by using the metaphor?43. “We passed The School, where Children stroveAt Recess－in the Ring－We passed The Fields of Gazing GrainWe passed The Setting Sun－”Questions:A. Who is the author of this stanza taken from the poem “Because I cou ld not stop for Death－B. ?C. What do the underlined parts symbolize?D. Where were “we” heading toward?44. “It was you that broke the new wood.Now is a time for carving.We have one sap and one root－Let there be commerce between us.”Questions:A. Whom does the “us” refer to?B. What does the phrase “broke the new wood” mean here?C. What is the intention of the poet in writing the poem “A Pact” from which these lines are taken?Ⅲ.Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45.In Chapter 15 of Wuthering Heights, Heath cliff said to Catherine: “Why did you betray your own, Cathy?... You loved me－then what right have you to leave me?... I have not broken your heart－you have broken it－and in breaking it, you have broken mine.”Taking the whole novel into consideration, do you think Heathcliff‟s above accusation of Catherine‟s betrayal can be justified? If you think so, what reasons does Catherine have to betray Heathcliff and their love?46.John Bunyan‟s The Pilgrim‟s Progress is generally regarded as a religious allegory. What does the work symbolically concern? What is the predominant metaphor that is carried on through the whole work? And what is the author‟s purpose in writing such a book?47. The following passage is taken from The Merchant of Venice. R ead i t carefully and find the dramatic it contains. Use i t as an example to illustrate what dramatic irony is.“Bassanio: Antonio, I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, my wife, and all world,Are not wi t h me esteem‟d above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them allHere to this devil, to deliver you.Portia: Your wife would give you little thanks for that,If she were by to hear you make the offer.”48. What is the most famous theme in Henry James′s fiction? And what is his favourite approach in characterization, which makes him different from Mark and W. D. Howells as realists? Give two titles of his works in which this theme and this approach are employed.Ⅳ.Topic Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49.In Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen explored three kinds of motivations of marriage the middle-class people had in the second half of the 18th century. Try to make a brief discussion about them wi t h specific examples from the novel. Make comments on Austen‟s atti t ude towards these motivations.50.Retell in a few sentences the story of the last chapter (Ch, 135) “The Chase－Third Day” of Melville‟s novel Moby-Dick. Discuss the meaning of the ending of the story.浙江省2003年7月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604Ⅰ.Find the items in the right column which fi t the left column the best and write your letters on the Answer Sheet.(10%)1.Chaucer A. Mary Ann Evans2.Hamlet B. The father of English poetry3.Coleridge C. Jane Austen4.The Waste Land D. T.S.Eliot5.Theodore Dreiser E. John Milton6.Carl Jung F. Collective Unconscious7.self-reliance G. An American Tragedy8.Greorge Eliot H. blood and thunder thrille9.Pride and Prejudice I. Ralph Waldo Emerson10.Paradise Lost J Lake PoetⅡ.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook.(20%)1.In the field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works. This tendency is known as .2.Swift is one of the greatest masters of English prose. He is almost unsurpassed in the writing of simple, direct, precise prose. He defined a good style as “_______.”3.Wordsworth is regarded as a “_______.”He can penetrate to the heart of things and giv e the reader the very life of nature.4._______ is the most distinguishing feature of Charles Dickens‟ works.5.In his long dramatic career, Shaw wrote more than _______ plays.6.James Joyce is regarded as the most prominent _______ novelist, concentrating on the revealing in his novels the psychic being of the characters.7.Galsworthy is essentially a bourgeois liberal, a_______.8.Structurally and thematically, Shaw followed the great tradition of _____.9.Most of Faulkner‟s works are about people from a small region in _______, Yoknapatawpha County.10.In Our Times is the first book to present a Hemingway hero—_______.Ⅲ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and wri te you answer on the Answer Sheet.(10%)1._______ is regarded as “worshipper of nature.”A. ColeridgeB. WordsworthC. T.S.EliotD. Robert Browning2.Marlowe‟s play Dr.Faustus is based on _______ of a magician aspiring for knowledge and finally meeting his tragic end as a result of selling his soul to the devil.A. the ScandinavianB. the GermanC. the ancient EnglishD. the French3.Who defined a good style as “proper words in proper places?”A. Jonathan SwiftB. Charles DickensC. Edmund SpencerD. George Bernard Shaw4._______ is central to Blake‟s concern in the Sogns of Innocence andSongs of Experience?A. innocence and experienceB. the poorC. societyD. childhood5.As a novelist _______ wrote within a very narrow sphere, the provincial life of the late 1818-century England.A. Jonathan SwiftB. Jane AustenC. Thomas HardyD. Henry Fielding6.“Trust thyself,” Emerson wrote in his_______.。
英美文学选读真题和答案 (6)
202X年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英美文学选读真题请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上Ⅰ. Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.1．The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely ______________. A．William Langland’ s Piers Plowman B．Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury TalesC．John Gower’s Confession Amantis D．Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2．The tragedy of Dr. Faustus, the protagonist in Christopher Marlowe’s The Tragic History ofDr. Faustus , is the very fact that______________.A．man is confined to timeB．he tried to join Africa to SpainC．he became a man without soul after he sold itD．he conjured up Helen, the lady who was partially responsible for the breaking-up of the Trojan War3．The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day〞is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare’s ______________. A．comedies B．tragediesC．sonnets D．histories4．Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from ______________.A．the Renaissance B．the Old TestamentC．Greek Mythology D．the New Testament5．Spenser’s masterpiece _____________ is a great poem of its time.A．The Faerie Queene B．The Shepheardes CalenderC．The Canterbury Tales D．Metamorphoses6．______________ is the essence of the Renaissance.A．Poetry B．DramaC．Humanism D．Reason7．The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare and ______________.A．John Milton B．John MarloweC．Ben Jonson D．Edmund Spenser8．“To be, or not to be—that is the question〞is a line taken from______________.A．Hamlet B．OthelloC．King Lear D．The merchant of venice9．Francis Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and ______________.A．complicity B．complexityC．powerfulness D．mildness10．Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that ______________.A．the former celebrates reason, rationality, order and instruction while the latter sees literature as an expression of an复习文档individual’s feeling and experiencesB．the former is heavily religious but the latter secularC．the former is an intellectual movement, the purpose of which is to arouse the middle class for political rights while the latter is concerned with the personal cultivationD．the former advocates the “return to nature〞whereas the latter turns to the ancient Greek and Roman writers for its models.11．Daniel Defoe describes ______________ as a typical English Middle- class man of the eighteenth century, the very prototype of the empire builder or the pioneer colonist.A．Tom Jones B．GulliverC．Moll Flanders D．Robinson Crusoe12．______________ is a typical feature of Swift’s writings.A．Bitter satire B．Elegant styleC．Casual narration D．Complicated sentence structure13．The Pilgrim’s Progress by John Bunyan is often said to be concerned with the search for ______________. A．material wealth B．spiritual salvationC．universal truth D．self- fulfillment14．Alexander Pope strongly advocated ______________ , emphasizing that literary works should be judged by rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum.A．Sentimentalism B．RomanticismC．Idealism D．Neoclassicism15．“Metaphysical poetry〞refers to the works of the 17th- century writers who wrote under the influence of ______________.A．John Donne B．Alexander PopeC．Christopher Marlowe D．John Milton16．It is generally regarded that Keats’ s most important and mature poems are in the form of ______________.A．ode B．elegyC．epic D．sonnet17．______________ is the most outstanding stream of consciousness novelist, with ___________ as his encyclopedia – like masterpiece .A．James Joyce, Ulysses B．E.M. Foster, A Passage to IndiaC．D.H. Lawrence, Sons and Lovers D．Virginia Woolf, Mrs Dalloway18．Which of the following poems is a landmark in English poetryA．Lyrical Ballads by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB．“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud〞by William WordsworthC．“Remorse 〞by Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD．Leaves of Grass Walt Whitman19．The literary form which is fully developed and the most flourishing during the Romantic Period is ______________. A．prose B．dramaC．novel D．poetry20．Which of the following poems by T.S. Eliot is hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th century English poetry A．Poems 1909-1925 B．The Hollow ManC．Prufrock and Other Observations D．The Waste Land复习文档21．“My last Duchess〞is a poem that best exemplifies Robert Browning’s ______________.A．sensitive ear for the sounds of the English languageB．excellent choice of wordsC．mastering of the metrical devicesD．use of the dramatic monologue22．Dickens’ works are characterized by a mingling of ______________ and pathos.A．humor B．satireC．passion D．metaphor23．Walt Whitman, whose ______________ established him as the most popular American poet of the 19th century. A．Leaves of Grass B．Go Down, MosesC．The Marble Faun D．As I Lay Dying24．______________ has always been regarded as a writer who “perfected the best classic style that American Literature ever produced〞.A．Edgar Ellen Poe B．Walt WhitmanC．Henry David Thoreau D．Washington Irving25．The Romantic Period, one of the most important periods in the history of American literature, stretches from the end of ______________ to the outbreak of ____________.A．the 17th century…the American War of IndependenceB．the 18th century…the American Civil WarC．the 17th century…the American Civil WarD．the 18th century…the U.S. – Mexican War26．Which of the following statements is NOT true of American TranscendentalismA．It can be clearly defined as a part of American Romantic literary movement.B．It can be defined philosophically as “the recognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intuitively〞.C．Ralph Waldo Emerson was the chief advocate of this spiritual movement.D．It sprang from South America in the late 19th century.27．The theme of Washington Irving’s Rip Van Winkle is ______________.A．the conflict of human psyche B．the fight against racial discriminationC．the familial conflict D．the nostalgia for the unrecoverable past28．The unofficial manifesto for the Transcendental Club was ______________, Emerson’s first little book, which established him ever since as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.A．The American Scholar B．Self—relianceC．Nature D．The Over—Soul29．Nathaniel Hawthorne held an unceasing interest in the “interior of the heart 〞of man’s being. So in almost every book he wrote, Hawthorne discusses______________.A．love and hatred B．sin and evilC．frustration and self—denial D．balance and self—discipline30．In Young Goodman Brown by Hawthorne, the name of Goodman Brown’s wife is ______________, which also contains many symbolic meanings.A．Ruth B．HesterC．Faith D．Mary31．Which of the following statements might be true of the theme of Song of Myself by Whitman复习文档A．This poem describes the growth of a child who learned about the world around him and improved himself accordingly. B．This poem shows the author’s cynical sentiments against the American Civil War.C．This poem reflects the author’s belief in Unitarianism or Deism.D．This poem reflects the author’s belief in the singularity and equality of all beings in value.32．In Moby—Dick, the white whale symbolizes ______________ for Melville, for it is complex, unfathomable, malignant, and beautiful as well.A．nature B．human societyC．whaling industry D．truth33．Realism was a reaction against Romanticism or a move away from the bias towards romance and self—creating fictions, and paved the way to ______________.A．Cynicism B．ModernismC．Transcendentalism D．Neo—Classicalism34．Hemingway once described Mark Twain’s novel ______________ the one book from which “all modern American literature comes〞.A．The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn B．The Adventures of Tom SawyerC．The Gilded Age D．The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg35．__________ is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th—century “stream—of—consciousness〞novels and the founder of psychological realism.A．Theodore Dreiser B．William FaulknerC．Henry James D．Mark Twain36．Which of the following statements is NOT true of Emily Dickinson and her poetryA．She remained unmarried all her lifeB．She wrote, 1,775 poems, and most of them were published during her life time.C．Her poems have no titles, hence are always quoted by their first lines.D．Her limited private world has never confined the limitless power of her creativity and imagination.37．As a genre, naturalism emphasized ______________ as important deterministic forces shaping individualized characters who were presented in special and detailed circum-stances.A．theological doctrinesB．heredity and environmentC．education and hard workD．various opportunities and economic success38．Ezra Pound, a leading spokesman of the “______________〞, was one of the most important poets in his time. A．Imagist Movement B．Cubist MovementC．Reformist Movement D．Transcendentalist Movement39．Eugene O’Neill’s first full—length play, ______________, won him the first Pulitzer Prize. Its theme is the choice between life and death, the interaction of subjective and objective factors.A．Bound East for Cardiff B．The Hairy ApeC．Desire Under the Elms D．Beyond the Horizon40．Hemingway’s “Indian Camp 〞is one of the fourteen short stories collected under the title of ______________. This title is very ironic because there is no peace at all in the stories.A．Three Stories and Ten Poems B．Across the River and into the TreesC．The Green Hills of Africa D．In Our Time复习文档Ⅱ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41．“For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,they flash upon that inward eye〞Questions:A．Identify the anthor and the title.B．What does the phrase “inward eye〞meanC．Write out the main idea of the passage in plain English.42．“The duties of her married life, contemplated as so great beforehand, seemed to be shrinking with the furniture and the white vapour—walled landscape. The clear heights where she expected to walk in full communion had become difficult to see even in her imagination; the delicious repose of the soul on a complete superior had been shaken into uneasy effort and alarmed with dim presentiment. When would the days begin of that active wifely devotion which was to strengthen her huXand’s life and exalt her own〞Questions:A．Identify the author and the title of the story from which the passage is taken.B．Explain the meaning of “the white vapour—walled landscape〞C．How do you undersdand “the delicious repose of the soul on a complete superior〞43．“It was you that broke the new wood,Now is a time for carving.We have one sap and one root—Let there be commerce between us.〞Questions:A．Whom does the “us〞refer toB．What does the phrase “broke the new wood 〞mean hereC．What is the intention of the poet in writing the poem “A Pact〞from which these lines are taken44．“There was music from my neighbor’s house through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft, or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor—boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes over cataracts of foam. On week—ends his Rolls—Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in the morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with mops and scrubbing—brushes and hammers and garden—shears, repairing the ravages of the night before.〞Questions:A．Identify the author and the title of the novel from which this passage is taken.B．What can you imply by reading this passageC．What do the “moths 〞symbolizeⅢ.Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English .Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.复习文档45．William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights the world has ever known.(1)Name his four greatest tragedies.(2)What are the characteristics of the four tragedies in common(3)Briefly summarize each hero’s weakness of nature.46．“Though his fair daughter’s self, as I avowedAt starting, is my object. Nay, we’ll goTogether down, sir. Notice Neptune, though,Taming a sea horse, though a rarity,Which Claus of InnXruck cast in bronze for me! 〞The lines above are taken from Robert Browning’s “My Last Duchess.〞Taking the whole poem into consideration, what kind of person do you think the duke is47．What is generally the view Washington lrving expressed in his “Rip Van Winkle〞about the radical changes that happened to the American society in his time48．What is the most famous theme in Henry James’s fiction And what is his favourite approach in characterization, which makes him different from Mark Twain and W.D. Howells as realists Give two titles of his works in which this theme and this approach are employed.Ⅳ. Topic Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49．Analyze the character of Jane Eyre based on the selection taken from Chapter X X Ⅲof Jane Eyre. 50．Symbolism is an important literary practice in literature and it has been widely used by many American writers. Discuss the way symboliom is used in Faulkner’s story “A Rose for Emily.〞复习文档。
英美文学选读 习题9
AWilliam Faulkner
BJack London
CHerman Melville
DNathaniel Hawthorne
答：
答案：A
【题型：论述】【分数：10分】得分：0分
[6]"A Modest Proposal" is a satire written by Swift and it is generally taken as a perfect model of satire. Gulliver's Travels is Swift's masterpiece. Based on them, discuss why Swift is a master satirist.
【题型：简答】【分数：4分】得分：0分
[8]The white whale, Moby Dick is endowed with symbolic meaning. What do you think it symbolizes?
答：
答案：To Ahab, the whale is an evil creature or the agent of an evil force that controls the universe.
Questions:
A. From which work is this quotation taken?
B. Which character is speaking?
C. What does this work expose?
答：
答案：Bernard Shaw, Mrs. Warren's Profession, Vivie, economic exploitation, women and society
英美文学选读英国部分第一章文艺复兴时期
英美文学选读中文翻译及重点习题答案英国文学(AMERICAN LITERATURE)第一章文艺复兴时期(The Renaissance Period)二、背景知识(Background knowledge)1、历史文化背景(Historical and cultural background)(1)文艺复兴是从中世纪向近代过渡时期发生在欧洲许多国家的一场思想文化运动。
它是在一些历史因素的合力作用下而引发的，如对希腊罗马古典文化的重新发现，宗教改革运动，地理和自然科学领域的探索，以及资本主义经济的扩张等。
(2)人文主义是文艺复兴的主要特征。
它颂扬人性，强调以“人”为本，宣传个性解放，反对神秘主义和中古神权，反对野蛮和兽性。
(3)16世纪的宗教改革导致了新教的创立。
英格兰同罗马教皇的决裂最初源于国王亨利八世决定与其第一位妻子离婚但遭到教皇否决。
宗教教义的改革则发生在后来的爱德华六世和女王伊丽莎白一世统治期间。
(4)工商业持续发展，中产阶级逐渐壮大，非神职人员获得受教育的机会，王权巩固，宫廷成为文化生活的中心，以及海外扩张和科学探索日益拓展人们的视野，所有这些都为文学提供了新的推动力和发展方向。
威廉·卡克斯顿首次将印刷术介绍到英国，使那里的出版社迅速增加，随之而来的是印刷书籍的繁荣。
2、英国文艺复兴时期文学的特点(Features of English Renaissance literature)(1) 诗歌(Poetry)开创文艺复兴时期一代新的华丽诗风的两个最重要的人物是菲利普·悉尼爵士和埃德蒙·斯宾塞。
在他们的抒情和叙事作品中，展现出一种词藻华丽、精雕细琢的文风。
到16世纪末，出现了两类新的诗歌风格。
第一类以约翰·邓恩和其他玄学派诗人为代表；第二类风格的典范是本·琼森和他所代表的流派。
英国文艺复兴时期的最后一位大诗人是清教作家约翰·密尔顿，他的诗歌具有惊人的震撼力和优雅的韵致，同时传达出深邃的思想。
《英美文学选读》习题与答案
《英美文学选读》（课程代码：00604）I.The following passage is an extract from Letter to Lord Chesterfield by Samuel Johnson, the leading figure of British neoclassicists. In 1747, when Samuel Johnson, began his Dictionary of the English language, Lord Chesterfield had at first indicated that he could be his patron, but when Johnson came to him for concrete help, Lord Chesterfield neglected him to the point of ignoring him; Johnson was insulted and furious. In 1775 when the Dictionary was published and acclaimed, Chesterfield openly recommended, hoping to get some credit for it as Johnson’s patron. Samuel Johnson wrote as reply his famous Letter to Lord Chesterfield in which he vented his feeling of hurt pride. Read it carefully, paying special attention to the rhetorical devices used, and answer the question. (20 points)①Is not patron, my lord, one who looked with unconcernupon man struggling for a life in the water, and when he hadreached to the safety of ground, encumbered him with help?②The notice you have taken of my Labour, had it beenearly, had been kind, but it had been delayed till I amindifferent, and can’t enjoy it; till I am solitary, and can’timpart it; till I am known, and do not want it. ③I hope thatit is no very asperity not to confess obligation where nobenefit have been received, or to be unwilling that thePublic should consider me as owing that to a patron, whichProvidence had enabled me to do for myself.Question:⑴what syntactic devices the author used in sentence ? And whatare their stylistic functions? (10 points)⑵point out the figure of speech used in sentences①and ③. (10 points)II. The following critical paper is about George Bernard Shaw’s famous drama “Pygmalion”. Read it carefully and answer the questions set on it. (20 points) 1 What we discover in Pygmalion is that phonetics and correct pronunciation are systems of markers superficial in themselves but endowed with tremendous social significance. Eliza's education in the ways that the English upper classes act and speak provides an opportunity for the playwright to explore the very foundations of social equality and inequality. Higgins himself observes that pronunciation is the deepest gulf that separates class from class and soul from soul. Playwright and character differ, however, in that instead of criticizing the existence of this gulf, Higgins accepts it as natural and uses his skills to help those who can afford his services (or are taken in as experiments, like Liza) to bridge it.2“At Mrs. Higgins's ““At Home reception,” Liza is fundamentally the same person she was in Act I, although she differs in what we learnto appreciate as superficialities of social disguise (according to Mugglestone): details of speech and cleanliness. Act III of Pygmalion highlights the importance of Liza's double transformation, by showing her suspended between the play's beginning and its conclusion. In modern society, however, as Shaw illustrates, it is precisely these superficial details which tend to be endowed with most significance. Certainly the Eynsford Hills view such details as significant, as Liza's entrance produces for them what Shaw's stage directions call “an impression of ... remarkable distinction and beauty.”3 Ironically, however, Liza's true transformation is yet to occur. She experiences a much more fundamental change in her consciousness when she realizes that Higgins has more or less abandoned her at the conclusion of his experiment.At first, Liza experiences a sense of anxiety over not belonging anywhere: she can hardly returnto flower peddling, yet she lacks the financial means to makeher new, outward identity a social reality. “What am I fit for?”She demands of Higgins. “What have you left me fit for? Wheream I to go? What am I to do? What's to become of me?” Berst wrote that while Pickering is generous, Eliza is shoved intothe wings by Higgins. The dream has been fulfilled, midnighthas tolled for Cinderella, and morning reality is at hand. Lizamust break away from Higgins when he shows himself incapableof recognizing her needs. This response of Higgins is well withinhis character as it has been portrayed in the play. Indeed, fromhis first exposure to Liza, Higgins denied Liza any social oreven individual worth. Calling Liza a squashed cabbage leaf, Higgins states that a woman who utters such depressing anddisgusting sounds has no right to be anywhere no right to live. Question 1: Explain what is Liza’s Double Transformation?(10 points)Question 2: What makes Liza feel she is in an embarrassing situation when she is transformed into a lady in speechand appearance? (10 points)III.The following critical essay is about Thomas Hardy’s most well-known tragic novel “Tess of d’Urbervilles”. Peruse it and then answer the questions set on it (30 points)The social background of Tess of d’Urbervilles was in a time of difficult social upheaval, when England was making its slow, painful transition from an old-fashioned, agricultural nation to amodern, industrial one. Businessmen and entrepreneurs, or “new money,” joined the ranks of the social elite, as some families of the ancient aristocracy, or “old money,” faded into obscurit y. Tess’s family in Tess of the d’Urbervilles illustrates this change, as Tess’s parents, the Durbeyfields, lose themselves in the fantasy of belonging to an ancient and aristocratic family, the d’Urbervilles.Hardy’s novel strongly suggests that such a f amily history is not only meaningless but also utterly undesirable. Hardy’s views on the subject were appalling to conservative and status-conscious British readers and Tess of the d’Urberville s was met in England with widespread controversy. Beyond her social symbolism, Tess represents fallen humanity in a religious sense, as the frequent biblical allusions in the novel remind us. Just as Tess’s clan was once glorious and powerful but is now sadly diminished, so too did the early glory of the first humans, Adam and Eve, fade with their expulsion from Eden, making humans sad shadows of what they once were. Tess thus represents what is known in Christian theology as original sin, the degraded state in which all humans live, even when—like Tess herself after killing Prince or succumbing to Alec—they are not wholly or directly responsible for the sins for which they are punished. This torment represents the most universal side of Tess: she is the myth of the human who suffers for crimes that are not her own and lives a life more degraded than she deserves.Angel represents a rebellious striving toward a personal vision of goodness A freethinking son born into the family of a provincial parson and determined to set himself up as a farmer instead of going to Cambridge like his conformist brothers,. He is a secularist who yearns to work for the “honor and glory of man,” as he tells his father in Chapter XVIII, rather than for the honor and glory of God in a more distant world. A typical young nineteenth-century progressive, Angel sees human society as a thing to be remolded and improved, and he fervently believes in the nobility of man. He rejects the values handed to him, and sets off in search of his own. His love for Tess, a mere milkmaid and his social inferior, is one expression of his disdain for tradition. This independent spirit contributes to his aura of charisma and general attractiveness that makes him the love object of all the milkmaids with whom he works at Talbothays. As his name—in French, close to “Bright Angel”—suggests, Angel is not quite of this world, but floats above it in a transcendent sphere of his own. The narrator says that Angel shines rather than burns and that he is closer to the intellectually aloof poet Shelley than to the fleshly and passionate poet Byron.His love for Tess may be abstract, as we guess when he calls her “Daughter of Nature” or “Demeter.” Tess may be more an archetype or ideal to him than a flesh and blood woman with a complicated life. Angel’s ideals of human purity are too elevated to be applied to actual people: Mrs. Durbeyfield’s easygoing moral beliefs are much more easily accommodated to real lives such as Tess’s. Angel awakens to the actual complexities of real-world morality after hisfailure in Brazil, and only then he realizes he has been unfair to Tess. His moral system is readjusted as he is brought down to Earth. Ironically, it is not the angel who guides the human in this novel, but the human who instructs the angel, although at the cost of her own life.Question 1: Why Tess is said to be a paragon of “fallen humanity”?(15 points)Question 2: Why Tess converted the idealist Angle into a realist Angle in terms of her own tragedy? (15 points)IV.The following paragraphs are taken from chapter VIII ofbook IV in Gulliver’s Travels. This section pictures an ideal rational existence, the Houyhnhnms kingdom whose life is governed by sense and moderation of which philosopherssince Plato have long dreamed. Read them and answer thefollowing questions. (30 points)1Courtship, love, presents, jointures, settlements haveno place in their thoughts, or terms whereby to expressthem in their language. The young couple meet,and are joined, merely because it is the determinationof their parents and friends; it is what they see doneevery day, and they look upon it as one of the necessaryactions of a reasonable being.2 But the violation of marriage, or any other unchastity,was never heard of; and the married pair pass their liveswith the same friendship and mutual benevolence, thatthey bear to all others of the same species who come intheir way, without jealousy, fondness, quarrelling, ordiscontent. When the matron Houyhnhnms have produced one of each sex, they no longer accompany with their consorts, except they lose one of their issue by some casualty, which very seldom happens; but in such a case they meet again; or when the like accident befalls a person whose wife is past bearing, some other couple bestow on him one of their own colts, and then go together again until the mother is pregnant. This caution is necessary, to prevent the country from being overburdened with numbers. But the race of inferior Houyhnhnms, bred up to be servants, is not so strictly limited upon this article: these are allowed to produce three of each sex, to be domestics in the noble families3 Every fourth year, at the vernal equinox, there is arepresentative council of the whole nation, which meets in a plain about twenty miles from our house, and continues about five or six days. Here they inquire into the state and condition of the several districts; whether they abound or be deficient in hay or oats, or cows, or Yahoos; and wherever there is any want (which is but seldom) it is immediately supplied by unanimous consent and contribution. Here likewise the regulation of children is settled: as for instance, ifa Houyhnhnm has two males, he changes one of them withanother that has two females; and when a child has been lost by any casualty, where the mother is past breeding, it is determined what family in the district shall breed another to supply the loss.Question1.The satire in this work is seen entirely in a discrepancybetween Swift and the Gulliver, the typical rational scientist in the age of enlightenment? Comment on it. (15points)Question2. In what ways does the author satirize the rationalism ofHouyhnhnms society, for example, the rational idea onmarriage, and the family-planning? (15 points)《英美文学选读》试卷参考答案I. 【20分】Answer:The author used repetition and parallelism to make this satirical prose daintier and more repugnant in tone. This piece of prose is typical of neoclassical prose which set great store by elegance of the language which was achieved by way of rhetorical richness. 【10分】The author used sarcasm in these two sentences to openly deny Lord Chesterfield’s patronage and attack his insolent and blatant behavior. The sarcasm made in a circumlocutious way renders this satirical prose more taunting and bitter. 【10分】II【20分】Question 1: What is Liza’s Double Transformation?Act III of Pygmalion highlights the importance of Liza's double transformation, by showing her suspended between the play's beginning and its conclusion. “At Mrs. Higgins's ““At Home reception,” Liza is fundamentally the same person she was in Act I, although she differs in what we learn to appreciate as superficialities of social disguise (according to Mugglestone): details of speech and cleanliness. In modern society, however, as Shaw illustrates, it is precisely these superficial details which tend to be endowed with most significance. Certainly the Eynsford Hills view such details as significant, as Liza's entrance produces for them what Shaw's stage directions call “animpression of ... remarkable distinction and beauty.” Ironically, however, Liza's true transformation is yet to occur. She experiences a much more fundamental change in her consciousness when she realizes that Higgins has more or less abandoned her at the conclusion of his experiment. 【10分】Question 2:What is Liza’s Predicament?Liza experiences a sense of anxiety over not belonging anywhere: she can hardly return to flower peddling, yet she lacks the financial means to make her new, outward identity a social reality. “What am I fit for?” She demands of Higgins. “What have you left me fit for? Where am I to go? What am I to do? What's to become of me?” While Pickering is generous, Eliza is shoved into the wings by Higgins. The dream has been fulfilled, midnight has tolled for Cinderella, and morning reality is at hand. Liza must break away from Higgins when he shows himself incapable of recognizing her needs. This response of Higgins is well within his character as it has been portrayed in the play. Indeed, from his first exposure to Liza, Higgins denied Liza any social or even individual worth. Calling Liza a squashed cabbage leaf, Higgins states that a woman who utters such depressing and disgusting sounds has no right to be anywhere no right to live. 【10分】III.【30分】Question 1: Why Tess is said to be a paragon of fallen humanity?Tess represents fallen humanity in a religious sense, as the frequent biblical allusions in the novel remind us. Just as Tess’s clan was once glorious and powerful but is now sadly diminished, so too did the early glory of the first humans, Adam and Eve, fade with their expulsion from Eden, making humans sad shadows of what they once were. Tess thus represents what is known in Christian theology as original sin, the degraded state in which all humans live, even when—like Tess herself after killing Prince or succumbing to Alec—they are not wholly or directly responsible for the sins for which they are punished. This torment represents the most universal side of Tess: she is the myth of the human who suffers for crimes that are not her own and lives a life more degraded than she deserves. 【15分】Question 2: Discuss why Tess changes the idealist Angle into a realist Angle in a tragic way?Angel is closer to the intellectually aloof poet Shelley than to the fleshly and passionate poet Byron. His love for Tess may be abstract, as we guess when he calls her “Daughter of Nature” or “Demeter.” Tess may be more an archetype or ideal to him than a flesh and blood woman with a complicated life. Angel’sideals of human purity are too elevated to be applied to actual people: Mrs. Durbeyfield’s eas ygoing moral beliefs are much more easily accommodated to real lives such as Tess’s. Angel awakens to the actual complexities of real-world morality after his failure in Brazil, and only then he realizes he has been unfair to Tess. His moral system is readjusted as he is brought down to Earth. Ironically, it is not the angel who guides the human in this novel, but the human who instructs the angel, although at the cost of her own life. 【15分】IV【30分】Question1. This work is called a satire which is seen entirely in a discrepancy between Swift and the Gulliver, the typical rational scientist in the age of enlightenment? Comment on it. 【15分】There are echoes of Plato’s Republic in the Houyhnhnms’rejection of light entertainment and vain displays of luxury, their appeal to reason rather than any holy writings as the criterion for proper action, and their communal approach to family planning.The Gulliver’s Travels is a book of subtle satire. The satire comes mainly from the discrepancy between Gulliver who is fitted out as the archetypal man of the enlightenment movement, susceptible to rationalism of 18th century. Swift on the other hand is very critical of his time, especially its rational thinking. Whereas Gulliver takes Houyhnhnm society as ideal utopia one, the author finds its rationality totally intolerable.Question2.In what ways does the author satirize the rational Houyhnhnms society, for example, the rational ideal on marriage, and the family-planning? 【15分】Paragons of virtue and rationality, the horses are also dull, simple, and lifeless. Their language is impoverished, their mating loveless, and their understanding of the complex play of social forces naïve. What is missing in the horses is exactly that which makes human life rich: the complicated interplay of selfishness, altruism, love, hate, and all other emotions. In other words, the Houyhnhnms’ society is perfect for Houyhnhnms, but it is hopeless for humans. Houyhnhnm society is, in stark contrast to the societies of the first three voyages, devoid of all that is human.But we may be less ready than Gulliver to take the Houyhnhnms as ideals of human existence. They have no names in the narrative nor any need for names, since they are virtually interchangeable, with little individual identity. Their lives seem harmonious and happy, although quite lacking in vigor, challenge, and excitement. Indeed, this apparent ease may be why Swift chooses to makethem horses rather than human types like every other group in the novel. He may be hinting, to those more insightful than Gulliver, that the Houyhnhnms should not be considered human ideals at all. In any case, they symbolize a standard of rational existence to be either espoused or rejected by both Gulliver and us.。
《英美文学选读》模拟试题(3)
《英美文学选读》模拟试题（三）一、单项选择题1.“All is not lost: the unconquerable will, and the study of revenge, immortal hate, and courage never to submit or yield: and what is else not to be overcome?”A. Dr. FaustusB. Paradise LostC. Paradise RegainedD. Tamburlaine2.Who, disregarding grammar and punctuation, always used “i” instead of “I” to refer to himself as a protest against self importance?A. CummingsB. Wallance StevensC. F. Scott. FitzgeraldD. Ernest Hemingway3.Which of the following best descri bes the speaker of T.S Eliot’s “the love song of J. Alfred Prufrock”?A. He is a man of an action.B. He is a man of apathy.C. He is a man of inactivity.D. All the above are not true.4.William Wordsworth asserts that poetry originates from .A. formB. thoughtsC. artistic devicesD. emotion5.“My Last Duchess” is a poem that best exemplifies RobberBrowning’s.A. sensitive ear for the sounds of the English languageB. excellent choice of wordsC. mastering of the metrical devicesD. use of the dramatic monologue6.“Man shall find grace.” But he must lay hold of it by an act of free will. The freedom of the will is the keystone of ____’s creed.A. MiltonB. Jonathan SwiftC. Henry FieldingD. Samuel Johnson7.In Coleridge’s “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,” the mariner suffers the horror of death, because _____.A. he experiences a shipwreckB. he is tortured with starvationC. he undergoes much sufferingD. he kills an albatross8.Henry Jame’s fame generally rests upon his novels and stories with _____.A. international themeB. national themeC. European themeD. regional theme9.In Hardy’s “Wessex” novels, there is an apparent _____ touch in his description of the simple and beautiful though primitive rural life.A. nostalgicB. humorousC. romanticD. sarcastic10.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between _____ and_____ centuries.A. 14th-mid--17thB. 16th-mid--17thC. 14th-mid--18thD. 16th-mid--19th11.Of the following poems by T.S.Eliot, which is hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th century English poetry?A. Poems 1909----1925B. The Hollow MenC. Prufrock and Other ObservationsD. The Waste Land12.“It is not so expressed, But what of that? Twere good you do so much for charity.” “What of that” in the above sentence means _____.A. this is very importantB. this is not importantC. this is trueD. this is not true13.Which of the following poems is a landmark in English Poetry?A. “Lyrical Ballads and Samuel Taylor Coleridge” by Will iam Wordsworth.B. “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” by William WordsworthC. “Remorse” by Samuel Taylor Coleridge.D. “Leaves of Grass” by Walt Whitman.14.Which of the following writings is praised by Hemingway as a book from which “all modern American li terature comes”？A. Tom Sawyer.B. Huckleberry Finn.C. The Gilded Age.D. Life on the Mississippi.15.In which of the following works, Hemingway presents his philosophy about life and death through the depiction of the bull-fight as a kind of microcosmic tragedy?A. The Green Hills of Africa.B. The Snows of Kilimanjaro.C. To have and Have Not.D. Death in the Afternoon.16.The protagonist of the poem “Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” is a kind of tragic figure caught in a sense of deafted idealism and tortured by satisfied desires. Of the following descriptions of him, which isn’t suitable for him?A. He is neurotic.B. He is self-important.C. He is illogical.D. He is a man of an action.17.“Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? /Thou art more l ovely and more temperate: /Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, /And summer’s lease hath all too short a date”, the above beautiful sonnets was written by _____.A. John DonneB. John MiltonC. William ShakespeareD. Francis Bacon18.Here is a s entence from an essay, “Read not to contradict and confuse, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider”. The essay must be _____.A. Of Studies by Francis BaconB. The Advancement of Learning by Francis BaconC. Novum Organum by Francis BaconD. Essays by Francis Bacon19.Which of the following is considered to be a better-structured novel?A. Women in LoveB. Sons and LoversC. The RainbowD. Lady Chatterley’s lover20.With so many poems such as “The Sparrow’s Nest,” “To a Skylark,” “To the Cuckoo” and “To a Butterfly”, William Wordsworth is regarded as a “____”.A. poet of geniusB. royal poetC. worshipper of natureD. conservative poet21.In the first part of Gulliver’s Travels, Gulliver told his experience in _____.A. LilliputB. BrobdingnagC. HouyhnhnmD. England22.“To be, or not to be----that is the question; whethertis nobler in the mind to suffer. The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, or to take arms against a sea of troubles, and by opposing end them?” Who said these words?A. King LearB. RomeoC. AntonioD. Hamlet23.“to be so distinguished is an honor, which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive or in what terms to acknowledge.”A. ironicB. jealousC. delightfulD. humorous24.In the theatrical world of the neoclassical period, was the leading figure among the host of playwrights.A. William BlakeB. Richard Brinsley SheridanC. Ben JohnsonD. George Bernard Shaw25.Among the works by John Milton, which is indeed the only generally acknowledge epic in English literature since Beowulf?A. Paradise RegainedB. Samson AgonistsC. AreopagiticaD. Paradise Lost26.Which writing is a typical example of Shakespe are’s pessimistic view towards human life and society in his late years?A. The TempestB. King LearC. HamletD. Othello27.Who, one of the most important poets in his time, is a leading spokesman of the “imagist movement”?A. J. D. SalingerB. Ezra PoundC. Richard WrightD. Ralph Emerson28._____ lays the foundation for modern science with his insistence on scientific way of thinking and fresh observation rather than authority as a basis for obtaining knowledge.A. Francis baconB. Thomas hardyC. Charles dickensD. William Blake29.Alexander pope strongly advocated , emphasizing that literary works should be judged by classical rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum.A. idealismB. neoclassicismC. romanticismD. sentimentalism30.Dickens’s works are characterized by a mingling of and pathos.A. metaphorB. passionC. satireD. humor31.“self-conceited”, “cruel” and “tyrannical” are most likely the names of the characters in .A. Robert Browning’s My Last DuchessB. Christopher Marlowe’s Dr. FaustusC. Shakespeare’s love’s Labour’s lostD. Sheridan’s the School for Scandal32.Who is the author of the writing “Moby Dick”?A. S. T .ColeridgeB. John KeatsC. Henry FieldingD. Herman Melville33.The sentences “studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability”, and “some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested;...” are quoted fromA. Novum OrganumB. Of Studies By BaconC. The Advancement Of LearningD. Essays34.The advancement of learning is a great tract on .A. historyB. literatureC. policyD. education35.Most of the poems in Whitman’s leaves of grass sing of the “en-mass” and the as well.A. natureB. lifeC. selfD. self reliance36.Which of the following is not true according to James Joyce?A. Ulysses has become a prime example of modernism in literature.B. Joyce is regarded as the most prominent stream of consciousness novelistC. Joyce is a realistic writer in English literature history.D. His novel “a portrait of the artist as a young man” is a naturalistic account of the hero’s bitter experiences and his final artistic and spiritual liberation.37.The following titles are all related to the subject that escapes from the society and returns to nature except .A. Dreiser’s Sister CarrieB. Copper’s Leather Stocking TalesC. Thoreau’s WaldenD. D Mark Twain’s The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn38.“Wild spirit, which art moving everywhere; destroyer and preserver; hear, Ohear!”The two lines are found in .A. Young Goodman Brown By HawthorneB. Ode To The West Wind By ShelleyC. Leaves Of Grass By Walt WhitmanD. Ulysses By Joyce39.“Even t hen he stood there, hidden wholly in that kindness which is night, while the uprising fumes filled the room. When the odor reached his nostrils, he quit his attitude and fumbled for the bed.‘What’s the use?’ he said, weakly, as he stretched himself to rest.”The passage is taken from .A. Sons And Lovers By LawrenceB. Jane Eyre By Charlotte BronteC. Sister Carrie By Thoedore DreiserD. Wuthering Heights By Emily Bronte40.Most recognizable literary movement that gave rise to the 20th century American literature, or we may say, the second American renaissance, isthe movement.A. leftistB. transcendentalC. expressionisticD. expatriate二、综合题1.Read the quoted part carefully and answer the questions in English.“I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o’er vales and hillsWhen all at once I saw a crowdA host, of golden daffodils;Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Flutteri ng and dancing in the breeze.”Questions:A. Identify the poem and the poet.B. In several sentences, interpret the meaning of this stanza.C. From the characteristics of this stanza, we can deduce which period it belongs to.2.Read the quoted part carefully and answer the questions in English.“I shall be telling this with a signSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I ---I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.”Question:A. Who is the author of the poem?B. Identify the title of the short poem from which this part is taken?C. In one or two sentences, interpret the implied meaning of the last two lines.3.Read the quoted part carefully and answer the questions in English.“That was the cause, but yet per accidents,For when we hear one rack the name of god,Abjure the scriptures and his Savoiour Christ,We fly in hope to get his glorious soul.”Question:A. Tell the title of the poem.B. What does “rock” mean?C. What is the play based on and give a brief introduction of it.4.Give brief answers to the question in English.In American literature what is the significance of “adventures of huckleberry Finn” by Mark Twain?5.Give brief answer to the question in English.What are the similarities and differences between the three literary giants? Howells, Mark Twain, Henry James, in terms of their literary orientation?6.Give brief answer to the question in English.What are gothic novels?7.Give brief answer to the question in English.How are naturalism and criticism reflected in Hardy’s novels?8.Write no less than 150 words on the topic in English.Try to discuss the theme of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s works.9.Write no less than 150 words on the topic in English.Enlightenment movement.10.Read the quoted part carefully and answer the questions in English.“The isles of Greece, isles of Greece!Where burning Sappho loved and sung,Where grew the arts of war and peace,Where Delos rose, and Phoebus sprung!Eternal summer gilds them yet,But all, except their sun, is set.”Question:A. Which writing is the stanza taken from? Who is the author?B. What does the “Sappho”mean?C. Try to explain the setting of the stanza.答案部分一、单项选择题1.【正确答案】 B2.【正确答案】 A3.【正确答案】 C4.【正确答案】 D5.【正确答案】 D6.【正确答案】 A7.【正确答案】 D8.【正确答案】 A9.【正确答案】 A10.【正确答案】 A11.【正确答案】 D12.【正确答案】 B13.【正确答案】 A14.【正确答案】 B15.【正确答案】 D16.【正确答案】 D17.【正确答案】 C18.【正确答案】 A 19.【正确答案】 A 20.【正确答案】 C 21.【正确答案】 A 22.【正确答案】 D 23.【正确答案】 A 24.【正确答案】 B 25.【正确答案】 D 26.【正确答案】 A 27.【正确答案】 A 28.【正确答案】 A 29.【正确答案】 B 30.【正确答案】 D 31.【正确答案】 A 32.【正确答案】 D 33.【正确答案】 B 34.【正确答案】 D 35.【正确答案】 C 36.【正确答案】 C 37.【正确答案】 A 38.【正确答案】 B 39.【正确答案】 C 40.【正确答案】 D二、综合题1.【正确答案】 A. “I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud” By William Wordsworth.B. Like a cloud flying over valleys and mountains, I was traveling. Suddenly to my surprise, I saw a grove of daffodils at the side of the lake, how beautiful they were, fluttering and dancing in the wind. This poem typically depicts the author respect for natureC. The Romantic Period2.【正确答案】 A. Robert lee FrostB. The Road Not TakenC. confronted dilemma, one should be decisive and “took the one less traveled”.3.【正确答案】 A. Dr. FaustusB. TormentC. It is based on the German legend of a magician aspiring for knowledge and finally meeting his tragic end as a result of selling his soul to the devil.4.【正确答案】The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and, especially, its sequence Adventures of Huckleberry Finn proved themselves to be the milestone in American literature, and thus firmly established Twain’s position in the literary world.The childhood of Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn in the Mississippi is a record of a vanished way of life in the pre-Civil War Mississippi valley and it has moved millions of people of different ages and conditions all over the world.Tom Sawyer, Huckleberry Finn marks the climax of Twain’s literary creativity. Hemingway once described the novel the one book forms which “a modern American literature comes.”5.【正确答案】 A. Mark Twain and Howells seemed to have paid more attention to the “life” of the Americans; Henry James had apparently laid a greater emphasis on the “inner world” of man.B. Howells focused his discussion on the rising middle class and the way they lived, while Twain preferred to have his own region and people at the forefront of his stories. This particular concern about the local character of a region about as “local colorist,” a unique variation of American literary realism.6.【正确答案】 A type of romantic fiction that predominated in the late 18th century, was one phase of the Romantic Movement. Its principal elements are violence, horror, and the supernatural, which strongly appeal to the reader’s emotion, with its descriptions of the dark, irrational side of human nature. The gothic form has exerted a great influence over the writers of the romantic period.7.【正确答案】In his works, man is shown inevitably bound by his own inherent natureand hereditary traits which prompt him to go and search for some specific happiness or success and set him in conflict with the environment.The outside nature—the natural environment or nature herself- is shown as some mysterious supernatural force, it likes to play practical jokes upon human beings by producing a series of mistimed actions and unfortunate coincidences.This pessimistic view of life predominates most of Hardy’s later works and earns him a reputation as a naturalistic writer.8.【正确答案】 A. In “Young Goodman Brown”, he sets out to prove that everyone possesses some evil secret.B. According to Hawthorne, “There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it toa ctivity.”C. In dealing with the theme of guilt and sin, Hawthorne exemplifies the “power of blackness”.9.【正确答案】 A. It was a progressive intellectual movement which flourished in France and swept through the whole Western Europe at the time. It was a furtherance of the renaissance of the 15th and 16th centuries.B. To enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas.10.【正确答案】 A. George Gordon Byron, Don Juan.B. An ancient Greek poetess known for her passionate love poems.C. The stanza was finished at the romantic period when Greece was under the rule of Turk. By contrasting the freedom of ancient Greece and the present enslavement the poet appealed to people to struggle for liberty.。
学历类《自考》自考专业(英语)《英美文学选读》考试试题及答案解析
学历类《自考》自考专业(英语)《英美文学选读》考试试题及答案解析姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________1、Opposition leaders will be watching carefully to see how the Prime Minister ________ the crisis.A、handlesB、conductsC、observesD、directs正确答案：A答案解析：A应付，对付，控制B引导，进行，实施C观察，监测，遵守D指导，监督2、Now many major employers are beginning to demand _______ the completion of schoolA、morethanB、ratherthanC、otherthanD、betterthan正确答案：A答案解析：morethan：多于，不只。
句意：现在很多雇主开始不仅仅要求学业的完成。
3、In the original test，all the animals in a test group are given a substance _______ half of them dieA、unlessB、untilC、lestD、provided正确答案：B答案解析：本题考查词义辨析。
until：直到。
符合句意，表示givenasubstance持续到halfofthemdie。
4、Nobody but you _______ what he said.A、agreeswithB、agreesoutC、agreewithD、agreeto正确答案：A答案解析：主语为nobody时，谓语动词用单数，如果主语被but,aswellas,with等短语修饰，谓语仍与主语的数保持一致。
该题易误选C、D，选D的原因在于词组记忆不清，用介词to时之后应加具体项目。
2002英美文学选读试卷及答案(2)(1)
2002英美文学选读试卷及答案(2)(1) part twoⅱreading comprehension41. "her eyes met his and he looked away. he neither believed nor disbelieved her, but he knew that he had made a mistake in asking; he never had known, never know, what she was thinking. the sight of her inscrutable face, the thought of all the hundreds of evenings he had seen her sitting there like that, soft and passive, but so unreadable, unknown, enraged him beyond measure."questions:a. identify the writer and the work.b. what does the phrase "inscrutable face" mean?c. what idea does the quoted passage express?answers:a. john galsworthy "the man of property"b. it means that in his eyes, she is mysterious and cannot be understood by him.c. it expresses that soames doesn’t understand his wife, irene, and the predominant possessive instinct of the forsytes and its effects upon the personal relationship of the family with the underlyingassumption that human relationship of the contemporary english society are merely and extension of property relationship.42. "and when i am formulated, sprawling on a pin,when i am pinned and wriggling on the wall,then how should i beginto spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways."questions:a. identify the poem and the poet.b. what does the phrase "butt-ends" mean?c. what idea does the quoted passage express?answers:a. t. s. eliot "the love song of j. alfred prufrock"b. it means the speaker’s unsatisfied desires.c. it expresses the speaker’s incapability of facing up to love and to life in a sterile upper-class world.43. "god knows, ... i’m not myself-i’m somebody else-- ... and i’m changed, and i can’t tell what’s my name, or who i am."questions:a. identify the work and author.b. the speaker says he is changed. do you think he is changed, or the social environment has changed?c. what idea does the quoted sentence express?answers:a. washington irving " rip van winkle"b. the social environment has changed.c. it expresses the background of the inevitably changing america.44. "i shall be telling this with a sighsomewhere ages and ages hence:two roads diverged in a wood, and i---i took the one less traveled by,and that has made all the difference."questions:a. identify the poem and the poet.b. what does the phrase "ages and ages hence" mean?c. what idea does the quoted passage express?answers:a. robert lee frost "the road not taken"b. it means a long time later from now.c. it expresses that man is learning form nature the zones of his own limitations.ⅲ. questions and answers45. as a rule, an allegory is a story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning, and an implied meaning. list two works and examples of allegory. what is an allegory usually concerned with by its implied meaning?。
2000年4月全国英美文学选读试题及答案
A.sarcastic
B.amusing
C.sentimental
D.facetious
15.The Pilgrim's Progress by John Bunyan is often said to be concerned with the search for _______ .
1.The sentence "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare's ________ .
edies
B.tragedies
C.sonnets
D.histories
A.material wealth
B.spiritual salvation
C.universal tห้องสมุดไป่ตู้uth
D.self-fulfillment
16.Alexander Pope strongly advocated _______, emphasizing that literary works should be judged by rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum.
A.ode
B.elegy
C.epic
D.sonnet
12.G.B.Shaw's play Mrs.Warren's Profession is a realistic exposure of the _______ in the English society.
英美文学选读 习题1
答案：survival|fittest|fate|mysterious |supernatural|force|impotent|Fate
【题型：阅读】【分数：4分】得分：0分
[3]1.“When the stars threw down their spears,
And water’d heaven with their tears,
Did he smile his work to see?
Did he who made the Lamb make thee ?”
Questions:
A. Who’s the poet of the quoted stanza?
B. Whom does the“he”refer to?
C. What does the“Lamb”symbolize?
Bromanticism
Ctranscendentalism
Dcubism
答：
答案：A
【题型：论述】【分数：10分】得分：0分
[2]Why is Hardy regarded as a naturalistic writer in English literature? Discuss in relation to his novels you know.
DD. A Farewell to Arms
答：
答案：C
【题型：阅读】【分数：4分】得分：0分
[7]
“‘Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you? So you think I am an automoton?—a machine without feelings? And can bear to have my morsel of bread snatched from my lips, and my drop of living water dashed from my cup? Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless?—You think wrong!—I have as much as you and full as much heart! And if God had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you. I am not talking to you now through the medium of custom, conventionalities, or even of mortal flesh:—it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at God’s feet, equal—as we are!’”
4月全国自考英美文学选读试题及答案解析
全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604全部题目用英文作答，并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上，否则不计分PART ONE (40 POINTS)I. Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your choice on the answer sheet.1.The most significant idea of the Renaissance is（）.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism2.Shakespeare’s tragedies include all the follow ing except（）.A. Hamlet and King LearB. Antony and Cleopatra and MacbethC. Julius Caesar and OthelloD. The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer Night’s Dream3.The statement “Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability”opens one of well-known essays by（）.A. Francis BaconB. Samuel JohnsonC. Alexander PopeD. Jonathan Swift4.In Hardy’s Wessex novels, there is an apparent（）touch in his description of the simple though primitive rural life.A. nostalgicB. humorousC. romanticD. ironic5.Backbite, Sneerwell, and Lady Teazle are characters in the play The School for Scandal by （）.A. Christopher MarloweB. Ben JonsonC. Richard Brinsley SheridanD. George Bernard Shaw6.Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a“（）in prose,”the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.A. tragic epicB. comic epicC. romanceD. lyric epic7.In his poem “Tyger, Tyger,”William Blake expresses his perception of the“fearful symmetry”of the big cat. The phrase“fearful symmetry”suggests（）.A. the tiger’s two eyes which are dazzlingly bright and symmetrically setB. the poet’s fear of the predator1C. the analogy of the hammer and the anvilD. the harmony of the two opposite aspects of God’s creation8.“What is his name?”“Bingley.”“Is he married or single?”“Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year.What a fine thing for our girls!”The above dialogue must be taken from（）.A. Jane Austen’s Pride and PrejudiceB. Emily Bronte’s Wuthering HeightsC. John Galsworthy’s The Forsyte SagaD. George Eliot’s Middlemarch9.The short story“Araby”is one of the stories in James Joyce’s collection（）.A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManB. UlyssesC. Finnegans WakeD. Dubliners10.William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following except（）.A. the using of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC. the humble and rustic life as subject matterD. elegant wording and inflated figures of speech11.Here are two lines taken from The Merchant of V enice:“Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew/Thou mak’st thy knife keen.”What kind of figurative device is used in the above lines?（）A. Simile. B. Metonymy.C. Pun.D. Synecdoche.12.“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?”is an epigrammatic line by（）.A. J. KeatsB. W. BlakeC. W. WordsworthD. P. B. Shelley13.The poems such as“The Chimney Sweeper”are found in both Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience by（）.A. William WordsworthB. William BlakeC. John KeatsD. Lord Gordon Byron14.John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress is often regarded as a typical example of（）.A. allegoryB. romanceC. epic in proseD. fable15.Alexander Pope strongly advocated neoclassicism, emphasizing that literary works should be judged by（）rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum.A. classicalB. romanticC. sentimentalD. allegorical16.In his essay“Of Studies,”Bacon said:“Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed,2and some few to be chewed and（）.”A. skimmedB. perfectedC. imitatedD. digested17.“For I have known them all already, known them all—/Have known the evenings, mornings, afternoons,/I have measured out my life with coffee spoons.”The above lines are taken from （）.A. Wordsworth’s “The Solitary Reaper”B. Eliot’s“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”C. Coleridge’s“Kubla Khan”D. Yeats’s“The Lake Isle of Innisfree”18.(The)（）was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.A. RomanticismB. HumanismC. EnlightenmentD. Sentimentalism19.A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of（）, who never pays any attention to human feelings.A. moralityB. justiceC. propertyD. humor20.The typical feature of Robert Browning’s poetry is the （）.A. bitter satireB. larger-than-life caricatureC. Latinized dictionD. dramatic monologue21.George Bernard Shaw’s play, Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a grotesquely realistic exposure of the（）.A. slum landlordismB. political corruption in EnglandC. economic oppression of womenD. religious corruption in England22.The story starting with the marriage of Paul’s parents Walter Morel and Mrs. Morel must be （）.A. Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’UrbervillesB. D. H. Lawrence’s Sons and LoversC. George Eliot’s MiddlemarchD. Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre23.In American literature the first important writer who earned an international fame on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean is（）.A. Washington IrvingB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Walt Whitman24.The American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne is known for his“black vision.”The term“black vision”refers to（）.A. Hawthorne’s observation that every man faces a black wallB. Hawthorne’s belief that all men are by nature evilC. that Hawthorne employed a dream vision to tell his story3D. that Puritans of Hawthorne’s time usually wore black clothes25.Theodore Dreiser was once criticized for his（）in style, but as a true artist his strength just lies in that his style is very serious and well calculated to achieve the thematic ends he sought.A. crudenessB. eleganceC. concisenessD. subtlety26.“He is the last of the romantic heroes, whose energy and sense of commitment take him in search of his personal Grail; his failure magnifies to a great extent the end of the American Dream.”The character referred to in the passage is most likely the protagonist of（）.A. Fitzgerald’s The Great GatsbyB. Dreiser’s An American TragedyC. Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell TollsD. Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn27.Almost all Faulkner’s heroes turned out to be tragic because（）.A. all enjoyed living in the declining American SouthB. none of them was conditioned by the civilization and social institutionsC. most of them were prisoners of the pastD. none were successful in their attempt to explain the inexplicable28.Yank, the protagonist of Eugene O’Neill’s play The Hairy Ape, talked to the gorilla and set it free because（）.A. he was mad, mistaking a beast for a humanB. he was told by the white young lady that he was like a beast and he wanted to see how closely he resembled the gorillaC. he was caged with the gorilla after he insulted an aristocratic strollerD. he could feel the kinship only with the beast29.In（）, Robert Frost compares life to a journey, and he is doubtful whether he will regret his choice or not when he is old, because the choice has made all the difference.A. “After Apple-Picking”B. “The Road Not Taken”C. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”D. “Fire and Ice”30.Though Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson were romantic poets in theme and technique, they differ from each other in a variety of ways. For one thing, whereas Whitman likes to keep his eye on human society at large, Dickinson often addresses such issues as（）, immortality, religion, love and nature.A. progressB. freedomC. beautyD. death31.The Romantic Writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the（）in the American literary history.A. individual feelingB. survival of the fittestC. strong imaginationD. return to nature32.Generally speaking, all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be4（）.A. transcendentalistsB. optimistsC. pessimistsD. idealists33.With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene,（）became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.A. SentimentalismB. RomanticismC. RealismD. Naturalism34.American writers after World War I self-consciously acknowledged that they were(a)“（）,”devoid of faith and alienated from the Western civilization.A. Lost GenerationB. Beat GenerationC. Sons of LibertyD. Angry Young Men35.In（）, Washington Irving agrees with the protagonist on his preference of the past to the present, and of a dream-like world to the real world.A. “Young Goodman Brown”B.“Rip Van Winkle”C. “Rappaccini’s Daughter”D.“Bartleby, the Scrivener”36.Hester Prynne, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely characters in（）.A. The House of the Seven GablesB. The Scarlet LetterC. The Portrait of a LadyD. The Pioneers37.Like Nathaniel Hawthorne,（）also manages to achieve the effect of ambiguity through symbolism and allegory in his narratives.A. Mark TwainB. Henry JamesC. R. W. EmersonD. Herman Melville38.In his realistic fiction, Henry James’s primary concern is to present the（）.A. inner life of human beingsB. American Civil War and its effectsC. life on the Mississippi RiverD. Calvinistic view of original sin39.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Mark Twain’s writing style?（）A. Simple vernacular.B. Local color.C. Lengthy psychological analyses.D. Richness of irony and humor.40.Which of the following statements about E. Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner’s story“A Rose for Emily,”is NOT true?（）A. She has a distorted personality.B. She is physically deformed and paralyzed.C. She is the symbol of the old values of the South.D. She is the victim of the past glory.PART TWO (60 POINTS)Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41.“Words are like leaves; and where they most abound,Much fruit of sense beneath is rarely found”Questions:5A.Identify the poem and the poet.B.What idea do the two lines express?42.“To be so distinguished, is an honor, which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge.”Questions:A.Identify the work and the author.B.What is the tone of author?43.“‘Faith! Faith!’cried the husband. ‘Look up to Heaven, and resist the Wicked One.’”Questions:A.Identify the work and the author.B.What idea does the quoted sentence express?44.“We passed the School, where Children stroveAt Recess—in the Ring—We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain—We passed the Setting Sun—”Questions:A.Identify the poem and the poet.B.What do“the School,”“the Fields”and“the Setting Sun”stand for respectively?Ⅲ. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45.As a rule, and allegory is a story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning, and an implied meaning. List two works as examples of allegory. What is the implied meaning an allegory is usually concerned with?46.“Let it not be supposed by the enemies of‘the system,’that during the period of his solitary incarceration, Oliver was denied the benefit of exercise, the pleasure of society, or the advantages of religious consolation.”What do you think Charles Dickens intends to say in the above ironic statement taken from Oliver Twist?47.Whitman has made radical changes in the form of poetry by choosing free verse as his medium of expression. What are the characteristics of Whitman’s free verse?48.Some of Hemingway’s heroes are regarded as the Hemingway code heroes. Whatever the differences in experience and age, they all have something in common which Hemingway values. What are the characteristics of the Hemingway code hero?Ⅳ. Topics for Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the6corresponding space on the answer sheet.49.Elizabeth Bennet, the heroine in Pride and Prejudice, is often regarded as the most successful character created by Jane Austen. Make a brief comment on Elizabeth’s character.50.Take Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn as an example to illustrate the statement that Mark Twain was a unique writer in American literature.7。
2002年(上)英美文学选读试题及答案范文
2002年4月英美文学选读试题及答案2002年4月英美文学选读试题及答案课程代码：00604Ⅰ.Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices [A],[B],[C],[D] of each itemthe one that best answers the question or completes thestatement and write the letter on the answer sheet.1.Romance,which uses narrative verse or prose to tell storiesof ___ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A.ChristianB.knightlyC.GreekD.primitive2.Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer isknown for his production of ___.A.Piers PlowmanB.Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC.Confessio AmantisD.The Canterbury Tales3.Which of the following historical events does not directlyhelp to stimulate the rising of the Renaisssance Movement?A.The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture.B.The new discoveries in geography and astrology.C.The Glorious revolution.D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion.4.Which of the following statements best illustrates the themeof Shakespeare's Sonnet 18?A.The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B.The speaker satirizes human vanity.C.The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D.The speaker meditates on man's salvation.5."And we will sit upon the rocks,/Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals."The above lines are probably taken from __.A.Spenser's The Faerie QueeneB.John Donne's "The Sun Rising"C.Shakespeare's "Sonnet 18"D.Marlowe's "The Passionate Shepherd to His Love"6."BassaniAntonio,I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, My wife, and all the world.Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,Here to the devil, to deliver you.Portia:Your wife would give you little thanks for that,If she were by to hear you make the offer."The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice.The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.A.dramatic ironyB.personificationC.allegoryD.symbolism7.The ture subject of John Donne's poem,"The Sun Rising," isto ___.A.attack the sun as an unruly servantB.give compliments to the mistress and her power of beautyC.criticize the sun's intrusion into the lover's privatelifeD. lecture the sun on where true royalty and riches lie8.Of all the 18thcentury novelists Henry Fielding was thefirst to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a "___ in prose,"the first to give the modernnovel its structure and style.A.tragic epicic epicC.romanceD.lyric epic9.The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver's Travels are ___.A.horses that are endowed with reasonB.pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC.giants that are superior in wisdomD.hairy,wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways.10.Here are four lines from a literary work:"Others for language all their care express,/And value books,as women men,for dress."The work is ___.A.Thomas Gray's "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard"B.John Milton's Paradise LostC.Alexander Pope's Essay on CriticismD.Shakespeare's Midsummer Night's Dream11.The phrase "to urge people to abide by Christian doctrines and to seek salvation through constant struggles with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils" may well sum up the implied meaning of ___.A.Gulliver's TravelsB.The Rape of the LockC.Robinson CrusoeD.The pilgrim's Progress12.William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT ___.A.the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB.the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC.the use of humble and rustic life as subject matterD.the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech13.Which of the following is taken from John Keats' "Ode on a Grecian Urn"?A."I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!"B."They are both gone up to the church to pary."C."Earth has not anything to show more fair."D."Beauty is truth, truth beauty".14."If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind!" is an epigrammatic line by __.A.J.KeatsB.W.BlakeC.W.WordsworthD.P.B.Shelley15."Ode o na Grecian Urn"shows the contrast between the ___ of art and the ___ of human passion.A.glory …uglinessB.permanence…transienceC.transience…sordidnessD.glory…permanence16.In the statement"-oh,God! would you like to live with your soul in the grave?" the term"soul" apparently refers to ___.A.Heathcliff himselfB.CatherineC.one's spiritual lifeD.one's ghost17.The typical feature of Robet Browning's poetry is the ___.A.bitter satirerger-than-life caricaturetinized dictionD.dramatic monologue18.The Victorian Age was largely an age of ____,eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A.poetryB.dramaC.proseD.epicprose19.___is the first important governess novel in the English literary history.A.Jane EyreB.EmmaC.Wuthering HeightsD.Middlemarch20.The major concern of ______ fiction lies in the tracing ofthe psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of thecapitalist industrialization on human nature.wrence'sB.J.Galsworthy'sC.W.Thackeray'sD.T.Hardy's21.___is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A.Richard SheridanB.Oliver GoldsmithC.Oscar WildeD.Bernard Shaw22.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?A.To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.B.To put the stress on traditional values.C.To portray the distorted and alienated relationshipsbetween man and his environment.D.To advocate a conscious break with the past.23.The Romantic writers would focus on all the followingissues EXCEPT the ___ in the American literary histrory.A.individual feelingsB.idea of survival of thefittestC.strong imaginationD.return to nature24.Henry David Thoreau's work,__,has always been regarded as amasterpiece of New England Transcendentalism.A.WaldenB.The pioneersC.NatureD.Song of Myself25.The famous 20-years sleep in "Rip Van Winkle"helps to construct the story in such a way that we are greatly affected by Irving's ___.A.concern with the passage of timeB.expression of transient beautyC.satire on laziness and corruptibility of human beingsD.idea about supernatural manipulation of man's life26.Walt whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in his use of __,poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.A.blank verseB.heroic coupletC.free verseD.iambic pentameter27.The literary characters of the American type in early 19th century are generally characterized by all the following features EXCEPT that they ___.A.speak local dialectsB.are polite and elegant gentlemenC.are simple and crude farmersD.are noble savages( red and white) untainted by society28.Hester Pryme, Dimmsdale,Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely the names of the characters in ___.A.The Scarlet LetterB.The House of the SevenGablestC.The Portrait of a LadyD.The pioneers29."This is my letter to the World" is a poetic expression of Emily Dickinson's __ about her communication with the outside world.A.indifferenceB.angerC.anxietyD.sorrow30.With Howells,James,and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, __ became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19thcentury.A.sentimentalismB.romanticismC.realismD.naturalism31.After The adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain gives a literary independence to Tom's buddy Huck in a book entitled ___.A.Life on the MississippiB.The Gilded AgeC.The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD.A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court32.However,___,the keynote of Daisy Miller's character,turnsout to be an admiring but a dangerous quality and her defiance of social taboos in the Old World finally brings her to a disaster in the clash between two different cultures.A.experienceB.sophisticationC.worldlinessD.innocence33.Generally speaking,all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be ___.A.transcendentalistsB.idealistsC.pessimistsD.impressionists34.Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspectsof life.Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of her poetic expression?A.Religion and immortality.B.Life and death.C.Love and marriage.D.War and peace.35.In "After Apple-Picking,"Robert Frost wrote:"For I have hadtoo much/Of applepicking:I am overtired/Of the great harvest I myself desired."From these lines we can conclude that the speaker is ___.A.happy about the harvestB.still very much interested in apple-pickingC.expecting a greater harvestD.indifferent to what he once desired36.Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ____.A.Ezra PoundB.Ralph Waldo EmersonC.Robert FrostD.Emily Dickinson37.The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their __.A.indestructible spirtieB.pessimistic view oflifeC.war experiencesD.masculinity38.IN The Emperor Jones and The Hairy Ape,O'Neill adopted the expressionist techniques to portray the ___ of human beings in a hostile universe.A.helpless situationB.uncertaintyC.profound religious faithD.courage and perseverance39.In Hemingway's "Indian Cmap",Nick's night trip to the Indian village and his experience inside the hut can be taken as ____.A.an essential lesson about Indian tribesB.a confrontation with evil and sinC.an initiation to the harshness of lifeD.a learning process in human relationship40.which of the following statements about Emily Grierson,the protagonist in Faulkner's story "A Rose for Emily," is NOT true?A.She has a distorted personality.B.She is physically deformed and paralyzed.C.She is the symbol of the old values of the South.D.She is the victim of the past glory.PART TWOⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions inEnglish.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41."Her eyes met his and he looked away.He neither believed nor disbelieved her,but he knew that he had made a mistake in asking;he never had known,never would know,what she was thinking.The sight of her inscrutable face,the thought of allthe hundreds of evenings he had seen her sitting there like that,soft and passive,but so unreadable, unknown, enraged him beyond measure."Questions:A.Identify the writer and the work.B.What does the phrase "inscrutable face" mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?42."And when I am formulated,sprawling on a pin,When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall.Then how should beginTo spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways." Questions:A.Identify the poem and the poet.B.What does the phrase "butt-ends" mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?43."God knows,…I'm not myself-I'm somebody else-…and I'm changed,and I can't tell what's my name,or who I am." Questions:A.Identify the work and the author.B.The speaker says he is changed.Do you think he is changed, or the social environment has changed?C.What idea does the quoted sentence express?44."I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference."Questions:A.Idenfity the poem and the poet.B.What does the phrase "ages and ages hence" mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?Ⅲ.Questions and Answers(24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English.Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45.As a rule,an allegory is story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning,and an implied meaning.List two works as examples of allegory.What is an allegory usually concerned with by its implied meaning?46.Inspiration for the romantic approach initially came fromtwo great shapers of thought.Who are the two?And what ideas they expressed inspire the romantic writers?47.The white whale,Moby Dick,is the most important symbol in Melville's novel.What symbolic meaning can you draw from it? 48.Nature is a philosophic work, in which Emerson gives an explicit discussion on his idea of the Qversoul.What is your understanding of Emersonian "Oversoul"?Ⅳ.Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topicsin English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. 49.How is Romanticism different from Neoclassicism?Providebrief evidence from the literary works you know best.50.Summerize the story of Mark twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in about 100 words,and comment on the theme of the novel.全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题答案课程代码：00604Ⅰ.Multiple Choice(40 points in all,1 for each)1.B2.D3.C4.C5.D6.A7.B8.B9.A 10.C11.D 12.D 13.D 14.D 15.B16.B 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.A21.D 22.B 23.B 24.A 25.A26.C 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.C31.C 32.D 33.C 34.D 35.D36.A 37.A 38.A 39.C 40.BⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)41.A.John Galasworthy:The Man of Property.B.A face does not show any emotion or reaction so thatit is impossible to know how that person is feeling or what he is thinking about.C.it presents the inner mind of Soames in face of hiswife's coldness.He can never know what is on his wife's mind because the makeup of his and her mentality is different. His wife Irene, whose mind is romantically inclined, is disgusted with her husband's possessiveness. Being unable to read his wife's mind is as good as saying that he really can't regard her as his property- this is the very reason why he is enraged beyond measure.42.A.T.S.Eliot:"The Love Song of J.Alfred Pruforck."B.The ends of cigarettes,meaning trivial things here.C.Here,Prufrock's inability to do anything against thesociety he is in is made strikingly clear by using a sharp comparison .Prufrock imagines himself as a kind of insect pinned on the wall and struggling in vain to get free.This image vividly shows Prufrock's current predicament.43.A.Washington Irving:"Rip Van Winkle".B.The social environment is changed.C.When Rip is back home after a period of 20 years,he finds thta everything has changed.All those old values are gone,and he can hardly feel at home in a changed society.One of the functions that Rip serves in the story is to provide a measuring stick for change. It is through him that Irvingdrives home the theme that a desire for change,improvement,and progress could subvert stable society.44.A.Robert Frost:"The Road Not Taken".B.Many many years later.C.The speaker is telling his experience of making thechoice of the roads.But he is conscious of the fact that his choice will have made all the difference in his life.He seemsto be giving a suggestion to the reader."Make good choice of your life."Ⅲ.Questions and Answers (24 points in all,6 for each)45.A.Buyan's pilgrim's Progress and Spenser's The Faerie Queene.B.It is usually concerned with moral,religious,political,symbolic or mythical ideas.46.A.The French philosopher,Jean Jacques Rousseau and the German writer Johna Wolfgan von Goethe.B.It is Rousseau who established the cult of theindividual and championed the freedom of the human spirit;his famous announcement was "I felt before I thought."Goethe andhis compatriots extolled the romantic spirit.47.A.To Ahab,the whale is either an evil creature itself orthe agent of an evil force that controls the universe,or perhaps both.B.To Ishmale,the whale is an astonishing force,an immense power,which defies rational explanation due to a sense of mystery it carries. It is beautiful,but malignant at the same time. It also represents the tremendous organic vitality ofthe universe,for it has a life force that surges onward irresistibly, impervious to the desires or wills of men.C.As to the reader, the whale can be viewed as a symbol of the physical limits that life imposes upon man. It may also be regarded as a symbol of nature, or an instrument of God's vengeance upon evil man. In general,the multiplicity and ambivalence of the symbolic meaning of the whale is such that it becomes a source of intense speculation, an object or profound curiosity for the reader.48.A.The Oversoul is believed to be an all-pervading powerfor goodness,omnipresent and omnipotent from which all things come and of which all are a part. It exists in nature and man alike and constitutes the chief element of the universe.B.According to Emerson,it is a supreme reality of mind, a spiritual unity of all beings, and a religion regarded as an emotional communication between an individual soul and theuniversal Over-soul of which it is a part.C.He holds that intuition is a more certain way ofknowing than reason and that the mind could intuitively perceive the existence of the Oversoul and of certain absolutes.Ⅳ.Topic Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)49.a.Neoclassicists upheld that artistic ideals should beorder,logic,restrained emoticon and accuracy,and that literature,should be judged in terms of its service to humanity,and thus,literary expressions should be of proportion,unity,harmony and grace.Pope's An Essay on Criticism advocates grace,wit (usually thoughsatire/humour),and simplicity in language(and the poem itselfis a demonstration of those ideals,too);Fielding's Tom Jones helped establish the form of novel;Gray's "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard' displays elegance in style,unified structure,serious tone and moral instructions.b.Romanticists tended to see the individual as the verycenter of all experience,including art,and thus,literary work should be "spontaneous overflow of strong feelings,"and no matter how fragmentary those experiences were (Wordsworth's "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud," or "The Solitary Reaper,) or Coleridge's "Keble Khan"),the value of the work lied in the accuracy of presenting those unique feelings and particularattitudes.c.In a word, Neoclassicism emphasized rationality and formbut Romanticism attached great importance to the individual's m ind (emotion, imagination, temporary experience…)50.A.Mark Twain's novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finnis a Sequa to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.The Story takes place along the Mississippi River before the Civil War in the United States, around 1850.Along the river, floats a small raft, with two people onit; One is an ignorant,uneducated black slave named Jim and the other is little uneducated outcast white boy about the age of thirteen, called Huckleberry Finn or Huck Finn.The novel relates the story of the escape of Jim from slavery and ,more important, how Huck Finn, floating along with Jim and helping him as best he could, changes his mind ,his prejudice, about Black people, and comes to accept Jim as a man and as a close friends as well.During their journey, they experience a series of adventures:coming across two frauds, the "Duke" and the "King",witnessing the lynching and murder of a harmless drunkard, being lost in a fog and finally Tom's coming to rescue.B. The theme of the novel may be best summed in a word "freedom": Huck wants to escape from the bond of civilizationand Jim wants to escape from the yoke of slavery. Mark Twain uses the raft's journey down the Mississippi River to express his thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.。
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全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604Ⅰ.Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices [A],[B],[C],[D] of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement and write the letter on the answer sheet.1.Romance,which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of ___ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A.ChristianB.knightlyC.GreekD.primitive2.Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of ___.A.Piers PlowmanB.Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC.Confessio AmantisD.The Canterbury Tales3.Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaisssance Movement?A.The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture.B.The new discoveries in geography and astrology.C.The Glorious revolution.D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion.4.Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare's Sonnet 18?A.The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B.The speaker satirizes human vanity.C.The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D.The speaker meditates on man's salvation.5.“And we will sit upon the rocks,/Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,/By shallow rivers towhose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals.”The above lines are probably taken from __.A.Spenser's The Faerie QueeneB.John Donne's “The Sun Rising”C.Shakespeare's “Sonnet 18”D.Marlowe's “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love”6.“Bassanio:Antonio,I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, My wife, and all the world.Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,Here to the devil, to deliver you.Portia:Your wife would give you little thanks for that,If she were by to hear you make the offer.”The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice.The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.A.dramatic ironyB.personificationC.allegoryD.symbolism7.The ture subject of John Donne's poem,“The Sun Rising,”is to ___.A.attack the sun as an unruly servantB.give compliments to the mistress and her power of beautyC.criticize the sun's intrusion into the lover's private lifeD. lecture the sun on where true royalty and riches lie8.Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a “___ in prose,”the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.A.tragic epicic epicC.romanceD.lyric epic9.The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver's Travels are ___.A.horses that are endowed with reasonB.pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC.giants that are superior in wisdomD.hairy,wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways.10.Here are four lines from a literary work:“Others for language all their care express,/And value books,as women men, for dress.”The work is ___.A.Thomas Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”B.John Milton's Paradise LostC.Alexander Pope's Essay on CriticismD.Shakespeare's Midsummer Night's Dream11.The phrase “to urge people to abide by Christian doctrines and to seek salvation throughconstant struggles with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils”may well sum up the implied meaning of ___.A.Gulliver's TravelsB.The Rape of the LockC.Robinson CrusoeD.The pilgrim's Progress12.William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT ___.A.the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB.the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC.the use of humble and rustic life as subject matterD.the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech13.Which of the following is taken from John Keats’“Ode on a Grecian Urn”?A.“I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!”B.“They are both gone up to the church to pary.”C.“Earth has not anything to show more fair.”D.“Beauty is truth, truth beauty”.14.“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind!”is an epigrammatic line by __.A.J.KeatsB.W.BlakeC.W.WordsworthD.P.B.Shelley15.“Ode o na Grecian Urn”shows the contrast between the ___ of art and the ___ of humanpassion.A.glory …uglinessB.permanence…transienceC.transience…sordidnessD.glory…permanence16.In the statement“—oh,God! would you like to live with your soul in the grave?”the term“soul”apparently refers to ___.A.Heathcliff himselfB.CatherineC.one's spiritual lifeD.one's ghost17.The typical feature of Robet Browning's poetry is the ___.A.bitter satirerger-than-life caricaturetinized dictionD.dramatic monologue18.The Victorian Age was largely an age of ____,eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A.poetryB.dramaC.proseD.epic prose19.___is the first important governess novel in the English literary history.A.Jane EyreB.EmmaC.Wuthering HeightsD.Middlemarch20.The major concern of ______ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development ofhis characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.wrence'sB.J.Galsworthy'sC.W.Thackeray’sD.T.Hardy’s21.___is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A.Richard SheridanB.Oliver GoldsmithC.Oscar WildeD.Bernard Shaw22.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?A.To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.B.To put the stress on traditional values.C.To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between man and his environment.D.To advocate a conscious break with the past.23.The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the ___ in the Americanliterary histrory.A.individual feelingsB.idea of survival of the fittestC.strong imaginationD.return to nature24.Henry David Thoreau's work,__,has always been regarded as a masterpiece of New EnglandTranscendentalism.A.WaldenB.The pioneersC.NatureD.Song of Myself25.The famous 20-years sleep in “Rip Van Winkle”helps to construct the story in such a way thatwe are greatly affected by Irving's ___.A.concern with the passage of timeB.expression of transient beautyC.satire on laziness and corruptibility of human beingsD.idea about supernatural manipulation of man's life26.Walt whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in hisuse of __,poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.A.blank verseB.heroic coupletC.free verseD.iambic pentameter27.The literary characters of the American type in early 19th century are generally characterized byall the following features EXCEPT that they ___.A.speak local dialectsB.are polite and elegant gentlemenC.are simple and crude farmersD.are noble savages( red and white) untainted by society28.Hester Pryme, Dimmsdale,Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely the names of the charactersin ___.A.The Scarlet LetterB.The House of the Seven GablestC.The Portrait of a LadyD.The pioneers29.“This is my letter to the World”is a poetic expression of Emily Dickinson's __ about hercommunication with the outside world.A.indifferenceB.angerC.anxietyD.sorrow30.With Howells,James,and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, __ became the major trendin American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.A.sentimentalismB.romanticismC.realismD.naturalism31.After The adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain gives a literary independence to Tom's buddy Huckin a book entitled ___.A.Life on the MississippiB.The Gilded AgeC.The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD.A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court32.However,___,the keynote of Daisy Miller's character,turns out to be an admiring but adangerous quality and her defiance of social taboos in the Old World finally brings her to a disaster in the clash between two different cultures.A.experienceB.sophisticationC.worldlinessD.innocence33.Generally speaking,all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be ___.A.transcendentalistsB.idealistsC.pessimistsD.impressionists34.Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life.Which of the following isNOT a usual subject of her poetic expression?A.Religion and immortality.B.Life and death.C.Love and marriage.D.War and peace.35.In “After Apple-Picking,”Robert Frost wrote:“For I have had too much/Of applepicking:I amovertired/Of the great harvest I myself desired.”From these lines we can conclude that the speaker is ___.A.happy about the harvestB.still very much interested in apple-pickingC.expecting a greater harvestD.indifferent to what he once desired36.Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ____.A.Ezra PoundB.Ralph Waldo EmersonC.Robert FrostD.Emily Dickinson37.The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their __.A.indestructible spirtieB.pessimistic view of lifeC.war experiencesD.masculinity38.IN The Emperor Jones and T he Hairy Ape,O'Neill adopted the expressionist techniques toportray the ___ of human beings in a hostile universe.A.helpless situationB.uncertaintyC.profound religious faithD.courage and perseverance39.In Hemingway's “Indian Cmap”,Nick's night trip to the Indian village and his experience insidethe hut can be taken as ____.A.an essential lesson about Indian tribesB.a confrontation with evil and sinC.an initiation to the harshness of lifeD.a learning process in human relationship40.which of the following statements about Emily Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner's story“A Rose for Emily,”is NOT true?A.She has a distorted personality.B.She is physically deformed and paralyzed.C.She is the symbol of the old values of the South.D.She is the victim of the past glory.PART TWOⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41.“Her eyes met his and he looked away.He neither believed nor disbelieved her,but he knew thathe had made a mistake in asking;he never had known,never would know,what she was thinking.The sight of her inscrutable face,the thought of all the hundreds of evenings he had seen her sitting there like that,soft and passive,but so unreadable, unknown, enraged him beyond measure.”Questions:A.Identify the writer and the work.B.What does the phrase “inscrutable face”mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?42.“And when I am formulated,sprawling on a pin,When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall.Then how should beginTo spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways.”Questions:A.Identify the poem and the poet.B.What does the phrase “butt-ends”mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?43.“God knows,…I'm not myself—I'm somebody else—…and I'm changed,and I can't tell what'smy name,or who I am.”Questions:A.Identify the work and the author.B.The speaker says he is changed.Do you think he is changed, or the social environment haschanged?C.What idea does the quoted sentence express?44.“I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.”Questions:A.Idenfity the poem and the poet.B.What does the phrase “ages and ages hence”mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?Ⅲ.Questions and Answers(24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English.Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45.As a rule,an allegory is story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning,and animplied meaning.List two works as examples of allegory.What is an allegory usually concerned with by its implied meaning?46.Inspiration for the romantic approach initially came from two great shapers of thought.Who arethe two?And what ideas they expressed inspire the romantic writers?47.The white whale,Moby Dick,is the most important symbol in Melville's novel.What symbolicmeaning can you draw from it?48.Nature is a philosophic work, in which Emerson gives an explicit discussion on his idea of theQversoul.What is your understanding of Emersonian “Oversoul”?Ⅳ.Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49.How is Romanticism different from Neoclassicism?Provide brief evidence from the literaryworks you know best.50.Summerize the story of Mark twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in about 100words,and comment on the theme of the novel.全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题答案课程代码：00604Ⅰ.Multiple Choice(40 points in all,1 for each)1.B2.D3.C4.C5.D6.A7.B8.B9.A 10.C11.D 12.D 13.D 14.D 15.B16.B 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.A21.D 22.B 23.B 24.A 25.A26.C 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.C31.C 32.D 33.C 34.D 35.D36.A 37.A 38.A 39.C 40.BⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)41.A.John Galasworthy:The Man of Property.B.A face does not show any emotion or reaction so that it is impossible to know how thatperson is feeling or what he is thinking about.C.it presents the inner mind of Soames in face of his wife's coldness.He can never knowwhat is on his wife's mind because the makeup of his and her mentality is different. Hiswife Irene, whose mind is romantically inclined, is disgusted with her husband'spossessiveness. Being unable to read his wife's mind is as good as saying that he reallycan't regard her as his property- this is the very reason why he is enraged beyondmeasure.42.A.T.S.Eliot:“The Love Song of J.Alfred Pruforck.”B.The ends of cigarettes,meaning trivial things here.C.Here,Prufrock's inability to do anything against the society he is in is made strikinglyclear by using a sharp comparison .Prufrock imagines himself as a kind of insect pinnedon the wall and struggling in vain to get free.This image vividly shows Prufrock's currentpredicament.43.A.Washington Irving:“Rip Van Winkle”.B.The social environment is changed.C.When Rip is back home after a period of 20 years,he finds thta everything has changed.Allthose old values are gone,and he can hardly feel at home in a changed society.One of thefunctions that Rip serves in the story is to provide a measuring stick for change. It isthrough him that Irving drives home the theme that a desire for change,improvement,andprogress could subvert stable society.44.A.Robert Frost:“The Road Not Taken”.B.Many many years later.C.The speaker is telling his experience of making the choice of the roads.But he isconscious of the fact that his choice will have made all the difference in his life.Heseems to be giving a suggestion to the reader.“Make good choice of your life.”Ⅲ.Questions and Answers (24 points in all,6 for each)45.A.Buyan's pilgrim's Progress and Spenser's The Faerie Queene.B.It is usually concerned with moral ,religious,political,symbolic or mythical ideas.46.A.The French philosopher,Jean Jacques Rousseau and the German writer Johna Wolfgan vonGoethe.B.It is Rousseau who established the cult of the individual and championed the freedom of thehuman spirit;his famous announcement was “I felt before I thought.”Goethe and hiscompatriots extolled the romantic spirit.47.A.To Ahab,the whale is either an evil creature itself or the agent of an evil force that controlsthe universe,or perhaps both.B.To Ishmale,the whale is an astonishing force,an immense power,which defies rationalexplanation due to a sense of mystery it carries. It is beautiful,but malignant at the same time.It also represents the tremendous organic vitality of the universe,for it has a life force that surges onward irresistibly, impervious to the desires or wills of men.C.As to the reader, the whale can be viewed as a symbol of the physical limits that lifeimposes upon man. It may also be regarded as a symbol of nature, or an instrument of God's vengeance upon evil man. In general,the multiplicity and ambivalence of the symbolic meaning of the whale is such that it becomes a source of intense speculation, an object or profound curiosity for the reader.48.A.The Oversoul is believed to be an all-pervading power for goodness,omnipresent andomnipotent from which all things come and of which all are a part. It exists in nature andman alike and constitutes the chief element of the universe.B.According to Emerson,it is a supreme reality of mind, a spiritual unity of all beings, and areligion regarded as an emotional communication between an individual soul and theuniversal Over-soul of which it is a part.C.He holds that intuition is a more certain way of knowing than reason and that the mindcould intuitively perceive the existence of the Oversoul and of certain absolutes.Ⅳ.Topic Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)49.a.Neoclassicists upheld that artistic ideals should be order,logic,restrained emoticon andaccuracy,and that literature,should be judged in terms of its service to humanity,and thus,literary expressions should be of proportion,unity,harmony and grace.Pope's An Essay on Criticism advocates grace,wit (usually though satire/humour),and simplicity in language(and the poem itself is a demonstration of those ideals,too);Fielding's Tom Jones helped establish the form of novel;Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard' displays elegance in style,unified structure,serious tone and moral instructions.b.Romanticists tended to see the individual as the very center of all experience,includingart,and thus,literary work should be “spontaneous overflow of strong feelings,”and no matter how fragmentary those experiences were (Wordsworth's “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud,”or “The Solitary Reaper,) or Coleridge's “Keble Khan”),the value of the work lied in the accuracy of presenting those unique feelings and particular attitudes.c.In a word, Neoclassicism emphasized rationality and form but Romanticism attached greatimportance to the individual's mind (emotion, imagination, temporary experience…)50.A.Mark Twain's novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a Sequa to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.The Story takes place along the Mississippi River before the Civil War in the United States, around 1850.Along the river, floats a small raft, with two people on it; One is an ignorant,uneducated black slave named Jim and the other is little uneducated outcast white boy about the age of thirteen, called Huckleberry Finn or Huck Finn.The novel relates the story of the escape of Jim from slavery and ,more important, how Huck Finn, floating along with Jim and helping him as best he could, changes his mind ,his prejudice, about Black people, and comes to accept Jim as a man and as a close friends as well.During their journey, they experience a series of adventures:coming across two frauds, the “Duke”and the “King”,witnessing the lynching and murder of a harmless drunkard, being lost in a fog and finally Tom's coming to rescue.B. The theme of the novel may be best summed in a word “freedom”: Huck wants to escape fromthe bond of civilization and Jim wants to escape from the yoke of slavery. Mark Twain uses the raft's journey down the Mississippi River to express his thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.。